cpython/Doc/api/utilities.tex

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\chapter{Utilities \label{utilities}}
The functions in this chapter perform various utility tasks, ranging
from helping C code be more portable across platforms, using Python
modules from C, and parsing function arguments and constructing Python
values from C values.
\section{Operating System Utilities \label{os}}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{Py_FdIsInteractive}{FILE *fp, const char *filename}
Return true (nonzero) if the standard I/O file \var{fp} with name
\var{filename} is deemed interactive. This is the case for files
for which \samp{isatty(fileno(\var{fp}))} is true. If the global
flag \cdata{Py_InteractiveFlag} is true, this function also returns
true if the \var{filename} pointer is \NULL{} or if the name is
equal to one of the strings \code{'<stdin>'} or \code{'???'}.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{long}{PyOS_GetLastModificationTime}{char *filename}
Return the time of last modification of the file \var{filename}.
The result is encoded in the same way as the timestamp returned by
the standard C library function \cfunction{time()}.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{void}{PyOS_AfterFork}{}
Function to update some internal state after a process fork; this
should be called in the new process if the Python interpreter will
continue to be used. If a new executable is loaded into the new
process, this function does not need to be called.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyOS_CheckStack}{}
Return true when the interpreter runs out of stack space. This is a
reliable check, but is only available when \constant{USE_STACKCHECK}
is defined (currently on Windows using the Microsoft Visual \Cpp{}
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compiler). \constant{USE_STACKCHECK} will be
defined automatically; you should never change the definition in
your own code.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{PyOS_sighandler_t}{PyOS_getsig}{int i}
Return the current signal handler for signal \var{i}. This is a
thin wrapper around either \cfunction{sigaction()} or
\cfunction{signal()}. Do not call those functions directly!
\ctype{PyOS_sighandler_t} is a typedef alias for \ctype{void
(*)(int)}.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{PyOS_sighandler_t}{PyOS_setsig}{int i, PyOS_sighandler_t h}
Set the signal handler for signal \var{i} to be \var{h}; return the
old signal handler. This is a thin wrapper around either
\cfunction{sigaction()} or \cfunction{signal()}. Do not call those
functions directly! \ctype{PyOS_sighandler_t} is a typedef alias
for \ctype{void (*)(int)}.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\section{Process Control \label{processControl}}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{void}{Py_FatalError}{const char *message}
Print a fatal error message and kill the process. No cleanup is
performed. This function should only be invoked when a condition is
detected that would make it dangerous to continue using the Python
interpreter; e.g., when the object administration appears to be
corrupted. On \UNIX, the standard C library function
\cfunction{abort()}\ttindex{abort()} is called which will attempt to
produce a \file{core} file.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{void}{Py_Exit}{int status}
Exit the current process. This calls
\cfunction{Py_Finalize()}\ttindex{Py_Finalize()} and then calls the
standard C library function
\code{exit(\var{status})}\ttindex{exit()}.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{Py_AtExit}{void (*func) ()}
Register a cleanup function to be called by
\cfunction{Py_Finalize()}\ttindex{Py_Finalize()}. The cleanup
function will be called with no arguments and should return no
value. At most 32 \index{cleanup functions}cleanup functions can be
registered. When the registration is successful,
\cfunction{Py_AtExit()} returns \code{0}; on failure, it returns
\code{-1}. The cleanup function registered last is called first.
Each cleanup function will be called at most once. Since Python's
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internal finalization will have completed before the cleanup
function, no Python APIs should be called by \var{func}.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\section{Importing Modules \label{importing}}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyImport_ImportModule}{const char *name}
This is a simplified interface to
\cfunction{PyImport_ImportModuleEx()} below, leaving the
\var{globals} and \var{locals} arguments set to \NULL. When the
\var{name} argument contains a dot (when it specifies a submodule of
a package), the \var{fromlist} argument is set to the list
\code{['*']} so that the return value is the named module rather
than the top-level package containing it as would otherwise be the
case. (Unfortunately, this has an additional side effect when
\var{name} in fact specifies a subpackage instead of a submodule:
the submodules specified in the package's \code{__all__} variable
are \index{package variable!\code{__all__}}
\withsubitem{(package variable)}{\ttindex{__all__}}loaded.) Return
a new reference to the imported module, or \NULL{} with an exception
set on failure. Before Python 2.4, the module may still be created in
the failure case --- examine \code{sys.modules} to find out. Starting
with Python 2.4, a failing import of a module no longer leaves the
module in \code{sys.modules}.
\versionchanged[failing imports remove incomplete module objects]{2.4}
\withsubitem{(in module sys)}{\ttindex{modules}}
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyImport_ImportModuleEx}{char *name,
PyObject *globals, PyObject *locals, PyObject *fromlist}
Import a module. This is best described by referring to the
built-in Python function
\function{__import__()}\bifuncindex{__import__}, as the standard
\function{__import__()} function calls this function directly.
The return value is a new reference to the imported module or
top-level package, or \NULL{} with an exception set on failure (before
Python 2.4, the
module may still be created in this case). Like for
\function{__import__()}, the return value when a submodule of a
package was requested is normally the top-level package, unless a
non-empty \var{fromlist} was given.
\versionchanged[failing imports remove incomplete module objects]{2.4}
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyImport_Import}{PyObject *name}
This is a higher-level interface that calls the current ``import
hook function''. It invokes the \function{__import__()} function
from the \code{__builtins__} of the current globals. This means
that the import is done using whatever import hooks are installed in
the current environment, e.g. by \module{rexec}\refstmodindex{rexec}
or \module{ihooks}\refstmodindex{ihooks}.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyImport_ReloadModule}{PyObject *m}
Merged revisions 55631-55794 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/branches/p3yk ................ r55636 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-29 00:06:39 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 149 lines Merged revisions 55506-55635 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/trunk ........ r55507 | georg.brandl | 2007-05-22 07:28:17 -0700 (Tue, 22 May 2007) | 2 lines Remove the "panel" module doc file which has been ignored since 1994. ........ r55522 | mark.hammond | 2007-05-22 19:04:28 -0700 (Tue, 22 May 2007) | 4 lines Remove definition of PY_UNICODE_TYPE from pyconfig.h, allowing the definition in unicodeobject.h to be used, giving us the desired wchar_t in place of 'unsigned short'. As discussed on python-dev. ........ r55525 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-22 23:35:32 -0700 (Tue, 22 May 2007) | 6 lines Add -3 option to the interpreter to warn about features that are deprecated and will be changed/removed in Python 3.0. This patch is mostly from Anthony. I tweaked some format and added a little doc. ........ r55527 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-22 23:57:35 -0700 (Tue, 22 May 2007) | 1 line Whitespace cleanup ........ r55528 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-22 23:58:36 -0700 (Tue, 22 May 2007) | 1 line Add a bunch more deprecation warnings for builtins that are going away in 3.0 ........ r55549 | georg.brandl | 2007-05-24 09:49:29 -0700 (Thu, 24 May 2007) | 2 lines shlex.split() now has an optional "posix" parameter. ........ r55550 | georg.brandl | 2007-05-24 10:33:33 -0700 (Thu, 24 May 2007) | 2 lines Fix parameter passing. ........ r55555 | facundo.batista | 2007-05-24 10:50:54 -0700 (Thu, 24 May 2007) | 6 lines Added an optional timeout parameter to urllib.ftpwrapper, with tests (for this and a basic one, because there weren't any). Changed also NEWS, but didn't find documentation for this function, assumed it wasn't public... ........ r55563 | facundo.batista | 2007-05-24 13:01:59 -0700 (Thu, 24 May 2007) | 4 lines Removed the .recv() in the test, is not necessary, and was causing problems that didn't have anything to do with was actually being tested... ........ r55564 | facundo.batista | 2007-05-24 13:51:19 -0700 (Thu, 24 May 2007) | 5 lines Let's see if reading exactly what is written allow this live test to pass (now I know why there were so few tests in ftp, http, etc, :( ). ........ r55567 | facundo.batista | 2007-05-24 20:10:28 -0700 (Thu, 24 May 2007) | 4 lines Trying to make the tests work in Windows and Solaris, everywhere else just works ........ r55568 | facundo.batista | 2007-05-24 20:47:19 -0700 (Thu, 24 May 2007) | 4 lines Fixing stupid error, and introducing a sleep, to see if the other thread is awakened and finish sending data. ........ r55569 | facundo.batista | 2007-05-24 21:20:22 -0700 (Thu, 24 May 2007) | 4 lines Commenting out the tests until find out who can test them in one of the problematic enviroments. ........ r55570 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-24 22:13:40 -0700 (Thu, 24 May 2007) | 2 lines Get test passing again by commenting out the reference to the test class. ........ r55575 | vinay.sajip | 2007-05-25 00:05:59 -0700 (Fri, 25 May 2007) | 1 line Updated docstring for SysLogHandler (#1720726). ........ r55576 | vinay.sajip | 2007-05-25 00:06:55 -0700 (Fri, 25 May 2007) | 1 line Updated documentation for SysLogHandler (#1720726). ........ r55592 | brett.cannon | 2007-05-25 13:17:15 -0700 (Fri, 25 May 2007) | 3 lines Remove direct call's to file's constructor and replace them with calls to open() as ths is considered best practice. ........ r55601 | kristjan.jonsson | 2007-05-26 12:19:50 -0700 (Sat, 26 May 2007) | 1 line Remove the rgbimgmodule from PCBuild8 ........ r55602 | kristjan.jonsson | 2007-05-26 12:31:39 -0700 (Sat, 26 May 2007) | 1 line Include <windows.h> after python.h, so that WINNT is properly set before windows.h is included. Fixes warnings in PC builds. ........ r55603 | walter.doerwald | 2007-05-26 14:04:13 -0700 (Sat, 26 May 2007) | 2 lines Fix typo. ........ r55604 | peter.astrand | 2007-05-26 15:18:20 -0700 (Sat, 26 May 2007) | 1 line Applied patch 1669481, slightly modified: Support close_fds on Win32 ........ r55606 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-26 21:08:54 -0700 (Sat, 26 May 2007) | 2 lines Add the new function object attribute names from py3k. ........ r55617 | lars.gustaebel | 2007-05-27 12:49:30 -0700 (Sun, 27 May 2007) | 20 lines Added errors argument to TarFile class that allows the user to specify an error handling scheme for character conversion. Additional scheme "utf-8" in read mode. Unicode input filenames are now supported by design. The values of the pax_headers dictionary are now limited to unicode objects. Fixed: The prefix field is no longer used in PAX_FORMAT (in conformance with POSIX). Fixed: In read mode use a possible pax header size field. Fixed: Strip trailing slashes from pax header name values. Fixed: Give values in user-specified pax_headers precedence when writing. Added unicode tests. Added pax/regtype4 member to testtar.tar all possible number fields in a pax header. Added two chapters to the documentation about the different formats tarfile.py supports and how unicode issues are handled. ........ r55618 | raymond.hettinger | 2007-05-27 22:23:22 -0700 (Sun, 27 May 2007) | 1 line Explain when groupby() issues a new group. ........ r55634 | martin.v.loewis | 2007-05-28 21:01:29 -0700 (Mon, 28 May 2007) | 2 lines Test pre-commit hook for a link to a .py file. ........ r55635 | martin.v.loewis | 2007-05-28 21:02:03 -0700 (Mon, 28 May 2007) | 2 lines Revert 55634. ........ ................ r55639 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-29 00:58:11 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 1 line Remove sys.exc_{type,exc_value,exc_traceback} ................ r55641 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-29 01:03:50 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 1 line Missed one sys.exc_type. I wonder why exc_{value,traceback} were already gone ................ r55642 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-29 01:08:33 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 1 line Missed more doc for sys.exc_* attrs. ................ r55643 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-29 01:18:19 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 1 line Remove sys.exc_clear() ................ r55665 | guido.van.rossum | 2007-05-29 19:45:43 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 4 lines Make None, True, False keywords. We can now also delete all the other places that explicitly forbid assignment to None, but I'm not going to bother right now. ................ r55666 | guido.van.rossum | 2007-05-29 20:01:51 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 3 lines Found another place that needs check for forbidden names. Fixed test_syntax.py accordingly (it helped me find that one). ................ r55668 | guido.van.rossum | 2007-05-29 20:41:48 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 2 lines Mark None, True, False as keywords. ................ r55673 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-29 23:28:25 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 3 lines Get the dis module working on modules again after changing dicts to not return lists and also new-style classes. Add a test. ................ r55674 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-29 23:35:45 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 1 line Umm, it helps to add the module that the test uses ................ r55675 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-29 23:53:05 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 4 lines Try to fix up all the other places that were assigning to True/False. There's at least one more problem in test.test_xmlrpc. I have other changes in that file and that should be fixed soon (I hope). ................ r55679 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-30 00:31:55 -0700 (Wed, 30 May 2007) | 1 line Fix up another place that was assigning to True/False. ................ r55688 | brett.cannon | 2007-05-30 14:19:47 -0700 (Wed, 30 May 2007) | 2 lines Ditch MimeWriter. ................ r55692 | brett.cannon | 2007-05-30 14:52:00 -0700 (Wed, 30 May 2007) | 2 lines Remove the mimify module. ................ r55707 | guido.van.rossum | 2007-05-31 05:08:45 -0700 (Thu, 31 May 2007) | 2 lines Backport the addition of show_code() to dis.py -- it's too handy. ................ r55708 | guido.van.rossum | 2007-05-31 06:22:57 -0700 (Thu, 31 May 2007) | 7 lines Fix a fairly long-standing bug in the check for assignment to None (and other keywords, these days). In 2.5, you could write foo(None=1) without getting a SyntaxError (although foo()'s definition would have to use **kwds to avoid getting a runtime error complaining about an unknown keyword of course). This ought to be backported to 2.5.2 or at least 2.6. ................ r55724 | brett.cannon | 2007-05-31 19:32:41 -0700 (Thu, 31 May 2007) | 2 lines Remove the cfmfile. ................ r55727 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-31 22:19:44 -0700 (Thu, 31 May 2007) | 1 line Remove reload() builtin. ................ r55729 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-31 22:51:30 -0700 (Thu, 31 May 2007) | 59 lines Merged revisions 55636-55728 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/trunk ........ r55637 | georg.brandl | 2007-05-29 00:16:47 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 2 lines Fix rst markup. ........ r55638 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-29 00:51:39 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 1 line Fix typo in doc ........ r55671 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-29 21:53:41 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 1 line Fix indentation (whitespace only). ........ r55676 | thomas.heller | 2007-05-29 23:58:30 -0700 (Tue, 29 May 2007) | 1 line Fix compiler warnings. ........ r55677 | thomas.heller | 2007-05-30 00:01:25 -0700 (Wed, 30 May 2007) | 2 lines Correct the name of a field in the WIN32_FIND_DATAA and WIN32_FIND_DATAW structures. Closes bug #1726026. ........ r55686 | brett.cannon | 2007-05-30 13:46:26 -0700 (Wed, 30 May 2007) | 2 lines Have MimeWriter raise a DeprecationWarning as per PEP 4 and its documentation. ........ r55690 | brett.cannon | 2007-05-30 14:48:58 -0700 (Wed, 30 May 2007) | 3 lines Have mimify raise a DeprecationWarning. The docs and PEP 4 have listed the module as deprecated for a while. ........ r55696 | brett.cannon | 2007-05-30 15:24:28 -0700 (Wed, 30 May 2007) | 2 lines Have md5 raise a DeprecationWarning as per PEP 4. ........ r55705 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-30 21:14:22 -0700 (Wed, 30 May 2007) | 1 line Add some spaces in the example code. ........ r55716 | brett.cannon | 2007-05-31 12:20:00 -0700 (Thu, 31 May 2007) | 2 lines Have the sha module raise a DeprecationWarning as specified in PEP 4. ........ r55719 | brett.cannon | 2007-05-31 12:40:42 -0700 (Thu, 31 May 2007) | 2 lines Cause buildtools to raise a DeprecationWarning. ........ r55721 | brett.cannon | 2007-05-31 13:01:11 -0700 (Thu, 31 May 2007) | 2 lines Have cfmfile raise a DeprecationWarning as per PEP 4. ........ r55726 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-31 21:56:47 -0700 (Thu, 31 May 2007) | 1 line Mail if there is an installation failure. ........ ................ r55730 | neal.norwitz | 2007-05-31 23:22:07 -0700 (Thu, 31 May 2007) | 2 lines Remove the code that was missed in rev 55303. ................ r55738 | neal.norwitz | 2007-06-01 19:10:43 -0700 (Fri, 01 Jun 2007) | 1 line Fix doc breakage ................ r55741 | neal.norwitz | 2007-06-02 00:41:58 -0700 (Sat, 02 Jun 2007) | 1 line Remove timing module (plus some remnants of other modules). ................ r55742 | neal.norwitz | 2007-06-02 00:51:44 -0700 (Sat, 02 Jun 2007) | 1 line Remove posixfile module (plus some remnants of other modules). ................ r55744 | neal.norwitz | 2007-06-02 10:18:56 -0700 (Sat, 02 Jun 2007) | 1 line Fix doc breakage. ................ r55745 | neal.norwitz | 2007-06-02 11:32:16 -0700 (Sat, 02 Jun 2007) | 1 line Make a whatsnew 3.0 template. ................ r55754 | neal.norwitz | 2007-06-03 23:24:18 -0700 (Sun, 03 Jun 2007) | 1 line SF #1730441, os._execvpe raises UnboundLocal due to new try/except semantics ................ r55755 | neal.norwitz | 2007-06-03 23:26:00 -0700 (Sun, 03 Jun 2007) | 1 line Get rid of extra whitespace ................ r55794 | guido.van.rossum | 2007-06-06 15:29:22 -0700 (Wed, 06 Jun 2007) | 3 lines Make this compile in GCC 2.96, which does not allow interspersing declarations and code. ................
