cpython/Doc/library/base64.rst

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:mod:`base64` --- RFC 3548: Base16, Base32, Base64 Data Encodings
=================================================================
.. module:: base64
:synopsis: RFC 3548: Base16, Base32, Base64 Data Encodings
.. index::
pair: base64; encoding
single: MIME; base64 encoding
This module provides data encoding and decoding as specified in :rfc:`3548`.
This standard defines the Base16, Base32, and Base64 algorithms for encoding
and decoding arbitrary binary strings into ASCII-only byte strings that can be
safely sent by email, used as parts of URLs, or included as part of an HTTP
POST request. The encoding algorithm is not the same as the
:program:`uuencode` program.
There are two interfaces provided by this module. The modern interface
supports encoding and decoding ASCII byte string objects using all three
alphabets. The legacy interface provides for encoding and decoding to and from
file-like objects as well as byte strings, but only using the Base64 standard
alphabet.
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The modern interface provides:
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.. function:: b64encode(s, altchars=None)
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Encode a byte string using Base64.
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*s* is the string to encode. Optional *altchars* must be a string of at least
length 2 (additional characters are ignored) which specifies an alternative
alphabet for the ``+`` and ``/`` characters. This allows an application to e.g.
generate URL or filesystem safe Base64 strings. The default is ``None``, for
which the standard Base64 alphabet is used.
Merged revisions 83561,83563,83565-83566,83569,83571,83574-83575,83580,83584,83599,83612,83659,83977,84015-84018,84020,84141 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://svn.python.org/python/branches/py3k ........ r83561 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:17:50 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #4280: remove outdated "versionchecker" tool. ........ r83563 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:21:21 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9037: add example how to raise custom exceptions from C code. ........ r83565 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:27:20 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9111: document that do_help() looks at docstrings. ........ r83566 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:30:57 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9019: remove false (in 3k) claim about Headers updates. ........ r83569 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:39:35 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #7797: be explicit about bytes-oriented interface of base64 functions. ........ r83571 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:44:34 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line Clarify that abs() is not a namespace. ........ r83574 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:47:56 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #6867: epoll.register() returns None. ........ r83575 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:52:10 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9238: zipfile does handle archive comments. ........ r83580 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:02:36 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #8119: fix copy-paste error. ........ r83584 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:07:14 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9457: fix documentation links for 3.2. ........ r83599 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:51:18 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9061: warn that single quotes are never escaped. ........ r83612 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 00:59:44 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix unicode literal. ........ r83659 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 14:06:29 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Terminology fix: exceptions are raised, except in generator.throw(). ........ r83977 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-13 17:10:49 +0200 (Fr, 13 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix copy-paste error. ........ r84015 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:44:34 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Add some maintainers. ........ r84016 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:15 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Wording fix. ........ r84017 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:59 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84018 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:48:49 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84020 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:57:20 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix format. ........ r84141 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-17 16:11:59 +0200 (Di, 17 Aug 2010) | 1 line Markup nits. ........
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The encoded byte string is returned.
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.. function:: b64decode(s, altchars=None)
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Merged revisions 83561,83563,83565-83566,83569,83571,83574-83575,83580,83584,83599,83612,83659,83977,84015-84018,84020,84141 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://svn.python.org/python/branches/py3k ........ r83561 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:17:50 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #4280: remove outdated "versionchecker" tool. ........ r83563 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:21:21 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9037: add example how to raise custom exceptions from C code. ........ r83565 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:27:20 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9111: document that do_help() looks at docstrings. ........ r83566 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:30:57 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9019: remove false (in 3k) claim about Headers updates. ........ r83569 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:39:35 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #7797: be explicit about bytes-oriented interface of base64 functions. ........ r83571 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:44:34 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line Clarify that abs() is not a namespace. ........ r83574 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:47:56 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #6867: epoll.register() returns None. ........ r83575 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:52:10 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9238: zipfile does handle archive comments. ........ r83580 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:02:36 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #8119: fix copy-paste error. ........ r83584 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:07:14 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9457: fix documentation links for 3.2. ........ r83599 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:51:18 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9061: warn that single quotes are never escaped. ........ r83612 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 00:59:44 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix unicode literal. ........ r83659 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 14:06:29 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Terminology fix: exceptions are raised, except in generator.throw(). ........ r83977 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-13 17:10:49 +0200 (Fr, 13 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix copy-paste error. ........ r84015 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:44:34 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Add some maintainers. ........ r84016 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:15 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Wording fix. ........ r84017 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:59 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84018 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:48:49 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84020 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:57:20 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix format. ........ r84141 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-17 16:11:59 +0200 (Di, 17 Aug 2010) | 1 line Markup nits. ........
