2008-05-26 13:32:26 -03:00
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:mod:`http.client` --- HTTP protocol client
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===========================================
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2007-08-15 11:28:22 -03:00
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2008-05-26 13:32:26 -03:00
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.. module:: http.client
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2007-08-15 11:28:22 -03:00
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:synopsis: HTTP and HTTPS protocol client (requires sockets).
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.. index::
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pair: HTTP; protocol
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single: HTTP; http.client (standard module)
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2007-08-15 11:28:22 -03:00
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2008-06-23 01:41:59 -03:00
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.. index:: module: urllib.request
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2007-08-15 11:28:22 -03:00
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This module defines classes which implement the client side of the HTTP and
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2008-06-23 01:41:59 -03:00
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HTTPS protocols. It is normally not used directly --- the module
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:mod:`urllib.request` uses it to handle URLs that use HTTP and HTTPS.
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2007-08-15 11:28:22 -03:00
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.. note::
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HTTPS support is only available if the :mod:`socket` module was compiled with
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SSL support.
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The module provides the following classes:
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.. class:: HTTPConnection(host[, port[, strict[, timeout]]])
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An :class:`HTTPConnection` instance represents one transaction with an HTTP
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Merged revisions 62998-63003,63005-63006,63009-63012,63014-63017,63019-63020,63022-63024,63026-63029,63031-63041,63043-63045,63047-63054,63056-63062 via svnmerge from
svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/trunk
........
r62998 | andrew.kuchling | 2008-05-10 15:51:55 -0400 (Sat, 10 May 2008) | 7 lines
#1858 from Tarek Ziade:
Allow multiple repositories in .pypirc; see http://wiki.python.org/moin/EnhancedPyPI
for discussion.
The patch is slightly revised from Tarek's last patch: I've simplified
the PyPIRCCommand.finalize_options() method to not look at sys.argv.
Tests still pass.
........
r63000 | alexandre.vassalotti | 2008-05-10 15:59:16 -0400 (Sat, 10 May 2008) | 5 lines
Cleaned up io._BytesIO.write().
I am amazed that the old code, for inserting null-bytes, actually
worked. Who wrote that thing? Oh, it is me... doh.
........
r63002 | brett.cannon | 2008-05-10 16:52:01 -0400 (Sat, 10 May 2008) | 2 lines
Revert r62998 as it broke the build (seems distutils.config is missing).
........
r63014 | andrew.kuchling | 2008-05-10 18:12:38 -0400 (Sat, 10 May 2008) | 1 line
#1858: add distutils.config module
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r63027 | brett.cannon | 2008-05-10 21:09:32 -0400 (Sat, 10 May 2008) | 2 lines
Flesh out the 3.0 deprecation to suggest using the ctypes module.
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r63028 | skip.montanaro | 2008-05-10 22:59:30 -0400 (Sat, 10 May 2008) | 4 lines
Copied two versions of the example from the interactive session. Delete
one.
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r63037 | georg.brandl | 2008-05-11 03:02:17 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
reload() takes the module itself.
........
r63038 | alexandre.vassalotti | 2008-05-11 03:06:04 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 4 lines
Added test framework for handling module renames.
Factored the import guard in test_py3kwarn.TestStdlibRemovals into
a context manager, namely test_support.CleanImport.
........
r63039 | georg.brandl | 2008-05-11 03:06:05 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
#2742: ``''`` is not converted to NULL in getaddrinfo.
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r63040 | alexandre.vassalotti | 2008-05-11 03:08:12 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
Fixed typo in a comment of test_support.CleanImport.
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r63041 | alexandre.vassalotti | 2008-05-11 03:10:25 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
Removed a dead line of code.
........
r63043 | georg.brandl | 2008-05-11 04:47:53 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
#2812: document property.getter/setter/deleter.
........
r63049 | georg.brandl | 2008-05-11 05:06:30 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
#1153769: document PEP 237 changes to string formatting.
