gh-123492: Remove unnecessary `:func:` parentheses (#123493)

Doc/c-api/exceptions.rst

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ propagated, additional calls into the Python/C API may not behave as intended
 and may fail in mysterious ways.
 
 .. note::
-   The error indicator is **not** the result of :func:`sys.exc_info()`.
+   The error indicator is **not** the result of :func:`sys.exc_info`.
    The former corresponds to an exception that is not yet caught (and is
    therefore still propagating), while the latter returns an exception after
    it is caught (and has therefore stopped propagating).

Doc/c-api/import.rst

@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ Importing Modules
 
    .. versionadded:: 3.2
    .. versionchanged:: 3.3
-      Uses :func:`!imp.source_from_cache()` in calculating the source path if
+      Uses :func:`!imp.source_from_cache` in calculating the source path if
       only the bytecode path is provided.
    .. versionchanged:: 3.12
       No longer uses the removed :mod:`!imp` module.

Doc/deprecations/pending-removal-in-3.13.rst

@@ -48,5 +48,5 @@ APIs:
   * ``read_binary()``
   * ``read_text()``
 
-  Use :func:`importlib.resources.files()` instead.  Refer to `importlib-resources: Migrating from Legacy
+  Use :func:`importlib.resources.files` instead.  Refer to `importlib-resources: Migrating from Legacy
   <https://importlib-resources.readthedocs.io/en/latest/using.html#migrating-from-legacy>`_ (:gh:`106531`)

Doc/deprecations/pending-removal-in-3.15.rst

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ Pending Removal in Python 3.15
 * :class:`locale`: :func:`locale.getdefaultlocale` was deprecated in Python 3.11
   and originally planned for removal in Python 3.13 (:gh:`90817`),
   but removal has been postponed to Python 3.15.
-  Use :func:`locale.setlocale()`, :func:`locale.getencoding()` and
+  Use :func:`locale.setlocale`, :func:`locale.getencoding` and
-  :func:`locale.getlocale()` instead.
+  :func:`locale.getlocale` instead.
   (Contributed by Hugo van Kemenade in :gh:`111187`.)
 
 * :mod:`pathlib`:

Doc/howto/descriptor.rst

@@ -513,7 +513,7 @@ were defined.
 
 Descriptors are a powerful, general purpose protocol.  They are the mechanism
 behind properties, methods, static methods, class methods, and
-:func:`super()`.  They are used throughout Python itself.  Descriptors
+:func:`super`.  They are used throughout Python itself.  Descriptors
 simplify the underlying C code and offer a flexible set of new tools for
 everyday Python programs.
 

Doc/howto/enum.rst

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Enum HOWTO
 .. currentmodule:: enum
 
 An :class:`Enum` is a set of symbolic names bound to unique values.  They are
-similar to global variables, but they offer a more useful :func:`repr()`,
+similar to global variables, but they offer a more useful :func:`repr`,
 grouping, type-safety, and a few other features.
 
 They are most useful when you have a variable that can take one of a limited
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ And a function to display the chores for a given day::
     answer SO questions
 
 In cases where the actual values of the members do not matter, you can save
-yourself some work and use :func:`auto()` for the values::
+yourself some work and use :func:`auto` for the values::
 
     >>> from enum import auto
     >>> class Weekday(Flag):

Doc/howto/instrumentation.rst

@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ Available static markers
 .. object:: gc__start(int generation)
 
    Fires when the Python interpreter starts a garbage collection cycle.
-   ``arg0`` is the generation to scan, like :func:`gc.collect()`.
+   ``arg0`` is the generation to scan, like :func:`gc.collect`.
 
 .. object:: gc__done(long collected)
 

Doc/library/ast.rst

@@ -2134,7 +2134,7 @@ and classes for traversing abstract syntax trees:
    If ``type_comments=True`` is given, the parser is modified to check
    and return type comments as specified by :pep:`484` and :pep:`526`.
    This is equivalent to adding :data:`ast.PyCF_TYPE_COMMENTS` to the
-   flags passed to :func:`compile()`.  This will report syntax errors
+   flags passed to :func:`compile`.  This will report syntax errors
    for misplaced type comments.  Without this flag, type comments will
    be ignored, and the ``type_comment`` field on selected AST nodes
    will always be ``None``.  In addition, the locations of ``# type:

Doc/library/asyncio-runner.rst

@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ Runner context manager
    current one. By default :func:`asyncio.new_event_loop` is used and set as
    current event loop with :func:`asyncio.set_event_loop` if *loop_factory* is ``None``.
 
-   Basically, :func:`asyncio.run()` example can be rewritten with the runner usage::
+   Basically, :func:`asyncio.run` example can be rewritten with the runner usage::
 
         async def main():
             await asyncio.sleep(1)

Doc/library/compileall.rst

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ compile Python sources.
 .. option:: -j N
 
    Use *N* workers to compile the files within the given directory.
-   If ``0`` is used, then the result of :func:`os.process_cpu_count()`
+   If ``0`` is used, then the result of :func:`os.process_cpu_count`
    will be used.
 
 .. option:: --invalidation-mode [timestamp|checked-hash|unchecked-hash]

Doc/library/contextvars.rst

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ function and the :class:`~contextvars.Context` class should be used to
 manage the current context in asynchronous frameworks.
 
 Context managers that have state should use Context Variables
-instead of :func:`threading.local()` to prevent their state from
+instead of :func:`threading.local` to prevent their state from
 bleeding to other code unexpectedly, when used in concurrent code.
 
 See also :pep:`567` for additional details.
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ Manual Context Management
 
    Every thread will have a different top-level :class:`~contextvars.Context`
    object. This means that a :class:`ContextVar` object behaves in a similar
-   fashion to :func:`threading.local()` when values are assigned in different
+   fashion to :func:`threading.local` when values are assigned in different
    threads.
 
    Context implements the :class:`collections.abc.Mapping` interface.

Doc/library/enum.rst

@@ -663,7 +663,7 @@ Data Types
    * the result is a valid *IntFlag*: an *IntFlag* is returned
    * the result is not a valid *IntFlag*: the result depends on the :class:`FlagBoundary` setting
 
-   The :func:`repr()` of unnamed zero-valued flags has changed.  It is now:
+   The :func:`repr` of unnamed zero-valued flags has changed.  It is now:
 
       >>> Color(0)
       <Color: 0>

Doc/library/functions.rst

@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ are always available.  They are listed here in alphabetical order.
    This function drops you into the debugger at the call site.  Specifically,
    it calls :func:`sys.breakpointhook`, passing ``args`` and ``kws`` straight
    through.  By default, ``sys.breakpointhook()`` calls
-   :func:`pdb.set_trace()` expecting no arguments.  In this case, it is
+   :func:`pdb.set_trace` expecting no arguments.  In this case, it is
    purely a convenience function so you don't have to explicitly import
    :mod:`pdb` or type as much code to enter the debugger.  However,
    :func:`sys.breakpointhook` can be set to some other function and
@@ -1336,7 +1336,7 @@ are always available.  They are listed here in alphabetical order.
    (which on *some* Unix systems, means that *all* writes append to the end of
    the file regardless of the current seek position).  In text mode, if
    *encoding* is not specified the encoding used is platform-dependent:
-   :func:`locale.getencoding()` is called to get the current locale encoding.
+   :func:`locale.getencoding` is called to get the current locale encoding.
    (For reading and writing raw bytes use binary mode and leave
    *encoding* unspecified.)  The available modes are:
 

Doc/library/functools.rst

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ The :mod:`functools` module defines the following functions:
    Returns the same as ``lru_cache(maxsize=None)``, creating a thin
    wrapper around a dictionary lookup for the function arguments.  Because it
    never needs to evict old values, this is smaller and faster than
-   :func:`lru_cache()` with a size limit.
+   :func:`lru_cache` with a size limit.
 