2007-06-06 20:52:48 -03:00
Reload a module. Return a new reference to the reloaded module, or \NULL{}
with an exception set on failure (the module still exists in this
case).
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyImport_AddModule}{const char *name}
Return the module object corresponding to a module name. The
\var{name} argument may be of the form \code{package.module}.
First check the modules dictionary if there's one there, and if not,
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create a new one and insert it in the modules dictionary.
Return \NULL{} with an exception set on failure.
\note{This function does not load or import the module; if the
module wasn't already loaded, you will get an empty module object.
Use \cfunction{PyImport_ImportModule()} or one of its variants to
import a module. Package structures implied by a dotted name for
\var{name} are not created if not already present.}
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyImport_ExecCodeModule}{char *name, PyObject *co}
Given a module name (possibly of the form \code{package.module}) and
a code object read from a Python bytecode file or obtained from the
built-in function \function{compile()}\bifuncindex{compile}, load
the module. Return a new reference to the module object, or \NULL{}
with an exception set if an error occurred. Before Python 2.4, the module
could still be created in error cases. Starting with Python 2.4,
\var{name} is removed from \code{sys.modules} in error cases, and even
if \var{name} was already in \code{sys.modules} on entry to
\cfunction{PyImport_ExecCodeModule()}. Leaving incompletely initialized
modules in \code{sys.modules} is dangerous, as imports of such modules
have no way to know that the module object is an unknown (and probably
damaged with respect to the module author's intents) state.
This function will reload the module if it was already imported. See
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\cfunction{PyImport_ReloadModule()} for the intended way to reload a
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module.
If \var{name} points to a dotted name of the
form \code{package.module}, any package structures not already
created will still not be created.
\versionchanged[\var{name} is removed from \code{sys.modules} in error cases]{2.4}
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{long}{PyImport_GetMagicNumber}{}
Return the magic number for Python bytecode files
(a.k.a. \file{.pyc} and \file{.pyo} files). The magic number should
be present in the first four bytes of the bytecode file, in
little-endian byte order.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyImport_GetModuleDict}{}
Return the dictionary used for the module administration
(a.k.a.\ \code{sys.modules}). Note that this is a per-interpreter
variable.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{void}{_PyImport_Init}{}
Initialize the import mechanism. For internal use only.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{void}{PyImport_Cleanup}{}
Empty the module table. For internal use only.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{void}{_PyImport_Fini}{}
Finalize the import mechanism. For internal use only.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{_PyImport_FindExtension}{char *, char *}
For internal use only.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{_PyImport_FixupExtension}{char *, char *}
For internal use only.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyImport_ImportFrozenModule}{char *name}
Load a frozen module named \var{name}. Return \code{1} for success,
\code{0} if the module is not found, and \code{-1} with an exception
set if the initialization failed. To access the imported module on
a successful load, use \cfunction{PyImport_ImportModule()}. (Note
the misnomer --- this function would reload the module if it was
already imported.)
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{ctypedesc}[_frozen]{struct _frozen}
This is the structure type definition for frozen module descriptors,
as generated by the \program{freeze}\index{freeze utility} utility
(see \file{Tools/freeze/} in the Python source distribution). Its
definition, found in \file{Include/import.h}, is:
\begin{verbatim}
struct _frozen {
char *name;
unsigned char *code;
int size;
};
\end{verbatim}
\end{ctypedesc}
\begin{cvardesc}{struct _frozen*}{PyImport_FrozenModules}
This pointer is initialized to point to an array of \ctype{struct
_frozen} records, terminated by one whose members are all \NULL{} or
zero. When a frozen module is imported, it is searched in this
table. Third-party code could play tricks with this to provide a
dynamically created collection of frozen modules.
\end{cvardesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyImport_AppendInittab}{char *name,
void (*initfunc)(void)}
Add a single module to the existing table of built-in modules. This
is a convenience wrapper around
\cfunction{PyImport_ExtendInittab()}, returning \code{-1} if the
table could not be extended. The new module can be imported by the
name \var{name}, and uses the function \var{initfunc} as the
initialization function called on the first attempted import. This
should be called before \cfunction{Py_Initialize()}.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{ctypedesc}[_inittab]{struct _inittab}
Structure describing a single entry in the list of built-in
modules. Each of these structures gives the name and initialization
function for a module built into the interpreter. Programs which
embed Python may use an array of these structures in conjunction
with \cfunction{PyImport_ExtendInittab()} to provide additional
built-in modules. The structure is defined in
\file{Include/import.h} as:
\begin{verbatim}
struct _inittab {
char *name;
void (*initfunc)(void);
};
\end{verbatim}
\end{ctypedesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyImport_ExtendInittab}{struct _inittab *newtab}
Add a collection of modules to the table of built-in modules. The
\var{newtab} array must end with a sentinel entry which contains
\NULL{} for the \member{name} field; failure to provide the sentinel
value can result in a memory fault. Returns \code{0} on success or
\code{-1} if insufficient memory could be allocated to extend the
internal table. In the event of failure, no modules are added to
the internal table. This should be called before
\cfunction{Py_Initialize()}.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\section{Data marshalling support \label{marshalling-utils}}
These routines allow C code to work with serialized objects using the
same data format as the \module{marshal} module. There are functions
to write data into the serialization format, and additional functions
that can be used to read the data back. Files used to store marshalled
data must be opened in binary mode.
Numeric values are stored with the least significant byte first.
The module supports two versions of the data format: version 0 is the
historical version, version 1 (new in Python 2.4) shares interned
strings in the file, and upon unmarshalling. \var{Py_MARSHAL_VERSION}
indicates the current file format (currently 1).
\begin{cfuncdesc}{void}{PyMarshal_WriteLongToFile}{long value, FILE *file, int version}
Marshal a \ctype{long} integer, \var{value}, to \var{file}. This
will only write the least-significant 32 bits of \var{value};
regardless of the size of the native \ctype{long} type.
\versionchanged[\var{version} indicates the file format]{2.4}
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{void}{PyMarshal_WriteObjectToFile}{PyObject *value,
FILE *file, int version}
Marshal a Python object, \var{value}, to \var{file}.
\versionchanged[\var{version} indicates the file format]{2.4}
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyMarshal_WriteObjectToString}{PyObject *value, int version}
Return a string object containing the marshalled representation of
\var{value}.
\versionchanged[\var{version} indicates the file format]{2.4}
\end{cfuncdesc}
The following functions allow marshalled values to be read back in.
XXX What about error detection? It appears that reading past the end
of the file will always result in a negative numeric value (where
that's relevant), but it's not clear that negative values won't be
handled properly when there's no error. What's the right way to tell?
Should only non-negative values be written using these routines?
\begin{cfuncdesc}{long}{PyMarshal_ReadLongFromFile}{FILE *file}
Return a C \ctype{long} from the data stream in a \ctype{FILE*}
opened for reading. Only a 32-bit value can be read in using
this function, regardless of the native size of \ctype{long}.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyMarshal_ReadShortFromFile}{FILE *file}
Return a C \ctype{short} from the data stream in a \ctype{FILE*}
opened for reading. Only a 16-bit value can be read in using
this function, regardless of the native size of \ctype{short}.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyMarshal_ReadObjectFromFile}{FILE *file}
Return a Python object from the data stream in a \ctype{FILE*}
opened for reading. On error, sets the appropriate exception
(\exception{EOFError} or \exception{TypeError}) and returns \NULL.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyMarshal_ReadLastObjectFromFile}{FILE *file}
Return a Python object from the data stream in a \ctype{FILE*}
opened for reading. Unlike
\cfunction{PyMarshal_ReadObjectFromFile()}, this function assumes
that no further objects will be read from the file, allowing it to
aggressively load file data into memory so that the de-serialization
can operate from data in memory rather than reading a byte at a time
from the file. Only use these variant if you are certain that you
won't be reading anything else from the file. On error, sets the
appropriate exception (\exception{EOFError} or
\exception{TypeError}) and returns \NULL.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{PyMarshal_ReadObjectFromString}{char *string,
Py_ssize_t len}
Return a Python object from the data stream in a character buffer
containing \var{len} bytes pointed to by \var{string}. On error,
sets the appropriate exception (\exception{EOFError} or
\exception{TypeError}) and returns \NULL.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\section{Parsing arguments and building values
\label{arg-parsing}}
These functions are useful when creating your own extensions functions
and methods. Additional information and examples are available in
\citetitle[../ext/ext.html]{Extending and Embedding the Python
Interpreter}.
The first three of these functions described,
\cfunction{PyArg_ParseTuple()},
\cfunction{PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords()}, and
\cfunction{PyArg_Parse()}, all use \emph{format strings} which are
used to tell the function about the expected arguments. The format
strings use the same syntax for each of these functions.
A format string consists of zero or more ``format units.'' A format
unit describes one Python object; it is usually a single character or
a parenthesized sequence of format units. With a few exceptions, a
format unit that is not a parenthesized sequence normally corresponds
to a single address argument to these functions. In the following
description, the quoted form is the format unit; the entry in (round)
parentheses is the Python object type that matches the format unit;
and the entry in [square] brackets is the type of the C variable(s)
whose address should be passed.
\begin{description}
\item[\samp{s} (string or Unicode object) {[const char *]}]
Convert a Python string or Unicode object to a C pointer to a
character string. You must not provide storage for the string
itself; a pointer to an existing string is stored into the character
pointer variable whose address you pass. The C string is
NUL-terminated. The Python string must not contain embedded NUL
bytes; if it does, a \exception{TypeError} exception is raised.
Unicode objects are converted to C strings using the default
encoding. If this conversion fails, a \exception{UnicodeError} is
raised.
\item[\samp{s\#} (string, Unicode or any read buffer compatible object)
{[const char *, int]}]
This variant on \samp{s} stores into two C variables, the first one
a pointer to a character string, the second one its length. In this
case the Python string may contain embedded null bytes. Unicode
objects pass back a pointer to the default encoded string version of
the object if such a conversion is possible. All other read-buffer
compatible objects pass back a reference to the raw internal data
representation.
\item[\samp{y} (bytes object)
{[const char *]}]
This variant on \samp{s} convert a Python bytes object to a C pointer to a
character string. The bytes object must not contain embedded NUL bytes;
if it does, a \exception{TypeError} exception is raised.
\item[\samp{y\#} (bytes object)
{[const char *, int]}]
This variant on \samp{s#} stores into two C variables, the first one
a pointer to a character string, the second one its length. This only
accepts bytes objects.
\item[\samp{z} (string or \code{None}) {[const char *]}]
Like \samp{s}, but the Python object may also be \code{None}, in
which case the C pointer is set to \NULL.
\item[\samp{z\#} (string or \code{None} or any read buffer
compatible object) {[const char *, int]}]
This is to \samp{s\#} as \samp{z} is to \samp{s}.
\item[\samp{u} (Unicode object) {[Py_UNICODE *]}]
Convert a Python Unicode object to a C pointer to a NUL-terminated
buffer of 16-bit Unicode (UTF-16) data. As with \samp{s}, there is
no need to provide storage for the Unicode data buffer; a pointer to
the existing Unicode data is stored into the \ctype{Py_UNICODE}
pointer variable whose address you pass.
\item[\samp{u\#} (Unicode object) {[Py_UNICODE *, int]}]
This variant on \samp{u} stores into two C variables, the first one
a pointer to a Unicode data buffer, the second one its length.
Non-Unicode objects are handled by interpreting their read-buffer
pointer as pointer to a \ctype{Py_UNICODE} array.
\item[\samp{es} (string, Unicode object or character buffer
compatible object) {[const char *encoding, char **buffer]}]
This variant on \samp{s} is used for encoding Unicode and objects
convertible to Unicode into a character buffer. It only works for
encoded data without embedded NUL bytes.
This format requires two arguments. The first is only used as
input, and must be a \ctype{const char*} which points to the name of an
encoding as a NUL-terminated string, or \NULL, in which case the
default encoding is used. An exception is raised if the named
encoding is not known to Python. The second argument must be a
\ctype{char**}; the value of the pointer it references will be set
to a buffer with the contents of the argument text. The text will
be encoded in the encoding specified by the first argument.
\cfunction{PyArg_ParseTuple()} will allocate a buffer of the needed
size, copy the encoded data into this buffer and adjust
\var{*buffer} to reference the newly allocated storage. The caller
is responsible for calling \cfunction{PyMem_Free()} to free the
allocated buffer after use.
\item[\samp{et} (string, Unicode object or character buffer
compatible object) {[const char *encoding, char **buffer]}]
Same as \samp{es} except that 8-bit string objects are passed
through without recoding them. Instead, the implementation assumes
that the string object uses the encoding passed in as parameter.
