cpython/Lib/plat-mac/plistlib.py

"""plistlib.py -- a tool to generate and parse MacOSX .plist files.

The PropertList (.plist) file format is a simple XML pickle supporting
basic object types, like dictionaries, lists, numbers and strings.
Usually the top level object is a dictionary.

To write out a plist file, use the writePlist(rootObject, pathOrFile)
function. 'rootObject' is the top level object, 'pathOrFile' is a
filename or a (writable) file object.

To parse a plist from a file, use the readPlist(pathOrFile) function,
with a file name or a (readable) file object as the only argument. It
returns the top level object (again, usually a dictionary).

To work with plist data in strings, you can use readPlistFromString()
and writePlistToString().

Values can be strings, integers, floats, booleans, tuples, lists,
dictionaries, Data or Date objects. String values (including dictionary
keys) may be unicode strings -- they will be written out as UTF-8.

This module exports a class named Dict(), which allows you to easily
construct (nested) dicts using keyword arguments as well as accessing
values with attribute notation, where d.foo is equivalent to d["foo"].
Regular dictionaries work, too. Dictionaries are always represented with
Dict instances when loading plist data.

The <data> plist type is supported through the Data class. This is a
thin wrapper around a Python string.

The <date> plist data has support through the Date class.

Generate Plist example:

    pl = Dict(
        aString="Doodah",
        aList=["A", "B", 12, 32.1, [1, 2, 3]],
        aFloat = 0.1,
        anInt = 728,
        aDict=Dict(
            anotherString="<hello & hi there!>",
            aUnicodeValue=u'M\xe4ssig, Ma\xdf',
            aTrueValue=True,
            aFalseValue=False,
        ),
        someData = Data("<binary gunk>"),
        someMoreData = Data("<lots of binary gunk>" * 10),
        aDate = Date(time.mktime(time.gmtime())),
    )
    # unicode keys are possible, but a little awkward to use:
    pl[u'\xc5benraa'] = "That was a unicode key."
    writePlist(pl, fileName)

Parse Plist example:

    pl = readPlist(pathOrFile)
    print pl.aKey  # same as pl["aKey"]


"""


__all__ = [
    "readPlist", "writePlist", "readPlistFromString", "writePlistToString",
    "readPlistFromResource", "writePlistToResource",
    "Plist", "Data", "Date", "Dict"
]
# Note: the Plist class has been deprecated.

import base64
import datetime
from cStringIO import StringIO


def readPlist(pathOrFile):
    """Read a .plist file. 'pathOrFile' may either be a file name or a
    (readable) file object. Return the unpacked root object (which
    usually is a dictionary).
    """
    didOpen = 0
    if isinstance(pathOrFile, (str, unicode)):
        pathOrFile = open(pathOrFile)
        didOpen = 1
    p = PlistParser()
    rootObject = p.parse(pathOrFile)
    if didOpen:
        pathOrFile.close()
    return rootObject


def writePlist(rootObject, pathOrFile):
    """Write 'rootObject' to a .plist file. 'pathOrFile' may either be a
    file name or a (writable) file object.
    """
    didOpen = 0
    if isinstance(pathOrFile, (str, unicode)):
        pathOrFile = open(pathOrFile, "w")
        didOpen = 1
    writer = PlistWriter(pathOrFile)
    writer.writeln("<plist version=\"1.0\">")
    writer.writeValue(rootObject)
    writer.writeln("</plist>")
    if didOpen:
        pathOrFile.close()


def readPlistFromString(data):
    """Read a plist data from a string. Return the root object.
    """
    return readPlist(StringIO(data))


def writePlistToString(rootObject):
    """Return 'rootObject' as a plist-formatted string.
    """
    f = StringIO()
    writePlist(rootObject, f)
    return f.getvalue()


def readPlistFromResource(path, restype='plst', resid=0):
    """Read plst resource from the resource fork of path.
    """
    from Carbon.File import FSRef, FSGetResourceForkName
    from Carbon.Files import fsRdPerm
    from Carbon import Res
    fsRef = FSRef(path)
    resNum = Res.FSOpenResourceFile(fsRef, FSGetResourceForkName(), fsRdPerm)
    Res.UseResFile(resNum)
    plistData = Res.Get1Resource(restype, resid).data
    Res.CloseResFile(resNum)
    return readPlistFromString(plistData)


