1998-08-10 16:42:37 -03:00
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\section{\module{time} ---
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Time access and conversions}
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2000-04-03 17:13:55 -03:00
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\declaremodule{builtin}{time}
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\modulesynopsis{Time access and conversions.}
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1998-04-03 02:12:21 -04:00
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2003-05-05 13:46:26 -03:00
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This module provides various time-related functions. It is always
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available, but not all functions are available on all platforms. Most
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of the functions defined in this module call platform C library
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functions with the same name. It may sometimes be helpful to consult
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the platform documentation, because the semantics of these functions
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varies among platforms.
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1994-01-01 21:22:07 -04:00
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An explanation of some terminology and conventions is in order.
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\begin{itemize}
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\item
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1998-04-11 01:52:15 -03:00
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The \dfn{epoch}\index{epoch} is the point where the time starts. On
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January 1st of that year, at 0 hours, the ``time since the epoch'' is
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zero. For \UNIX, the epoch is 1970. To find out what the epoch is,
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look at \code{gmtime(0)}.
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\item
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The functions in this module do not handle dates and times before the
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epoch or far in the future. The cut-off point in the future is
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determined by the C library; for \UNIX, it is typically in
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2038\index{Year 2038}.
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\item
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\strong{Year 2000 (Y2K) issues}:\index{Year 2000}\index{Y2K} Python
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depends on the platform's C library, which generally doesn't have year
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2000 issues, since all dates and times are represented internally as
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2003-02-04 11:12:06 -04:00
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seconds since the epoch. Functions accepting a \class{struct_time}
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(see below) generally require a 4-digit year. For backward
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compatibility, 2-digit years are supported if the module variable
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\code{accept2dyear} is a non-zero integer; this variable is
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initialized to \code{1} unless the environment variable
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\envvar{PYTHONY2K} is set to a non-empty string, in which case it is
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initialized to \code{0}. Thus, you can set
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\envvar{PYTHONY2K} to a non-empty string in the environment to require 4-digit
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years for all year input. When 2-digit years are accepted, they are
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converted according to the \POSIX{} or X/Open standard: values 69-99
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are mapped to 1969-1999, and values 0--68 are mapped to 2000--2068.
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Values 100--1899 are always illegal. Note that this is new as of
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Python 1.5.2(a2); earlier versions, up to Python 1.5.1 and 1.5.2a1,
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would add 1900 to year values below 1900.
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\item
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UTC\index{UTC} is Coordinated Universal Time\index{Coordinated
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Universal Time} (formerly known as Greenwich Mean
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Time,\index{Greenwich Mean Time} or GMT). The acronym UTC is not a
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mistake but a compromise between English and French.
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1994-01-01 21:22:07 -04:00
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\item
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DST is Daylight Saving Time,\index{Daylight Saving Time} an adjustment
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of the timezone by (usually) one hour during part of the year. DST
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rules are magic (determined by local law) and can change from year to
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year. The C library has a table containing the local rules (often it
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is read from a system file for flexibility) and is the only source of
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True Wisdom in this respect.
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\item
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The precision of the various real-time functions may be less than
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suggested by the units in which their value or argument is expressed.
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E.g.\ on most \UNIX{} systems, the clock ``ticks'' only 50 or 100 times a
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second, and on the Mac, times are only accurate to whole seconds.
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1996-12-12 13:59:37 -04:00
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\item
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1998-04-03 02:12:21 -04:00
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On the other hand, the precision of \function{time()} and
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\function{sleep()} is better than their \UNIX{} equivalents: times are
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expressed as floating point numbers, \function{time()} returns the
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most accurate time available (using \UNIX{} \cfunction{gettimeofday()}
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where available), and \function{sleep()} will accept a time with a
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nonzero fraction (\UNIX{} \cfunction{select()} is used to implement
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this, where available).
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1996-07-30 15:32:04 -03:00
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\item
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The time value as returned by \function{gmtime()},
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\function{localtime()}, and \function{strptime()}, and accepted by
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\function{asctime()}, \function{mktime()} and \function{strftime()},
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is a sequence of 9 integers. The return values of \function{gmtime()},
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\function{localtime()}, and \function{strptime()} also offer attribute
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names for individual fields.
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\begin{tableiii}{c|l|l}{textrm}{Index}{Attribute}{Values}
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\lineiii{0}{\member{tm_year}}{(for example, 1993)}
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\lineiii{1}{\member{tm_mon}}{range [1,12]}
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\lineiii{2}{\member{tm_mday}}{range [1,31]}
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\lineiii{3}{\member{tm_hour}}{range [0,23]}
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\lineiii{4}{\member{tm_min}}{range [0,59]}
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\lineiii{5}{\member{tm_sec}}{range [0,61]; see \strong{(1)} in \function{strftime()} description}
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\lineiii{6}{\member{tm_wday}}{range [0,6], Monday is 0}
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\lineiii{7}{\member{tm_yday}}{range [1,366]}
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\lineiii{8}{\member{tm_isdst}}{0, 1 or -1; see below}
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\end{tableiii}
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Note that unlike the C structure, the month value is a
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range of 1-12, not 0-11. A year value will be handled as described
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under ``Year 2000 (Y2K) issues'' above. A \code{-1} argument as the
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daylight savings flag, passed to \function{mktime()} will usually
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result in the correct daylight savings state to be filled in.
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1996-07-30 15:32:04 -03:00
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2001-10-29 14:01:24 -04:00
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When a tuple with an incorrect length is passed to a function
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expecting a \class{struct_time}, or having elements of the wrong type, a
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2001-10-29 14:01:24 -04:00
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\exception{TypeError} is raised.