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r63050 | georg.brandl | 2008-05-11 05:11:40 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
#2809: elaborate str.split docstring a bit.
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r63051 | georg.brandl | 2008-05-11 06:13:59 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
Fix typo.
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r63052 | georg.brandl | 2008-05-11 06:33:27 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
#2709: clarification.
........
r63053 | georg.brandl | 2008-05-11 06:42:28 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
#2659: add ``break_on_hyphens`` to TextWrapper.
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r63057 | georg.brandl | 2008-05-11 06:59:39 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
#2741: clarification of value range for address_family.
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r63058 | georg.brandl | 2008-05-11 07:09:35 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
#2452: timeout is used for all blocking operations.
........
r63059 | andrew.kuchling | 2008-05-11 09:33:56 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
#1792: Improve performance of marshal.dumps() on large objects by increasing
the size of the buffer more quickly.
........
r63060 | andrew.kuchling | 2008-05-11 10:00:00 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 1 line
#1858: re-apply patch for this, adding the missing files
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r63061 | benjamin.peterson | 2008-05-11 10:13:25 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
Add the "until" command to pdb
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r63062 | georg.brandl | 2008-05-11 10:17:13 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
Add some sentence endings.
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2008-05-15 21:03:33 -03:00
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server. It should be instantiated passing it a host and optional port
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number. If no port number is passed, the port is extracted from the host
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string if it has the form ``host:port``, else the default HTTP port (80) is
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Merged revisions 67154,67157-67159,67175-67176,67189,67224-67227,67234 via svnmerge from
svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/trunk
........
r67154 | hirokazu.yamamoto | 2008-11-07 21:46:17 -0600 (Fri, 07 Nov 2008) | 1 line
Issue #4071: ntpath.abspath returned an empty string for long unicode path.
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r67157 | georg.brandl | 2008-11-08 05:47:44 -0600 (Sat, 08 Nov 2008) | 2 lines
Don't use "HOWTO" as the title for all howto .tex files.
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r67158 | georg.brandl | 2008-11-08 05:48:20 -0600 (Sat, 08 Nov 2008) | 2 lines
Update "Documenting" a bit. Concentrate on Python-specifics.
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r67159 | georg.brandl | 2008-11-08 06:52:25 -0600 (Sat, 08 Nov 2008) | 2 lines
Fix warning.
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r67175 | benjamin.peterson | 2008-11-08 19:44:32 -0600 (Sat, 08 Nov 2008) | 1 line
update link
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r67176 | benjamin.peterson | 2008-11-08 19:52:32 -0600 (Sat, 08 Nov 2008) | 1 line
fix comment
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r67189 | benjamin.peterson | 2008-11-11 15:56:06 -0600 (Tue, 11 Nov 2008) | 1 line
use correct name
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r67224 | georg.brandl | 2008-11-15 02:10:04 -0600 (Sat, 15 Nov 2008) | 2 lines
#4324: fix getlocale() argument.
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r67225 | brett.cannon | 2008-11-15 16:33:25 -0600 (Sat, 15 Nov 2008) | 1 line
Clarify the docs for the 'strict' argument to httplib.HTTPConnection.
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r67226 | brett.cannon | 2008-11-15 16:40:44 -0600 (Sat, 15 Nov 2008) | 4 lines
The docs for httplib.HTTPConnection.putheader() have claimed for quite a while
that their could be an arbitrary number of values passed in. Turns out the code
did not match that. The code now matches the docs.
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r67227 | georg.brandl | 2008-11-16 02:00:17 -0600 (Sun, 16 Nov 2008) | 2 lines
#4316: fix configure.in markup problem.
