cpython/Lib/os.py

623 lines
18 KiB
Python
Raw Normal View History

r"""OS routines for Mac, DOS, NT, or Posix depending on what system we're on.
1992-01-14 14:28:36 -04:00
This exports:
- all functions from posix, nt, dos, os2, mac, or ce, e.g. unlink, stat, etc.
- os.path is one of the modules posixpath, ntpath, macpath, or dospath
2001-03-02 02:43:49 -04:00
- os.name is 'posix', 'nt', 'dos', 'os2', 'mac', 'ce' or 'riscos'
- os.curdir is a string representing the current directory ('.' or ':')
- os.pardir is a string representing the parent directory ('..' or '::')
- os.sep is the (or a most common) pathname separator ('/' or ':' or '\\')
2001-10-24 17:42:55 -03:00
- os.extsep is the extension separator ('.' or '/')
- os.altsep is the alternate pathname separator (None or '/')
- os.pathsep is the component separator used in $PATH etc
- os.linesep is the line separator in text files ('\r' or '\n' or '\r\n')
- os.defpath is the default search path for executables
1992-01-14 14:28:36 -04:00
Programs that import and use 'os' stand a better chance of being
portable between different platforms. Of course, they must then
only use functions that are defined by all platforms (e.g., unlink
and opendir), and leave all pathname manipulation to os.path
(e.g., split and join).
"""
1992-01-14 14:28:36 -04:00
2001-02-05 21:07:02 -04:00
#'
import sys
1992-03-31 14:57:28 -04:00
_names = sys.builtin_module_names
altsep = None
__all__ = ["altsep", "curdir", "pardir", "sep", "pathsep", "linesep",
"defpath", "name"]
2001-02-05 21:07:02 -04:00
def _get_exports_list(module):
try:
return list(module.__all__)
except AttributeError:
return [n for n in dir(module) if n[0] != '_']
if 'posix' in _names:
name = 'posix'
linesep = '\n'
curdir = '.'; pardir = '..'; sep = '/'; pathsep = ':'
defpath = ':/bin:/usr/bin'
from posix import *
try:
from posix import _exit
except ImportError:
pass
import posixpath
path = posixpath
del posixpath
2001-02-05 21:07:02 -04:00
import posix
__all__.extend(_get_exports_list(posix))
del posix
elif 'nt' in _names:
name = 'nt'
linesep = '\r\n'
curdir = '.'; pardir = '..'; sep = '\\'; pathsep = ';'
defpath = '.;C:\\bin'
from nt import *
for i in ['_exit']:
1999-02-01 19:52:29 -04:00
try:
exec "from nt import " + i
except ImportError:
pass
import ntpath
path = ntpath
del ntpath
2001-02-05 21:07:02 -04:00
import nt
__all__.extend(_get_exports_list(nt))
del nt
elif 'dos' in _names:
name = 'dos'
linesep = '\r\n'
curdir = '.'; pardir = '..'; sep = '\\'; pathsep = ';'
defpath = '.;C:\\bin'
from dos import *
try:
from dos import _exit
except ImportError:
pass
import dospath
path = dospath
del dospath
2001-02-05 21:07:02 -04:00
import dos
__all__.extend(_get_exports_list(dos))
del dos
1997-11-22 17:53:48 -04:00
elif 'os2' in _names:
name = 'os2'
linesep = '\r\n'
curdir = '.'; pardir = '..'; pathsep = ';'
if sys.version.find('EMX GCC') == -1:
# standard OS/2 compiler (VACPP or Watcom?)
sep = '\\'; altsep = '/'
else:
# EMX
sep = '/'; altsep = '\\'
defpath = '.;C:\\bin'
from os2 import *
try:
from os2 import _exit
except ImportError:
pass
if sys.version.find('EMX GCC') == -1:
import ntpath
path = ntpath
del ntpath
else:
import os2emxpath
path = os2emxpath
del os2emxpath
2001-02-05 21:07:02 -04:00
import os2
__all__.extend(_get_exports_list(os2))
del os2
elif 'mac' in _names:
name = 'mac'
linesep = '\r'
curdir = ':'; pardir = '::'; sep = ':'; pathsep = '\n'
defpath = ':'
from mac import *
try:
from mac import _exit
except ImportError:
pass
import macpath
path = macpath
del macpath
2001-02-05 21:07:02 -04:00
import mac
__all__.extend(_get_exports_list(mac))
del mac
1999-06-10 22:37:27 -03:00
elif 'ce' in _names:
name = 'ce'
linesep = '\r\n'
curdir = '.'; pardir = '..'; sep = '\\'; pathsep = ';'
defpath = '\\Windows'
from ce import *
for i in ['_exit']:
try:
exec "from ce import " + i
except ImportError:
pass
# We can use the standard Windows path.
import ntpath
path = ntpath
del ntpath
2001-02-05 21:07:02 -04:00
import ce
__all__.extend(_get_exports_list(ce))
del ce
2001-03-02 02:43:49 -04:00
elif 'riscos' in _names:
name = 'riscos'
linesep = '\n'
curdir = '@'; pardir = '^'; sep = '.'; pathsep = ','
defpath = '<Run$Dir>'
from riscos import *
try:
from riscos import _exit
except ImportError:
pass
import riscospath
path = riscospath
del riscospath
import riscos
__all__.extend(_get_exports_list(riscos))
del riscos
2001-03-02 02:43:49 -04:00
1994-08-01 08:18:30 -03:00
else:
raise ImportError, 'no os specific module found'
2001-10-24 17:42:55 -03:00
if sep=='.':
extsep = '/'
else:
extsep = '.'
2001-02-05 21:07:02 -04:00
__all__.append("path")
del _names
sys.modules['os.path'] = path
2001-02-05 21:07:02 -04:00
#'
# Super directory utilities.
# (Inspired by Eric Raymond; the doc strings are mostly his)
def makedirs(name, mode=0777):
"""makedirs(path [, mode=0777])
Super-mkdir; create a leaf directory and all intermediate ones.
Works like mkdir, except that any intermediate path segment (not
just the rightmost) will be created if it does not exist. This is
recursive.
"""
head, tail = path.split(name)
if not tail:
head, tail = path.split(head)
if head and tail and not path.exists(head):
makedirs(head, mode)
mkdir(name, mode)
def removedirs(name):
"""removedirs(path)
Super-rmdir; remove a leaf directory and empty all intermediate
ones. Works like rmdir except that, if the leaf directory is
successfully removed, directories corresponding to rightmost path
segments will be pruned way until either the whole path is
consumed or an error occurs. Errors during this latter phase are
ignored -- they generally mean that a directory was not empty.
"""
rmdir(name)
head, tail = path.split(name)
if not tail:
head, tail = path.split(head)
while head and tail:
try:
rmdir(head)
except error:
break
head, tail = path.split(head)
def renames(old, new):
"""renames(old, new)
Super-rename; create directories as necessary and delete any left
empty. Works like rename, except creation of any intermediate
directories needed to make the new pathname good is attempted
first. After the rename, directories corresponding to rightmost
path segments of the old name will be pruned way until either the
whole path is consumed or a nonempty directory is found.
Note: this function can fail with the new directory structure made
if you lack permissions needed to unlink the leaf directory or
file.
"""
head, tail = path.split(new)
if head and tail and not path.exists(head):
makedirs(head)
rename(old, new)
head, tail = path.split(old)
if head and tail:
try:
removedirs(head)
except error:
pass
2001-02-05 21:07:02 -04:00
__all__.extend(["makedirs", "removedirs", "renames"])
# Make sure os.environ exists, at least
try:
environ
except NameError:
environ = {}
def execl(file, *args):
"""execl(file, *args)
Execute the executable file with argument list args, replacing the
current process. """
execv(file, args)
def execle(file, *args):
"""execle(file, *args, env)
Execute the executable file with argument list args and
environment env, replacing the current process. """
env = args[-1]
execve(file, args[:-1], env)
def execlp(file, *args):
"""execlp(file, *args)
Execute the executable file (which is searched for along $PATH)
with argument list args, replacing the current process. """
execvp(file, args)
def execlpe(file, *args):
"""execlpe(file, *args, env)
Execute the executable file (which is searched for along $PATH)
with argument list args and environment env, replacing the current
2001-01-14 20:50:52 -04:00
process. """
env = args[-1]
execvpe(file, args[:-1], env)
def execvp(file, args):
"""execp(file, args)
Execute the executable file (which is searched for along $PATH)
with argument list args, replacing the current process.
args may be a list or tuple of strings. """
_execvpe(file, args)
def execvpe(file, args, env):
"""execv(file, args, env)
Execute the executable file (which is searched for along $PATH)
with argument list args and environment env , replacing the
current process.