\item[\samp{es\#} (string, Unicode object or character buffer compatible
object) {[const char *encoding, char **buffer, int *buffer_length]}]
This variant on \samp{s\#} is used for encoding Unicode and objects
convertible to Unicode into a character buffer. Unlike the
\samp{es} format, this variant allows input data which contains NUL
characters.
It requires three arguments. The first is only used as input, and
must be a \ctype{const char*} which points to the name of an encoding as a
NUL-terminated string, or \NULL, in which case the default encoding
is used. An exception is raised if the named encoding is not known
to Python. The second argument must be a \ctype{char**}; the value
of the pointer it references will be set to a buffer with the
contents of the argument text. The text will be encoded in the
encoding specified by the first argument. The third argument must
be a pointer to an integer; the referenced integer will be set to
the number of bytes in the output buffer.
There are two modes of operation:
If \var{*buffer} points a \NULL{} pointer, the function will
allocate a buffer of the needed size, copy the encoded data into
this buffer and set \var{*buffer} to reference the newly allocated
storage. The caller is responsible for calling
\cfunction{PyMem_Free()} to free the allocated buffer after usage.
If \var{*buffer} points to a non-\NULL{} pointer (an already
allocated buffer), \cfunction{PyArg_ParseTuple()} will use this
location as the buffer and interpret the initial value of
\var{*buffer_length} as the buffer size. It will then copy the
encoded data into the buffer and NUL-terminate it. If the buffer
is not large enough, a \exception{ValueError} will be set.
In both cases, \var{*buffer_length} is set to the length of the
encoded data without the trailing NUL byte.
\item[\samp{et\#} (string, Unicode object or character buffer compatible
object) {[const char *encoding, char **buffer]}]
Same as \samp{es\#} except that string objects are passed through
without recoding them. Instead, the implementation assumes that the
string object uses the encoding passed in as parameter.
\item[\samp{b} (integer) {[char]}]
Convert a Python integer to a tiny int, stored in a C \ctype{char}.
\item[\samp{B} (integer) {[unsigned char]}]
Convert a Python integer to a tiny int without overflow checking,
stored in a C \ctype{unsigned char}. \versionadded{2.3}
\item[\samp{h} (integer) {[short int]}]
Convert a Python integer to a C \ctype{short int}.
\item[\samp{H} (integer) {[unsigned short int]}]
Convert a Python integer to a C \ctype{unsigned short int}, without
overflow checking. \versionadded{2.3}
\item[\samp{i} (integer) {[int]}]
Convert a Python integer to a plain C \ctype{int}.
\item[\samp{I} (integer) {[unsigned int]}]
Convert a Python integer to a C \ctype{unsigned int}, without
overflow checking. \versionadded{2.3}
\item[\samp{l} (integer) {[long int]}]
Convert a Python integer to a C \ctype{long int}.
\item[\samp{k} (integer) {[unsigned long]}]
Convert a Python integer or long integer to a C \ctype{unsigned long} without
overflow checking. \versionadded{2.3}
\item[\samp{L} (integer) {[PY_LONG_LONG]}]
Convert a Python integer to a C \ctype{long long}. This format is
only available on platforms that support \ctype{long long} (or
\ctype{_int64} on Windows).
\item[\samp{K} (integer) {[unsigned PY_LONG_LONG]}]
Convert a Python integer or long integer to a C \ctype{unsigned long long}
without overflow checking. This format is only available on
platforms that support \ctype{unsigned long long} (or
\ctype{unsigned _int64} on Windows). \versionadded{2.3}
2006-03-01 01:47:11 -04:00
\item[\samp{n} (integer) {[Py_ssize_t]}]
Convert a Python integer or long integer to a C \ctype{Py_ssize_t}.
\versionadded{2.5}
\item[\samp{c} (string of length 1) {[char]}]
Convert a Python character, represented as a string of length 1, to
a C \ctype{char}.
\item[\samp{f} (float) {[float]}]
Convert a Python floating point number to a C \ctype{float}.
\item[\samp{d} (float) {[double]}]
Convert a Python floating point number to a C \ctype{double}.
\item[\samp{D} (complex) {[Py_complex]}]
Convert a Python complex number to a C \ctype{Py_complex} structure.
\item[\samp{O} (object) {[PyObject *]}]
Store a Python object (without any conversion) in a C object
pointer. The C program thus receives the actual object that was
passed. The object's reference count is not increased. The pointer
stored is not \NULL.
\item[\samp{O!} (object) {[\var{typeobject}, PyObject *]}]
Store a Python object in a C object pointer. This is similar to
\samp{O}, but takes two C arguments: the first is the address of a
Python type object, the second is the address of the C variable (of
type \ctype{PyObject*}) into which the object pointer is stored. If
the Python object does not have the required type,
\exception{TypeError} is raised.
\item[\samp{O\&} (object) {[\var{converter}, \var{anything}]}]
Convert a Python object to a C variable through a \var{converter}
function. This takes two arguments: the first is a function, the
second is the address of a C variable (of arbitrary type), converted
to \ctype{void *}. The \var{converter} function in turn is called
as follows:
\var{status}\code{ = }\var{converter}\code{(}\var{object},
\var{address}\code{);}
where \var{object} is the Python object to be converted and
\var{address} is the \ctype{void*} argument that was passed to the
\cfunction{PyArg_Parse*()} function. The returned \var{status}
should be \code{1} for a successful conversion and \code{0} if the
conversion has failed. When the conversion fails, the
\var{converter} function should raise an exception.
\item[\samp{S} (string) {[PyStringObject *]}]
Like \samp{O} but requires that the Python object is a string
object. Raises \exception{TypeError} if the object is not a string
object. The C variable may also be declared as \ctype{PyObject*}.
\item[\samp{U} (Unicode string) {[PyUnicodeObject *]}]
Like \samp{O} but requires that the Python object is a Unicode
object. Raises \exception{TypeError} if the object is not a Unicode
object. The C variable may also be declared as \ctype{PyObject*}.
\item[\samp{t\#} (read-only character buffer) {[char *, int]}]
Like \samp{s\#}, but accepts any object which implements the
read-only buffer interface. The \ctype{char*} variable is set to
point to the first byte of the buffer, and the \ctype{int} is set to
the length of the buffer. Only single-segment buffer objects are
accepted; \exception{TypeError} is raised for all others.
\item[\samp{w} (read-write character buffer) {[char *]}]
Similar to \samp{s}, but accepts any object which implements the
read-write buffer interface. The caller must determine the length
of the buffer by other means, or use \samp{w\#} instead. Only
single-segment buffer objects are accepted; \exception{TypeError} is
raised for all others.
\item[\samp{w\#} (read-write character buffer) {[char *, int]}]
Like \samp{s\#}, but accepts any object which implements the
read-write buffer interface. The \ctype{char *} variable is set to
point to the first byte of the buffer, and the \ctype{int} is set to
the length of the buffer. Only single-segment buffer objects are
accepted; \exception{TypeError} is raised for all others.
\item[\samp{(\var{items})} (tuple) {[\var{matching-items}]}]
The object must be a Python sequence whose length is the number of
format units in \var{items}. The C arguments must correspond to the
individual format units in \var{items}. Format units for sequences
may be nested.
\note{Prior to Python version 1.5.2, this format specifier only
accepted a tuple containing the individual parameters, not an
arbitrary sequence. Code which previously caused
\exception{TypeError} to be raised here may now proceed without an
exception. This is not expected to be a problem for existing code.}
\end{description}
It is possible to pass Python long integers where integers are
requested; however no proper range checking is done --- the most
significant bits are silently truncated when the receiving field is
too small to receive the value (actually, the semantics are inherited
from downcasts in C --- your mileage may vary).
A few other characters have a meaning in a format string. These may
not occur inside nested parentheses. They are:
\begin{description}
\item[\samp{|}]
Indicates that the remaining arguments in the Python argument list
are optional. The C variables corresponding to optional arguments
should be initialized to their default value --- when an optional
argument is not specified, \cfunction{PyArg_ParseTuple()} does not
touch the contents of the corresponding C variable(s).
\item[\samp{:}]
The list of format units ends here; the string after the colon is
used as the function name in error messages (the ``associated
value'' of the exception that \cfunction{PyArg_ParseTuple()}
raises).
\item[\samp{;}]
The list of format units ends here; the string after the semicolon
is used as the error message \emph{instead} of the default error
message. Clearly, \samp{:} and \samp{;} mutually exclude each
other.
\end{description}
Note that any Python object references which are provided to the
caller are \emph{borrowed} references; do not decrement their
reference count!
Additional arguments passed to these functions must be addresses of
variables whose type is determined by the format string; these are
used to store values from the input tuple. There are a few cases, as
described in the list of format units above, where these parameters
are used as input values; they should match what is specified for the
corresponding format unit in that case.
For the conversion to succeed, the \var{arg} object must match the
format and the format must be exhausted. On success, the
\cfunction{PyArg_Parse*()} functions return true, otherwise they
return false and raise an appropriate exception.
\begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyArg_ParseTuple}{PyObject *args, const char *format,
\moreargs}
Parse the parameters of a function that takes only positional
parameters into local variables. Returns true on success; on
failure, it returns false and raises the appropriate exception.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyArg_VaParse}{PyObject *args, const char *format,
va_list vargs}
Identical to \cfunction{PyArg_ParseTuple()}, except that it accepts a
va_list rather than a variable number of arguments.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords}{PyObject *args,
PyObject *kw, const char *format, char *keywords[],
\moreargs}
Parse the parameters of a function that takes both positional and
keyword parameters into local variables. Returns true on success;
on failure, it returns false and raises the appropriate exception.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyArg_VaParseTupleAndKeywords}{PyObject *args,
PyObject *kw, const char *format, char *keywords[],
va_list vargs}
Identical to \cfunction{PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords()}, except that it
accepts a va_list rather than a variable number of arguments.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyArg_Parse}{PyObject *args, const char *format,
\moreargs}
Function used to deconstruct the argument lists of ``old-style''
functions --- these are functions which use the
\constant{METH_OLDARGS} parameter parsing method. This is not
recommended for use in parameter parsing in new code, and most code
in the standard interpreter has been modified to no longer use this
for that purpose. It does remain a convenient way to decompose
other tuples, however, and may continue to be used for that
purpose.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyArg_UnpackTuple}{PyObject *args, const char *name,
Py_ssize_t min, Py_ssize_t max, \moreargs}
A simpler form of parameter retrieval which does not use a format
string to specify the types of the arguments. Functions which use
this method to retrieve their parameters should be declared as
\constant{METH_VARARGS} in function or method tables. The tuple
containing the actual parameters should be passed as \var{args}; it
must actually be a tuple. The length of the tuple must be at least
\var{min} and no more than \var{max}; \var{min} and \var{max} may be
equal. Additional arguments must be passed to the function, each of
which should be a pointer to a \ctype{PyObject*} variable; these
will be filled in with the values from \var{args}; they will contain
borrowed references. The variables which correspond to optional
parameters not given by \var{args} will not be filled in; these
should be initialized by the caller.
This function returns true on success and false if \var{args} is not
a tuple or contains the wrong number of elements; an exception will
be set if there was a failure.
This is an example of the use of this function, taken from the
sources for the \module{_weakref} helper module for weak references:
\begin{verbatim}
static PyObject *
weakref_ref(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
PyObject *object;
PyObject *callback = NULL;
PyObject *result = NULL;
if (PyArg_UnpackTuple(args, "ref", 1, 2, &object, &callback)) {
result = PyWeakref_NewRef(object, callback);
}
return result;
}
\end{verbatim}
The call to \cfunction{PyArg_UnpackTuple()} in this example is
entirely equivalent to this call to \cfunction{PyArg_ParseTuple()}:
\begin{verbatim}
PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "O|O:ref", &object, &callback)
\end{verbatim}
\versionadded{2.2}
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{PyObject*}{Py_BuildValue}{const char *format,
\moreargs}
Create a new value based on a format string similar to those
accepted by the \cfunction{PyArg_Parse*()} family of functions and a
sequence of values. Returns the value or \NULL{} in the case of an
error; an exception will be raised if \NULL{} is returned.
\cfunction{Py_BuildValue()} does not always build a tuple. It
builds a tuple only if its format string contains two or more format
units. If the format string is empty, it returns \code{None}; if it
contains exactly one format unit, it returns whatever object is
described by that format unit. To force it to return a tuple of
size 0 or one, parenthesize the format string.
When memory buffers are passed as parameters to supply data to build
objects, as for the \samp{s} and \samp{s\#} formats, the required
data is copied. Buffers provided by the caller are never referenced
by the objects created by \cfunction{Py_BuildValue()}. In other
words, if your code invokes \cfunction{malloc()} and passes the
allocated memory to \cfunction{Py_BuildValue()}, your code is
responsible for calling \cfunction{free()} for that memory once
\cfunction{Py_BuildValue()} returns.
In the following description, the quoted form is the format unit;
the entry in (round) parentheses is the Python object type that the
format unit will return; and the entry in [square] brackets is the
type of the C value(s) to be passed.
The characters space, tab, colon and comma are ignored in format
strings (but not within format units such as \samp{s\#}). This can
be used to make long format strings a tad more readable.
\begin{description}
\item[\samp{s} (string) {[char *]}]
Convert a null-terminated C string to a Python object. If the C
string pointer is \NULL, \code{None} is used.
\item[\samp{s\#} (string) {[char *, int]}]
Convert a C string and its length to a Python object. If the C
string pointer is \NULL, the length is ignored and \code{None} is
returned.
\item[\samp{z} (string or \code{None}) {[char *]}]
Same as \samp{s}.
\item[\samp{z\#} (string or \code{None}) {[char *, int]}]
Same as \samp{s\#}.
\item[\samp{u} (Unicode string) {[Py_UNICODE *]}]
Convert a null-terminated buffer of Unicode (UCS-2 or UCS-4)
data to a Python Unicode object. If the Unicode buffer pointer
is \NULL, \code{None} is returned.
\item[\samp{u\#} (Unicode string) {[Py_UNICODE *, int]}]
Convert a Unicode (UCS-2 or UCS-4) data buffer and its length
to a Python Unicode object. If the Unicode buffer pointer
is \NULL, the length is ignored and \code{None} is returned.
\item[\samp{U} (string) {[char *]}]
Convert a null-terminated C string to a Python unicode object.
If the C string pointer is \NULL, \code{None} is used.
\item[\samp{U\#} (string) {[char *, int]}]
Convert a C string and its length to a Python unicode object.
If the C string pointer is \NULL, the length is ignored and \code{None}
is returned.
\item[\samp{i} (integer) {[int]}]
Convert a plain C \ctype{int} to a Python integer object.
\item[\samp{b} (integer) {[char]}]
Convert a plain C \ctype{char} to a Python integer object.
\item[\samp{h} (integer) {[short int]}]
Convert a plain C \ctype{short int} to a Python integer object.
\item[\samp{l} (integer) {[long int]}]
Convert a C \ctype{long int} to a Python integer object.
\item[\samp{B} (integer) {[unsigned char]}]
Convert a C \ctype{unsigned char} to a Python integer object.