    For example::
 

Doc/library/getpass.rst

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ The :mod:`getpass` module provides two functions:
    systems which support the :mod:`pwd` module, otherwise, an :exc:`OSError`
    is raised.
 
-   In general, this function should be preferred over :func:`os.getlogin()`.
+   In general, this function should be preferred over :func:`os.getlogin`.
 
    .. versionchanged:: 3.13
       Previously, various exceptions beyond just :exc:`OSError` were raised.

Doc/library/inspect.rst

@@ -1261,7 +1261,7 @@ Classes and functions
    This function handles several details for you:
 
    * If ``eval_str`` is true, values of type ``str`` will
-     be un-stringized using :func:`eval()`.  This is intended
+     be un-stringized using :func:`eval`.  This is intended
      for use with stringized annotations
      (``from __future__ import annotations``).
    * If ``obj`` doesn't have an annotations dict, returns an
@@ -1275,16 +1275,16 @@ Classes and functions
    * Always, always, always returns a freshly created dict.
 
    ``eval_str`` controls whether or not values of type ``str`` are replaced
-   with the result of calling :func:`eval()` on those values:
+   with the result of calling :func:`eval` on those values:
 
-   * If eval_str is true, :func:`eval()` is called on values of type ``str``.
+   * If eval_str is true, :func:`eval` is called on values of type ``str``.
-     (Note that ``get_annotations`` doesn't catch exceptions; if :func:`eval()`
+     (Note that ``get_annotations`` doesn't catch exceptions; if :func:`eval`
      raises an exception, it will unwind the stack past the ``get_annotations``
      call.)
    * If eval_str is false (the default), values of type ``str`` are unchanged.
 
-   ``globals`` and ``locals`` are passed in to :func:`eval()`; see the documentation
+   ``globals`` and ``locals`` are passed in to :func:`eval`; see the documentation
-   for :func:`eval()` for more information.  If ``globals`` or ``locals``
+   for :func:`eval` for more information.  If ``globals`` or ``locals``
    is ``None``, this function may replace that value with a context-specific
    default, contingent on ``type(obj)``:
 

Doc/library/io.rst

@@ -950,7 +950,7 @@ Text I/O
    :class:`TextIOBase`.
 
    *encoding* gives the name of the encoding that the stream will be decoded or
-   encoded with.  It defaults to :func:`locale.getencoding()`.
+   encoded with.  It defaults to :func:`locale.getencoding`.
    ``encoding="locale"`` can be used to specify the current locale's encoding
    explicitly. See :ref:`io-text-encoding` for more information.
 
@@ -1182,7 +1182,7 @@ re-enter a buffered object which it is already accessing, a :exc:`RuntimeError`
 is raised.  Note this doesn't prohibit a different thread from entering the
 buffered object.
 
-The above implicitly extends to text files, since the :func:`open()` function
+The above implicitly extends to text files, since the :func:`open` function
 will wrap a buffered object inside a :class:`TextIOWrapper`.  This includes
-standard streams and therefore affects the built-in :func:`print()` function as
+standard streams and therefore affects the built-in :func:`print` function as
 well.

Doc/library/ipaddress.rst

@@ -1010,7 +1010,7 @@ The module also provides the following module level functions:
 
    doesn't make sense.  There are some times however, where you may wish to
    have :mod:`ipaddress` sort these anyway.  If you need to do this, you can use
-   this function as the *key* argument to :func:`sorted()`.
+   this function as the *key* argument to :func:`sorted`.
 
    *obj* is either a network or address object.
 

Doc/library/os.rst

@@ -113,8 +113,8 @@ of the UTF-8 encoding:
 
 * Use UTF-8 as the :term:`filesystem encoding <filesystem encoding and error
   handler>`.
-* :func:`sys.getfilesystemencoding()` returns ``'utf-8'``.
+* :func:`sys.getfilesystemencoding` returns ``'utf-8'``.
-* :func:`locale.getpreferredencoding()` returns ``'utf-8'`` (the *do_setlocale*
+* :func:`locale.getpreferredencoding` returns ``'utf-8'`` (the *do_setlocale*
   argument has no effect).
 * :data:`sys.stdin`, :data:`sys.stdout`, and :data:`sys.stderr` all use
   UTF-8 as their text encoding, with the ``surrogateescape``
@@ -133,8 +133,8 @@ level APIs also exhibit different default behaviours:
 
 * Command line arguments, environment variables and filenames are decoded
   to text using the UTF-8 encoding.
-* :func:`os.fsdecode()` and :func:`os.fsencode()` use the UTF-8 encoding.
+* :func:`os.fsdecode` and :func:`os.fsencode` use the UTF-8 encoding.
-* :func:`open()`, :func:`io.open()`, and :func:`codecs.open()` use the UTF-8
+* :func:`open`, :func:`io.open`, and :func:`codecs.open` use the UTF-8
   encoding by default. However, they still use the strict error handler by
   default so that attempting to open a binary file in text mode is likely
   to raise an exception rather than producing nonsense data.
@@ -794,7 +794,7 @@ process and user.
    ``socket.gethostbyaddr(socket.gethostname())``.
 
    On macOS, iOS and Android, this returns the *kernel* name and version (i.e.,
-   ``'Darwin'`` on macOS and iOS; ``'Linux'`` on Android). :func:`platform.uname()`
+   ``'Darwin'`` on macOS and iOS; ``'Linux'`` on Android). :func:`platform.uname`
    can be used to get the user-facing operating system name and version on iOS and
    Android.
 
@@ -2860,7 +2860,7 @@ features:
 
    .. versionchanged:: 3.6
       Added support for the :term:`context manager` protocol and the
-      :func:`~scandir.close()` method.  If a :func:`scandir` iterator is neither
+      :func:`~scandir.close` method.  If a :func:`scandir` iterator is neither
       exhausted nor explicitly closed a :exc:`ResourceWarning` will be emitted
       in its destructor.
 

Doc/library/pdb.rst

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ You can then step through the code following this statement, and continue
 running without the debugger using the :pdbcmd:`continue` command.
 
 .. versionchanged:: 3.7
-   The built-in :func:`breakpoint()`, when called with defaults, can be used
+   The built-in :func:`breakpoint`, when called with defaults, can be used
    instead of ``import pdb; pdb.set_trace()``.
 
 ::

Doc/library/platform.rst

@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ Cross Platform
 
    On iOS and Android, this returns the user-facing OS name (i.e, ``'iOS``,
    ``'iPadOS'`` or ``'Android'``). To obtain the kernel name (``'Darwin'`` or
-   ``'Linux'``), use :func:`os.uname()`.
+   ``'Linux'``), use :func:`os.uname`.
 
 .. function:: system_alias(system, release, version)
 
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ Cross Platform
    returned if the value cannot be determined.
 
    On iOS and Android, this is the user-facing OS version. To obtain the
-   Darwin or Linux kernel version, use :func:`os.uname()`.
+   Darwin or Linux kernel version, use :func:`os.uname`.
 