2001-01-14 20:50:52 -04:00
args may be a list or tuple of strings. """
_execvpe(file, args, env)
2001-02-05 21:07:02 -04:00
__all__.extend(["execl","execle","execlp","execlpe","execvp","execvpe"])
def _execvpe(file, args, env=None):
from errno import ENOENT, ENOTDIR
if env is not None:
func = execve
argrest = (args, env)
else:
func = execv
argrest = (args,)
env = environ
head, tail = path.split(file)
if head:
apply(func, (file,) + argrest)
return
if 'PATH' in env:
envpath = env['PATH']
else:
envpath = defpath
PATH = envpath.split(pathsep)
for dir in PATH:
fullname = path.join(dir, file)
try:
apply(func, (fullname,) + argrest)
except error, (errno, msg):
if errno != ENOENT and errno != ENOTDIR:
raise
raise error, (errno, msg)
2001-03-02 02:43:49 -04:00
# Change environ to automatically call putenv() if it exists
try:
# This will fail if there's no putenv
putenv
except NameError:
pass
else:
import UserDict
# Fake unsetenv() for Windows
2001-10-30 01:56:40 -04:00
# not sure about os2 and dos here but
# I'm guessing they are the same.
if name in ('os2', 'nt', 'dos'):
def unsetenv(key):
putenv(key, "")
if name == "riscos":
# On RISC OS, all env access goes through getenv and putenv
from riscosenviron import _Environ
elif name in ('os2', 'nt', 'dos'): # Where Env Var Names Must Be UPPERCASE
# But we store them as upper case
class _Environ(UserDict.UserDict):
def __init__(self, environ):
UserDict.UserDict.__init__(self)
data = self.data
for k, v in environ.items():
data[k.upper()] = v
def __setitem__(self, key, item):
putenv(key, item)
self.data[key.upper()] = item
def __getitem__(self, key):
return self.data[key.upper()]
try:
unsetenv
except NameError:
def __delitem__(self, key):
del self.data[key.upper()]
else:
def __delitem__(self, key):
unsetenv(key)
del self.data[key.upper()]
def has_key(self, key):
return key.upper() in self.data
def __contains__(self, key):
return key.upper() in self.data
def get(self, key, failobj=None):
return self.data.get(key.upper(), failobj)
def update(self, dict):
for k, v in dict.items():
self[k] = v
def copy(self):
return dict(self)
else: # Where Env Var Names Can Be Mixed Case
class _Environ(UserDict.UserDict):
def __init__(self, environ):
UserDict.UserDict.__init__(self)
self.data = environ
def __setitem__(self, key, item):
putenv(key, item)
self.data[key] = item
def update(self, dict):
for k, v in dict.items():
self[k] = v
try:
unsetenv
except NameError:
pass
else:
def __delitem__(self, key):
unsetenv(key)
del self.data[key]
def copy(self):
return dict(self)
2001-10-30 01:56:40 -04:00
environ = _Environ(environ)
2001-03-02 02:43:49 -04:00
def getenv(key, default=None):
"""Get an environment variable, return None if it doesn't exist.
The optional second argument can specify an alternate default."""
return environ.get(key, default)
__all__.append("getenv")
def _exists(name):
try:
eval(name)
return True
except NameError:
return False
# Supply spawn*() (probably only for Unix)
if _exists("fork") and not _exists("spawnv") and _exists("execv"):
P_WAIT = 0
P_NOWAIT = P_NOWAITO = 1
# XXX Should we support P_DETACH? I suppose it could fork()**2
# and close the std I/O streams. Also, P_OVERLAY is the same
# as execv*()?
def _spawnvef(mode, file, args, env, func):
# Internal helper; func is the exec*() function to use
pid = fork()
if not pid:
# Child
try:
if env is None:
func(file, args)
else:
func(file, args, env)
except:
_exit(127)
else:
# Parent
if mode == P_NOWAIT:
return pid # Caller is responsible for waiting!
while 1:
wpid, sts = waitpid(pid, 0)
if WIFSTOPPED(sts):
continue
elif WIFSIGNALED(sts):
return -WTERMSIG(sts)
elif WIFEXITED(sts):
return WEXITSTATUS(sts)
else:
raise error, "Not stopped, signaled or exited???"
def spawnv(mode, file, args):
"""spawnv(mode, file, args) -> integer
Execute file with arguments from args in a subprocess.
If mode == P_NOWAIT return the pid of the process.
If mode == P_WAIT return the process's exit code if it exits normally;
2001-01-14 20:50:52 -04:00
otherwise return -SIG, where SIG is the signal that killed it. """
return _spawnvef(mode, file, args, None, execv)
def spawnve(mode, file, args, env):
"""spawnve(mode, file, args, env) -> integer
Execute file with arguments from args in a subprocess with the
specified environment.
If mode == P_NOWAIT return the pid of the process.