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2002-11-13 15:05:01 -04:00
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\versionchanged[The time value sequence was changed from a tuple to a
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2003-02-04 11:12:06 -04:00
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\class{struct_time}, with the addition of attribute names
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2002-11-13 15:05:01 -04:00
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for the fields]{2.2}
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1994-01-01 21:22:07 -04:00
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\end{itemize}
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1995-03-17 12:07:09 -04:00
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The module defines the following functions and data items:
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1999-01-19 15:35:18 -04:00
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\begin{datadesc}{accept2dyear}
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Boolean value indicating whether two-digit year values will be
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accepted. This is true by default, but will be set to false if the
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environment variable \envvar{PYTHONY2K} has been set to a non-empty
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string. It may also be modified at run time.
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\end{datadesc}
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1994-01-01 21:22:07 -04:00
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\begin{datadesc}{altzone}
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The offset of the local DST timezone, in seconds west of UTC, if one
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2000-06-30 01:24:52 -03:00
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is defined. This is negative if the local DST timezone is east of UTC
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(as in Western Europe, including the UK). Only use this if
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2000-04-05 12:06:03 -03:00
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\code{daylight} is nonzero.
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\end{datadesc}
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2003-02-04 11:12:06 -04:00
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\begin{funcdesc}{asctime}{\optional{t}}
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Convert a tuple or \class{struct_time} representing a time as returned
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by \function{gmtime()}
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or \function{localtime()} to a 24-character string of the following form:
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\code{'Sun Jun 20 23:21:05 1993'}. If \var{t} is not provided, the
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2001-10-20 01:24:09 -03:00
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current time as returned by \function{localtime()} is used.
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2002-10-30 14:17:03 -04:00
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Locale information is not used by \function{asctime()}.
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2001-10-20 01:24:09 -03:00
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\note{Unlike the C function of the same name, there is no trailing
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newline.}
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\versionchanged[Allowed \var{t} to be omitted]{2.1}
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\end{funcdesc}
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1994-08-23 10:26:22 -03:00
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\begin{funcdesc}{clock}{}
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On \UNIX, return
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the current processor time as a floating point number expressed in
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2000-07-16 16:01:10 -03:00
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seconds. The precision, and in fact the very definition of the meaning
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2001-07-16 12:40:57 -03:00
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of ``processor time''\index{CPU time}\index{processor time}, depends
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on that of the C function of the same name, but in any case, this is
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the function to use for benchmarking\index{benchmarking} Python or
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timing algorithms.
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2001-08-18 22:38:03 -03:00
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On Windows, this function returns wall-clock seconds elapsed since the
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first call to this function, as a floating point number,
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based on the Win32 function \cfunction{QueryPerformanceCounter()}.
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The resolution is typically better than one microsecond.
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1994-08-23 10:26:22 -03:00
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\end{funcdesc}
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2001-01-19 19:16:56 -04:00
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\begin{funcdesc}{ctime}{\optional{secs}}
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1994-01-01 21:22:07 -04:00
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Convert a time expressed in seconds since the epoch to a string
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representing local time. If \var{secs} is not provided or
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\constant{None}, the current time as returned by \function{time()} is
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used. \code{ctime(\var{secs})} is equivalent to
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\code{asctime(localtime(\var{secs}))}.
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2002-10-30 14:17:03 -04:00
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Locale information is not used by \function{ctime()}.
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2001-04-19 01:55:23 -03:00
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\versionchanged[Allowed \var{secs} to be omitted]{2.1}
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2004-08-03 14:58:55 -03:00
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\versionchanged[If \var{secs} is \constant{None}, the current time is
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2004-08-12 23:34:06 -03:00
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used]{2.4}
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1994-01-01 21:22:07 -04:00
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{datadesc}{daylight}
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Nonzero if a DST timezone is defined.
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\end{datadesc}
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2001-01-19 19:16:56 -04:00
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\begin{funcdesc}{gmtime}{\optional{secs}}
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2003-02-04 11:12:06 -04:00
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Convert a time expressed in seconds since the epoch to a \class{struct_time}
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in UTC in which the dst flag is always zero. If \var{secs} is not
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provided or \constant{None}, the current time as returned by
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\function{time()} is used. Fractions of a second are ignored. See
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2004-10-31 08:19:34 -04:00
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above for a description of the \class{struct_time} object. See
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\function{calendar.timegm()} for the inverse of this function.
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2001-04-19 01:55:23 -03:00
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\versionchanged[Allowed \var{secs} to be omitted]{2.1}
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\versionchanged[If \var{secs} is \constant{None}, the current time is
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2004-08-12 23:34:06 -03:00
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used]{2.4}
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\end{funcdesc}
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2001-01-19 19:16:56 -04:00
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\begin{funcdesc}{localtime}{\optional{secs}}
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Like \function{gmtime()} but converts to local time. If \var{secs} is
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not provided or \constant{None}, the current time as returned by
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\function{time()} is used. The dst flag is set to \code{1} when DST
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applies to the given time.
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2001-04-19 01:55:23 -03:00
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\versionchanged[Allowed \var{secs} to be omitted]{2.1}
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2004-08-03 14:58:55 -03:00
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\versionchanged[If \var{secs} is \constant{None}, the current time is
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2004-08-12 23:34:06 -03:00
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used]{2.4}
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1994-01-01 21:22:07 -04:00
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\end{funcdesc}
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2003-02-04 11:12:06 -04:00
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\begin{funcdesc}{mktime}{t}
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This is the inverse function of \function{localtime()}. Its argument
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2003-02-04 11:12:06 -04:00
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is the \class{struct_time} or full 9-tuple (since the dst flag is
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needed; use \code{-1} as the dst flag if it is unknown) which
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expresses the time in
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1998-12-08 15:59:36 -04:00
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\emph{local} time, not UTC. It returns a floating point number, for
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compatibility with \function{time()}. If the input value cannot be
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2001-10-29 14:01:24 -04:00
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represented as a valid time, either \exception{OverflowError} or
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\exception{ValueError} will be raised (which depends on whether the
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invalid value is caught by Python or the underlying C libraries). The
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2001-08-22 09:44:27 -03:00
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earliest date for which it can generate a time is platform-dependent.