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r67234 | benjamin.peterson | 2008-11-16 11:54:55 -0600 (Sun, 16 Nov 2008) | 1 line
run autoconf
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2008-11-16 14:33:53 -04:00
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used. When True, the optional parameter *strict* (which defaults to a false
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value) causes ``BadStatusLine`` to
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Merged revisions 62998-63003,63005-63006,63009-63012,63014-63017,63019-63020,63022-63024,63026-63029,63031-63041,63043-63045,63047-63054,63056-63062 via svnmerge from
svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/trunk
........
r62998 | andrew.kuchling | 2008-05-10 15:51:55 -0400 (Sat, 10 May 2008) | 7 lines
#1858 from Tarek Ziade:
Allow multiple repositories in .pypirc; see http://wiki.python.org/moin/EnhancedPyPI
for discussion.
The patch is slightly revised from Tarek's last patch: I've simplified
the PyPIRCCommand.finalize_options() method to not look at sys.argv.
Tests still pass.
........
r63000 | alexandre.vassalotti | 2008-05-10 15:59:16 -0400 (Sat, 10 May 2008) | 5 lines
Cleaned up io._BytesIO.write().
I am amazed that the old code, for inserting null-bytes, actually
worked. Who wrote that thing? Oh, it is me... doh.
........
r63002 | brett.cannon | 2008-05-10 16:52:01 -0400 (Sat, 10 May 2008) | 2 lines
Revert r62998 as it broke the build (seems distutils.config is missing).
........
r63014 | andrew.kuchling | 2008-05-10 18:12:38 -0400 (Sat, 10 May 2008) | 1 line
#1858: add distutils.config module
........
r63027 | brett.cannon | 2008-05-10 21:09:32 -0400 (Sat, 10 May 2008) | 2 lines
Flesh out the 3.0 deprecation to suggest using the ctypes module.
........
r63028 | skip.montanaro | 2008-05-10 22:59:30 -0400 (Sat, 10 May 2008) | 4 lines
Copied two versions of the example from the interactive session. Delete
one.
........
r63037 | georg.brandl | 2008-05-11 03:02:17 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
reload() takes the module itself.
........
r63038 | alexandre.vassalotti | 2008-05-11 03:06:04 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 4 lines
Added test framework for handling module renames.
Factored the import guard in test_py3kwarn.TestStdlibRemovals into
a context manager, namely test_support.CleanImport.
........
r63039 | georg.brandl | 2008-05-11 03:06:05 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
#2742: ``''`` is not converted to NULL in getaddrinfo.
........
r63040 | alexandre.vassalotti | 2008-05-11 03:08:12 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
Fixed typo in a comment of test_support.CleanImport.
........
r63041 | alexandre.vassalotti | 2008-05-11 03:10:25 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
Removed a dead line of code.
........
r63043 | georg.brandl | 2008-05-11 04:47:53 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
#2812: document property.getter/setter/deleter.
........
r63049 | georg.brandl | 2008-05-11 05:06:30 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
#1153769: document PEP 237 changes to string formatting.
........
r63050 | georg.brandl | 2008-05-11 05:11:40 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
#2809: elaborate str.split docstring a bit.
........
r63051 | georg.brandl | 2008-05-11 06:13:59 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
Fix typo.
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r63052 | georg.brandl | 2008-05-11 06:33:27 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
#2709: clarification.
........
r63053 | georg.brandl | 2008-05-11 06:42:28 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
#2659: add ``break_on_hyphens`` to TextWrapper.
........
r63057 | georg.brandl | 2008-05-11 06:59:39 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
#2741: clarification of value range for address_family.
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r63058 | georg.brandl | 2008-05-11 07:09:35 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
#2452: timeout is used for all blocking operations.
........
r63059 | andrew.kuchling | 2008-05-11 09:33:56 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
#1792: Improve performance of marshal.dumps() on large objects by increasing
the size of the buffer more quickly.
........
r63060 | andrew.kuchling | 2008-05-11 10:00:00 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 1 line
#1858: re-apply patch for this, adding the missing files
........
r63061 | benjamin.peterson | 2008-05-11 10:13:25 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
Add the "until" command to pdb
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r63062 | georg.brandl | 2008-05-11 10:17:13 -0400 (Sun, 11 May 2008) | 2 lines
Add some sentence endings.