 .. function:: uname()
 

Doc/library/signal.rst

@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@ The :mod:`signal` module defines the following functions:
    signal to a particular Python thread would be to force a running system call
    to fail with :exc:`InterruptedError`.
 
-   Use :func:`threading.get_ident()` or the :attr:`~threading.Thread.ident`
+   Use :func:`threading.get_ident` or the :attr:`~threading.Thread.ident`
    attribute of :class:`threading.Thread` objects to get a suitable value
    for *thread_id*.
 

Doc/library/stdtypes.rst

@@ -3477,7 +3477,7 @@ place, and instead produce new objects.
    ``b'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'``. Uppercase ASCII characters
    are those byte values in the sequence ``b'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'``.
 
-   Unlike :func:`str.swapcase()`, it is always the case that
+   Unlike :func:`str.swapcase`, it is always the case that
    ``bin.swapcase().swapcase() == bin`` for the binary versions. Case
    conversions are symmetrical in ASCII, even though that is not generally
    true for arbitrary Unicode code points.

Doc/library/subprocess.rst

@@ -608,7 +608,7 @@ functions.
 
    If *group* is not ``None``, the setregid() system call will be made in the
    child process prior to the execution of the subprocess. If the provided
-   value is a string, it will be looked up via :func:`grp.getgrnam()` and
+   value is a string, it will be looked up via :func:`grp.getgrnam` and
    the value in ``gr_gid`` will be used. If the value is an integer, it
    will be passed verbatim. (POSIX only)
 
@@ -618,7 +618,7 @@ functions.
    If *extra_groups* is not ``None``, the setgroups() system call will be
    made in the child process prior to the execution of the subprocess.
    Strings provided in *extra_groups* will be looked up via
-   :func:`grp.getgrnam()` and the values in ``gr_gid`` will be used.
+   :func:`grp.getgrnam` and the values in ``gr_gid`` will be used.
    Integer values will be passed verbatim. (POSIX only)
 
    .. availability:: POSIX
@@ -626,7 +626,7 @@ functions.
 
    If *user* is not ``None``, the setreuid() system call will be made in the
    child process prior to the execution of the subprocess. If the provided
-   value is a string, it will be looked up via :func:`pwd.getpwnam()` and
+   value is a string, it will be looked up via :func:`pwd.getpwnam` and
    the value in ``pw_uid`` will be used. If the value is an integer, it will
    be passed verbatim. (POSIX only)
 

Doc/library/sys.rst

@@ -735,11 +735,11 @@ always available.
    regardless of their size.  This function is mainly useful for tracking
    and debugging memory leaks.  Because of the interpreter's internal
    caches, the result can vary from call to call; you may have to call
-   :func:`_clear_internal_caches()` and :func:`gc.collect()` to get more
+   :func:`_clear_internal_caches` and :func:`gc.collect` to get more
    predictable results.
 
    If a Python build or implementation cannot reasonably compute this
-   information, :func:`getallocatedblocks()` is allowed to return 0 instead.
+   information, :func:`getallocatedblocks` is allowed to return 0 instead.
 
    .. versionadded:: 3.4
 

Doc/library/sysconfig.rst

@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ Installation path functions
    mix with those by the other.
 
    End users should not use this function, but :func:`get_default_scheme` and
-   :func:`get_preferred_scheme()` instead.
+   :func:`get_preferred_scheme` instead.
 
    .. versionadded:: 3.10
 

Doc/library/tarfile.rst

@@ -615,7 +615,7 @@ be finalized; only the internally used file object will be closed. See the
    it is best practice to only do so in top-level applications or
    :mod:`site configuration <site>`.
    To set a global default this way, a filter function needs to be wrapped in
-   :func:`staticmethod()` to prevent injection of a ``self`` argument.
+   :func:`staticmethod` to prevent injection of a ``self`` argument.
 
    .. versionchanged:: 3.14
 

Doc/library/test.rst

@@ -1701,7 +1701,7 @@ The :mod:`test.support.warnings_helper` module provides support for warnings tes
 
 .. function:: check_warnings(*filters, quiet=True)
 
-   A convenience wrapper for :func:`warnings.catch_warnings()` that makes it
+   A convenience wrapper for :func:`warnings.catch_warnings` that makes it
    easier to test that a warning was correctly raised.  It is approximately
    equivalent to calling ``warnings.catch_warnings(record=True)`` with
    :meth:`warnings.simplefilter` set to ``always`` and with the option to

Doc/library/time.rst

@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ Functions
 
    .. impl-detail::
 
-      On CPython, use the same clock than :func:`time.monotonic()` and is a
+      On CPython, use the same clock than :func:`time.monotonic` and is a
       monotonic clock, i.e. a clock that cannot go backwards.
 
    Use :func:`perf_counter_ns` to avoid the precision loss caused by the
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ Functions
       On Windows, the function is now system-wide.
 
    .. versionchanged:: 3.13
-      Use the same clock than :func:`time.monotonic()`.
+      Use the same clock than :func:`time.monotonic`.
 
 
 .. function:: perf_counter_ns() -> int

Doc/library/token.rst

@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ the :mod:`tokenize` module.
    :noindex:
 
    Token value indicating that a type comment was recognized.  Such
-   tokens are only produced when :func:`ast.parse()` is invoked with
+   tokens are only produced when :func:`ast.parse` is invoked with
    ``type_comments=True``.
 
 

Doc/library/unittest.rst

@@ -2529,7 +2529,7 @@ Signal Handling
 .. versionadded:: 3.2
 
 The :option:`-c/--catch <unittest -c>` command-line option to unittest,
-along with the ``catchbreak`` parameter to :func:`unittest.main()`, provide
+along with the ``catchbreak`` parameter to :func:`unittest.main`, provide
 more friendly handling of control-C during a test run. With catch break
 behavior enabled control-C will allow the currently running test to complete,
 and the test run will then end and report all the results so far. A second

Doc/library/zipapp.rst

@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ Formally, the Python zip application format is therefore:
    interpreter name, and then a newline (``b'\n'``) character.  The interpreter
    name can be anything acceptable to the OS "shebang" processing, or the Python
    launcher on Windows.  The interpreter should be encoded in UTF-8 on Windows,
-   and in :func:`sys.getfilesystemencoding()` on POSIX.
+   and in :func:`sys.getfilesystemencoding` on POSIX.
 2. Standard zipfile data, as generated by the :mod:`zipfile` module.  The
    zipfile content *must* include a file called ``__main__.py`` (which must be
    in the "root" of the zipfile - i.e., it cannot be in a subdirectory).  The

Doc/reference/datamodel.rst

@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ Bytes
 
    A bytes object is an immutable array.  The items are 8-bit bytes,
    represented by integers in the range 0 <= x < 256.  Bytes literals
-   (like ``b'abc'``) and the built-in :func:`bytes()` constructor
+   (like ``b'abc'``) and the built-in :func:`bytes` constructor
    can be used to create bytes objects.  Also, bytes objects can be
    decoded to strings via the :meth:`~bytes.decode` method.
 

Doc/tutorial/floatingpoint.rst

@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ accumulate to the point where they affect the final total:
    >>> sum([0.1] * 10) == 1.0
    True
 
-The :func:`math.fsum()` goes further and tracks all of the "lost digits"
+The :func:`math.fsum` goes further and tracks all of the "lost digits"
 as values are added onto a running total so that the result has only a
 single rounding.  This is slower than :func:`sum` but will be more
 accurate in uncommon cases where large magnitude inputs mostly cancel

Doc/using/cmdline.rst

@@ -1031,7 +1031,7 @@ conflict.
    'surrogatepass' are used.
 