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1994-01-01 21:22:07 -04:00
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{funcdesc}{sleep}{secs}
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Suspend execution for the given number of seconds. The argument may
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be a floating point number to indicate a more precise sleep time.
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1999-08-19 11:42:54 -03:00
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The actual suspension time may be less than that requested because any
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caught signal will terminate the \function{sleep()} following
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execution of that signal's catching routine. Also, the suspension
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time may be longer than requested by an arbitrary amount because of
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the scheduling of other activity in the system.
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1994-01-01 21:22:07 -04:00
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\end{funcdesc}
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2003-02-04 11:12:06 -04:00
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\begin{funcdesc}{strftime}{format\optional{, t}}
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Convert a tuple or \class{struct_time} representing a time as returned
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by \function{gmtime()} or \function{localtime()} to a string as
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specified by the \var{format} argument. If \var{t} is not
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provided, the current time as returned by \function{localtime()} is
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2004-03-02 00:38:10 -04:00
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used. \var{format} must be a string. \exception{ValueError} is raised
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if any field in \var{t} is outside of the allowed range.
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2003-02-04 11:12:06 -04:00
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\versionchanged[Allowed \var{t} to be omitted]{2.1}
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2004-03-02 00:38:10 -04:00
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\versionchanged[\exception{ValueError} raised if a field in \var{t} is
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2006-01-22 15:38:05 -04:00
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out of range]{2.4}
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1996-07-30 15:32:04 -03:00
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1998-12-08 15:59:36 -04:00
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The following directives can be embedded in the \var{format} string.
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They are shown without the optional field width and precision
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specification, and are replaced by the indicated characters in the
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\function{strftime()} result:
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1996-12-13 18:09:52 -04:00
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2000-04-03 17:13:55 -03:00
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\begin{tableiii}{c|p{24em}|c}{code}{Directive}{Meaning}{Notes}
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\lineiii{\%a}{Locale's abbreviated weekday name.}{}
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\lineiii{\%A}{Locale's full weekday name.}{}
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\lineiii{\%b}{Locale's abbreviated month name.}{}
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\lineiii{\%B}{Locale's full month name.}{}
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\lineiii{\%c}{Locale's appropriate date and time representation.}{}
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\lineiii{\%d}{Day of the month as a decimal number [01,31].}{}
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\lineiii{\%H}{Hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number [00,23].}{}
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\lineiii{\%I}{Hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number [01,12].}{}
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\lineiii{\%j}{Day of the year as a decimal number [001,366].}{}
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\lineiii{\%m}{Month as a decimal number [01,12].}{}
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\lineiii{\%M}{Minute as a decimal number [00,59].}{}
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2004-05-10 15:53:00 -03:00
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\lineiii{\%p}{Locale's equivalent of either AM or PM.}{(1)}
|
|
|
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\lineiii{\%S}{Second as a decimal number [00,61].}{(2)}
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2000-04-03 17:13:55 -03:00
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|
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\lineiii{\%U}{Week number of the year (Sunday as the first day of the
|
|
|
|
week) as a decimal number [00,53]. All days in a new year
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2004-10-17 22:37:57 -03:00
|
|
|
preceding the first Sunday are considered to be in week 0.}{(3)}
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2000-04-03 17:13:55 -03:00
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|
\lineiii{\%w}{Weekday as a decimal number [0(Sunday),6].}{}
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|
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\lineiii{\%W}{Week number of the year (Monday as the first day of the
|
|
|
|
week) as a decimal number [00,53]. All days in a new year
|
2004-10-17 22:37:57 -03:00
|
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|
preceding the first Monday are considered to be in week 0.}{(3)}
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2000-04-03 17:13:55 -03:00
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\lineiii{\%x}{Locale's appropriate date representation.}{}
|
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\lineiii{\%X}{Locale's appropriate time representation.}{}
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\lineiii{\%y}{Year without century as a decimal number [00,99].}{}
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|
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\lineiii{\%Y}{Year with century as a decimal number.}{}
|
2002-12-31 00:41:38 -04:00
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\lineiii{\%Z}{Time zone name (no characters if no time zone exists).}{}
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2000-04-03 17:13:55 -03:00
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\lineiii{\%\%}{A literal \character{\%} character.}{}
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\end{tableiii}
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|
|
|
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|
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\noindent
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Notes:
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\begin{description}
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|
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\item[(1)]
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2004-05-10 15:53:00 -03:00
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When used with the \function{strptime()} function, the \code{\%p}
|
|
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directive only affects the output hour field if the \code{\%I} directive
|
|
|
|
is used to parse the hour.
|
|
|
|
\item[(2)]
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2000-04-03 17:13:55 -03:00
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|
The range really is \code{0} to \code{61}; this accounts for leap
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|
|
|
seconds and the (very rare) double leap seconds.
|
2004-10-17 22:37:57 -03:00
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|
|
\item[(3)]
|
2004-10-17 22:53:15 -03:00
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|
|
When used with the \function{strptime()} function, \code{\%U} and \code{\%W}
|
|
|
|
are only used in calculations when the day of the week and the year are
|
|
|
|
specified.
|
2000-04-03 17:13:55 -03:00
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|
|
\end{description}
|
1996-12-13 18:09:52 -04:00
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|
|
|
2001-01-27 20:56:54 -04:00
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|
Here is an example, a format for dates compatible with that specified
|
2001-06-29 12:39:53 -03:00
|
|
|
in the \rfc{2822} Internet email standard.