\item[\samp{H} (integer) {[unsigned short int]}]
Convert a C \ctype{unsigned short int} to a Python integer object.
\item[\samp{I} (integer/long) {[unsigned int]}]
Convert a C \ctype{unsigned int} to a Python integer object
or a Python long integer object, if it is larger than \code{sys.maxint}.
\item[\samp{k} (integer/long) {[unsigned long]}]
Convert a C \ctype{unsigned long} to a Python integer object
or a Python long integer object, if it is larger than \code{sys.maxint}.
\item[\samp{L} (long) {[PY_LONG_LONG]}]
Convert a C \ctype{long long} to a Python long integer object. Only
available on platforms that support \ctype{long long}.
\item[\samp{K} (long) {[unsigned PY_LONG_LONG]}]
Convert a C \ctype{unsigned long long} to a Python long integer object.
Only available on platforms that support \ctype{unsigned long long}.
2006-03-01 01:47:11 -04:00
\item[\samp{n} (int) {[Py_ssize_t]}]
Convert a C \ctype{Py_ssize_t} to a Python integer or long integer.
2006-03-01 01:47:11 -04:00
\versionadded{2.5}
\item[\samp{c} (string of length 1) {[char]}]
Convert a C \ctype{int} representing a character to a Python
string of length 1.
\item[\samp{d} (float) {[double]}]
Convert a C \ctype{double} to a Python floating point number.
\item[\samp{f} (float) {[float]}]
Same as \samp{d}.
\item[\samp{D} (complex) {[Py_complex *]}]
Convert a C \ctype{Py_complex} structure to a Python complex
number.
\item[\samp{O} (object) {[PyObject *]}]
Pass a Python object untouched (except for its reference count,
which is incremented by one). If the object passed in is a
\NULL{} pointer, it is assumed that this was caused because the
call producing the argument found an error and set an exception.
Therefore, \cfunction{Py_BuildValue()} will return \NULL{} but
won't raise an exception. If no exception has been raised yet,
\exception{SystemError} is set.
\item[\samp{S} (object) {[PyObject *]}]
Same as \samp{O}.
\item[\samp{N} (object) {[PyObject *]}]
Same as \samp{O}, except it doesn't increment the reference count
on the object. Useful when the object is created by a call to an
object constructor in the argument list.
\item[\samp{O\&} (object) {[\var{converter}, \var{anything}]}]
Convert \var{anything} to a Python object through a
\var{converter} function. The function is called with
\var{anything} (which should be compatible with \ctype{void *}) as
its argument and should return a ``new'' Python object, or \NULL{}
if an error occurred.
\item[\samp{(\var{items})} (tuple) {[\var{matching-items}]}]
Convert a sequence of C values to a Python tuple with the same
number of items.
\item[\samp{[\var{items}]} (list) {[\var{matching-items}]}]
Convert a sequence of C values to a Python list with the same
number of items.
\item[\samp{\{\var{items}\}} (dictionary) {[\var{matching-items}]}]
Convert a sequence of C values to a Python dictionary. Each pair
of consecutive C values adds one item to the dictionary, serving
as key and value, respectively.
\end{description}
If there is an error in the format string, the
\exception{SystemError} exception is set and \NULL{} returned.
\end{cfuncdesc}
Merged revisions 53952-54987 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/trunk ........ r53954 | jeremy.hylton | 2007-02-26 10:41:18 -0800 (Mon, 26 Feb 2007) | 10 lines Do not copy free variables to locals in class namespaces. Fixes bug 1569356, but at the cost of a minor incompatibility in locals(). Add test that verifies that the class namespace is not polluted. Also clarify the behavior in the library docs. Along the way, cleaned up the dict_to_map and map_to_dict implementations and added some comments that explain what they do. ........ r53955 | jeremy.hylton | 2007-02-26 11:00:20 -0800 (Mon, 26 Feb 2007) | 2 lines Fix assertion. ........ r53969 | neal.norwitz | 2007-02-26 14:41:45 -0800 (Mon, 26 Feb 2007) | 3 lines When printing an unraisable error, don't print exceptions. before the name. This duplicates the behavior whening normally printing exceptions. ........ r53970 | andrew.kuchling | 2007-02-26 15:02:47 -0800 (Mon, 26 Feb 2007) | 1 line Markup fix ........ r53975 | neal.norwitz | 2007-02-26 15:48:27 -0800 (Mon, 26 Feb 2007) | 3 lines SF #1669182, 2.5 was already fixed. Just assert in 2.6 since string exceptions are gone. ........ r53976 | andrew.kuchling | 2007-02-26 15:54:17 -0800 (Mon, 26 Feb 2007) | 1 line Add some items ........ r53981 | jeremy.hylton | 2007-02-26 17:01:59 -0800 (Mon, 26 Feb 2007) | 4 lines Fix long-standing bug in name mangling for package imports Reported by Mike Verdone. ........ r53993 | jeremy.hylton | 2007-02-27 08:00:06 -0800 (Tue, 27 Feb 2007) | 2 lines tabify ........ r53994 | jeremy.hylton | 2007-02-27 08:13:23 -0800 (Tue, 27 Feb 2007) | 5 lines tabify Note that ast.c still has a mix of tabs and spaces, because it attempts to use four-space indents for more of the new code. ........ r53996 | jeremy.hylton | 2007-02-27 09:24:48 -0800 (Tue, 27 Feb 2007) | 2 lines whitespace normalization ........ r53997 | jeremy.hylton | 2007-02-27 10:29:45 -0800 (Tue, 27 Feb 2007) | 24 lines Add checking for a number of metaclass error conditions. We add some new rules that are required for preserving internal invariants of types. 1. If type (or a subclass of type) appears in bases, it must appear before any non-type bases. If a non-type base (like a regular new-style class) occurred first, it could trick type into allocating the new class an __dict__ which must be impossible. 2. There are several checks that are made of bases when creating a type. Those checks are now repeated when assigning to __bases__. We also add the restriction that assignment to __bases__ may not change the metaclass of the type. Add new tests for these cases and for a few other oddball errors that were no previously tested. Remove a crasher test that was fixed. Also some internal refactoring: Extract the code to find the most derived metaclass of a type and its bases. It is now needed in two places. Rewrite the TypeError checks in test_descr to use doctest. The tests now clearly show what exception they expect to see. ........ r53998 | jeremy.hylton | 2007-02-27 10:33:31 -0800 (Tue, 27 Feb 2007) | 2 lines Add news about changes to metaclasses and __bases__ error checking. ........ r54016 | armin.rigo | 2007-02-28 01:25:29 -0800 (Wed, 28 Feb 2007) | 3 lines Modify the segfaulting example to show why r53997 is not a solution to it. ........ r54022 | brett.cannon | 2007-02-28 10:15:00 -0800 (Wed, 28 Feb 2007) | 2 lines Add a test for instantiating SyntaxError with no arguments. ........ r54026 | raymond.hettinger | 2007-02-28 10:27:41 -0800 (Wed, 28 Feb 2007) | 1 line Docstring nit. ........ r54033 | raymond.hettinger | 2007-02-28 10:37:52 -0800 (Wed, 28 Feb 2007) | 1 line Prepare collections module for pure python code entries. ........ r54053 | raymond.hettinger | 2007-02-28 22:16:43 -0800 (Wed, 28 Feb 2007) | 1 line Add collections.NamedTuple ........ r54054 | neal.norwitz | 2007-02-28 23:04:41 -0800 (Wed, 28 Feb 2007) | 1 line Add Pat and Eric for work on PEP 3101 in the sandbox ........ r54061 | andrew.kuchling | 2007-03-01 06:36:12 -0800 (Thu, 01 Mar 2007) | 1 line Add NamedTuple ........ r54080 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-02 06:37:12 -0800 (Fri, 02 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Bug #1628895: some better tries to find HTML documentation in pydoc. ........ r54086 | raymond.hettinger | 2007-03-02 11:20:46 -0800 (Fri, 02 Mar 2007) | 1 line Fix embarrassing typo and fix constantification of None ........ r54088 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-02 12:30:14 -0800 (Fri, 02 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Bugs #1668032, #1668036, #1669304: clarify behavior of PyMem_Realloc and _Resize. ........ r54114 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-04 09:18:54 -0800 (Sun, 04 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Fix a bug in test_dict and test_userdict, found at the PyPy sprint. ........ r54124 | skip.montanaro | 2007-03-04 12:52:28 -0800 (Sun, 04 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Teach setup.py how to find Berkeley DB on Macs using MacPorts. ........ r54125 | skip.montanaro | 2007-03-04 12:54:12 -0800 (Sun, 04 Mar 2007) | 1 line note MacPorts/BerkDB change in setup.py ........ r54136 | neal.norwitz | 2007-03-04 23:52:01 -0800 (Sun, 04 Mar 2007) | 1 line Added Pete for 3101 too ........ r54138 | facundo.batista | 2007-03-05 08:31:54 -0800 (Mon, 05 Mar 2007) | 1 line Minor corrections to docs, and an explanation comentary ........ r54139 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-05 14:28:08 -0800 (Mon, 05 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1674228: when assigning a slice (old-style), check for the sq_ass_slice instead of the sq_slice slot. ........ r54149 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-06 01:33:01 -0800 (Tue, 06 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Nit: a struct field is set to GenericAlloc, not GenericAlloc(). ........ r54150 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-06 02:02:47 -0800 (Tue, 06 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1671450: add a section about subclassing builtin types to the "extending and embedding" tutorial. ........ r54152 | martin.v.loewis | 2007-03-06 02:41:24 -0800 (Tue, 06 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Patch #1121142: Implement ZipFile.open. ........ r54154 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-06 03:51:14 -0800 (Tue, 06 Mar 2007) | 2 lines A test case for the fix in #1674228. ........ r54156 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-06 03:52:24 -0800 (Tue, 06 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Patch #1672481: fix bug in idlelib.MultiCall. ........ r54159 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-06 04:17:50 -0800 (Tue, 06 Mar 2007) | 1 line Bug #1674503: close the file opened by execfile() in an error condition. ........ r54160 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-06 05:32:52 -0800 (Tue, 06 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Fix another reincarnation of bug #1576657 in defaultdict. ........ r54162 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-06 05:35:00 -0800 (Tue, 06 Mar 2007) | 2 lines A test case for the defaultdict KeyError bug. ........ r54164 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-06 05:37:45 -0800 (Tue, 06 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1663234: you can now run doctest on test files and modules using "python -m doctest [-v] filename ...". ........ r54165 | martin.v.loewis | 2007-03-06 06:43:00 -0800 (Tue, 06 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patch #912410: Replace HTML entity references for attribute values in HTMLParser. ........ r54166 | skip.montanaro | 2007-03-06 07:41:38 -0800 (Tue, 06 Mar 2007) | 1 line patch 1673619 - identify extension modules which cannot be built ........ r54167 | guido.van.rossum | 2007-03-06 07:50:01 -0800 (Tue, 06 Mar 2007) | 5 lines Patch #1646728: datetime.fromtimestamp fails with negative fractional times. With unittest. Somebody please backport to 2.5. ........ r54169 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-06 09:49:14 -0800 (Tue, 06 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Fix cmp vs. key argument for list.sort. ........ r54170 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-06 10:21:32 -0800 (Tue, 06 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Small nit, found by Neal. ........ r54171 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-06 10:29:58 -0800 (Tue, 06 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1602128: clarify that richcmp methods can return NotImplemented and should return True or False otherwise. ........ r54173 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-06 10:41:12 -0800 (Tue, 06 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Patch #1638879: don't accept strings with embedded NUL bytes in long(). ........ r54175 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-06 10:47:31 -0800 (Tue, 06 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Patch #1673121: update README wrt. OSX default shell. ........ r54177 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-06 10:59:11 -0800 (Tue, 06 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1654417: make operator.{get,set,del}slice use the full range of Py_ssize_t. ........ r54180 | walter.doerwald | 2007-03-06 12:38:57 -0800 (Tue, 06 Mar 2007) | 4 lines Patch for bug #1633621: if curses.resizeterm() or curses.resize_term() is called, update _curses.LINES, _curses.COLS, curses.LINES and curses.COLS. ........ r54182 | walter.doerwald | 2007-03-06 13:15:24 -0800 (Tue, 06 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Document change to curses. ........ r54188 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-06 16:34:46 -0800 (Tue, 06 Mar 2007) | 5 lines Variant of patch #697613: don't exit the interpreter on a SystemExit exception if the -i command line option or PYTHONINSPECT environment variable is given, but break into the interactive interpreter just like on other exceptions or normal program exit. (backport) ........ r54189 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-06 16:40:28 -0800 (Tue, 06 Mar 2007) | 4 lines Patch #703779: unset __file__ in __main__ after running a file. This makes the filenames the warning module prints much more sensible when a PYTHONSTARTUP file is used. ........ r54192 | george.yoshida | 2007-03-06 20:21:18 -0800 (Tue, 06 Mar 2007) | 2 lines add versionadded info ........ r54195 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-06 23:39:06 -0800 (Tue, 06 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Patch #812285: allow multiple auth schemes in AbstractBasicAuthHandler. ........ r54197 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-07 00:31:51 -0800 (Wed, 07 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1001604: glob.glob() now returns unicode filenames if it was given a unicode argument and os.listdir() returns unicode filenames. ........ r54199 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-07 01:09:40 -0800 (Wed, 07 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patches #1550273, #1550272: fix a few bugs in unittest and add a comprehensive test suite for the module. ........ r54201 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-07 01:21:06 -0800 (Wed, 07 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patch #787789: allow to pass custom TestRunner instances to unittest's main() function. ........ r54202 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-07 01:34:45 -0800 (Wed, 07 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Patch #1669331: clarify shutil.copyfileobj() behavior wrt. file position. ........ r54204 | martin.v.loewis | 2007-03-07 03:04:33 -0800 (Wed, 07 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Bug #1115886: os.path.splitext('.cshrc') gives now ('.cshrc', ''). ........ r54206 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-07 03:37:42 -0800 (Wed, 07 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Patch #1675471: convert test_pty to unittest. ........ r54207 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-07 03:54:49 -0800 (Wed, 07 Mar 2007) | 4 lines Add some sanity checks to unittest.TestSuite's addTest(s) methods. Fixes #878275. ........ r54209 | guido.van.rossum | 2007-03-07 07:16:29 -0800 (Wed, 07 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Windows doesn't support negative timestamps. Skip the tests involving them if os.name == "nt". ........ r54219 | martin.v.loewis | 2007-03-08 05:42:43 -0800 (Thu, 08 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Add missing ) in parenthical remark. ........ r54220 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-08 09:49:06 -0800 (Thu, 08 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Fix #1676656: \em is different from \emph... ........ r54222 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-08 10:37:31 -0800 (Thu, 08 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Add a NEWS entry for rev. 54207,8. ........ r54225 | raymond.hettinger | 2007-03-08 11:24:27 -0800 (Thu, 08 Mar 2007) | 1 line SF 1676321: empty() returned wrong result ........ r54227 | collin.winter | 2007-03-08 11:58:14 -0800 (Thu, 08 Mar 2007) | 1 line Backported r54226 from p3yk: Move test_unittest, test_doctest and test_doctest2 higher up in the testing order. ........ r54230 | raymond.hettinger | 2007-03-08 13:33:47 -0800 (Thu, 08 Mar 2007) | 1 line SF #1637850: make_table in difflib did not work with unicode ........ r54232 | collin.winter | 2007-03-08 14:16:25 -0800 (Thu, 08 Mar 2007) | 1 line Patch #1668482: don't use '-' in mkstemp ........ r54233 | brett.cannon | 2007-03-08 15:58:11 -0800 (Thu, 08 Mar 2007) | 10 lines Introduce test.test_support.TransientResource. It's a context manager to surround calls to resources that may or may not be available. Specifying the expected exception and attributes to be raised if the resource is not available prevents overly broad catching of exceptions. This is meant to help suppress spurious failures by raising test.test_support.ResourceDenied if the exception matches. It would probably be good to go through the various network tests and surround the calls to catch connection timeouts (as done with test_socket_ssl in this commit). ........ r54234 | collin.winter | 2007-03-08 19:15:56 -0800 (Thu, 08 Mar 2007) | 1 line Patch #1481079: Support of HTTP_REFERER in CGIHTTPServer.py ........ r54235 | collin.winter | 2007-03-08 19:26:32 -0800 (Thu, 08 Mar 2007) | 1 line Add NEWS item for patch #1481079 (r54234). ........ r54237 | neal.norwitz | 2007-03-08 21:59:01 -0800 (Thu, 08 Mar 2007) | 1 line Fix SF #1676971, Complex OverflowError has a typo ........ r54239 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-09 04:58:41 -0800 (Fri, 09 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Typo. ........ r54240 | martin.v.loewis | 2007-03-09 07:35:55 -0800 (Fri, 09 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Patch #957003: Implement smtplib.LMTP. ........ r54243 | collin.winter | 2007-03-09 10:09:10 -0800 (Fri, 09 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Bug #1629566: clarify the docs on the return values of parsedate() and parsedate_tz() in email.utils and rfc822. ........ r54244 | thomas.heller | 2007-03-09 11:21:28 -0800 (Fri, 09 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Fix bug #1646630: ctypes.string_at(buf, 0) and ctypes.wstring_at(buf, 0) returned string up to the first NUL character. ........ r54245 | martin.v.loewis | 2007-03-09 11:36:01 -0800 (Fri, 09 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Add Ziga Seilnacht. ........ r54247 | collin.winter | 2007-03-09 12:33:07 -0800 (Fri, 09 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Patch #1491866: change the complex() constructor to allow parthensized forms. This means complex(repr(x)) now works instead of raising a ValueError. ........ r54248 | thomas.heller | 2007-03-09 12:39:22 -0800 (Fri, 09 Mar 2007) | 7 lines Bug #1651235: When a tuple was passed to a ctypes function call, Python would crash instead of raising an error. The crash was caused by a section of code that should have been removed long ago, at that time ctypes had other ways to pass parameters to function calls. ........ r54250 | collin.winter | 2007-03-09 15:30:39 -0800 (Fri, 09 Mar 2007) | 1 line Hashing simplification pointed out by Thomas Wouters. ........ r54252 | collin.winter | 2007-03-09 18:23:40 -0800 (Fri, 09 Mar 2007) | 5 lines * Unlink test files before and after each test; hopefully this will cut down on recent buildbot failures in test_islink. * Drop safe_remove() in favor of test_support.unlink(). * Fix the indentation of test_samefile so that it runs. ........ r54253 | collin.winter | 2007-03-09 18:51:26 -0800 (Fri, 09 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Bug #1531963: Make SocketServer.TCPServer's server_address always be equal to calling getsockname() on the server's socket. Will backport. ........ r54254 | neal.norwitz | 2007-03-09 19:19:18 -0800 (Fri, 09 Mar 2007) | 4 lines Simplify a little by handling the TCP case first. Update to use predominant style of spaces around = in args list and print to stderr if debugging. ........ r54256 | collin.winter | 2007-03-09 19:35:34 -0800 (Fri, 09 Mar 2007) | 1 line Add proper attribution for a bug fix. ........ r54257 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-09 23:38:14 -0800 (Fri, 09 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Typos. ........ r54260 | collin.winter | 2007-03-10 06:33:32 -0800 (Sat, 10 Mar 2007) | 1 line Convert an assert to a raise so it works even in the presence of -O. ........ r54262 | collin.winter | 2007-03-10 06:41:48 -0800 (Sat, 10 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Patch #1599845: Add an option to disable the implicit calls to server_bind() and server_activate() in the constructors for TCPServer, SimpleXMLRPCServer and DocXMLRPCServer. ........ r54268 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-11 00:28:46 -0800 (Sun, 11 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Add missing "return" statements in exception handler. ........ r54270 | ziga.seilnacht | 2007-03-11 08:54:54 -0700 (Sun, 11 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1675981: remove unreachable code from type.__new__() method. __dict__ and __weakref__ are removed from the slots tuple earlier in the code, in the loop that mangles slot names. Will backport. ........ r54271 | collin.winter | 2007-03-11 09:00:20 -0700 (Sun, 11 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1192590: Fix pdb's "ignore" and "condition" commands so they trap the IndexError caused by passing in an invalid breakpoint number. Will backport. ........ r54274 | vinay.sajip | 2007-03-11 11:32:07 -0700 (Sun, 11 Mar 2007) | 1 line Fix resource leak reported in SF #1516995. ........ r54278 | collin.winter | 2007-03-11 18:55:54 -0700 (Sun, 11 Mar 2007) | 4 lines Patch #1678662: ftp.python.org does not exist. So the testcode in urllib.py must use a more stable FTP. Will backport. ........ r54280 | barry.warsaw | 2007-03-11 20:20:01 -0700 (Sun, 11 Mar 2007) | 8 lines Tokio Kikuchi's fix for SF bug #1629369; folding whitespace allowed in the display name of an email address, e.g. Foo \tBar <foo@example.com> Test case added by Barry. ........ r54282 | skip.montanaro | 2007-03-11 20:30:50 -0700 (Sun, 11 Mar 2007) | 4 lines Sane humans would call these invalid tests, but Andrew McNamara pointed out that given the inputs in these tests Excel does indeed produce the output these tests expect. Document that for future confused folks. ........ r54283 | martin.v.loewis | 2007-03-12 03:50:39 -0700 (Mon, 12 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Bug #1675511: Use -Kpic instead of -xcode=pic32 on Solaris/x86. ........ r54285 | martin.v.loewis | 2007-03-12 04:01:10 -0700 (Mon, 12 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Patch #1677862: Require a space or tab after import in .pth files. ........ r54287 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-12 06:17:36 -0700 (Mon, 12 Mar 2007) | 8 lines Backport from Py3k branch: Patch #1591665: implement the __dir__() special function lookup in PyObject_Dir. Had to change a few bits of the patch because classobjs and __methods__ are still in Py2.6. ........ r54288 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-12 07:30:05 -0700 (Mon, 12 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Bug #1678647: write a newline after printing an exception in any case, even when converting the value to a string failed. ........ r54290 | collin.winter | 2007-03-12 08:57:19 -0700 (Mon, 12 Mar 2007) | 1 line Patch #1678088: convert test_operations to use unittest, fold the result into test_dict. ........ r54291 | collin.winter | 2007-03-12 09:11:39 -0700 (Mon, 12 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Bug #742342: make Python stop segfaulting on infinitely-recursive reload()s. Fixed by patch #922167. Will backport. ........ r54292 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-12 09:15:09 -0700 (Mon, 12 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Typo fix. ........ r54295 | collin.winter | 2007-03-12 10:24:07 -0700 (Mon, 12 Mar 2007) | 1 line Patch #1670993: Refactor test_threadedtempfile.py to use unittest. ........ r54296 | tim.peters | 2007-03-12 11:07:52 -0700 (Mon, 12 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Whitespace normalization. ........ r54297 | tim.peters | 2007-03-12 11:09:22 -0700 (Mon, 12 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Set missing svn:eol-style property on text files. ........ r54315 | brett.cannon | 2007-03-12 19:34:09 -0700 (Mon, 12 Mar 2007) | 8 lines Add test.test_support.transient_internet . Returns a context manager that nests test.test_support.TransientResource context managers that capture exceptions raised when the Internet connection is flaky. Initially using in test_socket_ssl but should probably be expanded to cover any test that should not raise the captured exceptions if the Internet connection works. ........ r54316 | brett.cannon | 2007-03-12 20:05:40 -0700 (Mon, 12 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Fix a typo where the variable name was not updated. ........ r54318 | neal.norwitz | 2007-03-12 21:59:58 -0700 (Mon, 12 Mar 2007) | 1 line Add Jerry Seutter for a bunch of his recent patches refactoring tests ........ r54319 | neal.norwitz | 2007-03-12 22:07:14 -0700 (Mon, 12 Mar 2007) | 7 lines Add some other acks for recent checkins: Brian Leair - 922167 Tomer Filiba - 1591665 Jeremy Jones - 1192590 ........ r54321 | neal.norwitz | 2007-03-12 22:31:38 -0700 (Mon, 12 Mar 2007) | 9 lines Fix some style nits: * lines too long * wrong indentation * space after a function name * wrong function name in error string * simplifying some logic Also add an error check to PyDict_SetItemString. ........ r54322 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-13 00:23:16 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Typo and grammar fixes. ........ r54323 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-13 00:50:57 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Patch #1679379: add documentation for fnmatch.translate(). ........ r54325 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-13 00:57:51 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Patch #1642844: comments to clarify the complexobject constructor. ........ r54326 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-13 01:14:27 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1668100: urllib2 now correctly raises URLError instead of OSError if accessing a local file via the file:// protocol fails. ........ r54327 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-13 02:32:11 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 4 lines Patch #1635454: the csv.DictWriter class now includes the offending field names in its exception message if you try to write a record with a dictionary containing fields not in the CSV field names list. ........ r54328 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-13 02:41:31 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1555098: use str.join() instead of repeated string concatenation in robotparser. ........ r54329 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-13 03:06:48 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1542681: add entries for "with", "as" and "CONTEXTMANAGERS" to pydoc's help keywords. ........ r54331 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-13 03:19:22 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1569798: fix a bug in distutils when building Python from a directory within sys.exec_prefix. ........ r54333 | martin.v.loewis | 2007-03-13 03:24:00 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 4 lines Patch #1449244: Support Unicode strings in email.message.Message.{set_charset,get_content_charset}. Will backport. ........ r54335 | lars.gustaebel | 2007-03-13 03:47:19 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 34 lines This is the implementation of POSIX.1-2001 (pax) format read/write support. The TarInfo class now contains all necessary logic to process and create tar header data which has been moved there from the TarFile class. The fromtarfile() method was added. The new path and linkpath properties are aliases for the name and linkname attributes in correspondence to the pax naming scheme. The TarFile constructor and classmethods now accept a number of keyword arguments which could only be set as attributes before (e.g. dereference, ignore_zeros). The encoding and pax_headers arguments were added for pax support. There is a new tarinfo keyword argument that allows using subclassed TarInfo objects in TarFile. The boolean TarFile.posix attribute is deprecated, because now three tar formats are supported. Instead, the desired format for writing is specified using the constants USTAR_FORMAT, GNU_FORMAT and PAX_FORMAT as the format keyword argument. This change affects TarInfo.tobuf() as well. The test suite has been heavily reorganized and partially rewritten. A new testtar.tar was added that contains sample data in many formats from 4 different tar programs. Some bugs and quirks that also have been fixed: Directory names do no longer have a trailing slash in TarInfo.name or TarFile.getnames(). Adding the same file twice does not create a hardlink file member. The TarFile constructor does no longer need a name argument. The TarFile._mode attribute was renamed to mode and contains either 'r', 'w' or 'a'. ........ r54336 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-13 05:34:25 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Bug #1622896: fix a rare corner case where the bz2 module raised an error in spite of a succesful compression. ........ r54338 | lars.gustaebel | 2007-03-13 08:47:07 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Quick fix for tests that fail on systems with an encoding other than 'iso8859-1'. ........ r54339 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-13 10:43:32 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 4 lines Patch #1603688: ConfigParser.SafeConfigParser now checks values that are set for invalid interpolation sequences that would lead to errors on reading back those values. ........ r54341 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-13 11:15:41 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1581073: add a flag to textwrap that prevents the dropping of whitespace while wrapping. ........ r54343 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-13 11:24:40 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Patch #1605192: list allowed states in error messages for imaplib. ........ r54344 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-13 11:31:49 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 4 lines Patch #1537850: tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile now has a "delete" parameter which can be set to False to prevent the default delete-on-close behavior. ........ r54345 | collin.winter | 2007-03-13 11:53:04 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 9 lines Add acks for recent patch checkins: Arvin Schnell - 1668482 S?\195?\169bastien Martini - 1481079 Heiko Wundram - 1491866 Damon Kohler - 1545011 Peter Parente - 1599845 Bjorn Lindqvist - 1678662 ........ r54346 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-13 12:00:36 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Acks for recent patches. ........ r54347 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-13 12:18:18 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Fix a tab. ........ r54348 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-13 12:32:21 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 4 lines Patch #1533909: the timeit module now accepts callables in addition to strings for the code to time and the setup code. Also added two convenience functions for instantiating a Timer and calling its methods. ........ r54352 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-13 13:02:57 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1530482: add pydoc.render_doc() which returns the documentation for a thing instead of paging it to stdout, which pydoc.doc() does. ........ r54357 | thomas.heller | 2007-03-13 13:42:52 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 1 line Patch #1649190: Adding support for _Bool to ctypes as c_bool, by David Remahl. ........ r54358 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-13 13:46:32 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Patch #1444529: the builtin compile() now accepts keyword arguments. (backport) ........ r54359 | thomas.heller | 2007-03-13 14:01:39 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 1 line Add versionadded marker for ctypes.c_bool. ........ r54360 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-13 14:08:15 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1393667: pdb now has a "run" command which restarts the debugged Python program, optionally with different arguments. ........ r54361 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-13 14:32:01 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Deprecate commands.getstatus(). ........ r54362 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-13 14:32:56 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 2 lines NEWS entry for getstatus() deprecation. ........ r54363 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-13 14:58:44 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 4 lines Patch #1429539: pdb now correctly initializes the __main__ module for the debugged script, which means that imports from __main__ work correctly now. ........ r54364 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-13 15:07:36 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 4 lines Patch #957650: "%var%" environment variable references are now properly expanded in ntpath.expandvars(), also "~user" home directory references are recognized and handled on Windows. ........ r54365 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-13 15:16:30 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Patch #1194449: correctly detect unbound methods in pydoc. ........ r54367 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-13 15:49:43 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 5 lines Patch #1185447: binascii.b2a_qp() now correctly quotes binary characters with ASCII value less than 32. Also, it correctly quotes dots only if they occur on a single line, as opposed to the previous behavior of quoting dots if they are the second character of any line. ........ r54368 | collin.winter | 2007-03-13 16:02:15 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 1 line Inline PyImport_GetModulesReloading(). ........ r54371 | barry.warsaw | 2007-03-13 21:59:50 -0700 (Tue, 13 Mar 2007) | 6 lines SF bug #1582282; decode_header() incorrectly splits not-conformant RFC 2047-like headers where there is no whitespace between encoded words. This fix changes the matching regexp to include a trailing lookahead assertion that the closing ?= must be followed by whitespace, newline, or end-of-string. This also changes the regexp to add the MULTILINE flag. ........ r54372 | gregory.p.smith | 2007-03-14 00:17:40 -0700 (Wed, 14 Mar 2007) | 2 lines correct order and names of the less often used keyword parameters. ........ r54373 | gregory.p.smith | 2007-03-14 00:19:50 -0700 (Wed, 14 Mar 2007) | 5 lines Its time to stop listing (Unix, Windows) when we really mean "everything but Mac OS 9" now that nobody is likely to use Python on Mac OS 9 and most of the (Mac) platform items are all OS X special API specific since OS X is unixy enough for these modules to be available out of the box. ........ r54376 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-14 01:27:52 -0700 (Wed, 14 Mar 2007) | 4 lines Bug #767111: fix long-standing bug in urllib which caused an AttributeError instead of an IOError when the server's response didn't contain a valid HTTP status line. ........ r54378 | ziga.seilnacht | 2007-03-14 05:24:09 -0700 (Wed, 14 Mar 2007) | 4 lines Patch #1680015: Don't modify __slots__ tuple if it contains an unicode name. Remove a reference leak that happened if the name could not be converted to string. Will backport. ........ r54386 | martin.v.loewis | 2007-03-14 13:02:31 -0700 (Wed, 14 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1559413: Fix test_cmd_line if sys.executable contains a space. Will backport. ........ r54389 | brett.cannon | 2007-03-14 14:40:13 -0700 (Wed, 14 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Note how test_socket_ssl has various exceptions that deal with a flaky Net connection are silenced. ........ r54390 | brett.cannon | 2007-03-14 14:44:15 -0700 (Wed, 14 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Raise ResourceDenied in test_urllib2net when the Net connection goes bad. ........ r54391 | neal.norwitz | 2007-03-14 21:41:20 -0700 (Wed, 14 Mar 2007) | 1 line Wrap a long line and fix a typo (is -> if) ........ r54392 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-15 00:38:14 -0700 (Thu, 15 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1680978: consistently use "alive" instead of "active" in the thread lib doc. ........ r54394 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-15 00:41:30 -0700 (Thu, 15 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1681153: the wave module now closes a file object it opened if initialization failed. ........ r54397 | ziga.seilnacht | 2007-03-15 04:44:55 -0700 (Thu, 15 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1462488: prevent a segfault in object_reduce_ex() by splitting the implementation for __reduce__ and __reduce_ex__ into two separate functions. Fixes bug #931877. Will backport. ........ r54404 | collin.winter | 2007-03-15 21:11:30 -0700 (Thu, 15 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1642547: Fix an error/crash when encountering syntax errors in complex if statements. Will backport. ........ r54406 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-16 00:55:09 -0700 (Fri, 16 Mar 2007) | 5 lines Bug #1681228: the webbrowser module now correctly uses the default GNOME or KDE browser, depending on whether there is a session of one of those present. Also, it tries the Windows default browser before trying Mozilla variants. (backport) ........ r54407 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-16 01:22:40 -0700 (Fri, 16 Mar 2007) | 4 lines Patch #1273829: os.walk() now has a "followlinks" parameter. If set to True (which is not the default), it visits symlinks pointing to directories. ........ r54408 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-16 01:24:21 -0700 (Fri, 16 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Add \versionadded tag. ........ r54409 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-16 01:33:47 -0700 (Fri, 16 Mar 2007) | 2 lines RFE #1670167: fix in isinstance() docs. ........ r54412 | ziga.seilnacht | 2007-03-16 04:59:38 -0700 (Fri, 16 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1623563: allow __class__ assignment for classes with __slots__. The old and the new class are still required to have the same slot names, but the order in which they are specified is not relevant. ........ r54413 | ziga.seilnacht | 2007-03-16 05:11:11 -0700 (Fri, 16 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Whitespace cleanup. Also remove the empty lines from the previous check in. ........ r54414 | jeremy.hylton | 2007-03-16 07:49:11 -0700 (Fri, 16 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Remove warning: funcion declaration isn't a prototype ........ r54415 | jeremy.hylton | 2007-03-16 08:59:47 -0700 (Fri, 16 Mar 2007) | 11 lines Clean up formatting of this file. The file should now follow PEP 7, except that it uses 4 space indents (in the style of Py3k). This particular code would be really hard to read with the regular tab idents. Other changes: - reflow long lines - change multi-line conditionals to have test at end of line ........ r54417 | collin.winter | 2007-03-16 14:13:35 -0700 (Fri, 16 Mar 2007) | 1 line Patch #1676994: Refactor test_popen2 to use unittest. ........ r54418 | collin.winter | 2007-03-16 14:15:35 -0700 (Fri, 16 Mar 2007) | 1 line Remove test/output/test_popen2 (missed in r54417). ........ r54419 | collin.winter | 2007-03-16 15:16:08 -0700 (Fri, 16 Mar 2007) | 1 line Patch 1339796: add a relpath() function to os.path. ........ r54421 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-17 09:08:45 -0700 (Sat, 17 Mar 2007) | 5 lines Patch #1675423: PyComplex_AsCComplex() now tries to convert an object to complex using its __complex__() method before falling back to the __float__() method. Therefore, the functions in the cmath module now can operate on objects that define a __complex__() method. (backport) ........ r54423 | gregory.p.smith | 2007-03-17 15:33:35 -0700 (Sat, 17 Mar 2007) | 2 lines move note to the correct section ........ r54426 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-18 01:25:00 -0700 (Sun, 18 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Patch #1682878: the new socket methods are recv_into and recvfrom_into, not *_buf. ........ r54432 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-18 11:28:25 -0700 (Sun, 18 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Patch #1678339: test case for bug in difflib. ........ r54439 | collin.winter | 2007-03-19 11:52:08 -0700 (Mon, 19 Mar 2007) | 1 line Patch #1630118: add a SpooledTemporaryFile class to tempfile. ........ r54441 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-19 12:02:48 -0700 (Mon, 19 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Patch #1683328: fixes and enhancements for "unparse" demo. ........ r54456 | neal.norwitz | 2007-03-19 22:07:28 -0700 (Mon, 19 Mar 2007) | 1 line Add some doc that was left out from some change to platform.py ........ r54457 | neal.norwitz | 2007-03-19 22:08:23 -0700 (Mon, 19 Mar 2007) | 1 line Add a comment about 3k migration ........ r54458 | neal.norwitz | 2007-03-19 22:21:21 -0700 (Mon, 19 Mar 2007) | 1 line Get rid of deprecation warning when testing commands.getstatus() ........ r54459 | neal.norwitz | 2007-03-19 22:23:09 -0700 (Mon, 19 Mar 2007) | 4 lines Try backing out 54407 to see if it corrects the problems on the Windows buildbots. This rev was backported, so we will need to keep both branches in sync, pending the outcome of the test after this checkin. ........ r54460 | neal.norwitz | 2007-03-19 23:13:25 -0700 (Mon, 19 Mar 2007) | 1 line Try to make this test more resistant to dropping from previous runs (ie, files that may exist but cause the test to fail). Should be backported (assuming it works :-) ........ r54461 | neal.norwitz | 2007-03-19 23:16:26 -0700 (Mon, 19 Mar 2007) | 1 line Try to make this test more resistant to dropping from previous runs (ie, files that may exist but cause the test to fail). Should be backported (assuming it works :-) ........ r54462 | neal.norwitz | 2007-03-19 23:53:17 -0700 (Mon, 19 Mar 2007) | 5 lines Try to be a little more resilient to errors. This might help the test pass, but my guess is that it won't. I'm guessing that some other test is leaving this file open which means it can't be removed under Windows AFAIK. ........ r54463 | neal.norwitz | 2007-03-20 01:14:57 -0700 (Tue, 20 Mar 2007) | 8 lines Try to get test_urllib to pass on Windows by closing the file. I'm guessing that's the problem. h.getfile() must be called *after* h.getreply() and the fp can be None. I'm not entirely convinced this is the best fix (or even correct). The buildbots will tell us if things improve or not. I don't know if this needs to be backported (assuming it actually works). ........ r54465 | raymond.hettinger | 2007-03-20 14:27:24 -0700 (Tue, 20 Mar 2007) | 1 line Extend work on rev 52962 and 53829 eliminating redundant PyObject_Hash() calls and fixing set/dict interoperability. ........ r54468 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-20 16:05:14 -0700 (Tue, 20 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Fix for glob.py if filesystem encoding is None. ........ r54479 | neal.norwitz | 2007-03-20 23:39:48 -0700 (Tue, 20 Mar 2007) | 1 line Remove unused file spotted by Paul Hankin ........ r54480 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-21 02:00:39 -0700 (Wed, 21 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1682205: a TypeError while unpacking an iterable is no longer masked by a generic one with the message "unpack non-sequence". ........ r54482 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-21 02:10:29 -0700 (Wed, 21 Mar 2007) | 2 lines New test for rev. 54407 which only uses directories under TESTFN. ........ r54483 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-21 02:16:53 -0700 (Wed, 21 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Patch #1684834: document some utility C API functions. ........ r54485 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-21 04:51:25 -0700 (Wed, 21 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Fix #1684254: split BROWSER contents with shlex to avoid displaying 'URL'. ........ r54487 | andrew.kuchling | 2007-03-21 07:32:43 -0700 (Wed, 21 Mar 2007) | 1 line Add comments on maintenance of this file ........ r54489 | andrew.kuchling | 2007-03-21 09:57:32 -0700 (Wed, 21 Mar 2007) | 1 line Fix sentence, and fix typo in example ........ r54490 | andrew.kuchling | 2007-03-21 09:59:20 -0700 (Wed, 21 Mar 2007) | 1 line Put code examples at left margin instead of indenting them ........ r54491 | facundo.batista | 2007-03-21 12:41:24 -0700 (Wed, 21 Mar 2007) | 1 line Minor clarification, saying that blocking means no timeout (from bug #882297) ........ r54492 | ziga.seilnacht | 2007-03-21 13:07:56 -0700 (Wed, 21 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Bug #1675967: re patterns pickled with older Python versions can now be unpickled. Will backport. ........ r54495 | raymond.hettinger | 2007-03-21 13:33:57 -0700 (Wed, 21 Mar 2007) | 1 line Add test and fix for fromkeys() optional argument. ........ r54524 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-22 01:05:45 -0700 (Thu, 22 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Bug #1685704: use -m switch in timeit docs. ........ r54533 | thomas.heller | 2007-03-22 12:44:31 -0700 (Thu, 22 Mar 2007) | 5 lines Back out "Patch #1643874: memory leak in ctypes fixed." The code in this patch leaves no way to give up the ownership of a BSTR instance. ........ r54538 | thomas.heller | 2007-03-22 13:34:37 -0700 (Thu, 22 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Explain the purpose of the b_needsfree flag (forward ported from release25-maint). ........ r54539 | guido.van.rossum | 2007-03-22 21:58:42 -0700 (Thu, 22 Mar 2007) | 12 lines - Bug #1683368: The object.__init__() and object.__new__() methods are now stricter in rejecting excess arguments. The only time when either allows excess arguments is when it is not overridden and the other one is. For backwards compatibility, when both are overridden, it is a deprecation warning (for now; maybe a Py3k warning later). When merging this into 3.0, the warnings should become errors. Note: without the change to string.py, lots of spurious warnings happen. What's going on there? ........ r54540 | neal.norwitz | 2007-03-22 22:17:23 -0700 (Thu, 22 Mar 2007) | 1 line Add Mark Dickinson for SF # 1675423. ........ r54541 | martin.v.loewis | 2007-03-23 03:35:49 -0700 (Fri, 23 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1686451: Fix return type for PySequence_{Count,Index,Fast_GET_SIZE}. Will backport. ........ r54543 | martin.v.loewis | 2007-03-23 06:27:15 -0700 (Fri, 23 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Bug #978833: Revert r50844, as it broke _socketobject.dup. Will backport. ........ r54545 | guido.van.rossum | 2007-03-23 11:53:03 -0700 (Fri, 23 Mar 2007) | 8 lines Add a type.__init__() method that enforces the same signature as type.__new__(), and then calls object.__init__(cls), just to be anal. This allows us to restore the code in string.py's _TemplateMetaclass that called super(...).__init__(name, bases, dct), which I commented out yesterday since it broke due to the stricter argument checking added to object.__init__(). ........ r54546 | facundo.batista | 2007-03-23 11:54:07 -0700 (Fri, 23 Mar 2007) | 4 lines Added a 'create_connect()' function to socket.py, which creates a connection with an optional timeout, and modified httplib.py to use this function in HTTPConnection. Applies patch 1676823. ........ r54547 | guido.van.rossum | 2007-03-23 12:39:01 -0700 (Fri, 23 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Add note about type.__init__(). ........ r54553 | thomas.heller | 2007-03-23 12:55:27 -0700 (Fri, 23 Mar 2007) | 5 lines Prevent creation (followed by a segfault) of array types when the size overflows the valid Py_ssize_t range. Check return values of PyMem_Malloc. Will backport to release25-maint. ........ r54555 | facundo.batista | 2007-03-23 13:23:08 -0700 (Fri, 23 Mar 2007) | 6 lines Surrounded with try/finally to socket's default timeout setting changes in the tests, so failing one test won't produce strange results in others. Also relaxed the timeout settings in the test (where actually the value didn't mean anything). ........ r54556 | collin.winter | 2007-03-23 15:24:39 -0700 (Fri, 23 Mar 2007) | 1 line Make test_relpath() pass on Windows. ........ r54559 | ziga.seilnacht | 2007-03-24 07:24:26 -0700 (Sat, 24 Mar 2007) | 6 lines Patch #1489771: update syntax rules in Python Reference Manual. Python 2.5 added support for explicit relative import statements and yield expressions, which were missing in the manual. Also fix grammar productions that used the names from the Grammar file, markup that broke the generated grammar.txt, and wrap some lines that broke the pdf output. Will backport. ........ r54565 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-24 15:20:34 -0700 (Sat, 24 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Remove typo accent. ........ r54566 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-24 15:27:56 -0700 (Sat, 24 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Revert accidental change. ........ r54567 | brett.cannon | 2007-03-24 18:32:36 -0700 (Sat, 24 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Change the docs to no longer claim that unittest is preferred over doctest for regression tests. ........ r54568 | facundo.batista | 2007-03-24 18:53:21 -0700 (Sat, 24 Mar 2007) | 4 lines Redone the tests, using the infrastructure already present for threading and socket serving. ........ r54570 | facundo.batista | 2007-03-24 20:20:05 -0700 (Sat, 24 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Closing the HTTP connection after each test, and listening more. ........ r54572 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-25 11:44:35 -0700 (Sun, 25 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Markup fix. ........ r54573 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-25 12:04:55 -0700 (Sun, 25 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Markup fix. ........ r54580 | facundo.batista | 2007-03-26 13:18:31 -0700 (Mon, 26 Mar 2007) | 5 lines Added an optional timeout to FTP class. Also I started a test_ftplib.py file to test the ftp lib (right now I included a basic test, the timeout one, and nothing else). ........ r54581 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-26 13:28:28 -0700 (Mon, 26 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Some nits. ........ r54582 | facundo.batista | 2007-03-26 13:56:09 -0700 (Mon, 26 Mar 2007) | 4 lines Forgot to add the file before the previous commit, here go the ftplib tests. ........ r54585 | facundo.batista | 2007-03-27 11:23:21 -0700 (Tue, 27 Mar 2007) | 5 lines Added an optional timeout to poplib.POP3. Also created a test_poplib.py file with a basic test and the timeout ones. Docs are also updated. ........ r54586 | facundo.batista | 2007-03-27 11:50:29 -0700 (Tue, 27 Mar 2007) | 3 lines The basic test cases of poplib.py. ........ r54594 | facundo.batista | 2007-03-27 20:45:20 -0700 (Tue, 27 Mar 2007) | 4 lines Bug 1688393. Adds a control of negative values in socket.recvfrom, which caused an ugly crash. ........ r54599 | facundo.batista | 2007-03-28 11:25:54 -0700 (Wed, 28 Mar 2007) | 5 lines Added timeout to smtplib (to SMTP and SMTP_SSL). Also created the test_smtplib.py file, with a basic test and the timeout ones. Docs are updated too. ........ r54603 | collin.winter | 2007-03-28 16:34:06 -0700 (Wed, 28 Mar 2007) | 3 lines Consolidate patches #1690164, 1683397, and 1690169, all of which refactor XML-related test suites. The patches are applied together because they use a common output/xmltests file. Thanks to Jerry Seutter for all three patches. ........ r54604 | collin.winter | 2007-03-28 19:28:16 -0700 (Wed, 28 Mar 2007) | 1 line Make test_zipfile clean up its temporary files properly. ........ r54605 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-29 00:41:32 -0700 (Thu, 29 Mar 2007) | 2 lines These are actually methods. ........ r54606 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-29 05:42:07 -0700 (Thu, 29 Mar 2007) | 4 lines In Windows' time.clock(), when QueryPerformanceFrequency() fails, the C lib's clock() is used, but it must be divided by CLOCKS_PER_SEC as for the POSIX implementation (thanks to #pypy). ........ r54608 | facundo.batista | 2007-03-29 11:22:35 -0700 (Thu, 29 Mar 2007) | 5 lines Added timout parameter to telnetlib.Telnet. Also created test_telnetlib.py with a basic test and timeout ones. Docs are also updated. ........ r54613 | facundo.batista | 2007-03-30 06:00:35 -0700 (Fri, 30 Mar 2007) | 4 lines Added the posibility to pass the timeout to FTP.connect, not only when instantiating the class. Docs and tests are updated. ........ r54614 | collin.winter | 2007-03-30 07:01:25 -0700 (Fri, 30 Mar 2007) | 1 line Bug #1688274: add documentation for C-level class objects. ........ r54615 | marc-andre.lemburg | 2007-03-30 08:01:42 -0700 (Fri, 30 Mar 2007) | 4 lines Bump the patch level version of distutils since there were a few bug fixes since the 2.5.0 release. ........ r54617 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-30 08:49:05 -0700 (Fri, 30 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Markup fix. ........ r54618 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-30 10:39:39 -0700 (Fri, 30 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Label name fix. ........ r54619 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-30 10:47:21 -0700 (Fri, 30 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Duplicate label fix. ........ r54620 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-30 10:48:39 -0700 (Fri, 30 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Markup fix. ........ r54623 | andrew.kuchling | 2007-03-30 11:00:15 -0700 (Fri, 30 Mar 2007) | 1 line Add item. (Oops, accidentally checked this in on my branch) ........ r54624 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-30 12:01:38 -0700 (Fri, 30 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Duplicate label fix. ........ r54625 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-30 12:14:02 -0700 (Fri, 30 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Markup fix. ........ r54629 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-31 03:17:31 -0700 (Sat, 31 Mar 2007) | 2 lines repair string literal. ........ r54630 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-31 04:54:58 -0700 (Sat, 31 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Markup fix. ........ r54631 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-31 04:58:36 -0700 (Sat, 31 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Duplicate label fix. ........ r54632 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-31 04:59:54 -0700 (Sat, 31 Mar 2007) | 2 lines Typo fix. ........ r54633 | neal.norwitz | 2007-03-31 11:54:18 -0700 (Sat, 31 Mar 2007) | 1 line Fix method names. Will backport. ........ r54634 | georg.brandl | 2007-03-31 11:56:11 -0700 (Sat, 31 Mar 2007) | 4 lines Bug #1655392: don't add -L/usr/lib/pythonX.Y/config to the LDFLAGS returned by python-config if Python was built with --enable-shared because that prevented the shared library from being used. ........ r54637 | collin.winter | 2007-03-31 12:31:34 -0700 (Sat, 31 Mar 2007) | 1 line Shut up an occaisonal buildbot error due to test files being left around. ........ r54644 | neal.norwitz | 2007-04-01 11:24:22 -0700 (Sun, 01 Apr 2007) | 11 lines SF #1685563, MSVCCompiler creates redundant and long PATH strings If MSVCCompiler.initialize() was called multiple times, the path would get duplicated. On Windows, this is a problem because the path is limited to 4k. There's no benefit in adding a path multiple times, so prevent that from occuring. We also normalize the path before checking for duplicates so things like /a and /a/ won't both be stored. Will backport. ........ r54646 | brett.cannon | 2007-04-01 11:47:27 -0700 (Sun, 01 Apr 2007) | 8 lines time.strptime's caching of its locale object was being recreated when the locale changed but not used during the function call it was recreated during. The test in this checkin is untested (OS X does not have the proper locale support for me to test), although the fix for the bug this deals with was tested by the OP (#1290505). Once the buildbots verify the test at least doesn't fail it becomes a backport candidate. ........ r54647 | brett.cannon | 2007-04-01 12:46:19 -0700 (Sun, 01 Apr 2007) | 3 lines Fix the test for recreating the locale cache object by not worrying about if one of the test locales cannot be set. ........ r54649 | georg.brandl | 2007-04-01 14:29:15 -0700 (Sun, 01 Apr 2007) | 2 lines Fix a lot of markup and meta-information glitches. ........ r54650 | georg.brandl | 2007-04-01 14:39:52 -0700 (Sun, 01 Apr 2007) | 2 lines Another fix. ........ r54651 | georg.brandl | 2007-04-01 15:39:10 -0700 (Sun, 01 Apr 2007) | 2 lines Lots of explicit class names for method and member descs. ........ r54652 | georg.brandl | 2007-04-01 15:40:12 -0700 (Sun, 01 Apr 2007) | 2 lines Explicit class names. ........ r54653 | georg.brandl | 2007-04-01 15:47:31 -0700 (Sun, 01 Apr 2007) | 2 lines Some semantic fixes. ........ r54654 | georg.brandl | 2007-04-01 16:29:10 -0700 (Sun, 01 Apr 2007) | 2 lines Remove bogus entry. ........ r54655 | georg.brandl | 2007-04-01 16:31:30 -0700 (Sun, 01 Apr 2007) | 2 lines Fix the class name of strings. ........ r54658 | raymond.hettinger | 2007-04-02 10:29:30 -0700 (Mon, 02 Apr 2007) | 1 line SF #1693079: Cannot save empty array in shelve ........ r54663 | raymond.hettinger | 2007-04-02 15:54:21 -0700 (Mon, 02 Apr 2007) | 3 lines Array module's buffer interface can now handle empty arrays. ........ r54664 | guido.van.rossum | 2007-04-02 16:55:37 -0700 (Mon, 02 Apr 2007) | 5 lines Fix warnings about object.__init__() signature. Two (test_array and test_descr) were bug IMO; the third (copy_reg) is a work-around which recognizes that object.__init__() doesn't do anything. ........ r54666 | raymond.hettinger | 2007-04-02 17:02:11 -0700 (Mon, 02 Apr 2007) | 1 line SF 1602378 Clarify docstrings for bisect ........ r54668 | raymond.hettinger | 2007-04-02 18:39:43 -0700 (Mon, 02 Apr 2007) | 3 lines SF #1382213: Tutorial section 9.5.1 ignores MRO for new-style classes ........ r54669 | matthias.klose | 2007-04-02 21:35:59 -0700 (Mon, 02 Apr 2007) | 4 lines - Fix an off-by-one bug in locale.strxfrm(). patch taken from http://bugs.debian.org/416934. ........ r54671 | georg.brandl | 2007-04-03 00:04:27 -0700 (Tue, 03 Apr 2007) | 9 lines Fix the strange case of \begin{methoddesc}[NNTP]{...} where \ifx#1\@undefined ended up comparing N and N, therefore executing the true part of the conditional, blowing up at \@undefined. ........ r54672 | facundo.batista | 2007-04-03 07:05:08 -0700 (Tue, 03 Apr 2007) | 4 lines Now using unittest for the tests infraestructure. Also split the tests in those who need the network, and that who doesn't. ........ r54673 | walter.doerwald | 2007-04-03 09:08:10 -0700 (Tue, 03 Apr 2007) | 4 lines Move the functionality for catching warnings in test_warnings.py into a separate class to that reusing the functionality in test_structmembers.py doesn't rerun the tests from test_warnings.py. ........ r54674 | walter.doerwald | 2007-04-03 09:16:24 -0700 (Tue, 03 Apr 2007) | 2 lines Document that CatchWarningTests is reused by test_structmembers.py. ........ r54675 | walter.doerwald | 2007-04-03 09:53:43 -0700 (Tue, 03 Apr 2007) | 4 lines Add tests for the filename. Test that the stacklevel is handled correctly. ........ r54676 | facundo.batista | 2007-04-03 10:29:48 -0700 (Tue, 03 Apr 2007) | 6 lines Added a SSL server to test_socket_ssl.py to be able to test locally. Now, it checks if have openssl available and run those specific tests (it starts openssl at the beggining of all the tests and then kills it at the end). ........ r54677 | walter.doerwald | 2007-04-03 11:33:29 -0700 (Tue, 03 Apr 2007) | 6 lines Implement a contextmanager test.test_support.catch_warning that can be used to catch the last warning issued by the warning framework. Change test_warnings.py and test_structmembers.py to use this new contextmanager. ........ r54678 | facundo.batista | 2007-04-03 14:15:34 -0700 (Tue, 03 Apr 2007) | 4 lines Changed the whole structure of startup and checking if the server is available. Hope to not get more false alarms. ........ r54681 | facundo.batista | 2007-04-04 07:10:40 -0700 (Wed, 04 Apr 2007) | 4 lines Fixed the way that the .pem files are looked for, and changed how to kill the process in win32 to use the _handle attribute. ........ r54682 | guido.van.rossum | 2007-04-04 10:43:02 -0700 (Wed, 04 Apr 2007) | 4 lines Fix a race condition in this test -- instead of assuming that it will take the test server thread at most 0.5 seconds to get ready, use an event variable. ........ r54683 | collin.winter | 2007-04-04 11:14:17 -0700 (Wed, 04 Apr 2007) | 1 line Clean up imports. ........ r54684 | collin.winter | 2007-04-04 11:16:24 -0700 (Wed, 04 Apr 2007) | 1 line Stop using test_support.verify(). ........ r54685 | martin.v.loewis | 2007-04-04 11:30:36 -0700 (Wed, 04 Apr 2007) | 2 lines Bug #1686475: Support stat'ing open files on Windows again. Will backport to 2.5. ........ r54687 | collin.winter | 2007-04-04 11:33:40 -0700 (Wed, 04 Apr 2007) | 1 line Make test_getopt use unittest. ........ r54688 | collin.winter | 2007-04-04 11:36:30 -0700 (Wed, 04 Apr 2007) | 1 line Make test_softspace use unittest. ........ r54689 | ziga.seilnacht | 2007-04-04 11:38:47 -0700 (Wed, 04 Apr 2007) | 2 lines Fix WalkTests.test_traversal() on Windows. The cleanup in MakedirTests.setUp() can now be removed. ........ r54695 | raymond.hettinger | 2007-04-05 11:00:03 -0700 (Thu, 05 Apr 2007) | 3 lines Bug #1563759: struct.unpack doens't support buffer protocol objects ........ r54697 | collin.winter | 2007-04-05 13:05:07 -0700 (Thu, 05 Apr 2007) | 1 line Convert test_long_future to use unittest. ........ r54698 | collin.winter | 2007-04-05 13:08:56 -0700 (Thu, 05 Apr 2007) | 1 line Convert test_normalization to use unittest. ........ r54699 | andrew.kuchling | 2007-04-05 18:11:58 -0700 (Thu, 05 Apr 2007) | 1 line Some grammar fixes ........ r54704 | collin.winter | 2007-04-06 12:27:40 -0700 (Fri, 06 Apr 2007) | 1 line Convert test_stringprep to use unittest. ........ r54705 | collin.winter | 2007-04-06 12:32:32 -0700 (Fri, 06 Apr 2007) | 1 line Import cleanup in test_crypt. ........ r54706 | collin.winter | 2007-04-06 13:00:05 -0700 (Fri, 06 Apr 2007) | 1 line Convert test_gc to use unittest. ........ r54707 | collin.winter | 2007-04-06 13:03:11 -0700 (Fri, 06 Apr 2007) | 1 line Convert test_module to use unittest. ........ r54711 | collin.winter | 2007-04-06 21:40:43 -0700 (Fri, 06 Apr 2007) | 1 line Convert test_fileinput to use unittest. ........ r54712 | brett.cannon | 2007-04-07 21:29:32 -0700 (Sat, 07 Apr 2007) | 5 lines Doc that file.next() has undefined behaviour when called on a file opened with 'w'. Closes bug #1569057. To be backported once 2.5 branch is unfrozen. ........ r54726 | vinay.sajip | 2007-04-09 09:16:10 -0700 (Mon, 09 Apr 2007) | 1 line Added optional timeout to SocketHandler.makeSocket (SF #1695948) ........ r54727 | ziga.seilnacht | 2007-04-09 12:10:29 -0700 (Mon, 09 Apr 2007) | 3 lines Patch #1695862: remove old test directory that causes test_urllib failures on Windows buildbots. The change is a one time fix and will be removed after a successful buildbot run. ........ r54729 | facundo.batista | 2007-04-09 20:00:37 -0700 (Mon, 09 Apr 2007) | 3 lines Minor fix to the tests pass ok even with -O. ........ r54730 | collin.winter | 2007-04-09 21:44:49 -0700 (Mon, 09 Apr 2007) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r54732 | facundo.batista | 2007-04-10 05:58:45 -0700 (Tue, 10 Apr 2007) | 5 lines General clean-up. Lot of margin corrections, comments, some typos. Exceptions now are raised in the new style. And a mockup class is now also new style. Thanks Santiago Pereson. ........ r54741 | georg.brandl | 2007-04-10 14:39:38 -0700 (Tue, 10 Apr 2007) | 2 lines Repair a duplicate label and some obsolete uses of \setindexsubitem. ........ r54746 | andrew.kuchling | 2007-04-11 06:39:00 -0700 (Wed, 11 Apr 2007) | 1 line Add window.chgat() method, submitted via e-mail by Fabian Kreutz ........ r54747 | andrew.kuchling | 2007-04-11 06:42:25 -0700 (Wed, 11 Apr 2007) | 1 line Point readers at the patch submission instructions ........ r54748 | andrew.kuchling | 2007-04-11 06:47:13 -0700 (Wed, 11 Apr 2007) | 1 line Describe undocumented third argument to touchline() ........ r54757 | georg.brandl | 2007-04-11 10:16:24 -0700 (Wed, 11 Apr 2007) | 3 lines Add some missing NULL checks which trigger crashes on low-memory conditions. Found by Victor Stinner. Will backport when 2.5 branch is unfrozen. ........ r54760 | raymond.hettinger | 2007-04-11 11:40:58 -0700 (Wed, 11 Apr 2007) | 1 line SF 1191699: Make slices picklable ........ r54762 | georg.brandl | 2007-04-11 12:25:11 -0700 (Wed, 11 Apr 2007) | 2 lines Exceptions are no longer old-style instances. Fix accordingly. ........ r54763 | georg.brandl | 2007-04-11 16:28:44 -0700 (Wed, 11 Apr 2007) | 2 lines Repair missing spaces after \UNIX. ........ r54772 | raymond.hettinger | 2007-04-11 21:10:00 -0700 (Wed, 11 Apr 2007) | 1 line SF 1193128: Let str.translate(None) be an identity transformation ........ r54784 | georg.brandl | 2007-04-12 00:01:19 -0700 (Thu, 12 Apr 2007) | 2 lines Patch #1698951: clarify deprecation message in rexec and Bastion ........ r54785 | ziga.seilnacht | 2007-04-12 01:46:51 -0700 (Thu, 12 Apr 2007) | 2 lines Patch #1695862: remove the cleanup code, now that Windows buildbots are green again. ........ r54786 | walter.doerwald | 2007-04-12 03:35:00 -0700 (Thu, 12 Apr 2007) | 3 lines Fix utf-8-sig incremental decoder, which didn't recognise a BOM when the first chunk fed to the decoder started with a BOM, but was longer than 3 bytes. ........ r54807 | barry.warsaw | 2007-04-13 11:47:14 -0700 (Fri, 13 Apr 2007) | 8 lines Port r54805 from python25-maint branch: Add code to read from master_fd in the parent, breaking when we get an OSError (EIO can occur on Linux) or there's no more data to read. Without this, test_pty.py can hang on the waitpid() because the child is blocking on the stdout write. This will definitely happen on Mac OS X and could potentially happen on other platforms. See the comment for details. ........ r54812 | kristjan.jonsson | 2007-04-13 15:07:33 -0700 (Fri, 13 Apr 2007) | 1 line Fix a bug when using the __lltrace__ opcode tracer, and a problem sith signed chars in frameobject.c which can occur with opcodes > 127 ........ r54814 | kristjan.jonsson | 2007-04-13 15:20:13 -0700 (Fri, 13 Apr 2007) | 1 line Fix potential crash in path manipulation on windows ........ r54816 | trent.mick | 2007-04-13 16:22:05 -0700 (Fri, 13 Apr 2007) | 4 lines Add the necessary dependency for the Windows VC6 build to ensure 'pythoncore' is built before '_ctypes' is attempted. Will backport to 2.5 once it is unfrozen for 2.5.1. ........ r54825 | neal.norwitz | 2007-04-13 22:25:50 -0700 (Fri, 13 Apr 2007) | 3 lines When __slots__ are set to a unicode string, make it work the same as setting a plain string, ie don't expand to single letter identifiers. ........ r54841 | neal.norwitz | 2007-04-16 00:37:55 -0700 (Mon, 16 Apr 2007) | 1 line SF #1701207, Fix bogus assertion (and test it!) ........ r54844 | collin.winter | 2007-04-16 15:10:32 -0700 (Mon, 16 Apr 2007) | 1 line Check the availability of the urlfetch resource earlier than before. ........ r54849 | martin.v.loewis | 2007-04-16 22:02:01 -0700 (Mon, 16 Apr 2007) | 2 lines Add Travis Oliphant. ........ r54873 | brett.cannon | 2007-04-18 20:44:17 -0700 (Wed, 18 Apr 2007) | 2 lines Silence a compiler warning about incompatible pointer types. ........ r54874 | neal.norwitz | 2007-04-18 22:52:37 -0700 (Wed, 18 Apr 2007) | 2 lines SF #1703270, add missing declaration in readline.c to avoid compiler warning. ........ r54875 | armin.rigo | 2007-04-19 07:44:48 -0700 (Thu, 19 Apr 2007) | 8 lines Revert r53997 as per http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2007-March/071796.html . I've kept a couple of still-valid extra tests in test_descr, but didn't bother to sort through the new comments and refactorings added in r53997 to see if some of them could be kept. If so, they could go in a follow-up check-in. ........ r54876 | armin.rigo | 2007-04-19 07:56:48 -0700 (Thu, 19 Apr 2007) | 2 lines Fix a usage of the dangerous pattern decref - modify field - incref. ........ r54884 | neal.norwitz | 2007-04-19 22:20:38 -0700 (Thu, 19 Apr 2007) | 9 lines Add an optional address to copy the failure mails to. Detect a conflict in the only file that should have outstanding changes when this script is run. This doesn't matter on the trunk, but does when run on a branch. Trunk always has the date set to today in boilerplate.tex. Each time a release is cut with a different date, a conflict occurs. (We could copy a known good version, but then we would lose changes to this file.) ........ r54918 | georg.brandl | 2007-04-21 13:35:38 -0700 (Sat, 21 Apr 2007) | 3 lines Bug #1704790: bind name "sys" locally in __del__ method so that it is not cleared before __del__ is run. ........ r54920 | facundo.batista | 2007-04-21 18:18:56 -0700 (Sat, 21 Apr 2007) | 5 lines Added tests for other methods of SSL object. Now we cover all the object methods. This is the final step to close the #451607 bug. ........ r54927 | facundo.batista | 2007-04-23 10:08:31 -0700 (Mon, 23 Apr 2007) | 5 lines As specified in RFC 2616, 2xx code indicates that the client's request was successfully received, understood, and accepted. Now in these cases no error is raised. Also fixed tests. ........ r54929 | collin.winter | 2007-04-23 20:43:46 -0700 (Mon, 23 Apr 2007) | 1 line Convert PyUnit -> unittest. ........ r54931 | collin.winter | 2007-04-23 21:09:52 -0700 (Mon, 23 Apr 2007) | 1 line Remove code that hasn't been called in years. ........ r54932 | neal.norwitz | 2007-04-23 21:53:12 -0700 (Mon, 23 Apr 2007) | 1 line Fix SF #1703110, Incorrect example for add_password() (use uri, not host) ........ r54934 | georg.brandl | 2007-04-24 03:36:42 -0700 (Tue, 24 Apr 2007) | 2 lines Some new year updates. ........ r54938 | facundo.batista | 2007-04-24 06:54:38 -0700 (Tue, 24 Apr 2007) | 4 lines Added a comment about last change in urllib2.py (all 2xx responses are ok now). ........ r54939 | georg.brandl | 2007-04-24 08:10:09 -0700 (Tue, 24 Apr 2007) | 2 lines Bug #1705717: error in sys.argv docs. ........ r54941 | georg.brandl | 2007-04-24 08:27:13 -0700 (Tue, 24 Apr 2007) | 4 lines Bug #1706381: Specifying the SWIG option "-c++" in the setup.py file (as opposed to the command line) will now write file names ending in ".cpp" too. ........ r54944 | raymond.hettinger | 2007-04-24 15:13:43 -0700 (Tue, 24 Apr 2007) | 1 line Fix markup ........ r54945 | kristjan.jonsson | 2007-04-24 17:10:50 -0700 (Tue, 24 Apr 2007) | 1 line Merge change 54909 from release25-maint: Fix several minor issues discovered using code analysis in VisualStudio 2005 Team Edition ........ r54947 | kristjan.jonsson | 2007-04-24 17:17:39 -0700 (Tue, 24 Apr 2007) | 1 line Make pythoncore compile cleanly with VisualStudio 2005. Used an explicit typecast to get a 64 bit integer, and undefined the Yield macro that conflicts with winbase.h ........ r54948 | kristjan.jonsson | 2007-04-24 17:19:26 -0700 (Tue, 24 Apr 2007) | 1 line Remove obsolete comment. Importing of .dll files has been discontinued, only .pyd files supported on windows now. ........ r54949 | georg.brandl | 2007-04-24 23:24:59 -0700 (Tue, 24 Apr 2007) | 2 lines Patch #1698768: updated the "using Python on the Mac" intro. ........ r54951 | georg.brandl | 2007-04-24 23:25:55 -0700 (Tue, 24 Apr 2007) | 2 lines Markup fix. ........ r54953 | neal.norwitz | 2007-04-24 23:30:05 -0700 (Tue, 24 Apr 2007) | 3 lines Whitespace normalization. Ugh, we really need to do this more often. You might want to review this change as it's my first time. Be gentle. :-) ........ r54956 | collin.winter | 2007-04-25 10:29:52 -0700 (Wed, 25 Apr 2007) | 1 line Standardize on test.test_support.run_unittest() (as opposed to a mix of run_unittest() and run_suite()). Also, add functionality to run_unittest() that admits usage of unittest.TestLoader.loadTestsFromModule(). ........ r54957 | collin.winter | 2007-04-25 10:37:35 -0700 (Wed, 25 Apr 2007) | 1 line Remove functionality from test_datetime.test_main() that does reference count checking; 'regrtest.py -R' is the way to do this kind of testing. ........ r54958 | collin.winter | 2007-04-25 10:57:53 -0700 (Wed, 25 Apr 2007) | 1 line Change test_support.have_unicode to use True/False instead of 1/0. ........ r54959 | tim.peters | 2007-04-25 11:47:18 -0700 (Wed, 25 Apr 2007) | 2 lines Whitespace normalization. ........ r54960 | tim.peters | 2007-04-25 11:48:35 -0700 (Wed, 25 Apr 2007) | 2 lines Set missing svn:eol-style property on text files. ........ r54961 | collin.winter | 2007-04-25 11:54:36 -0700 (Wed, 25 Apr 2007) | 1 line Import and raise statement cleanup. ........ r54969 | collin.winter | 2007-04-25 13:41:34 -0700 (Wed, 25 Apr 2007) | 1 line Convert test_ossaudiodev to use unittest. ........ r54974 | collin.winter | 2007-04-25 14:50:25 -0700 (Wed, 25 Apr 2007) | 1 line Fix an issue related to the unittest conversion. ........ r54979 | fred.drake | 2007-04-25 21:42:19 -0700 (Wed, 25 Apr 2007) | 1 line fix some markup errors ........ r54982 | kristjan.jonsson | 2007-04-26 02:15:08 -0700 (Thu, 26 Apr 2007) | 1 line Export function sanitize_the_mode from fileobject.c as _PyFile_SanitizeMode(). Use this function in posixmodule.c when implementing fdopen(). This fixes test_subprocess.py for a VisualStudio 2005 compile. ........ r54983 | kristjan.jonsson | 2007-04-26 06:44:16 -0700 (Thu, 26 Apr 2007) | 1 line The locale "En" appears not to be valid on windows underi VisualStudio.2005. Added "English" to the test_locale.py to make the testsuite pass for that build ........ r54984 | steve.holden | 2007-04-26 07:23:12 -0700 (Thu, 26 Apr 2007) | 1 line Minor wording change on slicing aide-memoire. ........ r54985 | kristjan.jonsson | 2007-04-26 08:24:54 -0700 (Thu, 26 Apr 2007) | 1 line Accomodate 64 bit time_t in the _bsddb module. ........
2007-04-27 16:54:29 -03:00
\section{String conversion and formatting \label{string-formatting}}
Functions for number conversion and formatted string output.
\begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyOS_snprintf}{char *str, size_t size,
const char *format, \moreargs}
Output not more than \var{size} bytes to \var{str} according to the format
string \var{format} and the extra arguments. See the \UNIX{} man
page \manpage{snprintf}{2}.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{int}{PyOS_vsnprintf}{char *str, size_t size,
const char *format, va_list va}
Output not more than \var{size} bytes to \var{str} according to the format
string \var{format} and the variable argument list \var{va}. \UNIX{}
man page \manpage{vsnprintf}{2}.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\cfunction{PyOS_snprintf} and \cfunction{PyOS_vsnprintf} wrap the
Standard C library functions \cfunction{snprintf()} and
\cfunction{vsnprintf()}. Their purpose is to guarantee consistent
behavior in corner cases, which the Standard C functions do not.
The wrappers ensure that \var{str}[\var{size}-1] is always
\character{\textbackslash0} upon return. They never write more than
\var{size} bytes (including the trailing \character{\textbackslash0}
into str. Both functions require that \code{\var{str} != NULL},
\code{\var{size} > 0} and \code{\var{format} != NULL}.
If the platform doesn't have \cfunction{vsnprintf()} and the buffer
size needed to avoid truncation exceeds \var{size} by more than 512
bytes, Python aborts with a \var{Py_FatalError}.
The return value (\var{rv}) for these functions should be interpreted
as follows:
\begin{itemize}
\item When \code{0 <= \var{rv} < \var{size}}, the output conversion
was successful and \var{rv} characters were written to \var{str}
(excluding the trailing \character{\textbackslash0} byte at
\var{str}[\var{rv}]).
\item When \code{\var{rv} >= \var{size}}, the output conversion was
truncated and a buffer with \code{\var{rv} + 1} bytes would have
been needed to succeed. \var{str}[\var{size}-1] is
\character{\textbackslash0} in this case.
\item When \code{\var{rv} < 0}, ``something bad happened.''
\var{str}[\var{size}-1] is \character{\textbackslash0} in this case
too, but the rest of \var{str} is undefined. The exact cause of the
error depends on the underlying platform.
\end{itemize}
The following functions provide locale-independent string to number
conversions.
\begin{cfuncdesc}{double}{PyOS_ascii_strtod}{const char *nptr, char **endptr}
Convert a string to a \ctype{double}. This function behaves like the
Standard C function \cfunction{strtod()} does in the C locale. It does
this without changing the current locale, since that would not be
thread-safe.
\cfunction{PyOS_ascii_strtod} should typically be used for reading
configuration files or other non-user input that should be locale
independent. \versionadded{2.4}
See the \UNIX{} man page \manpage{strtod}{2} for details.
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{char *}{PyOS_ascii_formatd}{char *buffer, size_t buf_len,
const char *format, double d}
Convert a \ctype{double} to a string using the \character{.} as the
decimal separator. \var{format} is a \cfunction{printf()}-style format
string specifying the number format. Allowed conversion characters are
\character{e}, \character{E}, \character{f}, \character{F},
\character{g} and \character{G}.
The return value is a pointer to \var{buffer} with the converted
string or NULL if the conversion failed. \versionadded{2.4}
\end{cfuncdesc}
\begin{cfuncdesc}{double}{PyOS_ascii_atof}{const char *nptr}
Convert a string to a \ctype{double} in a locale-independent
way. \versionadded{2.4}
See the \UNIX{} man page \manpage{atof}{2} for details.
\end{cfuncdesc}