    This may also be enabled at runtime with
-   :func:`sys._enablelegacywindowsfsencoding()`.
+   :func:`sys._enablelegacywindowsfsencoding`.
 
    .. availability:: Windows.
 

Doc/using/ios.rst

@@ -53,10 +53,10 @@ the simulator or a physical device.
 
 Information about the specific runtime environment, including the iOS version,
 device model, and whether the device is a simulator, can be obtained using
-:func:`platform.ios_ver()`. :func:`platform.system()` will report ``iOS`` or
+:func:`platform.ios_ver`. :func:`platform.system` will report ``iOS`` or
 ``iPadOS``, depending on the device.
 
-:func:`os.uname()` reports kernel-level details; it will report a name of
+:func:`os.uname` reports kernel-level details; it will report a name of
 ``Darwin``.
 
 Standard library availability

Doc/whatsnew/3.10.rst

@@ -1233,7 +1233,7 @@ also now un-stringize stringized annotations.
 itertools
 ---------
 
-Add :func:`itertools.pairwise()`.
+Add :func:`itertools.pairwise`.
 (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`38200`.)
 
 linecache
@@ -1245,14 +1245,14 @@ When a module does not define ``__loader__``, fall back to ``__spec__.loader``.
 os
 --
 
-Add :func:`os.cpu_count()` support for VxWorks RTOS.
+Add :func:`os.cpu_count` support for VxWorks RTOS.
 (Contributed by Peixing Xin in :issue:`41440`.)
 
 Add a new function :func:`os.eventfd` and related helpers to wrap the
 ``eventfd2`` syscall on Linux.
 (Contributed by Christian Heimes in :issue:`41001`.)
 
-Add :func:`os.splice()` that allows to move data between two file
+Add :func:`os.splice` that allows to move data between two file
 descriptors without copying between kernel address space and user
 address space, where one of the file descriptors must refer to a
 pipe. (Contributed by Pablo Galindo in :issue:`41625`.)
@@ -1292,7 +1292,7 @@ functions in the :mod:`os` module.
 platform
 --------
 
-Add :func:`platform.freedesktop_os_release()` to retrieve operation system
+Add :func:`platform.freedesktop_os_release` to retrieve operation system
 identification from `freedesktop.org os-release
 <https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/os-release.html>`_ standard file.
 (Contributed by Christian Heimes in :issue:`28468`.)

Doc/whatsnew/3.12.rst

@@ -1422,9 +1422,9 @@ hashlib
 -------
 
 * Remove the pure Python implementation of :mod:`hashlib`'s
-  :func:`hashlib.pbkdf2_hmac()`, deprecated in Python 3.10. Python 3.10 and
+  :func:`hashlib.pbkdf2_hmac`, deprecated in Python 3.10. Python 3.10 and
   newer requires OpenSSL 1.1.1 (:pep:`644`): this OpenSSL version provides
-  a C implementation of :func:`~hashlib.pbkdf2_hmac()` which is faster.
+  a C implementation of :func:`~hashlib.pbkdf2_hmac` which is faster.
   (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`94199`.)
 
 importlib

Doc/whatsnew/3.14.rst

@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ pathlib
 pdb
 ---
 
-* Hard-coded breakpoints (:func:`breakpoint` and :func:`pdb.set_trace()`) now
+* Hard-coded breakpoints (:func:`breakpoint` and :func:`pdb.set_trace`) now
   reuse the most recent :class:`~pdb.Pdb` instance that calls
   :meth:`~pdb.Pdb.set_trace()`, instead of creating a new one each time.
   As a result, all the instance specific data like :pdbcmd:`display` and

Doc/whatsnew/3.2.rst

@@ -2321,7 +2321,7 @@ Multi-threading
   intervals and reduced overhead due to lock contention and the number of
   ensuing system calls.  The notion of a "check interval" to allow thread
   switches has been abandoned and replaced by an absolute duration expressed in
-  seconds.  This parameter is tunable through :func:`sys.setswitchinterval()`.
+  seconds.  This parameter is tunable through :func:`sys.setswitchinterval`.
   It currently defaults to 5 milliseconds.
 
   Additional details about the implementation can be read from a `python-dev

Doc/whatsnew/3.3.rst

@@ -779,8 +779,8 @@ Other Language Changes
 Some smaller changes made to the core Python language are:
 
 * Added support for Unicode name aliases and named sequences.
-  Both :func:`unicodedata.lookup()` and ``'\N{...}'`` now resolve name aliases,
+  Both :func:`unicodedata.lookup` and ``'\N{...}'`` now resolve name aliases,
-  and :func:`unicodedata.lookup()` resolves named sequences too.
+  and :func:`unicodedata.lookup` resolves named sequences too.
 
   (Contributed by Ezio Melotti in :issue:`12753`.)
 

Doc/whatsnew/3.4.rst

@@ -1967,7 +1967,7 @@ Other Improvements
 
 * The ``-R`` option to the :ref:`python regression test suite <regrtest>` now
   also checks for memory allocation leaks, using
-  :func:`sys.getallocatedblocks()`.  (Contributed by Antoine Pitrou in
+  :func:`sys.getallocatedblocks`.  (Contributed by Antoine Pitrou in
   :issue:`13390`.)
 
 * ``python -m`` now works with namespace packages.

Doc/whatsnew/3.6.rst

@@ -511,10 +511,10 @@ correct.
 Prior to Python 3.6, data loss could result when using bytes paths on Windows.
 With this change, using bytes to represent paths is now supported on Windows,
 provided those bytes are encoded with the encoding returned by
-:func:`sys.getfilesystemencoding()`, which now defaults to ``'utf-8'``.
+:func:`sys.getfilesystemencoding`, which now defaults to ``'utf-8'``.
 
 Applications that do not use str to represent paths should use
-:func:`os.fsencode()` and :func:`os.fsdecode()` to ensure their bytes are
+:func:`os.fsencode` and :func:`os.fsdecode` to ensure their bytes are
 correctly encoded. To revert to the previous behaviour, set
 :envvar:`PYTHONLEGACYWINDOWSFSENCODING` or call
 :func:`sys._enablelegacywindowsfsencoding`.
@@ -780,7 +780,7 @@ for managing secrets, such as account authentication, tokens, and similar.
 
   Note that the pseudo-random generators in the :mod:`random` module
   should *NOT* be used for security purposes.  Use :mod:`secrets`
-  on Python 3.6+ and :func:`os.urandom()` on Python 3.5 and earlier.
+  on Python 3.6+ and :func:`os.urandom` on Python 3.5 and earlier.
 
 .. seealso::
 
@@ -1316,7 +1316,7 @@ Storchaka in :issue:`24164`.)
 pickletools
 -----------
 
-:func:`pickletools.dis()` now outputs the implicit memo index for the
+:func:`pickletools.dis` now outputs the implicit memo index for the
 ``MEMOIZE`` opcode.
 (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :issue:`25382`.)
 

Doc/whatsnew/3.7.rst

@@ -2366,7 +2366,7 @@ Changes in the Python API
   positions 2--3.  To match only blank lines, the pattern should be rewritten
   as ``r'(?m)^[^\S\n]*$'``.
 