|
|
|
|
\footnote{The use of \code{\%Z} is now
|
|
|
|
deprecated, but the \code{\%z} escape that expands to the preferred
|
2001-01-27 20:56:54 -04:00
|
|
|
hour/minute offset is not supported by all ANSI C libraries. Also,
|
|
|
|
a strict reading of the original 1982 \rfc{822} standard calls for
|
|
|
|
a two-digit year (\%y rather than \%Y), but practice moved to
|
2001-06-29 12:39:53 -03:00
|
|
|
4-digit years long before the year 2000. The 4-digit year has
|
|
|
|
been mandated by \rfc{2822}, which obsoletes \rfc{822}.}
|
2001-01-27 20:56:54 -04:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\begin{verbatim}
|
2001-06-29 12:39:53 -03:00
|
|
|
>>> from time import gmtime, strftime
|
|
|
|
>>> strftime("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S +0000", gmtime())
|
|
|
|
'Thu, 28 Jun 2001 14:17:15 +0000'
|
2001-01-27 20:56:54 -04:00
|
|
|
\end{verbatim}
|
|
|
|
|
1996-12-13 18:09:52 -04:00
|
|
|
Additional directives may be supported on certain platforms, but
|
1999-05-26 13:15:17 -03:00
|
|
|
only the ones listed here have a meaning standardized by ANSI C.
|
1996-12-13 18:09:52 -04:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
On some platforms, an optional field width and precision
|
1998-12-08 15:59:36 -04:00
|
|
|
specification can immediately follow the initial \character{\%} of a
|
1996-12-13 18:09:52 -04:00
|
|
|
directive in the following order; this is also not portable.
|
1998-04-03 02:12:21 -04:00
|
|
|
The field width is normally 2 except for \code{\%j} where it is 3.
|
1995-09-13 14:37:49 -03:00
|
|
|
\end{funcdesc}
|
|
|
|
|
1998-06-09 13:30:56 -03:00
|
|
|
\begin{funcdesc}{strptime}{string\optional{, format}}
|
|
|
|
Parse a string representing a time according to a format. The return
|
2003-02-04 11:12:06 -04:00
|
|
|
value is a \class{struct_time} as returned by \function{gmtime()} or
|
1998-12-08 15:59:36 -04:00
|
|
|
\function{localtime()}. The \var{format} parameter uses the same
|
|
|
|
directives as those used by \function{strftime()}; it defaults to
|
|
|
|
\code{"\%a \%b \%d \%H:\%M:\%S \%Y"} which matches the formatting
|
2003-07-01 02:16:08 -03:00
|
|
|
returned by \function{ctime()}. If \var{string} cannot be parsed
|
|
|
|
according to \var{format}, \exception{ValueError} is raised. If the
|
|
|
|
string to be parsed has excess data after parsing,
|
|
|
|
\exception{ValueError} is raised. The default values used to fill in
|
Partially merge trunk into p3yk. The removal of Mac/Tools is confusing svn
merge in bad ways, so I'll have to merge that extra-carefully (probably manually.)
Merged revisions 46495-46605 via svnmerge from
svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/trunk
........
r46495 | tim.peters | 2006-05-28 03:52:38 +0200 (Sun, 28 May 2006) | 2 lines
Added missing svn:eol-style property to text files.
........
r46497 | tim.peters | 2006-05-28 12:41:29 +0200 (Sun, 28 May 2006) | 3 lines
PyErr_Display(), PyErr_WriteUnraisable(): Coverity found a cut-and-paste
bug in both: `className` was referenced before being checked for NULL.
........
r46499 | fredrik.lundh | 2006-05-28 14:06:46 +0200 (Sun, 28 May 2006) | 5 lines
needforspeed: added Py_MEMCPY macro (currently tuned for Visual C only),
and use it for string copy operations. this gives a 20% speedup on some
string benchmarks.
........
r46501 | michael.hudson | 2006-05-28 17:51:40 +0200 (Sun, 28 May 2006) | 26 lines
Quality control, meet exceptions.c.
Fix a number of problems with the need for speed code:
One is doing this sort of thing:
Py_DECREF(self->field);
self->field = newval;
Py_INCREF(self->field);
without being very sure that self->field doesn't start with a
value that has a __del__, because that almost certainly can lead
to segfaults.
As self->args is constrained to be an exact tuple we may as well
exploit this fact consistently. This leads to quite a lot of
simplification (and, hey, probably better performance).
Add some error checking in places lacking it.
Fix some rather strange indentation in the Unicode code.
Delete some trailing whitespace.
More to come, I haven't fixed all the reference leaks yet...
........
r46502 | george.yoshida | 2006-05-28 18:39:09 +0200 (Sun, 28 May 2006) | 3 lines
Patch #1080727: add "encoding" parameter to doctest.DocFileSuite
Contributed by Bjorn Tillenius.
........
r46503 | martin.v.loewis | 2006-05-28 18:57:38 +0200 (Sun, 28 May 2006) | 4 lines
Rest of patch #1490384: Commit icon source, remove
claim that Erik von Blokland is the author of the
installer picture.
........
r46504 | michael.hudson | 2006-05-28 19:40:29 +0200 (Sun, 28 May 2006) | 16 lines
Quality control, meet exceptions.c, round two.
Make some functions that should have been static static.
Fix a bunch of refleaks by fixing the definition of
MiddlingExtendsException.
Remove all the __new__ implementations apart from
BaseException_new. Rewrite most code that needs it to cope with
NULL fields (such code could get excercised anyway, the
__new__-removal just makes it more likely). This involved
editing the code for WindowsError, which I can't test.
This fixes all the refleaks in at least the start of a regrtest
-R :: run.
........
r46505 | marc-andre.lemburg | 2006-05-28 19:46:58 +0200 (Sun, 28 May 2006) | 10 lines
Initial version of systimes - a module to provide platform dependent
performance measurements.
The module is currently just a proof-of-concept implementation, but
will integrated into pybench once it is stable enough.
License: pybench license.
Author: Marc-Andre Lemburg.