def writePlistToResource(rootObject, path, restype='plst', resid=0):
    """Write 'rootObject' as a plst resource to the resource fork of path.
    """
    from Carbon.File import FSRef, FSGetResourceForkName
    from Carbon.Files import fsRdWrPerm
    from Carbon import Res
    plistData = writePlistToString(rootObject)
    fsRef = FSRef(path)
    resNum = Res.FSOpenResourceFile(fsRef, FSGetResourceForkName(), fsRdWrPerm)
    Res.UseResFile(resNum)
    try:
        Res.Get1Resource(restype, resid).RemoveResource()
    except Res.Error:
        pass
    res = Res.Resource(plistData)
    res.AddResource(restype, resid, '')
    res.WriteResource()
    Res.CloseResFile(resNum)


class DumbXMLWriter:

    def __init__(self, file, indentLevel=0, indent="\t"):
        self.file = file
        self.stack = []
        self.indentLevel = indentLevel
        self.indent = indent

    def beginElement(self, element):
        self.stack.append(element)
        self.writeln("<%s>" % element)
        self.indentLevel += 1

    def endElement(self, element):
        assert self.indentLevel > 0
        assert self.stack.pop() == element
        self.indentLevel -= 1
        self.writeln("</%s>" % element)

    def simpleElement(self, element, value=None):
        if value is not None:
            value = _escapeAndEncode(value)
            self.writeln("<%s>%s</%s>" % (element, value, element))
        else:
            self.writeln("<%s/>" % element)

    def writeln(self, line):
        if line:
            self.file.write(self.indentLevel * self.indent + line + "\n")
        else:
            self.file.write("\n")


import re
# Regex to strip all control chars, but for \t \n \r and \f
_controlStripper = re.compile(r"[\x00\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05\x06\x07\x08\x0b\x0e\x0f"
    "\x10\x11\x12\x13\x14\x15\x16\x17\x18\x19\x1a\x1b\x1c\x1d\x1e\x1f]")

# Contents should conform to a subset of ISO 8601
# (in particular, YYYY '-' MM '-' DD 'T' HH ':' MM ':' SS 'Z'.  Smaller units may be omitted with
#  a loss of precision)
_dateParser = re.compile(r"(?P<year>\d\d\d\d)(?:-(?P<month>\d\d)(?:-(?P<day>\d\d)(?:T(?P<hour>\d\d)(?::(?P<minute>\d\d)(?::(?P<second>\d\d))?)?)?)?)?Z")

def _escapeAndEncode(text):
    text = text.replace("\r\n", "\n")       # convert DOS line endings
    text = text.replace("\r", "\n")         # convert Mac line endings
    text = text.replace("&", "&amp;")       # escape '&'
    text = text.replace("<", "&lt;")        # escape '<'
    text = _controlStripper.sub("?", text)  # replace control chars with '?'
    return text.encode("utf-8")             # encode as UTF-8


PLISTHEADER = """\
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple Computer//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
"""

class PlistWriter(DumbXMLWriter):

    def __init__(self, file, indentLevel=0, indent="\t", writeHeader=1):
        if writeHeader:
            file.write(PLISTHEADER)
        DumbXMLWriter.__init__(self, file, indentLevel, indent)

    def writeValue(self, value):
        if isinstance(value, (str, unicode)):
            self.simpleElement("string", value)
        elif isinstance(value, bool):
            # must switch for bool before int, as bool is a
            # subclass of int...
            if value:
                self.simpleElement("true")
            else:
                self.simpleElement("false")
        elif isinstance(value, int):
            self.simpleElement("integer", str(value))
        elif isinstance(value, float):
            self.simpleElement("real", repr(value))
        elif isinstance(value, dict):
            self.writeDict(value)
        elif isinstance(value, Data):
            self.writeData(value)
        elif isinstance(value, Date):
            self.simpleElement("date", value.toString())
        elif isinstance(value, (tuple, list)):
            self.writeArray(value)
        else:
            raise TypeError("unsuported type: %s" % type(value))

    def writeData(self, data):
        self.beginElement("data")
        for line in data.asBase64().split("\n"):
            if line:
                self.writeln(line)
        self.endElement("data")

    def writeDict(self, d):
        self.beginElement("dict")
        items = d.items()
        items.sort()
        for key, value in items:
            if not isinstance(key, (str, unicode)):
                raise TypeError("keys must be strings")
            self.simpleElement("key", key)
            self.writeValue(value)
        self.endElement("dict")

    def writeArray(self, array):
        self.beginElement("array")
        for value in array:
            self.writeValue(value)
        self.endElement("array")


class Dict(dict):

    """Convenience dictionary subclass: it allows attribute notation
    to retrieve values, making d.foo equivalent to d["foo"].
    """

    def __getattr__(self, attr):
        try:
            value = self[attr]
        except KeyError:
            raise AttributeError, attr
        return value

    def __setattr__(self, attr, value):
        self[attr] = value

    def __delattr__(self, attr):
        try:
            del self[attr]
        except KeyError:
            raise AttributeError, attr


class Plist(Dict):