-  :func:`re.sub()` now replaces empty matches adjacent to a previous
+  :func:`re.sub` now replaces empty matches adjacent to a previous
   non-empty match.  For example ``re.sub('x*', '-', 'abxd')`` returns now
   ``'-a-b--d-'`` instead of ``'-a-b-d-'`` (the first minus between 'b' and
   'd' replaces 'x', and the second minus replaces an empty string between

Doc/whatsnew/3.8.rst

@@ -936,7 +936,7 @@ Add option ``--json-lines`` to parse every input line as a separate JSON object.
 logging
 -------
 
-Added a *force* keyword argument to :func:`logging.basicConfig()`
+Added a *force* keyword argument to :func:`logging.basicConfig`
 When set to true, any existing handlers attached
 to the root logger are removed and closed before carrying out the
 configuration specified by the other arguments.
@@ -1175,8 +1175,8 @@ convenience functions to automate the necessary tasks usually involved when
 creating a server socket, including accepting both IPv4 and IPv6 connections
 on the same socket.  (Contributed by Giampaolo Rodolà in :issue:`17561`.)
 
-The :func:`socket.if_nameindex()`, :func:`socket.if_nametoindex()`, and
+The :func:`socket.if_nameindex`, :func:`socket.if_nametoindex`, and
-:func:`socket.if_indextoname()` functions have been implemented on Windows.
+:func:`socket.if_indextoname` functions have been implemented on Windows.
 (Contributed by Zackery Spytz in :issue:`37007`.)
 
 
@@ -1193,10 +1193,10 @@ statistics
 ----------
 
 Added :func:`statistics.fmean` as a faster, floating-point variant of
-:func:`statistics.mean()`.  (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger and
+:func:`statistics.mean`.  (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger and
 Steven D'Aprano in :issue:`35904`.)
 
-Added :func:`statistics.geometric_mean()`
+Added :func:`statistics.geometric_mean`
 (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :issue:`27181`.)
 
 Added :func:`statistics.multimode` that returns a list of the most
@@ -1367,9 +1367,9 @@ Added :class:`~unittest.mock.AsyncMock` to support an asynchronous version of
 have been added as well.
 (Contributed by Lisa Roach in :issue:`26467`).
 
-Added :func:`~unittest.addModuleCleanup()` and
+Added :func:`~unittest.addModuleCleanup` and
 :meth:`~unittest.TestCase.addClassCleanup()` to unittest to support
-cleanups for :func:`~unittest.setUpModule()` and
+cleanups for :func:`~unittest.setUpModule` and
 :meth:`~unittest.TestCase.setUpClass()`.
 (Contributed by Lisa Roach in :issue:`24412`.)
 
@@ -1432,7 +1432,7 @@ and ``{namespace}*`` which returns all tags in the given namespace.
 (Contributed by Stefan Behnel in :issue:`28238`.)
 
 The :mod:`xml.etree.ElementTree` module provides a new function
-:func:`–xml.etree.ElementTree.canonicalize()` that implements C14N 2.0.
+:func:`–xml.etree.ElementTree.canonicalize` that implements C14N 2.0.
 (Contributed by Stefan Behnel in :issue:`13611`.)
 
 The target object of :class:`xml.etree.ElementTree.XMLParser` can

Doc/whatsnew/3.9.rst

@@ -983,7 +983,7 @@ Removed
   (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`37312`.)
 
 * ``aifc.openfp()`` alias to ``aifc.open()``, ``sunau.openfp()`` alias to
-  ``sunau.open()``, and ``wave.openfp()`` alias to :func:`wave.open()` have been
+  ``sunau.open()``, and ``wave.openfp()`` alias to :func:`wave.open` have been
   removed. They were deprecated since Python 3.7.
   (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :issue:`37320`.)
 

Misc/HISTORY

@@ -5590,7 +5590,7 @@ Library
 - Issue #16248: Disable code execution from the user's home directory by
   tkinter when the -E flag is passed to Python.  Patch by Zachary Ware.
 
-- Issue #13390: New function :func:`sys.getallocatedblocks()` returns the
+- Issue #13390: New function :func:`sys.getallocatedblocks` returns the
   number of memory blocks currently allocated.
 
 - Issue #16628: Fix a memory leak in ctypes.resize().
@@ -6157,7 +6157,7 @@ Tests
   starting with a ".".  Patch by Sebastian Kreft.
 
 - Issue #13390: The ``-R`` option to regrtest now also checks for memory
-  allocation leaks, using :func:`sys.getallocatedblocks()`.
+  allocation leaks, using :func:`sys.getallocatedblocks`.
 
 - Issue #16559: Add more tests for the json module, including some from the
   official test suite at json.org.  Patch by Serhiy Storchaka.

Misc/NEWS.d/3.10.0a1.rst

@@ -1499,7 +1499,7 @@ used to cause ZeroDivisionError now cause an OverflowError instead.
 .. nonce: rju34k
 .. section: Library
 
-Add :func:`os.cpu_count()` support for VxWorks RTOS.
+Add :func:`os.cpu_count` support for VxWorks RTOS.
 
 ..
 

Misc/NEWS.d/3.10.0a3.rst

@@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ object belongs to, potentially breaking the unpickling of those objects.
 
 Simplify the :mod:`importlib` external bootstrap code:
 ``importlib._bootstrap_external`` now uses regular imports to import builtin
-modules. When it is imported, the builtin :func:`__import__()` function is
+modules. When it is imported, the builtin :func:`__import__` function is
 already fully working and so can be used to import builtin modules like
 :mod:`sys`. Patch by Victor Stinner.
 
@@ -517,8 +517,8 @@ Port the ``_signal`` extension module to the multi-phase initialization API
 .. nonce: Wh5svI
 .. section: Library
 
-:func:`time.time()`, :func:`time.perf_counter()` and
+:func:`time.time`, :func:`time.perf_counter` and
-:func:`time.monotonic()` functions can no longer fail with a Python fatal
+:func:`time.monotonic` functions can no longer fail with a Python fatal
 error, instead raise a regular Python exception on failure.
 
 ..
@@ -550,10 +550,10 @@ deduplicate, use type to cache key). Patch provided by Yurii Karabas.
 .. nonce: iDbHrw
 .. section: Library
 
-:func:`time.perf_counter()` on Windows and :func:`time.monotonic()` on macOS
+:func:`time.perf_counter` on Windows and :func:`time.monotonic` on macOS
 are now system-wide. Previously, they used an offset computed at startup to
 reduce the precision loss caused by the float type. Use
-:func:`time.perf_counter_ns()` and :func:`time.monotonic_ns()` added in
+:func:`time.perf_counter_ns` and :func:`time.monotonic_ns` added in
 Python 3.7 to avoid this precision loss.
 
 ..

Misc/NEWS.d/3.10.0a4.rst

@@ -709,7 +709,7 @@ directories.
 .. nonce: ek38d_
 .. section: Library
 
-Add :func:`os.set_blocking()` support for VxWorks RTOS.
+Add :func:`os.set_blocking` support for VxWorks RTOS.
 
 ..
 

Misc/NEWS.d/3.10.0a7.rst

@@ -654,7 +654,7 @@ support importlib.invalidate_caches(). Patch by Desmond Cheong.
 .. nonce: 3r0HFY
 .. section: Library
 
-Fail fast in :func:`shutil.move()` to avoid creating destination directories
+Fail fast in :func:`shutil.move` to avoid creating destination directories
 on failure.
 