........
r46507 | armin.rigo | 2006-05-28 21:13:17 +0200 (Sun, 28 May 2006) | 15 lines
("Forward-port" of r46506)
Remove various dependencies on dictionary order in the standard library
tests, and one (clearly an oversight, potentially critical) in the
standard library itself - base64.py.
Remaining open issues:
* test_extcall is an output test, messy to make robust
* tarfile.py has a potential bug here, but I'm not familiar
enough with this code. Filed in as SF bug #1496501.
* urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgr() returns a random result if there is more
than one matching root path. I'm asking python-dev for
clarification...
........
r46508 | georg.brandl | 2006-05-28 22:11:45 +0200 (Sun, 28 May 2006) | 4 lines
The empty string is a valid import path.
(fixes #1496539)
........
r46509 | georg.brandl | 2006-05-28 22:23:12 +0200 (Sun, 28 May 2006) | 3 lines
Patch #1496206: urllib2 PasswordMgr ./. default ports
........
r46510 | georg.brandl | 2006-05-28 22:57:09 +0200 (Sun, 28 May 2006) | 3 lines
Fix refleaks in UnicodeError get and set methods.
........
r46511 | michael.hudson | 2006-05-28 23:19:03 +0200 (Sun, 28 May 2006) | 3 lines
use the UnicodeError traversal and clearing functions in UnicodeError
subclasses.
........
r46512 | thomas.wouters | 2006-05-28 23:32:12 +0200 (Sun, 28 May 2006) | 4 lines
Make last patch valid C89 so Windows compilers can deal with it.
........
r46513 | georg.brandl | 2006-05-28 23:42:54 +0200 (Sun, 28 May 2006) | 3 lines
Fix ref-antileak in _struct.c which eventually lead to deallocating None.
........
r46514 | georg.brandl | 2006-05-28 23:57:35 +0200 (Sun, 28 May 2006) | 4 lines
Correct None refcount issue in Mac modules. (Are they
still used?)
........
r46515 | armin.rigo | 2006-05-29 00:07:08 +0200 (Mon, 29 May 2006) | 3 lines
A clearer error message when passing -R to regrtest.py with
release builds of Python.
........
r46516 | georg.brandl | 2006-05-29 00:14:04 +0200 (Mon, 29 May 2006) | 3 lines
Fix C function calling conventions in _sre module.
........
r46517 | georg.brandl | 2006-05-29 00:34:51 +0200 (Mon, 29 May 2006) | 3 lines
Convert audioop over to METH_VARARGS.
........
r46518 | georg.brandl | 2006-05-29 00:38:57 +0200 (Mon, 29 May 2006) | 3 lines
METH_NOARGS functions do get called with two args.
........
r46519 | georg.brandl | 2006-05-29 11:46:51 +0200 (Mon, 29 May 2006) | 4 lines
Fix refleak in socketmodule. Replace bogus Py_BuildValue calls.
Fix refleak in exceptions.
........
r46520 | nick.coghlan | 2006-05-29 14:43:05 +0200 (Mon, 29 May 2006) | 7 lines
Apply modified version of Collin Winter's patch #1478788
Renames functional extension module to _functools and adds a Python
functools module so that utility functions like update_wrapper can be
added easily.
........
r46522 | georg.brandl | 2006-05-29 15:53:16 +0200 (Mon, 29 May 2006) | 3 lines
Convert fmmodule to METH_VARARGS.
........
r46523 | georg.brandl | 2006-05-29 16:13:21 +0200 (Mon, 29 May 2006) | 3 lines
Fix #1494605.
........
r46524 | georg.brandl | 2006-05-29 16:28:05 +0200 (Mon, 29 May 2006) | 3 lines
Handle PyMem_Malloc failure in pystrtod.c. Closes #1494671.
........
r46525 | georg.brandl | 2006-05-29 16:33:55 +0200 (Mon, 29 May 2006) | 3 lines
Fix compiler warning.
........
r46526 | georg.brandl | 2006-05-29 16:39:00 +0200 (Mon, 29 May 2006) | 3 lines
Fix #1494787 (pyclbr counts whitespace as superclass name)
........
r46527 | bob.ippolito | 2006-05-29 17:47:29 +0200 (Mon, 29 May 2006) | 1 line
simplify the struct code a bit (no functional changes)
........
r46528 | armin.rigo | 2006-05-29 19:59:47 +0200 (Mon, 29 May 2006) | 2 lines
Silence a warning.
........
r46529 | georg.brandl | 2006-05-29 21:39:45 +0200 (Mon, 29 May 2006) | 3 lines
Correct some value converting strangenesses.
........
r46530 | nick.coghlan | 2006-05-29 22:27:44 +0200 (Mon, 29 May 2006) | 1 line
When adding a module like functools, it helps to let SVN know about the file.
........
r46531 | georg.brandl | 2006-05-29 22:52:54 +0200 (Mon, 29 May 2006) | 4 lines
Patches #1497027 and #972322: try HTTP digest auth first,
and watch out for handler name collisions.
........
r46532 | georg.brandl | 2006-05-29 22:57:01 +0200 (Mon, 29 May 2006) | 3 lines
Add News entry for last commit.
........
r46533 | georg.brandl | 2006-05-29 23:04:52 +0200 (Mon, 29 May 2006) | 4 lines
Make use of METH_O and METH_NOARGS where possible.
Use Py_UnpackTuple instead of PyArg_ParseTuple where possible.
........
r46534 | georg.brandl | 2006-05-29 23:58:42 +0200 (Mon, 29 May 2006) | 3 lines
Convert more modules to METH_VARARGS.
........
r46535 | georg.brandl | 2006-05-30 00:00:30 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 3 lines
Whoops.