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Decode a Base64 encoded byte string.
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*s* is the byte string to decode. Optional *altchars* must be a string of
at least length 2 (additional characters are ignored) which specifies the
alternative alphabet used instead of the ``+`` and ``/`` characters.
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Merged revisions 83561,83563,83565-83566,83569,83571,83574-83575,83580,83584,83599,83612,83659,83977,84015-84018,84020,84141 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://svn.python.org/python/branches/py3k ........ r83561 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:17:50 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #4280: remove outdated "versionchecker" tool. ........ r83563 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:21:21 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9037: add example how to raise custom exceptions from C code. ........ r83565 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:27:20 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9111: document that do_help() looks at docstrings. ........ r83566 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:30:57 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9019: remove false (in 3k) claim about Headers updates. ........ r83569 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:39:35 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #7797: be explicit about bytes-oriented interface of base64 functions. ........ r83571 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:44:34 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line Clarify that abs() is not a namespace. ........ r83574 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:47:56 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #6867: epoll.register() returns None. ........ r83575 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:52:10 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9238: zipfile does handle archive comments. ........ r83580 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:02:36 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #8119: fix copy-paste error. ........ r83584 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:07:14 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9457: fix documentation links for 3.2. ........ r83599 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:51:18 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9061: warn that single quotes are never escaped. ........ r83612 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 00:59:44 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix unicode literal. ........ r83659 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 14:06:29 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Terminology fix: exceptions are raised, except in generator.throw(). ........ r83977 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-13 17:10:49 +0200 (Fr, 13 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix copy-paste error. ........ r84015 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:44:34 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Add some maintainers. ........ r84016 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:15 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Wording fix. ........ r84017 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:59 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84018 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:48:49 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84020 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:57:20 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix format. ........ r84141 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-17 16:11:59 +0200 (Di, 17 Aug 2010) | 1 line Markup nits. ........
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The decoded byte string is returned. A :exc:`TypeError` is raised if *s* were
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incorrectly padded or if there are non-alphabet characters present in the
string.
.. function:: standard_b64encode(s)
Merged revisions 83561,83563,83565-83566,83569,83571,83574-83575,83580,83584,83599,83612,83659,83977,84015-84018,84020,84141 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://svn.python.org/python/branches/py3k ........ r83561 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:17:50 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #4280: remove outdated "versionchecker" tool. ........ r83563 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:21:21 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9037: add example how to raise custom exceptions from C code. ........ r83565 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:27:20 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9111: document that do_help() looks at docstrings. ........ r83566 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:30:57 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9019: remove false (in 3k) claim about Headers updates. ........ r83569 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:39:35 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #7797: be explicit about bytes-oriented interface of base64 functions. ........ r83571 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:44:34 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line Clarify that abs() is not a namespace. ........ r83574 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:47:56 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #6867: epoll.register() returns None. ........ r83575 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:52:10 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9238: zipfile does handle archive comments. ........ r83580 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:02:36 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #8119: fix copy-paste error. ........ r83584 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:07:14 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9457: fix documentation links for 3.2. ........ r83599 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:51:18 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9061: warn that single quotes are never escaped. ........ r83612 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 00:59:44 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix unicode literal. ........ r83659 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 14:06:29 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Terminology fix: exceptions are raised, except in generator.throw(). ........ r83977 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-13 17:10:49 +0200 (Fr, 13 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix copy-paste error. ........ r84015 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:44:34 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Add some maintainers. ........ r84016 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:15 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Wording fix. ........ r84017 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:59 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84018 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:48:49 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84020 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:57:20 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix format. ........ r84141 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-17 16:11:59 +0200 (Di, 17 Aug 2010) | 1 line Markup nits. ........
