From 05235e3c16d755e292ebf6e2bd6c4903bb6849b9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Adam Turner <9087854+AA-Turner@users.noreply.github.com> Date: Mon, 16 Sep 2024 18:03:46 +0100 Subject: [PATCH] GH-109975: Copyedit 3.13 What's New: New Deprecations (#123845) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Co-authored-by: Hugo van Kemenade <1324225+hugovk@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: Bénédikt Tran <10796600+picnixz@users.noreply.github.com> --- Doc/deprecations/pending-removal-in-3.15.rst | 95 ++++--- Doc/deprecations/pending-removal-in-3.16.rst | 44 ++- Doc/whatsnew/3.13.rst | 276 +++++++++++-------- 3 files changed, 251 insertions(+), 164 deletions(-) diff --git a/Doc/deprecations/pending-removal-in-3.15.rst b/Doc/deprecations/pending-removal-in-3.15.rst index 5374e871a9d..f7145a85bd2 100644 --- a/Doc/deprecations/pending-removal-in-3.15.rst +++ b/Doc/deprecations/pending-removal-in-3.15.rst @@ -1,57 +1,68 @@ Pending Removal in Python 3.15 ------------------------------ -* :class:`http.server.CGIHTTPRequestHandler` will be removed along with its - related ``--cgi`` flag to ``python -m http.server``. It was obsolete and - rarely used. No direct replacement exists. *Anything* is better than CGI - to interface a web server with a request handler. +* :mod:`ctypes`: -* :class:`locale`: :func:`locale.getdefaultlocale` was deprecated in Python 3.11 - and originally planned for removal in Python 3.13 (:gh:`90817`), - but removal has been postponed to Python 3.15. - Use :func:`locale.setlocale`, :func:`locale.getencoding` and - :func:`locale.getlocale` instead. - (Contributed by Hugo van Kemenade in :gh:`111187`.) + * The undocumented :func:`!ctypes.SetPointerType` function + has been deprecated since Python 3.13. + +* :mod:`http.server`: + + * The obsolete and rarely used :class:`~http.server.CGIHTTPRequestHandler` + has been deprecated since Python 3.13. + No direct replacement exists. + *Anything* is better than CGI to interface + a web server with a request handler. + + * The :option:`!--cgi` flag to the :program:`python -m http.server` + command-line interface has been deprecated since Python 3.13. + +* :class:`locale`: + + * The :func:`~locale.getdefaultlocale` function + has been deprecated since Python 3.11. + Its removal was originally planned for Python 3.13 (:gh:`90817`), + but has been postponed to Python 3.15. + Use :func:`~locale.getlocale`, :func:`~locale.setlocale`, + and :func:`~locale.getencoding` instead. + (Contributed by Hugo van Kemenade in :gh:`111187`.) * :mod:`pathlib`: - :meth:`pathlib.PurePath.is_reserved` is deprecated and scheduled for - removal in Python 3.15. Use :func:`os.path.isreserved` to detect reserved - paths on Windows. + + * :meth:`.PurePath.is_reserved` + has been deprecated since Python 3.13. + Use :func:`os.path.isreserved` to detect reserved paths on Windows. * :mod:`platform`: - :func:`~platform.java_ver` is deprecated and will be removed in 3.15. - It was largely untested, had a confusing API, - and was only useful for Jython support. - (Contributed by Nikita Sobolev in :gh:`116349`.) + + * :func:`~platform.java_ver` has been deprecated since Python 3.13. + This function is only useful for Jython support, has a confusing API, + and is largely untested. * :mod:`threading`: - Passing any arguments to :func:`threading.RLock` is now deprecated. - C version allows any numbers of args and kwargs, - but they are just ignored. Python version does not allow any arguments. - All arguments will be removed from :func:`threading.RLock` in Python 3.15. - (Contributed by Nikita Sobolev in :gh:`102029`.) -* :class:`typing.NamedTuple`: + * :func:`~threading.RLock` will take no arguments in Python 3.15. + Passing any arguments has been deprecated since Python 3.14, + as the Python version does not permit any arguments, + but the C version allows any number of positional or keyword arguments, + ignoring every argument. - * The