cpython/Doc/library/platform.rst

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:mod:`platform` --- Access to underlying platform's identifying data
=====================================================================
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.. module:: platform
:synopsis: Retrieves as much platform identifying data as possible.
.. moduleauthor:: Marc-André Lemburg <mal@egenix.com>
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.. sectionauthor:: Bjorn Pettersen <bpettersen@corp.fairisaac.com>
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**Source code:** :source:`Lib/platform.py`
--------------
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.. note::
Specific platforms listed alphabetically, with Linux included in the Unix
section.
Cross Platform
--------------
.. function:: architecture(executable=sys.executable, bits='', linkage='')
Queries the given executable (defaults to the Python interpreter binary) for
various architecture information.
Returns a tuple ``(bits, linkage)`` which contain information about the bit
architecture and the linkage format used for the executable. Both values are
returned as strings.
Values that cannot be determined are returned as given by the parameter presets.
If bits is given as ``''``, the ``sizeof(pointer)`` (or
``sizeof(long)`` on Python version < 1.5.2) is used as indicator for the
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supported pointer size.
The function relies on the system's :file:`file` command to do the actual work.
This is available on most if not all Unix platforms and some non-Unix platforms
and then only if the executable points to the Python interpreter. Reasonable
defaults are used when the above needs are not met.
.. note::
On Mac OS X (and perhaps other platforms), executable files may be
universal files containing multiple architectures.
To get at the "64-bitness" of the current interpreter, it is more
reliable to query the :attr:`sys.maxsize` attribute::
is_64bits = sys.maxsize > 2**32
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.. function:: machine()
Returns the machine type, e.g. ``'i386'``. An empty string is returned if the
value cannot be determined.
.. function:: node()
Returns the computer's network name (may not be fully qualified!). An empty
string is returned if the value cannot be determined.
.. function:: platform(aliased=0, terse=0)
Returns a single string identifying the underlying platform with as much useful
information as possible.
The output is intended to be *human readable* rather than machine parseable. It
may look different on different platforms and this is intended.
If *aliased* is true, the function will use aliases for various platforms that
report system names which differ from their common names, for example SunOS will
be reported as Solaris. The :func:`system_alias` function is used to implement
this.
Setting *terse* to true causes the function to return only the absolute minimum
information needed to identify the platform.
.. function:: processor()
Returns the (real) processor name, e.g. ``'amdk6'``.
An empty string is returned if the value cannot be determined. Note that many
platforms do not provide this information or simply return the same value as for
:func:`machine`. NetBSD does this.
.. function:: python_build()
Returns a tuple ``(buildno, builddate)`` stating the Python build number and
date as strings.
.. function:: python_compiler()
Returns a string identifying the compiler used for compiling Python.
.. function:: python_branch()
Returns a string identifying the Python implementation SCM branch.
.. function:: python_implementation()
Returns a string identifying the Python implementation. Possible return values
are: 'CPython', 'IronPython', 'Jython', 'PyPy'.
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.. function:: python_revision()
Returns a string identifying the Python implementation SCM revision.
.. function:: python_version()
Returns the Python version as string ``'major.minor.patchlevel'``.
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Note that unlike the Python ``sys.version``, the returned value will always
include the patchlevel (it defaults to 0).
.. function:: python_version_tuple()
Returns the Python version as tuple ``(major, minor, patchlevel)`` of strings.
Note that unlike the Python ``sys.version``, the returned value will always
include the patchlevel (it defaults to ``'0'``).
.. function:: release()
Returns the system's release, e.g. ``'2.2.0'`` or ``'NT'`` An empty string is
returned if the value cannot be determined.
.. function:: system()
Returns the system/OS name, e.g. ``'Linux'``, ``'Windows'``, or ``'Java'``. An
empty string is returned if the value cannot be determined.
.. function:: system_alias(system, release, version)
Returns ``(system, release, version)`` aliased to common marketing names used
for some systems. It also does some reordering of the information in some cases
where it would otherwise cause confusion.
.. function:: version()
Returns the system's release version, e.g. ``'#3 on degas'``. An empty string is
returned if the value cannot be determined.
.. function:: uname()
Fairly portable uname interface. Returns a :func:`~collections.namedtuple`
containing six attributes: :attr:`system`, :attr:`node`, :attr:`release`,
:attr:`version`, :attr:`machine`, and :attr:`processor`.
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Note that this adds a sixth attribute (:attr:`processor`) not present
in the :func:`os.uname` result. Also, the attribute names are different
for the first two attributes; :func:`os.uname` names them
:attr:`sysname` and :attr:`nodename`.
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Entries which cannot be determined are set to ``''``.