........
r46536 | fredrik.lundh | 2006-05-30 00:42:07 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 4 lines
fixed "abc".count("", 100) == -96 error (hopefully, nobody's relying on
the current behaviour ;-)
........
r46537 | bob.ippolito | 2006-05-30 00:55:48 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 1 line
struct: modulo math plus warning on all endian-explicit formats for compatibility with older struct usage (ugly)
........
r46539 | bob.ippolito | 2006-05-30 02:26:01 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 1 line
Add a length check to aifc to ensure it doesn't write a bogus file
........
r46540 | tim.peters | 2006-05-30 04:25:25 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 10 lines
deprecated_err(): Stop bizarre warning messages when the tests
are run in the order:
test_genexps (or any other doctest-based test)
test_struct
test_doctest
The `warnings` module needs an advertised way to save/restore
its internal filter list.
........
r46541 | tim.peters | 2006-05-30 04:26:46 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 2 lines
Whitespace normalization.
........
r46542 | tim.peters | 2006-05-30 04:30:30 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 2 lines
Set a binary svn:mime-type property on this UTF-8 encoded file.
........
r46543 | neal.norwitz | 2006-05-30 05:18:50 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 1 line
Simplify further by using AddStringConstant
........
r46544 | tim.peters | 2006-05-30 06:16:25 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 6 lines
Convert relevant dict internals to Py_ssize_t.
I don't have a box with nearly enough RAM, or an OS,
that could get close to tickling this, though (requires
a dict w/ at least 2**31 entries).
........
r46545 | neal.norwitz | 2006-05-30 06:19:21 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 1 line
Remove stray | in comment
........
r46546 | neal.norwitz | 2006-05-30 06:25:05 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 1 line
Use Py_SAFE_DOWNCAST for safety. Fix format strings. Remove 2 more stray | in comment
........
r46547 | neal.norwitz | 2006-05-30 06:43:23 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 1 line
No DOWNCAST is required since sizeof(Py_ssize_t) >= sizeof(int) and Py_ReprEntr returns an int
........
r46548 | tim.peters | 2006-05-30 07:04:59 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 3 lines
dict_print(): Explicitly narrow the return value
from a (possibly) wider variable.
........
r46549 | tim.peters | 2006-05-30 07:23:59 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 5 lines
dict_print(): So that Neal & I don't spend the rest of
our lives taking turns rewriting code that works ;-),
get rid of casting illusions by declaring a new variable
with the obvious type.
........
r46550 | georg.brandl | 2006-05-30 09:04:55 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 3 lines
Restore exception pickle support. #1497319.
........
r46551 | georg.brandl | 2006-05-30 09:13:29 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 3 lines
Add a test case for exception pickling. args is never NULL.
........
r46552 | neal.norwitz | 2006-05-30 09:21:10 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 1 line
Don't fail if the (sub)pkgname already exist.
........
r46553 | georg.brandl | 2006-05-30 09:34:45 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 3 lines
Disallow keyword args for exceptions.
........
r46554 | neal.norwitz | 2006-05-30 09:36:54 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 5 lines
I'm impatient. I think this will fix a few more problems with the buildbots.
I'm not sure this is the best approach, but I can't think of anything better.
If this creates problems, feel free to revert, but I think it's safe and
should make things a little better.
........
r46555 | georg.brandl | 2006-05-30 10:17:00 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 4 lines
Do the check for no keyword arguments in __init__ so that
subclasses of Exception can be supplied keyword args
........
r46556 | georg.brandl | 2006-05-30 10:47:19 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 3 lines
Convert test_exceptions to unittest.
........
r46557 | andrew.kuchling | 2006-05-30 14:52:01 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 1 line
Add SoC name, and reorganize this section a bit
........
r46559 | tim.peters | 2006-05-30 17:53:34 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 11 lines
PyLong_FromString(): Continued fraction analysis (explained in
a new comment) suggests there are almost certainly large input
integers in all non-binary input bases for which one Python digit
too few is initally allocated to hold the final result. Instead
of assert-failing when that happens, allocate more space. Alas,
I estimate it would take a few days to find a specific such case,
so this isn't backed up by a new test (not to mention that such
a case may take hours to run, since conversion time is quadratic
in the number of digits, and preliminary attempts suggested that
the smallest such inputs contain at least a million digits).
........
r46560 | fredrik.lundh | 2006-05-30 19:11:48 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 3 lines
changed find/rfind to return -1 for matches outside the source string
........
r46561 | bob.ippolito | 2006-05-30 19:37:54 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 1 line
Change wrapping terminology to overflow masking
........
r46562 | fredrik.lundh | 2006-05-30 19:39:58 +0200 (Tue, 30 May 2006) | 3 lines
changed count to return 0 for slices outside the source string
........
r46568 | tim.peters | 2006-05-31 01:28:02 +0200 (Wed, 31 May 2006) | 2 lines
Whitespace normalization.
........
r46569 | brett.cannon | 2006-05-31 04:19:54 +0200 (Wed, 31 May 2006) | 5 lines
Clarify wording on default values for strptime(); defaults are used when better
values cannot be inferred.
Closes bug #1496315.
........
r46572 | neal.norwitz | 2006-05-31 09:43:27 +0200 (Wed, 31 May 2006) | 1 line
Calculate smallest properly (it was off by one) and use proper ssize_t types for Win64
........
r46573 | neal.norwitz | 2006-05-31 10:01:08 +0200 (Wed, 31 May 2006) | 1 line
Revert last checkin, it is better to do make distclean
........
r46574 | neal.norwitz | 2006-05-31 11:02:44 +0200 (Wed, 31 May 2006) | 3 lines
On 64-bit platforms running test_struct after test_tarfile would fail
since the deprecation warning wouldn't be raised.
........
r46575 | thomas.heller | 2006-05-31 13:37:58 +0200 (Wed, 31 May 2006) | 3 lines
PyTuple_Pack is not available in Python 2.3, but ctypes must stay
compatible with that.