    """This class has been deprecated. Use the Dict with readPlist() and
    writePlist() functions instead.
    """

    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        from warnings import warn
        warn("The Plist class is deprecated, use the readPlist() and "
             "writePlist() functions instead", PendingDeprecationWarning)
        super(Plist, self).__init__(**kwargs)

    def fromFile(cls, pathOrFile):
        """Deprecated. Use the readPlist() function instead."""
        rootObject = readPlist(pathOrFile)
        plist = cls()
        plist.update(rootObject)
        return plist
    fromFile = classmethod(fromFile)

    def write(self, pathOrFile):
        """Deprecated. Use the writePlist() function instead."""
        writePlist(self, pathOrFile)


class Data:

    """Wrapper for binary data."""

    def __init__(self, data):
        self.data = data

    def fromBase64(cls, data):
        return cls(base64.decodestring(data))
    fromBase64 = classmethod(fromBase64)

    def asBase64(self):
        return base64.encodestring(self.data)

    def __cmp__(self, other):
        if isinstance(other, self.__class__):
            return cmp(self.data, other.data)
        elif isinstance(other, str):
            return cmp(self.data, other)
        else:
            return cmp(id(self), id(other))

    def __repr__(self):
        return "%s(%s)" % (self.__class__.__name__, repr(self.data))


class Date:

    """Primitive date wrapper, uses UTC datetime instances internally.
    """

    def __init__(self, date):
        if isinstance(date, datetime.datetime):
            pass
        elif isinstance(date, (float, int)):
            date = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(date)
        elif isinstance(date, basestring):
            order = ('year', 'month', 'day', 'hour', 'minute', 'second')
            gd = _dateParser.match(date).groupdict()
            lst = []
            for key in order:
                val = gd[key]
                if val is None:
                    break
                lst.append(int(val))
            date = datetime.datetime(*lst)
        else:
            raise ValueError, "Can't convert %r to datetime" % (date,)
        self.date = date

    def toString(self):
        d = self.date
        return '%04d-%02d-%02dT%02d:%02d:%02dZ' % (
            d.year, d.month, d.day,
            d.second, d.minute, d.hour,
        )

    def __cmp__(self, other):
        if isinstance(other, self.__class__):
            return cmp(self.date, other.date)
        elif isinstance(other, (datetime.datetime, float, int, basestring)):
            return cmp(self.date, Date(other).date)
        else:
            return cmp(id(self), id(other))

    def __repr__(self):
        return "%s(%s)" % (self.__class__.__name__, repr(self.toString()))


class PlistParser:

    def __init__(self):
        self.stack = []
        self.currentKey = None
        self.root = None

    def parse(self, fileobj):
        from xml.parsers.expat import ParserCreate
        parser = ParserCreate()
        parser.StartElementHandler = self.handleBeginElement
        parser.EndElementHandler = self.handleEndElement
        parser.CharacterDataHandler = self.handleData
        parser.ParseFile(fileobj)
        return self.root

    def handleBeginElement(self, element, attrs):
        self.data = []
        handler = getattr(self, "begin_" + element, None)
        if handler is not None:
            handler(attrs)

    def handleEndElement(self, element):
        handler = getattr(self, "end_" + element, None)
        if handler is not None:
            handler()

    def handleData(self, data):
        self.data.append(data)

    def addObject(self, value):
        if self.currentKey is not None:
            self.stack[-1][self.currentKey] = value
            self.currentKey = None
        elif not self.stack:
            # this is the root object
            self.root = value
        else:
            self.stack[-1].append(value)

    def getData(self):
        data = "".join(self.data)
        try:
            data = data.encode("ascii")
        except UnicodeError:
            pass
        self.data = []
        return data

    # element handlers

    def begin_dict(self, attrs):
        d = Dict()
        self.addObject(d)
        self.stack.append(d)
    def end_dict(self):
        self.stack.pop()

    def end_key(self):
        self.currentKey = self.getData()

    def begin_array(self, attrs):
        a = []
        self.addObject(a)
        self.stack.append(a)
    def end_array(self):
        self.stack.pop()

    def end_true(self):
        self.addObject(True)
    def end_false(self):
        self.addObject(False)
    def end_integer(self):
        self.addObject(int(self.getData()))
    def end_real(self):
        self.addObject(float(self.getData()))
    def end_string(self):
        self.addObject(self.getData())
    def end_data(self):
        self.addObject(Data.fromBase64(self.getData()))
    def end_date(self):
        self.addObject(Date(self.getData()))