 ..
@@ -701,8 +701,8 @@ sessions in :mod:`pdb`'s interactive mode.
 When the :data:`tempfile.tempdir` global variable is set to a value of type
 bytes, it is now handled consistently.  Previously exceptions could be
 raised from some tempfile APIs when the directory did not already exist in
-this situation.  Also ensures that the :func:`tempfile.gettempdir()` and
+this situation.  Also ensures that the :func:`tempfile.gettempdir` and
-:func:`tempfile.gettempdirb()` functions *always* return ``str`` and
+:func:`tempfile.gettempdirb` functions *always* return ``str`` and
 ``bytes`` respectively.
 
 ..

Misc/NEWS.d/3.10.0b1.rst

@@ -958,7 +958,7 @@ Patch by Jelle Zijlstra.
 .. nonce: nnVd3h
 .. section: Library
 
-Add an ``encoding`` parameter :func:`logging.fileConfig()`.
+Add an ``encoding`` parameter :func:`logging.fileConfig`.
 
 ..
 
@@ -1270,7 +1270,7 @@ Fix thread locks in zlib module may go wrong in rare case. Patch by Ma Lin.
 .. nonce: oi6Kdb
 .. section: Library
 
-Fix dataclasses with ``InitVar``\s and :func:`~dataclasses.replace()`. Patch
+Fix dataclasses with ``InitVar``\s and :func:`~dataclasses.replace`. Patch
 by Claudiu Popa.
 
 ..
@@ -1310,7 +1310,7 @@ functions in the :mod:`os` module.
 .. nonce: 9adF3E
 .. section: Library
 
-:func:`os.path.expanduser()` now refuses to guess Windows home directories
+:func:`os.path.expanduser` now refuses to guess Windows home directories
 if the basename of current user's home directory does not match their
 username.
 

Misc/NEWS.d/3.11.0a1.rst

@@ -2000,7 +2000,7 @@ during file extraction.
 .. nonce: roUl0G
 .. section: Library
 
-:mod:`subprocess` on Solaris now also uses :func:`os.posix_spawn()` for
+:mod:`subprocess` on Solaris now also uses :func:`os.posix_spawn` for
 better performance.
 
 ..

Misc/NEWS.d/3.11.0b1.rst

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ may have prevented Python-to-Python calls respecting PEP 523.
 .. nonce: -igcjS
 .. section: Core and Builtins
 
-Add a closure keyword-only parameter to :func:`exec()`. It can only be specified
+Add a closure keyword-only parameter to :func:`exec`. It can only be specified
 when exec-ing a code object that uses free variables. When specified, it
 must be a tuple, with exactly the number of cell variables referenced by the
 code object. closure has a default value of ``None``, and it must be ``None`` if the

Misc/NEWS.d/3.12.0a1.rst

@@ -3221,9 +3221,9 @@ Stinner.
 .. section: Library
 
 :mod:`hashlib`: Remove the pure Python implementation of
-:func:`hashlib.pbkdf2_hmac()`, deprecated in Python 3.10. Python 3.10 and
+:func:`hashlib.pbkdf2_hmac`, deprecated in Python 3.10. Python 3.10 and
 newer requires OpenSSL 1.1.1 (:pep:`644`): this OpenSSL version provides a C
-implementation of :func:`~hashlib.pbkdf2_hmac()` which is faster. Patch by
+implementation of :func:`~hashlib.pbkdf2_hmac` which is faster. Patch by
 Victor Stinner.
 
 ..

Misc/NEWS.d/3.12.0a2.rst

@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ Remove modules :mod:`!asyncore` and :mod:`!asynchat`, which were deprecated by
 .. section: Library
 
 Fix handling of ``bytes`` :term:`path-like objects <path-like object>` in
-:func:`os.ismount()`.
+:func:`os.ismount`.
 
 ..
 

Misc/NEWS.d/3.12.0a4.rst

@@ -611,8 +611,8 @@ random.expovariate().
 .. nonce: bgtzMV
 .. section: Library
 
-A :exc:`DeprecationWarning` may be raised when :func:`os.fork()` or
+A :exc:`DeprecationWarning` may be raised when :func:`os.fork` or
-:func:`os.forkpty()` is called from multi-threaded processes.  Forking with
+:func:`os.forkpty` is called from multi-threaded processes.  Forking with
 threads is unsafe and can cause deadlocks, crashes and subtle problems. Lack
 of a warning does not indicate that the fork call was actually safe, as
 Python may not be aware of all threads.

Misc/NEWS.d/3.12.0a5.rst

@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ It must not drop the ``Unpack`` part.
 .. nonce: wz4Xgc
 .. section: Library
 
-Add :func:`os.path.splitroot()`, which splits a path into a 3-item tuple
+Add :func:`os.path.splitroot`, which splits a path into a 3-item tuple
 ``(drive, root, tail)``. This new function is used by :mod:`pathlib` to
 improve the performance of path construction by up to a third.
 

Misc/NEWS.d/3.12.0a7.rst

@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ Aasland.
 .. nonce: DqNehf
 .. section: Library
 
-Pure python :func:`locale.getencoding()` will not warn deprecation.
+Pure python :func:`locale.getencoding` will not warn deprecation.
 
 ..
 

Misc/NEWS.d/3.13.0a1.rst

@@ -5148,7 +5148,7 @@ frame did not save the PC`` is found. Patch by Victor Stinner.
 .. nonce: qxI4OG
 .. section: Tests
 
-libregrtest now calls :func:`random.seed()` before running each test file
+libregrtest now calls :func:`random.seed` before running each test file
 when ``-r/--randomize`` command line option is used. Moreover, it's also
 called in worker processes.  It should help to make tests more
 deterministic. Previously, it was only called once in the main process

Misc/NEWS.d/3.13.0a2.rst

@@ -632,8 +632,8 @@ Add extra argument validation for ``alias`` command in :mod:`pdb`
 .. nonce: FWqZIU
 .. section: Library
 
-:mod:`time`: Make :func:`time.clock_gettime()` and
+:mod:`time`: Make :func:`time.clock_gettime` and
-:func:`time.clock_gettime_ns()` functions up to 2x faster by faster calling
+:func:`time.clock_gettime_ns` functions up to 2x faster by faster calling
 convention. Patch by Victor Stinner.
 
 ..
@@ -674,7 +674,7 @@ Unix socket when the server is closed.
 .. nonce: Bc8LvA
 .. section: Library
 
-Added :func:`io.text_encoding()`, :data:`io.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE`, and
+Added :func:`io.text_encoding`, :data:`io.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE`, and
 :class:`io.IncrementalNewlineDecoder` to ``io.__all__``.
 
 ..
@@ -736,7 +736,7 @@ which allows to format :exc:`ExceptionGroup` instances.
 .. nonce: 5ePgFl
 .. section: Library
 
-Another attempt at fixing :func:`asyncio.Server.wait_closed()`. It now
+Another attempt at fixing :func:`asyncio.Server.wait_closed`. It now
 blocks until both conditions are true: the server is closed, *and* there are
 no more active connections. (This means that in some cases where in 3.12.0
 this function would *incorrectly* have returned immediately, it will now
@@ -880,7 +880,7 @@ Make :mod:`pdb` enter post-mortem mode even for :exc:`SyntaxError`
 .. nonce: _M-cQC
 .. section: Library
 
-Set ``f_trace_lines = True`` on all frames upon :func:`pdb.set_trace()`
+Set ``f_trace_lines = True`` on all frames upon :func:`pdb.set_trace`
 
 ..
 