........
r46576 | andrew.kuchling | 2006-05-31 15:18:56 +0200 (Wed, 31 May 2006) | 1 line
'functional' module was renamed to 'functools'
........
r46577 | kristjan.jonsson | 2006-05-31 15:35:41 +0200 (Wed, 31 May 2006) | 1 line
Fixup the PCBuild8 project directory. exceptions.c have moved to Objects, and the functionalmodule.c has been replaced with _functoolsmodule.c. Other minor changes to .vcproj files and .sln to fix compilation
........
r46578 | andrew.kuchling | 2006-05-31 16:08:48 +0200 (Wed, 31 May 2006) | 15 lines
[Bug #1473048]
SimpleXMLRPCServer and DocXMLRPCServer don't look at
the path of the HTTP request at all; you can POST or
GET from / or /RPC2 or /blahblahblah with the same results.
Security scanners that look for /cgi-bin/phf will therefore report
lots of vulnerabilities.
Fix: add a .rpc_paths attribute to the SimpleXMLRPCServer class,
and report a 404 error if the path isn't on the allowed list.
Possibly-controversial aspect of this change: the default makes only
'/' and '/RPC2' legal. Maybe this will break people's applications
(though I doubt it). We could just set the default to an empty tuple,
which would exactly match the current behaviour.
........
r46579 | andrew.kuchling | 2006-05-31 16:12:47 +0200 (Wed, 31 May 2006) | 1 line
Mention SimpleXMLRPCServer change
........
r46580 | tim.peters | 2006-05-31 16:28:07 +0200 (Wed, 31 May 2006) | 2 lines
Trimmed trailing whitespace.
........
r46581 | tim.peters | 2006-05-31 17:33:22 +0200 (Wed, 31 May 2006) | 4 lines
_range_error(): Speed and simplify (there's no real need for
loops here). Assert that size_t is actually big enough, and
that f->size is at least one. Wrap a long line.
........
r46582 | tim.peters | 2006-05-31 17:34:37 +0200 (Wed, 31 May 2006) | 2 lines
Repaired error in new comment.
........
r46584 | neal.norwitz | 2006-06-01 07:32:49 +0200 (Thu, 01 Jun 2006) | 4 lines
Remove ; at end of macro. There was a compiler recently that warned
about extra semi-colons. It may have been the HP C compiler.
This file will trigger a bunch of those warnings now.
........
r46585 | georg.brandl | 2006-06-01 08:39:19 +0200 (Thu, 01 Jun 2006) | 3 lines
Correctly unpickle 2.4 exceptions via __setstate__ (patch #1498571)
........
r46586 | georg.brandl | 2006-06-01 10:27:32 +0200 (Thu, 01 Jun 2006) | 3 lines
Correctly allocate complex types with tp_alloc. (bug #1498638)
........
r46587 | georg.brandl | 2006-06-01 14:30:46 +0200 (Thu, 01 Jun 2006) | 2 lines
Correctly dispatch Faults in loads (patch #1498627)
........
r46588 | georg.brandl | 2006-06-01 15:00:49 +0200 (Thu, 01 Jun 2006) | 3 lines
Some code style tweaks, and remove apply.
........
r46589 | armin.rigo | 2006-06-01 15:19:12 +0200 (Thu, 01 Jun 2006) | 5 lines
[ 1497053 ] Let dicts propagate the exceptions in user __eq__().
[ 1456209 ] dictresize() vulnerability ( <- backport candidate ).
........
r46590 | tim.peters | 2006-06-01 15:41:46 +0200 (Thu, 01 Jun 2006) | 2 lines
Whitespace normalization.
........
r46591 | tim.peters | 2006-06-01 15:49:23 +0200 (Thu, 01 Jun 2006) | 2 lines
Record bugs 1275608 and 1456209 as being fixed.
........
r46592 | tim.peters | 2006-06-01 15:56:26 +0200 (Thu, 01 Jun 2006) | 5 lines
Re-enable a new empty-string test added during the NFS sprint,
but disabled then because str and unicode strings gave different
results. The implementations were repaired later during the
sprint, but the new test remained disabled.
........
r46594 | tim.peters | 2006-06-01 17:50:44 +0200 (Thu, 01 Jun 2006) | 7 lines
Armin committed his patch while I was reviewing it (I'm sure
he didn't know this), so merged in some changes I made during
review. Nothing material apart from changing a new `mask` local
from int to Py_ssize_t. Mostly this is repairing comments that
were made incorrect, and adding new comments. Also a few
minor code rewrites for clarity or helpful succinctness.
........
r46599 | neal.norwitz | 2006-06-02 06:45:53 +0200 (Fri, 02 Jun 2006) | 1 line
Convert docstrings to comments so regrtest -v prints method names
........
r46600 | neal.norwitz | 2006-06-02 06:50:49 +0200 (Fri, 02 Jun 2006) | 2 lines
Fix memory leak found by valgrind.
........
r46601 | neal.norwitz | 2006-06-02 06:54:52 +0200 (Fri, 02 Jun 2006) | 1 line
More memory leaks from valgrind
........
r46602 | neal.norwitz | 2006-06-02 08:23:00 +0200 (Fri, 02 Jun 2006) | 11 lines
Patch #1357836:
Prevent an invalid memory read from test_coding in case the done flag is set.
In that case, the loop isn't entered. I wonder if rather than setting
the done flag in the cases before the loop, if they should just exit early.
This code looks like it should be refactored.
Backport candidate (also the early break above if decoding_fgets fails)
........
r46603 | martin.blais | 2006-06-02 15:03:43 +0200 (Fri, 02 Jun 2006) | 1 line
Fixed struct test to not use unittest.
........
r46605 | tim.peters | 2006-06-03 01:22:51 +0200 (Sat, 03 Jun 2006) | 10 lines
pprint functions used to sort a dict (by key) if and only if
the output required more than one line. "Small" dicts got
displayed in seemingly random order (the hash-induced order
produced by dict.__repr__). None of this was documented.
Now pprint functions always sort dicts by key, and the docs
promise it.
