cpython/Doc/library/codeop.rst

:mod:`codeop` --- Compile Python code
=====================================

.. module:: codeop
   :synopsis: Compile (possibly incomplete) Python code.

.. sectionauthor:: Moshe Zadka <moshez@zadka.site.co.il>
.. sectionauthor:: Michael Hudson <mwh@python.net>

**Source code:** :source:`Lib/codeop.py`

--------------

The :mod:`codeop` module provides utilities upon which the Python
read-eval-print loop can be emulated, as is done in the :mod:`code` module.  As
a result, you probably don't want to use the module directly; if you want to
include such a loop in your program you probably want to use the :mod:`code`
module instead.

There are two parts to this job:

#. Being able to tell if a line of input completes a Python statement: in
   short, telling whether to print '``>>>``' or '``...``' next.

#. Remembering which future statements the user has entered, so subsequent
   input can be compiled with these in effect.

The :mod:`codeop` module provides a way of doing each of these things, and a way
of doing them both.

To do just the former:

.. function:: compile_command(source, filename="<input>", symbol="single")

   Tries to compile *source*, which should be a string of Python code and return a
   code object if *source* is valid Python code.  In that case, the filename
   attribute of the code object will be *filename*, which defaults to
   ``'<input>'``.  Returns ``None`` if *source* is *not* valid Python code, but is a
   prefix of valid Python code.

   If there is a problem with *source*, an exception will be raised.
   :exc:`SyntaxError` is raised if there is invalid Python syntax, and
   :exc:`OverflowError` or :exc:`ValueError` if there is an invalid literal.

   The *symbol* argument determines whether *source* is compiled as a statement
   (``'single'``, the default), as a sequence of :term:`statement` (``'exec'``) or
   as an :term:`expression` (``'eval'``).  Any other value will
   cause :exc:`ValueError` to be raised.

   .. note::

      It is possible (but not likely) that the parser stops parsing with a
      successful outcome before reaching the end of the source; in this case,
      trailing symbols may be ignored instead of causing an error.  For example,
      a backslash followed by two newlines may be followed by arbitrary garbage.
      This will be fixed once the API for the parser is better.


.. class:: Compile()

   Instances of this class have :meth:`__call__` methods identical in signature to
   the built-in function :func:`compile`, but with the difference that if the
   instance compiles program text containing a :mod:`__future__` statement, the
   instance 'remembers' and compiles all subsequent program texts with the
   statement in force.


.. class:: CommandCompiler()

   Instances of this class have :meth:`__call__` methods identical in signature to
   :func:`compile_command`; the difference is that if the instance compiles program
   text containing a :mod:`__future__` statement, the instance 'remembers' and
   compiles all subsequent program texts with the statement in force.