........
2008-05-15 21:03:33 -03:00
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be raised if the status line can't be parsed as a valid HTTP/1.0 or 1.1
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status line. If the optional *timeout* parameter is given, blocking
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operations (like connection attempts) will timeout after that many seconds
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Merged revisions 63562,63570,63728,63734,63784,63788,63802,63817,63827,63839,63887,63975,63998 via svnmerge from
svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/trunk
........
r63562 | martin.v.loewis | 2008-05-23 17:06:50 +0200 (Fri, 23 May 2008) | 2 lines
Patch #1722225: Support QNX 6.
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r63570 | trent.nelson | 2008-05-23 22:33:14 +0200 (Fri, 23 May 2008) | 1 line
Introduce a user macro named $(externalsDir), which should point to the root directory of where all the external sources should live. Developers can change this value if their external sources live elsewhere. The default of '..\..' matches the current status quo.
........
r63728 | gregory.p.smith | 2008-05-26 23:16:34 +0200 (Mon, 26 May 2008) | 4 lines
Fix issue2589: there was a potential integer overflow leading to
memory corruption on esoteric platforms and incorrect behavior on
normal platforms.
........
r63734 | gregory.p.smith | 2008-05-27 00:07:28 +0200 (Tue, 27 May 2008) | 3 lines
Fix issue2588: Do not execute str[size-1] = '\0' when a 0 size is
passed in. (The assert won't prevent this in non-debug builds).
........
r63784 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-05-29 10:38:23 +0200 (Thu, 29 May 2008) | 1 line
Fix two typos.
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r63788 | facundo.batista | 2008-05-29 18:39:26 +0200 (Thu, 29 May 2008) | 6 lines
Fixed the semantic of timeout for socket.create_connection and
all the upper level libraries that use it, including urllib2.
Added and fixed some tests, and changed docs correspondingly.
Thanks to John J Lee for the patch and the pusing, :)
........
r63802 | mark.dickinson | 2008-05-30 04:46:53 +0200 (Fri, 30 May 2008) | 2 lines
Fix typo in testSum
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r63817 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-05-30 20:20:50 +0200 (Fri, 30 May 2008) | 8 lines
* Mark intermedidate computes values (hi, lo, yr) as volatile.
* Expand comments.
* Swap variable names in the sum_exact code so that x and y
are consistently chosen as the larger and smaller magnitude
values respectively.
........
r63827 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-05-31 05:24:31 +0200 (Sat, 31 May 2008) | 1 line
Implement heapq in terms of less-than (to match list.sort()).
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r63839 | gerhard.haering | 2008-05-31 23:33:27 +0200 (Sat, 31 May 2008) | 2 lines
Fixed rowcount for SELECT statements. They're -1 now (again), for better DB-API 2.0 compliance.
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r63887 | gregory.p.smith | 2008-06-02 06:05:52 +0200 (Mon, 02 Jun 2008) | 4 lines
Fix issue 2782: be less strict about the format string type in strftime.
Accept unicode and anything else ParseTuple "s#" can deal with. This
matches the time.strftime behavior.
........
r63975 | neal.norwitz | 2008-06-06 06:47:01 +0200 (Fri, 06 Jun 2008) | 3 lines
Aldo Cortesi confirmed this is still needed for OpenBSD 4.2 and 4.3.
(I didn't regen configure, since I don't have a working autoconf.)
........
r63998 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-06-06 23:47:51 +0200 (Fri, 06 Jun 2008) | 1 line
Issue 3501: Make heapq support both __le__ and __lt__.
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2008-06-10 14:40:04 -03:00
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(if it is not given, the global default timeout setting is used).