undocumented keyword argument syntax for creating :class:`!NamedTuple` classes - (``NT = NamedTuple("NT", x=int)``) is deprecated, and will be disallowed in - 3.15. Use the class-based syntax or the functional syntax instead. +* :mod:`typing`: - * When using the functional syntax to create a :class:`!NamedTuple` class, failing to - pass a value to the *fields* parameter (``NT = NamedTuple("NT")``) is - deprecated. Passing ``None`` to the *fields* parameter - (``NT = NamedTuple("NT", None)``) is also deprecated. Both will be - disallowed in Python 3.15. To create a :class:`!NamedTuple` class with 0 fields, use - ``class NT(NamedTuple): pass`` or ``NT = NamedTuple("NT", [])``. + * The undocumented keyword argument syntax for creating + :class:`~typing.NamedTuple` classes + (e.g. ``Point = NamedTuple("Point", x=int, y=int)``) + has been deprecated since Python 3.13. + Use the class-based syntax or the functional syntax instead. -* :class:`typing.TypedDict`: When using the functional syntax to create a - :class:`!TypedDict` class, failing to pass a value to the *fields* parameter (``TD = - TypedDict("TD")``) is deprecated. Passing ``None`` to the *fields* parameter - (``TD = TypedDict("TD", None)``) is also deprecated. Both will be disallowed - in Python 3.15. To create a :class:`!TypedDict` class with 0 fields, use ``class - TD(TypedDict): pass`` or ``TD = TypedDict("TD", {})``. + * The :func:`typing.no_type_check_decorator` decorator function + has been deprecated since Python 3.13. + After eight years in the :mod:`typing` module, + it has yet to be supported by any major type checker. -* :mod:`wave`: Deprecate the ``getmark()``, ``setmark()`` and ``getmarkers()`` - methods of the :class:`wave.Wave_read` and :class:`wave.Wave_write` classes. - They will be removed in Python 3.15. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105096`.) +* :mod:`wave`: + + * The :meth:`~wave.Wave_read.getmark`, :meth:`!setmark`, + and :meth:`~wave.Wave_read.getmarkers` methods of + the :class:`~wave.Wave_read` and :class:`~wave.Wave_write` classes + have been deprecated since Python 3.13. diff --git a/Doc/deprecations/pending-removal-in-3.16.rst b/Doc/deprecations/pending-removal-in-3.16.rst index e50e3fc1b37..446cc63cb34 100644 --- a/Doc/deprecations/pending-removal-in-3.16.rst +++ b/Doc/deprecations/pending-removal-in-3.16.rst @@ -1,18 +1,42 @@ Pending Removal in Python 3.16 ------------------------------ -* :mod:`array`: - :class:`array.array` ``'u'`` type (:c:type:`wchar_t`): - use the ``'w'`` type instead (``Py_UCS4``). - * :mod:`builtins`: - ``~bool``, bitwise inversion on bool. + + * Bitwise inversion on boolean types, ``~True`` or ``~False`` + has been deprecated since Python 3.12, + as it produces surprising and unintuitive results (``-2`` and ``-1``). + Use ``not x`` instead for the logical negation of a Boolean. + In the rare case that you need the bitwise inversion of + the underlying integer, convert to ``int`` explicitly (``~int(x)``). + +* :mod:`array`: + + * The ``'u'`` format code (:c:type:`wchar_t`) + has been deprecated in documentation since Python 3.3 + and at runtime since Python 3.13. + Use the ``'w'`` format code (:c:type:`Py_UCS4`) + for Unicode characters instead. + +* :mod:`shutil`: + + * The :class:`!ExecError` exception + has been deprecated since Python 3.14. + It has not been used by any function in :mod:`!shutil` since Python 3.4, + and is now an alias of :exc:`RuntimeError`. * :mod:`symtable`: - Deprecate :meth:`symtable.Class.get_methods` due to the lack of interest. - (Contributed by Bénédikt Tran in :gh:`119698`.) -* :mod:`shutil`: Deprecate :class:`!shutil.ExecError`, which hasn't - been raised by any :mod:`!shutil` function since Python 3.4. It's - now an alias for :exc:`RuntimeError`. + * The :meth:`Class.get_methods ` method + has been deprecated since Python 3.14. +* :mod:`sys`: + + * The :func:`~sys._enablelegacywindowsfsencoding` function + has been deprecated since Python 3.13. + Use the :envvar:`PYTHONLEGACYWINDOWSFSENCODING` environment variable instead. + +* :mod:`tarfile`: + + * The undocumented and unused :attr:`!TarFile.tarfile` attribute + has been deprecated since Python 3.13. diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/3.13.