Misc/NEWS.d/3.13.0a3.rst

@@ -555,7 +555,7 @@ Added :data:`mmap.MAP_NORESERVE`, :data:`mmap.MAP_NOEXTEND`,
 .. nonce: kXoCy0
 .. section: Library
 
-:func:`asyncio.TaskGroup()` and :func:`asyncio.timeout()` context managers
+:func:`asyncio.TaskGroup` and :func:`asyncio.timeout` context managers
 now handle :exc:`~asyncio.CancelledError` subclasses as well as exact
 :exc:`!CancelledError`.
 
@@ -607,7 +607,7 @@ with the documentation)
 .. nonce: xN2LuL
 .. section: Library
 
-:func:`asyncio.Condition.wait()` now re-raises the same
+:func:`asyncio.Condition.wait` now re-raises the same
 :exc:`CancelledError` instance that may have caused it to be interrupted.
 Fixed race condition in :func:`asyncio.Semaphore.acquire` when interrupted
 with a :exc:`CancelledError`.
@@ -1805,7 +1805,7 @@ size.
 .. nonce: xPOBBY
 .. section: Library
 
-:func:`warnings.filterwarnings()` and :func:`warnings.simplefilter()` now
+:func:`warnings.filterwarnings` and :func:`warnings.simplefilter` now
 raise appropriate exceptions instead of ``AssertionError``. Patch
 contributed by Rémi Lapeyre.
 

Misc/NEWS.d/3.13.0a4.rst

@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ for decorated functions.
 .. nonce: RzxNYT
 .. section: Library
 
-Fix several :func:`format()` bugs when using the C implementation of
+Fix several :func:`format` bugs when using the C implementation of
 :class:`~decimal.Decimal`: * memory leak in some rare cases when using the
 ``z`` format option (coerce negative 0) * incorrect output when applying the
 ``z`` format option to type ``F`` (fixed-point with capital ``NAN`` /
@@ -1283,7 +1283,7 @@ Update macOS installer to use OpenSSL 3.0.13.
 .. nonce: FrQOQ0
 .. section: macOS
 
-Add Mach-O linkage support for :func:`platform.architecture()`.
+Add Mach-O linkage support for :func:`platform.architecture`.
 
 ..
 

Misc/NEWS.d/3.13.0a5.rst

@@ -446,7 +446,7 @@ regardless of *lineterminator* value.
 .. section: Library
 
 Restore support of space delimiter with ``skipinitialspace=True`` in
-:mod:`csv`. :func:`csv.writer()` now quotes empty fields if delimiter is a
+:mod:`csv`. :func:`csv.writer` now quotes empty fields if delimiter is a
 space and skipinitialspace is true and raises exception if quoting is not
 possible.
 
@@ -606,10 +606,10 @@ is complete.
 .. nonce: SQ998l
 .. section: Library
 
-:func:`posixpath.commonpath()` now raises a :exc:`ValueError` exception when
+:func:`posixpath.commonpath` now raises a :exc:`ValueError` exception when
 passed an empty iterable. Previously, :exc:`IndexError` was raised.
 
-:func:`posixpath.commonpath()` now raises a :exc:`TypeError` exception when
+:func:`posixpath.commonpath` now raises a :exc:`TypeError` exception when
 passed ``None``. Previously, :exc:`ValueError` was raised.
 
 ..

Misc/NEWS.d/3.13.0a6.rst

@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ Improve performance of :func:`os.path.join` and :func:`os.path.expanduser`.
 .. nonce: hqk9Hn
 .. section: Library
 
-Raise :exc:`TypeError` for non-paths in :func:`posixpath.relpath()`.
+Raise :exc:`TypeError` for non-paths in :func:`posixpath.relpath`.
 
 ..
 
@@ -582,7 +582,7 @@ in other tests (like importlib.resources).
 .. nonce: LV16SL
 .. section: Library
 
-On Windows, :func:`time.time()` now uses the
+On Windows, :func:`time.time` now uses the
 ``GetSystemTimePreciseAsFileTime()`` clock to have a resolution better than
 1 us, instead of the ``GetSystemTimeAsFileTime()`` clock which has a
 resolution of 15.6 ms. Patch by Victor Stinner.
@@ -673,14 +673,14 @@ fused multiply-add function. Patch by Mark Dickinson and Victor Stinner.
 .. section: Library
 
 The :mod:`importlib.resources` functions
-:func:`~importlib.resources.is_resource()`,
+:func:`~importlib.resources.is_resource`,
-:func:`~importlib.resources.open_binary()`,
+:func:`~importlib.resources.open_binary`,
-:func:`~importlib.resources.open_text()`,
+:func:`~importlib.resources.open_text`,
-:func:`~importlib.resources.path()`,
+:func:`~importlib.resources.path`,
-:func:`~importlib.resources.read_binary()`, and
+:func:`~importlib.resources.read_binary`, and
-:func:`~importlib.resources.read_text()` are un-deprecated, and support
+:func:`~importlib.resources.read_text` are un-deprecated, and support
 subdirectories via multiple positional arguments. The
-:func:`~importlib.resources.contents()` function also allows subdirectories,
+:func:`~importlib.resources.contents` function also allows subdirectories,
 but remains deprecated.
 
 ..
@@ -1061,7 +1061,7 @@ when available. Contributed by vxiiduu.
 .. nonce: Bwfmp7
 .. section: Windows
 
-On Windows, :func:`time.monotonic()` now uses the
+On Windows, :func:`time.monotonic` now uses the
 ``QueryPerformanceCounter()`` clock to have a resolution better than 1 us,
 instead of the ``GetTickCount64()`` clock which has a resolution of 15.6 ms.
 Patch by Victor Stinner.

Misc/NEWS.d/3.13.0b1.rst

@@ -1213,7 +1213,7 @@ changed from ``'r'`` to ``'rb'``.
 .. nonce: eeS6w7
 .. section: Library
 
-Fix :func:`inspect.signature()` to correctly handle parameter defaults on
+Fix :func:`inspect.signature` to correctly handle parameter defaults on
 methods in extension modules that use names defined in the module namespace.
 
 ..

Misc/NEWS.d/3.6.5rc1.rst

@@ -474,7 +474,7 @@ platforms with OpenSSL 1.0.2+ or inet_pton.
 .. nonce: ideco
 .. section: Library
 
-:func:`urllib.parse.urlsplit()` does not convert zone-id (scope) to lower
+:func:`urllib.parse.urlsplit` does not convert zone-id (scope) to lower
 case for scoped IPv6 addresses in hostnames now.
 
 ..

Misc/NEWS.d/3.7.0a4.rst

@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@ loop.getaddrinfo, loop.getnameinfo.
 .. nonce: ideco
 .. section: Library
 
-:func:`urllib.parse.urlsplit()` does not convert zone-id (scope) to lower
+:func:`urllib.parse.urlsplit` does not convert zone-id (scope) to lower
 case for scoped IPv6 addresses in hostnames now.
 
 ..
@@ -463,7 +463,7 @@ Fix ``stop_serving`` in asyncio proactor loop kill all listening servers
 .. nonce: CUbsb2
 .. section: Library
 
-:func:`re.sub()` now replaces empty matches adjacent to a previous non-empty
+:func:`re.sub` now replaces empty matches adjacent to a previous non-empty
 match.
 
 ..