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2007-08-15 11:28:22 -03:00
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For example, the following calls all create instances that connect to the server
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at the same host and port::
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2008-05-26 13:32:26 -03:00
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>>> h1 = http.client.HTTPConnection('www.cwi.nl')
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>>> h2 = http.client.HTTPConnection('www.cwi.nl:80')
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>>> h3 = http.client.HTTPConnection('www.cwi.nl', 80)
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>>> h3 = http.client.HTTPConnection('www.cwi.nl', 80, timeout=10)
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.. class:: HTTPSConnection(host[, port[, key_file[, cert_file[, strict[, timeout]]]]])
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A subclass of :class:`HTTPConnection` that uses SSL for communication with
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secure servers. Default port is ``443``. *key_file* is the name of a PEM
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formatted file that contains your private key. *cert_file* is a PEM formatted
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certificate chain file.
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.. warning::
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This does not do any certificate verification!
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.. class:: HTTPResponse(sock[, debuglevel=0][, strict=0])
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Class whose instances are returned upon successful connection. Not
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instantiated directly by user.
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The following exceptions are raised as appropriate:
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.. exception:: HTTPException
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The base class of the other exceptions in this module. It is a subclass of
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:exc:`Exception`.
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.. exception:: NotConnected
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A subclass of :exc:`HTTPException`.
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.. exception:: InvalidURL
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A subclass of :exc:`HTTPException`, raised if a port is given and is either
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non-numeric or empty.
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.. exception:: UnknownProtocol
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A subclass of :exc:`HTTPException`.
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.. exception:: UnknownTransferEncoding
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A subclass of :exc:`HTTPException`.
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.. exception:: UnimplementedFileMode
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A subclass of :exc:`HTTPException`.
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.. exception:: IncompleteRead
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A subclass of :exc:`HTTPException`.
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.. exception:: ImproperConnectionState
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A subclass of :exc:`HTTPException`.
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.. exception:: CannotSendRequest
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A subclass of :exc:`ImproperConnectionState`.
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.. exception:: CannotSendHeader
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A subclass of :exc:`ImproperConnectionState`.
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.. exception:: ResponseNotReady
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A subclass of :exc:`ImproperConnectionState`.
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.. exception:: BadStatusLine
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A subclass of :exc:`HTTPException`. Raised if a server responds with a HTTP
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status code that we don't understand.
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The constants defined in this module are:
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.. data:: HTTP_PORT
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The default port for the HTTP protocol (always ``80``).
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.. data:: HTTPS_PORT
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The default port for the HTTPS protocol (always ``443``).
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and also the following constants for integer status codes:
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+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
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| Constant | Value | Definition |
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+==========================================+=========+=======================================================================+
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| :const:`CONTINUE` | ``100`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
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|
|
| | | 10.1.1 |
|
|
|
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|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.1.1>`_ |
|
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|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`SWITCHING_PROTOCOLS` | ``101`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.1.2 |
|
|
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|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.1.2>`_ |
|
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|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`PROCESSING` | ``102`` | WEBDAV, `RFC 2518, Section 10.1 |
|
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|
| | | <http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc2518.html#STATUS_102>`_ |
|
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|
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|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`OK` | ``200`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
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|
|
| | | 10.2.1 |
|
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|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.2.1>`_ |
|
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|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
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|
| :const:`CREATED` | ``201`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
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|
| | | 10.2.2 |
|
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|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.2.2>`_ |
|
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|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
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|
|
| :const:`ACCEPTED` | ``202`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
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|
|
| | | 10.2.3 |
|
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|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.2.3>`_ |
|
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|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`NON_AUTHORITATIVE_INFORMATION` | ``203`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
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|
|
| | | 10.2.4 |
|
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|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.2.4>`_ |
|
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|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`NO_CONTENT` | ``204`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
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|
|
| | | 10.2.5 |
|
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|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.2.5>`_ |
|
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|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
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|
|
| :const:`RESET_CONTENT` | ``205`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
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|
| | | 10.2.6 |
|
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|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.2.6>`_ |
|
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|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`PARTIAL_CONTENT` | ``206`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
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|
|
| | | 10.2.7 |
|
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|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.2.7>`_ |
|