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/3.13.rst index 61a4399308a..4d1a10155c4 100644 --- a/Doc/whatsnew/3.13.rst +++ b/Doc/whatsnew/3.13.rst @@ -1644,6 +1644,10 @@ builtins the :attr:`!__wrapped__` attribute that was added in Python 3.10. (Contributed by Raymond Hettinger in :gh:`89519`.) +* Raise a :exc:`RuntimeError` when calling :meth:`frame.clear` + on a suspended frame (as has always been the case for an executing frame). + (Contributed by Irit Katriel in :gh:`79932`.) + configparser ------------ @@ -1784,151 +1788,199 @@ webbrowser New Deprecations ================ -* :mod:`array`: :mod:`array`'s ``'u'`` format code, deprecated in docs since Python 3.3, - emits :exc:`DeprecationWarning` since 3.13 - and will be removed in Python 3.16. - Use the ``'w'`` format code instead. - (Contributed by Hugo van Kemenade in :gh:`80480`.) +* :ref:`User-defined functions `: -* :mod:`ctypes`: Deprecate undocumented :func:`!ctypes.SetPointerType` - function. :term:`Soft-deprecate ` the :func:`ctypes.ARRAY` - function in favor of multiplication. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105733`.) + * Deprecate assignment to a function's :attr:`~function.__code__` attribute, + where the new code object's type does not match the function's type. + The different types are: + plain function, generator, async generator, and coroutine. + (Contributed by Irit Katriel in :gh:`81137`.) -* :mod:`decimal`: Deprecate non-standard format specifier "N" for - :class:`decimal.Decimal`. - It was not documented and only supported in the C implementation. - (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`89902`.) +* :mod:`array`: -* :mod:`dis`: The ``dis.HAVE_ARGUMENT`` separator is deprecated. Check - membership in :data:`~dis.hasarg` instead. - (Contributed by Irit Katriel in :gh:`109319`.) + * Deprecate the ``'u'`` format code (:c:type:`wchar_t`) at runtime. + This format code has been deprecated in documentation since Python 3.3, + and will be removed in Python 3.16. + Use the ``'w'`` format code (:c:type:`Py_UCS4`) + for Unicode characters instead. + (Contributed by Hugo van Kemenade in :gh:`80480`.) -* :ref:`frame-objects`: - Calling :meth:`frame.clear` on a suspended frame raises :exc:`RuntimeError` - (as has always been the case for an executing frame). - (Contributed by Irit Katriel in :gh:`79932`.) +* :mod:`ctypes`: -* :mod:`getopt` and :mod:`optparse` modules: They are now - :term:`soft deprecated`: the :mod:`argparse` module should be used for new projects. - Previously, the :mod:`optparse` module was already deprecated, its removal - was not scheduled, and no warnings was emitted: so there is no change in - practice. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`106535`.) + * Deprecate the undocumented :func:`!SetPointerType` function, + to be removed in Python 3.15. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105733`.) -* :mod:`gettext`: Emit deprecation warning for non-integer numbers in - :mod:`gettext` functions and methods that consider plural forms even if the - translation was not found. - (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`88434`.) + * :term:`Soft-deprecate ` the :func:`~ctypes.ARRAY` + function in favour of ``type * length`` multiplication. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105733`.) -* :mod:`glob`: The undocumented :func:`!glob.glob0` and :func:`!glob.glob1` - functions are deprecated. Use :func:`glob.glob` and pass a directory to its - *root_dir* argument instead. - (Contributed by Barney Gale in :gh:`117337`.) +* :mod:`decimal`: -* :mod:`http.server`: :class:`http.server.CGIHTTPRequestHandler` now emits a - :exc:`DeprecationWarning` as it will be removed in 3.15. Process-based CGI - HTTP servers have been out of favor for a very long time. This code was - outdated, unmaintained, and rarely used. It has a high potential for both - security and functionality bugs. This includes removal of the ``--cgi`` - flag to the ``python -m http.server`` command line in 3.15. + * Deprecate the non-standard and undocumented :class:`~decimal.Decimal` + format specifier ``'N'``, + which is only supported in the :mod:`!decimal` module's C implementation. + (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`89902`.) -* :mod:`mimetypes`: Passing file path instead of URL in :func:`~mimetypes.guess_type` is - :term:`soft deprecated`. Use :func:`~mimetypes.guess_file_type` instead. - (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`66543`.) +* :mod:`dis`: -* :mod:`re`: Passing optional arguments *maxsplit*, *count* and *flags* in module-level - functions :func:`re.split`, :func:`re.sub` and :func:`re.subn` as positional - arguments is now deprecated. In future Python versions these parameters will be - :ref:`keyword-only `. - (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`56166`.) + * Deprecate the :attr:`!HAVE_ARGUMENT` separator. + Check membership in :data:`~dis.hasarg` instead. + (Contributed by Irit Katriel in :gh:`109319`.) + +* :mod:`getopt` and :mod:`optparse`: + + * Both modules are now :term:`soft deprecated`, + with :mod:`argparse` preferred for new projects. + This is a new soft-deprecation for the :mod:`!getopt` module, + whereas the :mod:`!optparse` module was already *de facto* soft deprecated. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`106535`.) + +* :mod:`gettext`: + + * Deprecate non-integer numbers as arguments to functions and methods + that consider plural forms in the :mod:`!gettext` module, + even if no translation was found. + (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`88434`.) + +* :mod:`glob`: + + * Deprecate the undocumented :func:`!glob0` and :func:`!glob1` functions. + Use :func:`~glob.glob` and pass a :term:`path-like object` specifying + the root directory to the *root_dir* parameter instead. + (Contributed by Barney Gale in :gh:`117337`.) + +* :mod:`http.server`: + + * Deprecate :class:`~http.server.CGIHTTPRequestHandler`, + to be removed in Python 3.15. + Process-based CGI HTTP servers have been out of favor for a very long time. + This code was outdated, unmaintained, and rarely used. + It has a high potential for both security and functionality bugs. + (Contributed by Gregory P. Smith in :gh:`109096`.) + + * Deprecate the :option:`!--cgi` flag to + the :program:`python -m http.server` command-line interface, + to be removed in Python 3.15. + (Contributed by Gregory P. Smith in :gh:`109096`.) + +* :mod:`mimetypes`: + + * :term:`Soft-deprecate ` file path arguments + to :func:`~mimetypes.guess_type`, + use :func:`~mimetypes.guess_file_type` instead. + (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`66543`.) + +* :mod:`re`: + + * Deprecate passing the optional *maxsplit*, *count*, or *flags* arguments + as positional arguments to the module-level + :func:`~re.split`, :func:`~re.sub`, and :func:`~re.subn` functions. + These parameters will become :ref:`keyword-only ` + in a future version of Python. + (Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`56166`.) * :mod:`pathlib`: - :meth:`pathlib.PurePath.is_reserved` is deprecated and scheduled for - removal in Python 3.15. Use :func:`os.path.isreserved` to detect reserved - paths on Windows. + + * Deprecate :meth:`.PurePath.is_reserved`, + to be removed in Python 3.15. + Use :func:`os.path.isreserved` to detect reserved paths on Windows. + (Contributed by Barney Gale in :gh:`88569`.) * :mod:`platform`: - :func:`~platform.java_ver` is deprecated and will be removed in 3.15. - It was largely untested, had a confusing API, - and was only useful for Jython support. - (Contributed by Nikita Sobolev in :gh:`116349`.) -* :mod:`pydoc`: Deprecate undocumented :func:`!pydoc.ispackage` function. - (Contributed by Zackery Spytz in :gh:`64020`.) + * Deprecate :func:`~platform.java_ver`, + to be removed in Python 3.15. + This function is only useful for Jython support, has a confusing API, + and is largely untested. + (Contributed by Nikita Sobolev in :gh:`116349`.) -* :mod:`sqlite3`: Passing more than one positional argument to - :func:`sqlite3.connect` and the :class:`sqlite3.Connection` constructor is - deprecated. The remaining parameters will become keyword-only in Python 3.15. +* :mod:`pydoc`: - Deprecate passing name, number of arguments, and the callable as keyword - arguments for the following :class:`sqlite3.Connection` APIs: + * Deprecate the undocumented :func:`!ispackage` function. + (Contributed by Zackery Spytz in :gh:`64020`.) - * :meth:`~sqlite3.Connection.create_function` - * :meth:`~sqlite3.Connection.create_aggregate` +* :mod:`sqlite3`: - Deprecate passing the callback callable by keyword for the following - :class:`sqlite3.Connection` APIs: + * Deprecate passing more than one positional argument to + the :func:`~sqlite3.connect` function + and the :class:`~sqlite3.Connection` constructor. + The remaining parameters will become keyword-only in Python 3.15. + (Contributed by Erlend E. Aasland in :gh:`107948`.) - * :meth:`~sqlite3.Connection.set_authorizer` - * :meth:`~sqlite3.Connection.set_progress_handler` - * :meth:`~sqlite3.Connection.set_trace_callback` + * Deprecate passing name, number of arguments, and the callable as keyword + arguments for :meth:`.Connection.create_function` + and :meth:`.Connection.create_aggregate` + These parameters will become positional-only in Python 3.15. + (Contributed by Erlend E. Aasland in :gh:`108278`.) - The affected parameters will become positional-only in Python 3.15. + * Deprecate passing the callback callable by keyword for the + :meth:`~sqlite3.Connection.set_authorizer`, + :meth:`~sqlite3.Connection.set_progress_handler`, and + :meth:`~sqlite3.Connection.set_trace_callback` + :class:`~sqlite3.Connection` methods. + The callback callables will become positional-only in Python 3.15. + (Contributed by Erlend E. Aasland in :gh:`108278`.) - (Contributed by Erlend E. Aasland in :gh:`107948` and :gh:`108278`.) +* :mod:`sys`: -* :mod:`sys`: The :func:`sys._enablelegacywindowsfsencoding` function is deprecated. - Replace it with the :envvar:`PYTHONLEGACYWINDOWSFSENCODING` environment variable. - (Contributed by Inada Naoki in :gh:`73427`.) + * Deprecate the :func:`~sys._enablelegacywindowsfsencoding` function, + to be removed in Python 3.16. + Use the :envvar:`PYTHONLEGACYWINDOWSFSENCODING` environment variable instead. + (Contributed by Inada Naoki in :gh:`73427`.) * :mod:`tarfile`: - The undocumented and unused ``tarfile`` attribute of :class:`tarfile.TarFile` - is deprecated and scheduled for removal in Python 3.16. -* :mod:`traceback`: The field *exc_type* of :class:`traceback.TracebackException` - is deprecated. Use *exc_type_str* instead. + * Deprecate the undocumented and unused :attr:`!TarFile.tarfile` attribute, + to be removed in Python 3.16. + (Contributed in :gh:`115256`.) + +* :mod:`traceback`: + + * Deprecate the :attr:`.TracebackException.exc_type` attribute. + Use :attr:`.TracebackException.exc_type_str` instead. + (Contributed by Irit Katriel in :gh:`112332`.) * :mod:`typing`: - * Creating a :class:`typing.NamedTuple` class using keyword arguments to denote - the fields (``NT = NamedTuple("NT", x=int, y=int)``) is deprecated, and will - be disallowed in Python 3.15. Use the class-based syntax or the functional - syntax instead. (Contributed by Alex Waygood in :gh:`105566`.) + * Deprecate the undocumented keyword argument syntax for creating + :class:`~typing.NamedTuple` classes + (e.g. ``Point = NamedTuple("Point", x=int, y=int)``), + to be removed in Python 3.15. + Use the class-based syntax or the functional syntax instead. + (Contributed by Alex