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Encode byte string *s* using the standard Base64 alphabet.
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.. function:: standard_b64decode(s)
Merged revisions 83561,83563,83565-83566,83569,83571,83574-83575,83580,83584,83599,83612,83659,83977,84015-84018,84020,84141 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://svn.python.org/python/branches/py3k ........ r83561 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:17:50 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #4280: remove outdated "versionchecker" tool. ........ r83563 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:21:21 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9037: add example how to raise custom exceptions from C code. ........ r83565 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:27:20 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9111: document that do_help() looks at docstrings. ........ r83566 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:30:57 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9019: remove false (in 3k) claim about Headers updates. ........ r83569 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:39:35 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #7797: be explicit about bytes-oriented interface of base64 functions. ........ r83571 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:44:34 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line Clarify that abs() is not a namespace. ........ r83574 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:47:56 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #6867: epoll.register() returns None. ........ r83575 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:52:10 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9238: zipfile does handle archive comments. ........ r83580 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:02:36 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #8119: fix copy-paste error. ........ r83584 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:07:14 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9457: fix documentation links for 3.2. ........ r83599 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:51:18 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9061: warn that single quotes are never escaped. ........ r83612 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 00:59:44 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix unicode literal. ........ r83659 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 14:06:29 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Terminology fix: exceptions are raised, except in generator.throw(). ........ r83977 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-13 17:10:49 +0200 (Fr, 13 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix copy-paste error. ........ r84015 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:44:34 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Add some maintainers. ........ r84016 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:15 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Wording fix. ........ r84017 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:59 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84018 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:48:49 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84020 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:57:20 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix format. ........ r84141 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-17 16:11:59 +0200 (Di, 17 Aug 2010) | 1 line Markup nits. ........
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Decode byte string *s* using the standard Base64 alphabet.
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.. function:: urlsafe_b64encode(s)
Merged revisions 83561,83563,83565-83566,83569,83571,83574-83575,83580,83584,83599,83612,83659,83977,84015-84018,84020,84141 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://svn.python.org/python/branches/py3k ........ r83561 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:17:50 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #4280: remove outdated "versionchecker" tool. ........ r83563 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:21:21 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9037: add example how to raise custom exceptions from C code. ........ r83565 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:27:20 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9111: document that do_help() looks at docstrings. ........ r83566 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:30:57 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9019: remove false (in 3k) claim about Headers updates. ........ r83569 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:39:35 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #7797: be explicit about bytes-oriented interface of base64 functions. ........ r83571 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:44:34 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line Clarify that abs() is not a namespace. ........ r83574 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:47:56 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #6867: epoll.register() returns None. ........ r83575 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:52:10 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9238: zipfile does handle archive comments. ........ r83580 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:02:36 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #8119: fix copy-paste error. ........ r83584 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:07:14 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9457: fix documentation links for 3.2. ........ r83599 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:51:18 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9061: warn that single quotes are never escaped. ........ r83612 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 00:59:44 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix unicode literal. ........ r83659 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 14:06:29 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Terminology fix: exceptions are raised, except in generator.throw(). ........ r83977 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-13 17:10:49 +0200 (Fr, 13 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix copy-paste error. ........ r84015 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:44:34 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Add some maintainers. ........ r84016 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:15 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Wording fix. ........ r84017 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:59 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84018 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:48:49 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84020 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:57:20 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix format. ........ r84141 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-17 16:11:59 +0200 (Di, 17 Aug 2010) | 1 line Markup nits. ........