Misc/NEWS.d/3.7.0b2.rst

@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ collections.ChainMap() preserves the order of the underlying mappings.
 .. nonce: -T77_c
 .. section: Library
 
-:func:`fnmatch.translate()` no longer produces patterns which contain set
+:func:`fnmatch.translate` no longer produces patterns which contain set
 operations. Sets starting with '[' or containing '--', '&&', '~~' or '||'
 will be interpreted differently in regular expressions in future versions.
 Currently they emit warnings. fnmatch.translate() now avoids producing

Misc/NEWS.d/3.7.0b4.rst

@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ End framing at the end of C implementation of :func:`pickle.Pickler.dump`.
 .. section: Library
 
 Improved error handling and fixed a reference leak in
-:func:`os.posix_spawn()`.
+:func:`os.posix_spawn`.
 
 ..
 

Misc/NEWS.d/3.8.0a1.rst

@@ -625,7 +625,7 @@ Spytz.
 
 The C function ``property_descr_get()`` uses a "cached" tuple to optimize
 function calls. But this tuple can be discovered in debug mode with
-:func:`sys.getobjects()`. Remove the optimization, it's not really worth it
+:func:`sys.getobjects`. Remove the optimization, it's not really worth it
 and it causes 3 different crashes last years.
 
 ..
@@ -3211,9 +3211,9 @@ bytes objects. (microoptimization)
 .. nonce: i-F_E5
 .. section: Library
 
-Add :func:`~unittest.addModuleCleanup()` and
+Add :func:`~unittest.addModuleCleanup` and
 :meth:`~unittest.TestCase.addClassCleanup()` to unittest to support cleanups
-for :func:`~unittest.setUpModule()` and
+for :func:`~unittest.setUpModule` and
 :meth:`~unittest.TestCase.setUpClass()`. Patch by Lisa Roach.
 
 ..
@@ -3458,7 +3458,7 @@ Running the :mod:`trace` module no longer creates the ``trace.cover`` file.
 .. section: Library
 
 Fix crash when an ``ABC``-derived class with invalid ``__subclasses__`` is
-passed as the second argument to :func:`issubclass()`. Patch by Alexey
+passed as the second argument to :func:`issubclass`. Patch by Alexey
 Izbyshev.
 
 ..
@@ -5269,7 +5269,7 @@ performance and smaller size compared to protocol 3 introduced in Python
 .. section: Library
 
 Improved error handling and fixed a reference leak in
-:func:`os.posix_spawn()`.
+:func:`os.posix_spawn`.
 
 ..
 
@@ -5857,7 +5857,7 @@ collections.ChainMap() preserves the order of the underlying mappings.
 .. nonce: -T77_c
 .. section: Library
 
-:func:`fnmatch.translate()` no longer produces patterns which contain set
+:func:`fnmatch.translate` no longer produces patterns which contain set
 operations. Sets starting with '[' or containing '--', '&&', '~~' or '||'
 will be interpreted differently in regular expressions in future versions.
 Currently they emit warnings. fnmatch.translate() now avoids producing

Misc/NEWS.d/3.8.0b1.rst

@@ -176,8 +176,8 @@ Added new ``replace()`` method to the code type (:class:`types.CodeType`).
 .. nonce: d1SOtF
 .. section: Core and Builtins
 
-Implement :func:`socket.if_nameindex()`, :func:`socket.if_nametoindex()`,
+Implement :func:`socket.if_nameindex`, :func:`socket.if_nametoindex`,
-and :func:`socket.if_indextoname()` on Windows.
+and :func:`socket.if_indextoname` on Windows.
 
 ..
 

Misc/NEWS.d/3.9.0a1.rst

@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ exception in :meth:`float.__getformat__`.
 .. nonce: 9-vKtO
 .. section: Core and Builtins
 
-Optimized :func:`math.floor()`, :func:`math.ceil()` and :func:`math.trunc()`
+Optimized :func:`math.floor`, :func:`math.ceil` and :func:`math.trunc`
 for floats.
 
 ..
@@ -2990,7 +2990,7 @@ mode.
 .. nonce: FRGH4I
 .. section: Library
 
-:func:`ctypes.create_unicode_buffer()` now also supports non-BMP characters
+:func:`ctypes.create_unicode_buffer` now also supports non-BMP characters
 on platforms with 16-bit :c:type:`wchar_t` (for example, Windows and AIX).
 
 ..
@@ -3054,7 +3054,7 @@ Change the format of feature_version to be a (major, minor) tuple.
 .. nonce: 5_mJkQ
 .. section: Library
 
-Eliminate :exc:`RuntimeError` raised by :func:`asyncio.all_tasks()` if
+Eliminate :exc:`RuntimeError` raised by :func:`asyncio.all_tasks` if
 internal tasks weak set is changed by another thread during iteration.
 
 ..
@@ -3536,7 +3536,7 @@ Add :meth:`~pathlib.Path.readlink`. Patch by Girts Folkmanis.
 .. nonce: La3TZz
 .. section: Library
 
-Made :func:`urllib.parse.unquote()` accept bytes in addition to strings.
+Made :func:`urllib.parse.unquote` accept bytes in addition to strings.
 Patch by Stein Karlsen.
 
 ..

Misc/NEWS.d/3.9.0a5.rst

@@ -548,7 +548,7 @@ large for an AF_UNIX socket address. Patch by Pablo Galindo.
 .. nonce: mxr5m8
 .. section: Library
 
-:func:`ast.dump()` no longer outputs optional fields and attributes with
+:func:`ast.dump` no longer outputs optional fields and attributes with
 default values. The default values for optional fields and attributes of AST
 nodes are now set as class attributes (e.g. ``Constant.kind`` is set to
 ``None``).

Misc/NEWS.d/3.9.0a6.rst

@@ -866,7 +866,7 @@ of source of the class. Patch by Karthikeyan Singaravelan.
 .. nonce: vHC7YQ
 .. section: Library
 
-Deprecate passing None as an argument for :func:`shlex.split()`'s ``s``
+Deprecate passing None as an argument for :func:`shlex.split`'s ``s``
 parameter.  Patch by Zackery Spytz.
 
 ..

Misc/NEWS.d/next/Core and Builtins/2024-07-24-17-11-51.gh-issue-122234.VxsP_F.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Specializations for sums with float and complex inputs in :func:`sum()` now
+Specializations for sums with float and complex inputs in :func:`sum` now
 always use compensated summation.  Also, for integer items in above
 specializations: :c:func:`PyLong_AsDouble` is used, instead of
 :c:func:`PyLong_AsLongAndOverflow`.  Patch by Sergey B Kirpichev.

Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2024-06-08-09-45-31.gh-issue-120244.8o9Dzr.rst

@@ -1 +1 @@
-Fix memory leak in :func:`re.sub()` when the replacement string contains backreferences.
+Fix memory leak in :func:`re.sub` when the replacement string contains backreferences.

Misc/NEWS.d/next/Library/2024-07-06-23-39-38.gh-issue-121450.vGqb3c.rst

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Hard-coded breakpoints (:func:`breakpoint` and :func:`pdb.set_trace()`) now
+Hard-coded breakpoints (:func:`breakpoint` and :func:`pdb.set_trace`) now
 reuse the most recent ``Pdb`` instance that calls ``Pdb.set_trace()``,
 instead of creating a new one each time. As a result, all the instance specific
 data like ``display`` and ``commands`` are preserved across Hard-coded breakpoints.