.. versionchanged:: 3.3
Result changed from a tuple to a namedtuple.
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Java Platform
-------------
.. function:: java_ver(release='', vendor='', vminfo=('','',''), osinfo=('','',''))
Version interface for Jython.
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Returns a tuple ``(release, vendor, vminfo, osinfo)`` with *vminfo* being a
tuple ``(vm_name, vm_release, vm_vendor)`` and *osinfo* being a tuple
``(os_name, os_version, os_arch)``. Values which cannot be determined are set to
the defaults given as parameters (which all default to ``''``).
Windows Platform
----------------
.. function:: win32_ver(release='', version='', csd='', ptype='')
Get additional version information from the Windows Registry and return a tuple
``(release, version, csd, ptype)`` referring to OS release, version number,
CSD level (service pack) and OS type (multi/single processor).
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As a hint: *ptype* is ``'Uniprocessor Free'`` on single processor NT machines
and ``'Multiprocessor Free'`` on multi processor machines. The *'Free'* refers
to the OS version being free of debugging code. It could also state *'Checked'*
which means the OS version uses debugging code, i.e. code that checks arguments,
ranges, etc.
.. note::
This function works best with Mark Hammond's
Merged revisions 61672,61674,61676-61678,61681,61683-61684 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/trunk ........ r61672 | brett.cannon | 2008-03-20 17:13:48 +0100 (Do, 20 Mär 2008) | 2 lines Gave Jerry Seutter svn access for general Python development. ........ r61674 | marc-andre.lemburg | 2008-03-20 18:31:36 +0100 (Do, 20 Mär 2008) | 7 lines If Mark Hammonds win32 tools are not available, try to use the _winreg module and sys.getwindowsversion() to get at the Windows version info. For the machine and processor uname() values, use the environment variables for these on Windows XP and later. ........ r61676 | marc-andre.lemburg | 2008-03-20 18:55:31 +0100 (Do, 20 Mär 2008) | 5 lines Add documentation for updated Windows support in win32_ver(). Add documentation for linux_distribution() API. ........ r61677 | marc-andre.lemburg | 2008-03-20 19:08:00 +0100 (Do, 20 Mär 2008) | 2 lines Add news items for platform module changes. ........ r61678 | marc-andre.lemburg | 2008-03-20 19:58:14 +0100 (Do, 20 Mär 2008) | 3 lines Clarfiy the availability of the extended support for win32_ver() in Py2.6. ........ r61681 | andrew.kuchling | 2008-03-20 23:49:26 +0100 (Do, 20 Mär 2008) | 1 line Add lots of items ........ r61683 | eric.smith | 2008-03-21 00:04:04 +0100 (Fr, 21 Mär 2008) | 1 line Fixed PEP name. ........ r61684 | eric.smith | 2008-03-21 00:56:08 +0100 (Fr, 21 Mär 2008) | 1 line Comment how 'from __future__ import print_function' operates in 3.0. ........
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:mod:`win32all` package installed, but also on Python 2.3 and
later (support for this was added in Python 2.6). It obviously
only runs on Win32 compatible platforms.
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Win95/98 specific
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
.. function:: popen(cmd, mode='r', bufsize=-1)
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Portable :func:`popen` interface. Find a working popen implementation
preferring :func:`win32pipe.popen`. On Windows NT, :func:`win32pipe.popen`
should work; on Windows 9x it hangs due to bugs in the MS C library.
.. deprecated:: 3.3
This function is obsolete. Use the :mod:`subprocess` module. Check
especially the :ref:`subprocess-replacements` section.
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Mac OS Platform
---------------
.. function:: mac_ver(release='', versioninfo=('','',''), machine='')
Get Mac OS version information and return it as tuple ``(release, versioninfo,
machine)`` with *versioninfo* being a tuple ``(version, dev_stage,
non_release_version)``.
Entries which cannot be determined are set to ``''``. All tuple entries are
strings.
Unix Platforms
--------------
.. function:: libc_ver(executable=sys.executable, lib='', version='', chunksize=16384)
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Tries to determine the libc version against which the file executable (defaults
to the Python interpreter) is linked. Returns a tuple of strings ``(lib,
version)`` which default to the given parameters in case the lookup fails.