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Encode byte string *s* using a URL-safe alphabet, which substitutes ``-`` instead of
Merged revisions 69576,69579-69580,69589,69619-69620,69633,69703-69704,69728-69730 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/trunk ........ r69576 | georg.brandl | 2009-02-13 04:56:50 -0600 (Fri, 13 Feb 2009) | 1 line #1661108: note that urlsafe encoded string can contain "=". ........ r69579 | georg.brandl | 2009-02-13 05:06:59 -0600 (Fri, 13 Feb 2009) | 2 lines Fix warnings GCC emits where the argument of PyErr_Format is a single variable. ........ r69580 | georg.brandl | 2009-02-13 05:10:04 -0600 (Fri, 13 Feb 2009) | 2 lines Fix warnings GCC emits where the argument of PyErr_Format is a single variable. ........ r69589 | martin.v.loewis | 2009-02-13 14:11:34 -0600 (Fri, 13 Feb 2009) | 2 lines Move amd64 properties further to the top, so that they override the linker options correctly. ........ r69619 | benjamin.peterson | 2009-02-14 11:00:51 -0600 (Sat, 14 Feb 2009) | 1 line this needn't be a shebang line ........ r69620 | georg.brandl | 2009-02-14 11:01:36 -0600 (Sat, 14 Feb 2009) | 1 line #5179: don't leak PIPE fds when child execution fails. ........ r69633 | hirokazu.yamamoto | 2009-02-15 03:19:48 -0600 (Sun, 15 Feb 2009) | 1 line Fixed typo. ........ r69703 | raymond.hettinger | 2009-02-16 16:42:54 -0600 (Mon, 16 Feb 2009) | 3 lines Issue 5229: Documentation for super() neglects to say what super() actually does ........ r69704 | raymond.hettinger | 2009-02-16 17:00:25 -0600 (Mon, 16 Feb 2009) | 1 line Add explanation for super(type1, type2). ........ r69728 | georg.brandl | 2009-02-17 18:22:55 -0600 (Tue, 17 Feb 2009) | 2 lines #5297: fix example. ........ r69729 | georg.brandl | 2009-02-17 18:25:13 -0600 (Tue, 17 Feb 2009) | 2 lines #5296: sequence -> iterable. ........ r69730 | georg.brandl | 2009-02-17 18:31:36 -0600 (Tue, 17 Feb 2009) | 2 lines #5268: mention VMSError. ........
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``+`` and ``_`` instead of ``/`` in the standard Base64 alphabet. The result
can still contain ``=``.
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.. function:: urlsafe_b64decode(s)
Merged revisions 83561,83563,83565-83566,83569,83571,83574-83575,83580,83584,83599,83612,83659,83977,84015-84018,84020,84141 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://svn.python.org/python/branches/py3k ........ r83561 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:17:50 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #4280: remove outdated "versionchecker" tool. ........ r83563 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:21:21 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9037: add example how to raise custom exceptions from C code. ........ r83565 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:27:20 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9111: document that do_help() looks at docstrings. ........ r83566 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:30:57 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9019: remove false (in 3k) claim about Headers updates. ........ r83569 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:39:35 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #7797: be explicit about bytes-oriented interface of base64 functions. ........ r83571 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:44:34 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line Clarify that abs() is not a namespace. ........ r83574 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:47:56 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #6867: epoll.register() returns None. ........ r83575 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:52:10 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9238: zipfile does handle archive comments. ........ r83580 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:02:36 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #8119: fix copy-paste error. ........ r83584 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:07:14 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9457: fix documentation links for 3.2. ........ r83599 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:51:18 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9061: warn that single quotes are never escaped. ........ r83612 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 00:59:44 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix unicode literal. ........ r83659 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 14:06:29 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Terminology fix: exceptions are raised, except in generator.throw(). ........ r83977 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-13 17:10:49 +0200 (Fr, 13 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix copy-paste error. ........ r84015 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:44:34 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Add some maintainers. ........ r84016 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:15 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Wording fix. ........ r84017 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:59 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84018 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:48:49 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84020 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:57:20 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix format. ........ r84141 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-17 16:11:59 +0200 (Di, 17 Aug 2010) | 1 line Markup nits. ........