If mode == P_WAIT return the process's exit code if it exits normally;
otherwise return -SIG, where SIG is the signal that killed it. """
return _spawnvef(mode, file, args, env, execve)
# Note: spawnvp[e] is't currently supported on Windows
def spawnvp(mode, file, args):
"""spawnvp(mode, file, args) -> integer
Execute file (which is looked for along $PATH) with arguments from
args in a subprocess.
If mode == P_NOWAIT return the pid of the process.
If mode == P_WAIT return the process's exit code if it exits normally;
otherwise return -SIG, where SIG is the signal that killed it. """
return _spawnvef(mode, file, args, None, execvp)
def spawnvpe(mode, file, args, env):
"""spawnvpe(mode, file, args, env) -> integer
Execute file (which is looked for along $PATH) with arguments from
args in a subprocess with the supplied environment.
If mode == P_NOWAIT return the pid of the process.
If mode == P_WAIT return the process's exit code if it exits normally;
otherwise return -SIG, where SIG is the signal that killed it. """
return _spawnvef(mode, file, args, env, execvpe)
if _exists("spawnv"):
# These aren't supplied by the basic Windows code
# but can be easily implemented in Python
def spawnl(mode, file, *args):
"""spawnl(mode, file, *args) -> integer
Execute file with arguments from args in a subprocess.
If mode == P_NOWAIT return the pid of the process.
If mode == P_WAIT return the process's exit code if it exits normally;
otherwise return -SIG, where SIG is the signal that killed it. """
return spawnv(mode, file, args)
def spawnle(mode, file, *args):
"""spawnle(mode, file, *args, env) -> integer
Execute file with arguments from args in a subprocess with the
supplied environment.
If mode == P_NOWAIT return the pid of the process.
If mode == P_WAIT return the process's exit code if it exits normally;
otherwise return -SIG, where SIG is the signal that killed it. """
env = args[-1]
return spawnve(mode, file, args[:-1], env)
if _exists("spawnvp"):
# At the moment, Windows doesn't implement spawnvp[e],
# so it won't have spawnlp[e] either.
def spawnlp(mode, file, *args):
"""spawnlp(mode, file, *args, env) -> integer
Execute file (which is looked for along $PATH) with arguments from
args in a subprocess with the supplied environment.
If mode == P_NOWAIT return the pid of the process.
If mode == P_WAIT return the process's exit code if it exits normally;
otherwise return -SIG, where SIG is the signal that killed it. """
return spawnvp(mode, file, args)
def spawnlpe(mode, file, *args):
"""spawnlpe(mode, file, *args, env) -> integer
Execute file (which is looked for along $PATH) with arguments from
args in a subprocess with the supplied environment.
If mode == P_NOWAIT return the pid of the process.
If mode == P_WAIT return the process's exit code if it exits normally;
otherwise return -SIG, where SIG is the signal that killed it. """
env = args[-1]
return spawnvpe(mode, file, args[:-1], env)
2001-02-05 21:07:02 -04:00
__all__.extend(["spawnlp","spawnlpe","spawnv", "spawnve","spawnvp",
"spawnvpe","spawnl","spawnle",])
# Supply popen2 etc. (for Unix)
if _exists("fork"):
if not _exists("popen2"):
def popen2(cmd, mode="t", bufsize=-1):
import popen2
stdout, stdin = popen2.popen2(cmd, bufsize)
return stdin, stdout
2001-02-05 21:07:02 -04:00
__all__.append("popen2")
if not _exists("popen3"):
def popen3(cmd, mode="t", bufsize=-1):
import popen2
stdout, stdin, stderr = popen2.popen3(cmd, bufsize)
return stdin, stdout, stderr
2001-02-05 21:07:02 -04:00
__all__.append("popen3")
if not _exists("popen4"):
def popen4(cmd, mode="t", bufsize=-1):
import popen2
stdout, stdin = popen2.popen4(cmd, bufsize)
return stdin, stdout
2001-02-05 21:07:02 -04:00
__all__.append("popen4")
import copy_reg as _copy_reg
def _make_stat_result(tup, dict):
return stat_result(tup, dict)
def _pickle_stat_result(sr):
(type, args) = sr.__reduce__()
return (_make_stat_result, args)
try:
_copy_reg.pickle(stat_result, _pickle_stat_result, _make_stat_result)
except NameError: # stat_result may not exist
pass
def _make_statvfs_result(tup, dict):
return statvfs_result(tup, dict)
def _pickle_statvfs_result(sr):
(type, args) = sr.__reduce__()
return (_make_statvfs_result, args)
try:
_copy_reg.pickle(statvfs_result, _pickle_statvfs_result,
_make_statvfs_result)
2002-03-15 06:21:59 -04:00
except NameError: # statvfs_result may not exist
pass