Note that this function has intimate knowledge of how different libc versions
Merged revisions 60481,60485,60489-60492,60494-60496,60498-60499,60501-60503,60505-60506,60508-60509,60523-60524,60532,60543,60545,60547-60548,60552,60554,60556-60559,60561-60562,60569,60571-60572,60574,60576-60583,60585-60586,60589,60591,60594-60595,60597-60598,60600-60601,60606-60612,60615,60617,60619-60621,60623-60625,60627-60629,60631,60633,60635,60647,60650,60652,60654,60656,60658-60659,60664-60666,60668-60670,60672,60676,60678,60680-60683,60685-60686,60688,60690,60692-60694,60697-60700,60705-60706,60708,60711,60714,60720,60724-60730,60732,60736,60742,60744,60746,60748,60750-60751,60753,60756-60757,60759-60761,60763-60764,60766,60769-60770,60774-60784,60787-60789,60793,60796,60799-60809,60812-60813,60815-60821,60823-60826,60828-60829,60831-60834,60836,60838-60839,60846-60849,60852-60854,60856-60859,60861-60870,60874-60875,60880-60881,60886,60888-60890,60892,60894-60898,60900-60931,60933-60958 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/trunk ........ r60901 | eric.smith | 2008-02-19 14:21:56 +0100 (Tue, 19 Feb 2008) | 1 line Added PEP 3101. ........ r60907 | georg.brandl | 2008-02-20 20:12:36 +0100 (Wed, 20 Feb 2008) | 2 lines Fixes contributed by Ori Avtalion. ........ r60909 | eric.smith | 2008-02-21 00:34:22 +0100 (Thu, 21 Feb 2008) | 1 line Trim leading zeros from a floating point exponent, per C99. See issue 1600. As far as I know, this only affects Windows. Add float type 'n' to PyOS_ascii_formatd (see PEP 3101 for 'n' description). ........ r60910 | eric.smith | 2008-02-21 00:39:28 +0100 (Thu, 21 Feb 2008) | 1 line Now that PyOS_ascii_formatd supports the 'n' format, simplify the float formatting code to just call it. ........ r60918 | andrew.kuchling | 2008-02-21 15:23:38 +0100 (Thu, 21 Feb 2008) | 2 lines Close manifest file. This change doesn't make any difference to CPython, but is a necessary fix for Jython. ........ r60921 | guido.van.rossum | 2008-02-21 18:46:16 +0100 (Thu, 21 Feb 2008) | 2 lines Remove news about float repr() -- issue 1580 is still in limbo. ........ r60923 | guido.van.rossum | 2008-02-21 19:18:37 +0100 (Thu, 21 Feb 2008) | 5 lines Removed uses of dict.has_key() from distutils, and uses of callable() from copy_reg.py, so the interpreter now starts up without warnings when '-3' is given. More work like this needs to be done in the rest of the stdlib. ........ r60924 | thomas.heller | 2008-02-21 19:28:48 +0100 (Thu, 21 Feb 2008) | 4 lines configure.ac: Remove the configure check for _Bool, it is already done in the top-level Python configure script. configure, fficonfig.h.in: regenerated. ........ r60925 | thomas.heller | 2008-02-21 19:52:20 +0100 (Thu, 21 Feb 2008) | 3 lines Replace 'has_key()' with 'in'. Replace 'raise Error, stuff' with 'raise Error(stuff)'. ........ r60927 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-02-21 20:24:53 +0100 (Thu, 21 Feb 2008) | 1 line Update more instances of has_key(). ........ r60928 | guido.van.rossum | 2008-02-21 20:46:35 +0100 (Thu, 21 Feb 2008) | 3 lines Fix a few typos and layout glitches (more work is needed). Move 2.5 news to Misc/HISTORY. ........ r60936 | georg.brandl | 2008-02-21 21:33:38 +0100 (Thu, 21 Feb 2008) | 2 lines #2079: typo in userdict docs. ........ r60938 | georg.brandl | 2008-02-21 21:38:13 +0100 (Thu, 21 Feb 2008) | 2 lines Part of #2154: minimal syntax fixes in doc example snippets. ........ r60942 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-02-22 04:16:42 +0100 (Fri, 22 Feb 2008) | 1 line First draft for itertools.product(). Docs and other updates forthcoming. ........ r60955 | nick.coghlan | 2008-02-22 11:54:06 +0100 (Fri, 22 Feb 2008) | 1 line Try to make command line error messages from runpy easier to understand (and suppress traceback cruft from the implicitly invoked runpy machinery) ........ r60956 | georg.brandl | 2008-02-22 13:31:45 +0100 (Fri, 22 Feb 2008) | 2 lines A lot more typo fixes by Ori Avtalion. ........ r60957 | georg.brandl | 2008-02-22 13:56:34 +0100 (Fri, 22 Feb 2008) | 2 lines Don't reference pyshell. ........ r60958 | georg.brandl | 2008-02-22 13:57:05 +0100 (Fri, 22 Feb 2008) | 2 lines Another fix. ........
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add symbols to the executable is probably only usable for executables compiled
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using :program:`gcc`.
The file is read and scanned in chunks of *chunksize* bytes.