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|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`MULTI_STATUS` | ``207`` | WEBDAV `RFC 2518, Section 10.2 |
|
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|
| | | <http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc2518.html#STATUS_207>`_ |
|
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|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
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|
|
| :const:`IM_USED` | ``226`` | Delta encoding in HTTP, |
|
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|
| | | :rfc:`3229`, Section 10.4.1 |
|
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|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
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|
|
| :const:`MULTIPLE_CHOICES` | ``300`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
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|
| | | 10.3.1 |
|
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|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.3.1>`_ |
|
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|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
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|
|
|
| :const:`MOVED_PERMANENTLY` | ``301`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
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|
|
| | | 10.3.2 |
|
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|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.3.2>`_ |
|
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|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
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|
| :const:`FOUND` | ``302`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
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|
|
| | | 10.3.3 |
|
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|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.3.3>`_ |
|
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|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
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|
|
| :const:`SEE_OTHER` | ``303`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
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|
|
| | | 10.3.4 |
|
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|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.3.4>`_ |
|
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|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
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|
|
| :const:`NOT_MODIFIED` | ``304`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.3.5 |
|
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|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.3.5>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`USE_PROXY` | ``305`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.3.6 |
|
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|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.3.6>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`TEMPORARY_REDIRECT` | ``307`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.3.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.3.8>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`BAD_REQUEST` | ``400`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.4.1 |
|
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|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.1>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`UNAUTHORIZED` | ``401`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.4.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.2>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`PAYMENT_REQUIRED` | ``402`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.4.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.3>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`FORBIDDEN` | ``403`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.4.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.4>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`NOT_FOUND` | ``404`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.4.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.5>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`METHOD_NOT_ALLOWED` | ``405`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.4.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.6>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`NOT_ACCEPTABLE` | ``406`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.4.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.7>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`PROXY_AUTHENTICATION_REQUIRED` | ``407`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.4.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.8>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`REQUEST_TIMEOUT` | ``408`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.4.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.9>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`CONFLICT` | ``409`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.4.10 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.10>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`GONE` | ``410`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.4.11 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.11>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`LENGTH_REQUIRED` | ``411`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.4.12 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.12>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`PRECONDITION_FAILED` | ``412`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.4.13 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.13>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE` | ``413`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.4.14 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.14>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`REQUEST_URI_TOO_LONG` | ``414`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.4.15 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.15>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`UNSUPPORTED_MEDIA_TYPE` | ``415`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.4.16 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.16>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`REQUESTED_RANGE_NOT_SATISFIABLE` | ``416`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.4.17 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.17>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`EXPECTATION_FAILED` | ``417`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.4.18 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.4.18>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`UNPROCESSABLE_ENTITY` | ``422`` | WEBDAV, `RFC 2518, Section 10.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc2518.html#STATUS_422>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`LOCKED` | ``423`` | WEBDAV `RFC 2518, Section 10.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc2518.html#STATUS_423>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`FAILED_DEPENDENCY` | ``424`` | WEBDAV, `RFC 2518, Section 10.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc2518.html#STATUS_424>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`UPGRADE_REQUIRED` | ``426`` | HTTP Upgrade to TLS, |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | :rfc:`2817`, Section 6 |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR` | ``500`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.5.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.5.1>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`NOT_IMPLEMENTED` | ``501`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.5.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.5.2>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`BAD_GATEWAY` | ``502`` | HTTP/1.1 `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.5.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.5.3>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE` | ``503`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.5.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.5.4>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`GATEWAY_TIMEOUT` | ``504`` | HTTP/1.1 `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.5.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.5.5>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`HTTP_VERSION_NOT_SUPPORTED` | ``505`` | HTTP/1.1, `RFC 2616, Section |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | 10.5.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec10.html#sec10.5.6>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`INSUFFICIENT_STORAGE` | ``507`` | WEBDAV, `RFC 2518, Section 10.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | <http://www.webdav.org/specs/rfc2518.html#STATUS_507>`_ |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
| :const:`NOT_EXTENDED` | ``510`` | An HTTP Extension Framework, |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | :rfc:`2774`, Section 7 |
|
|
|
|
|
+------------------------------------------+---------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. data:: responses
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This dictionary maps the HTTP 1.1 status codes to the W3C names.