Waygood in :gh:`105566`.) - * When using the functional syntax to create a :class:`typing.NamedTuple` - class or a :class:`typing.TypedDict` class, failing to pass a value to the - 'fields' parameter (``NT = NamedTuple("NT")`` or ``TD = TypedDict("TD")``) is - deprecated. Passing ``None`` to the 'fields' parameter - (``NT = NamedTuple("NT", None)`` or ``TD = TypedDict("TD", None)``) is also - deprecated. Both will be disallowed in Python 3.15. To create a NamedTuple - class with zero fields, use ``class NT(NamedTuple): pass`` or - ``NT = NamedTuple("NT", [])``. To create a TypedDict class with zero fields, use - ``class TD(TypedDict): pass`` or ``TD = TypedDict("TD", {})``. + * Deprecate omitting the *fields* parameter when creating + a :class:`~typing.NamedTuple` or :class:`typing.TypedDict` class, + and deprecate passing ``None`` to the *fields* parameter of both types. + Python 3.15 will require a valid sequence for the *fields* parameter. + To create a NamedTuple class with zero fields, + use ``class NT(NamedTuple): pass`` or ``NT = NamedTuple("NT", ())``. + To create a TypedDict class with zero fields, + use ``class TD(TypedDict): pass`` or ``TD = TypedDict("TD", {})``. (Contributed by Alex Waygood in :gh:`105566` and :gh:`105570`.) - * :func:`typing.no_type_check_decorator` is deprecated, and scheduled for - removal in Python 3.15. After eight years in the :mod:`typing` module, it - has yet to be supported by any major type checkers. + * Deprecate the :func:`typing.no_type_check_decorator` decorator function, + to be removed in in Python 3.15. + After eight years in the :mod:`typing` module, + it has yet to be supported by any major type checker. (Contributed by Alex Waygood in :gh:`106309`.) - * :data:`typing.AnyStr` is deprecated. In Python 3.16, it will be removed from - ``typing.__all__``, and a :exc:`DeprecationWarning` will be emitted when it - is imported or accessed. It will be removed entirely in Python 3.18. Use - the new :ref:`type parameter syntax ` instead. + * Deprecate :data:`typing.AnyStr`. + In Python 3.16, it will be removed from ``typing.__all__``, + and a :exc:`DeprecationWarning` will be emitted at runtime + when it is imported or accessed. + It will be removed entirely in Python 3.18. + Use the new :ref:`type parameter syntax ` instead. (Contributed by Michael The in :gh:`107116`.) -* :ref:`user-defined-funcs`: - Assignment to a function's :attr:`~function.__code__` attribute where the new code - object's type does not match the function's type is deprecated. The - different types are: plain function, generator, async generator and - coroutine. - (Contributed by Irit Katriel in :gh:`81137`.) +* :mod:`wave`: -* :mod:`wave`: Deprecate the ``getmark()``, ``setmark()`` and ``getmarkers()`` - methods of the :class:`wave.Wave_read` and :class:`wave.Wave_write` classes. - They will be removed in Python 3.15. - (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105096`.) + * Deprecate the :meth:`~wave.Wave_read.getmark`, :meth:`!setmark`, + and :meth:`~wave.Wave_read.getmarkers` methods of + the :class:`~wave.Wave_read` and :class:`~wave.Wave_write` classes, + to be removed in Python 3.15. + (Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`105096`.) .. Add deprecations above alphabetically, not here at the end. @@ -1943,10 +1995,10 @@ New Deprecations CPython Bytecode Changes ======================== -* The oparg of ``YIELD_VALUE`` is now ``1`` if the yield is part of a - yield-from or await, and ``0`` otherwise. The oparg of ``RESUME`` was - changed to add a bit indicating whether the except-depth is 1, which - is needed to optimize closing of generators. +* The oparg of :opcode:`YIELD_VALUE` is now + ``1`` if the yield is part of a yield-from or await, and ``0`` otherwise. + The oparg of :opcode:`RESUME` was changed to add a bit indicating + if the except-depth is 1, which is needed to optimize closing of generators. (Contributed by Irit Katriel in :gh:`111354`.)