This was proposed and agreed to during the PyCon 2006 core
sprint -- I just didn't have time for it before now.
........
2006-06-08 11:42:34 -03:00
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any missing data when more accurate values cannot be inferred are
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\code{(1900, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, -1)} .
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Support for the \code{\%Z} directive is based on the values contained in
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\code{tzname} and whether \code{daylight} is true. Because of this,
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2003-07-01 04:19:17 -03:00
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it is platform-specific except for recognizing UTC and GMT which are
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always known (and are considered to be non-daylight savings
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timezones).
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\end{funcdesc}
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1998-06-09 13:30:56 -03:00
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2002-11-13 15:05:01 -04:00
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\begin{datadesc}{struct_time}
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The type of the time value sequence returned by \function{gmtime()},
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\function{localtime()}, and \function{strptime()}.
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\versionadded{2.2}
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\end{datadesc}
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1994-01-01 21:22:07 -04:00
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\begin{funcdesc}{time}{}
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Return the time as a floating point number expressed in seconds since
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the epoch, in UTC. Note that even though the time is always returned
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as a floating point number, not all systems provide time with a better
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precision than 1 second. While this function normally returns
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non-decreasing values, it can return a lower value than a previous
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call if the system clock has been set back between the two calls.
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\end{funcdesc}
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\begin{datadesc}{timezone}
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The offset of the local (non-DST) timezone, in seconds west of UTC
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(negative in most of Western Europe, positive in the US, zero in the
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UK).
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\end{datadesc}
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\begin{datadesc}{tzname}
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A tuple of two strings: the first is the name of the local non-DST
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timezone, the second is the name of the local DST timezone. If no DST
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timezone is defined, the second string should not be used.
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\end{datadesc}
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2003-06-08 10:57:19 -03:00
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\begin{funcdesc}{tzset}{}
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Resets the time conversion rules used by the library routines.
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The environment variable \envvar{TZ} specifies how this is done.
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\versionadded{2.3}
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Availability: \UNIX.
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\begin{notice}
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Although in many cases, changing the \envvar{TZ} environment variable
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may affect the output of functions like \function{localtime} without calling
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\function{tzset}, this behavior should not be relied on.
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The \envvar{TZ} environment variable should contain no whitespace.
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\end{notice}
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The standard format of the \envvar{TZ} environment variable is:
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(whitespace added for clarity)
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\begin{itemize}
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\item[std offset [dst [offset] [,start[/time], end[/time]]]]
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\end{itemize}
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Where:
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\begin{itemize}
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\item[std and dst]
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Three or more alphanumerics giving the timezone abbreviations.
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These will be propagated into time.tzname
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\item[offset]
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The offset has the form: \plusminus{} hh[:mm[:ss]].
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This indicates the value added the local time to arrive at UTC.
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If preceded by a '-', the timezone is east of the Prime
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Meridian; otherwise, it is west. If no offset follows
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dst, summer time is assumed to be one hour ahead of standard time.
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\item[start[/time],end[/time]]
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Indicates when to change to and back from DST. The format of the
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start and end dates are one of the following:
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\begin{itemize}
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\item[J\var{n}]
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The Julian day \var{n} (1 <= \var{n} <= 365). Leap days are not
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counted, so in all years February 28 is day 59 and
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March 1 is day 60.
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\item[\var{n}]
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The zero-based Julian day (0 <= \var{n} <= 365). Leap days are
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counted, and it is possible to refer to February 29.
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\item[M\var{m}.\var{n}.\var{d}]
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The \var{d}'th day (0 <= \var{d} <= 6) or week \var{n}
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of month \var{m} of the year (1 <= \var{n} <= 5,
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1 <= \var{m} <= 12, where week 5 means "the last \var{d} day
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in month \var{m}" which may occur in either the fourth or
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the fifth week). Week 1 is the first week in which the
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\var{d}'th day occurs. Day zero is Sunday.
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\end{itemize}
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time has the same format as offset except that no leading sign ('-' or
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'+') is allowed. The default, if time is not given, is 02:00:00.
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\end{itemize}
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\begin{verbatim}
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>>> os.environ['TZ'] = 'EST+05EDT,M4.1.0,M10.5.0'
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>>> time.tzset()
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>>> time.strftime('%X %x %Z')
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'02:07:36 05/08/03 EDT'
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>>> os.environ['TZ'] = 'AEST-10AEDT-11,M10.5.0,M3.5.0'
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>>> time.tzset()
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>>> time.strftime('%X %x %Z')
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'16:08:12 05/08/03 AEST'
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\end{verbatim}
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On many Unix systems (including *BSD, Linux, Solaris, and Darwin), it
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is more convenient to use the system's zoneinfo (\manpage{tzfile}{5})
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database to specify the timezone rules. To do this, set the
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\envvar{TZ} environment variable to the path of the required timezone
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datafile, relative to the root of the systems 'zoneinfo' timezone database,
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usually located at \file{/usr/share/zoneinfo}. For example,
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\code{'US/Eastern'}, \code{'Australia/Melbourne'}, \code{'Egypt'} or
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\code{'Europe/Amsterdam'}.
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\begin{verbatim}
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>>> os.environ['TZ'] = 'US/Eastern'
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>>> time.tzset()
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>>> time.tzname
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('EST', 'EDT')
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>>> os.environ['TZ'] = 'Egypt'
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>>> time.tzset()
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>>> time.tzname
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('EET', 'EEST')
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\end{verbatim}
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\end{funcdesc}
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2000-04-03 17:13:55 -03:00
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\begin{seealso}
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\seemodule{datetime}{More object-oriented interface to dates and times.}
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\seemodule{locale}{Internationalization services. The locale
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settings can affect the return values for some of
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the functions in the \module{time} module.}
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\seemodule{calendar}{General calendar-related functions.
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\function{timegm()} is the inverse of
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\function{gmtime()} from this module.}
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\end{seealso}
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