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008-05-26 13:32:26 -03:00
|
|
|
Example: ``http.client.responses[http.client.NOT_FOUND]`` is ``'Not Found'``.
|
2007-08-15 11:28:22 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _httpconnection-objects:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
HTTPConnection Objects
|
|
|
|
|
----------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
:class:`HTTPConnection` instances have the following methods:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. method:: HTTPConnection.request(method, url[, body[, headers]])
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009-03-27 17:24:34 -03:00
|
|
|
This will send a request to the server using the HTTP request
|
|
|
|
|
method *method* and the selector *url*. If the *body* argument is
|
|
|
|
|
present, it should be string or bytes object of data to send after
|
|
|
|
|
the headers are finished. Strings are encoded as ISO-8859-1, the
|
|
|
|
|
default charset for HTTP. To use other encodings, pass a bytes
|
|
|
|
|
object. The Content-Length header is set to the length of the
|
|
|
|
|
string.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The *body* may also be an open file object, in which case the
|
|
|
|
|
contents of the file is sent; this file object should support
|
|
|
|
|
``fileno()`` and ``read()`` methods. The header Content-Length is
|
|
|
|
|
automatically set to the length of the file as reported by
|
|
|
|
|
stat.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The *headers* argument should be a mapping of extra HTTP
|
|
|
|
|
headers to send with the request.
|
2007-08-15 11:28:22 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. method:: HTTPConnection.getresponse()
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Should be called after a request is sent to get the response from the server.
|
|
|
|
|
Returns an :class:`HTTPResponse` instance.
|
|
|
|
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.. note::
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Note that you must have read the whole response before you can send a new
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request to the server.
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.. method:: HTTPConnection.set_debuglevel(level)
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Set the debugging level (the amount of debugging output printed). The default
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debug level is ``0``, meaning no debugging output is printed.
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.. method:: HTTPConnection.connect()
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Connect to the server specified when the object was created.
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.. method:: HTTPConnection.close()
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Close the connection to the server.
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As an alternative to using the :meth:`request` method described above, you can
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also send your request step by step, by using the four functions below.
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.. method:: HTTPConnection.putrequest(request, selector[, skip_host[, skip_accept_encoding]])
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This should be the first call after the connection to the server has been made.
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It sends a line to the server consisting of the *request* string, the *selector*
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string, and the HTTP version (``HTTP/1.1``). To disable automatic sending of
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``Host:`` or ``Accept-Encoding:`` headers (for example to accept additional
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content encodings), specify *skip_host* or *skip_accept_encoding* with non-False
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values.
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.. method:: HTTPConnection.putheader(header, argument[, ...])
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Send an :rfc:`822`\ -style header to the server. It sends a line to the server
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consisting of the header, a colon and a space, and the first argument. If more
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arguments are given, continuation lines are sent, each consisting of a tab and
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an argument.
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.. method:: HTTPConnection.endheaders()
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Send a blank line to the server, signalling the end of the headers.
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.. method:: HTTPConnection.send(data)
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Send data to the server. This should be used directly only after the
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:meth:`endheaders` method has been called and before :meth:`getresponse` is
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called.
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.. _httpresponse-objects:
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HTTPResponse Objects
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--------------------
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2009-03-31 11:40:19 -03:00
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An :class:`HTTPResponse` instance wraps the HTTP response from the
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server. It provides access to the request headers and the entity
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body. The response is an iterable object and can be used in a with
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statement.
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2007-08-15 11:28:22 -03:00
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.. method:: HTTPResponse.read([amt])
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Reads and returns the response body, or up to the next *amt* bytes.
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.. method:: HTTPResponse.getheader(name[, default])
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Get the contents of the header *name*, or *default* if there is no matching
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header.
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.. method:: HTTPResponse.getheaders()
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Return a list of (header, value) tuples.
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.. attribute:: HTTPResponse.msg
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|
2009-03-31 11:40:19 -03:00
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A :class:`http.client.HTTPMessage` instance containing the response
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headers. :class:`http.client.HTTPMessage` is a subclass of
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:class:`email.message.Message`.
|
2007-08-15 11:28:22 -03:00
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.. attribute:: HTTPResponse.version
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HTTP protocol version used by server. 10 for HTTP/1.0, 11 for HTTP/1.1.
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.. attribute:: HTTPResponse.status
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Status code returned by server.
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.. attribute:: HTTPResponse.reason
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Reason phrase returned by server.
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|
2009-03-31 11:40:19 -03:00
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.. attribute:: HTTPResponse.debuglevel
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A debugging hook. If `debuglevel` is greater than zero, messages
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|
will be printed to stdout as the response is read and parsed.
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|
2007-08-15 11:28:22 -03:00
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Examples
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|
--------
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|
Here is an example session that uses the ``GET`` method::
|
|
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|
|
|
2008-05-26 13:32:26 -03:00
|
|
|
>>> import http.client
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|
|
>>> conn = http.client.HTTPConnection("www.python.org")
|
2007-08-15 11:28:22 -03:00
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|
>>> conn.request("GET", "/index.html")
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|
|
>>> r1 = conn.getresponse()
|
2007-09-04 04:15:32 -03:00
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|
|
>>> print(r1.status, r1.reason)
|
2007-08-15 11:28:22 -03:00
|
|
|
200 OK
|
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|
|
>>> data1 = r1.read()
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|
|
>>> conn.request("GET", "/parrot.spam")
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|
|
>>> r2 = conn.getresponse()
|
2007-09-04 04:15:32 -03:00
|
|
|
>>> print(r2.status, r2.reason)
|
2007-08-15 11:28:22 -03:00
|
|
|
404 Not Found
|
|
|
|
|
>>> data2 = r2.read()
|
|
|
|
|
>>> conn.close()
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Here is an example session that shows how to ``POST`` requests::
|
|
|
|
|
|
2008-06-23 01:41:59 -03:00
|
|
|
>>> import http.client, urllib.parse
|
|
|
|
|
>>> params = urllib.parse.urlencode({'spam': 1, 'eggs': 2, 'bacon': 0})
|
2007-08-15 11:28:22 -03:00
|
|
|
>>> headers = {"Content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",
|
|
|
|
|
... "Accept": "text/plain"}
|
2008-05-26 13:32:26 -03:00
|
|
|
>>> conn = http.client.HTTPConnection("musi-cal.mojam.com:80")
|
2007-08-15 11:28:22 -03:00
|
|
|
>>> conn.request("POST", "/cgi-bin/query", params, headers)
|
|
|
|
|
>>> response = conn.getresponse()
|
2007-09-04 04:15:32 -03:00
|
|
|
>>> print(response.status, response.reason)
|
2007-08-15 11:28:22 -03:00
|
|
|
200 OK
|
|
|
|
|
>>> data = response.read()
|
|
|
|
|
>>> conn.close()
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009-03-31 11:40:19 -03:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _httpmessage-objects:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
HTTPMessage Objects
|
|
|
|
|
-------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009-04-01 21:24:00 -03:00
|
|
|
An :class:`http.client.HTTPMessage` instance holds the headers from an HTTP
|
|
|
|
|
response. It is implemented using the :class:`email.message.Message` class.
|
2009-03-31 11:40:19 -03:00
|
|
|
|
2009-04-01 21:24:00 -03:00
|
|
|
.. XXX Define the methods that clients can depend upon between versions.
|