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Decode byte string *s* using a URL-safe alphabet, which substitutes ``-`` instead of
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``+`` and ``_`` instead of ``/`` in the standard Base64 alphabet.
.. function:: b32encode(s)
Merged revisions 83561,83563,83565-83566,83569,83571,83574-83575,83580,83584,83599,83612,83659,83977,84015-84018,84020,84141 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://svn.python.org/python/branches/py3k ........ r83561 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:17:50 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #4280: remove outdated "versionchecker" tool. ........ r83563 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:21:21 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9037: add example how to raise custom exceptions from C code. ........ r83565 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:27:20 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9111: document that do_help() looks at docstrings. ........ r83566 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:30:57 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9019: remove false (in 3k) claim about Headers updates. ........ r83569 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:39:35 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #7797: be explicit about bytes-oriented interface of base64 functions. ........ r83571 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:44:34 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line Clarify that abs() is not a namespace. ........ r83574 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:47:56 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #6867: epoll.register() returns None. ........ r83575 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:52:10 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9238: zipfile does handle archive comments. ........ r83580 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:02:36 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #8119: fix copy-paste error. ........ r83584 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:07:14 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9457: fix documentation links for 3.2. ........ r83599 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:51:18 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9061: warn that single quotes are never escaped. ........ r83612 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 00:59:44 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix unicode literal. ........ r83659 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 14:06:29 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Terminology fix: exceptions are raised, except in generator.throw(). ........ r83977 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-13 17:10:49 +0200 (Fr, 13 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix copy-paste error. ........ r84015 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:44:34 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Add some maintainers. ........ r84016 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:15 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Wording fix. ........ r84017 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:59 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84018 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:48:49 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84020 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:57:20 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix format. ........ r84141 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-17 16:11:59 +0200 (Di, 17 Aug 2010) | 1 line Markup nits. ........
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Encode a byte string using Base32. *s* is the string to encode. The encoded string
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is returned.
.. function:: b32decode(s, casefold=False, map01=None)
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Merged revisions 83561,83563,83565-83566,83569,83571,83574-83575,83580,83584,83599,83612,83659,83977,84015-84018,84020,84141 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://svn.python.org/python/branches/py3k ........ r83561 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:17:50 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #4280: remove outdated "versionchecker" tool. ........ r83563 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:21:21 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9037: add example how to raise custom exceptions from C code. ........ r83565 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:27:20 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9111: document that do_help() looks at docstrings. ........ r83566 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:30:57 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9019: remove false (in 3k) claim about Headers updates. ........ r83569 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:39:35 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #7797: be explicit about bytes-oriented interface of base64 functions. ........ r83571 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:44:34 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line Clarify that abs() is not a namespace. ........ r83574 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:47:56 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #6867: epoll.register() returns None. ........ r83575 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:52:10 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9238: zipfile does handle archive comments. ........ r83580 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:02:36 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #8119: fix copy-paste error. ........ r83584 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:07:14 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9457: fix documentation links for 3.2. ........ r83599 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:51:18 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9061: warn that single quotes are never escaped. ........ r83612 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 00:59:44 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix unicode literal. ........ r83659 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 14:06:29 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Terminology fix: exceptions are raised, except in generator.throw(). ........ r83977 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-13 17:10:49 +0200 (Fr, 13 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix copy-paste error. ........ r84015 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:44:34 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Add some maintainers. ........ r84016 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:15 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Wording fix. ........ r84017 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:59 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84018 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:48:49 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84020 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:57:20 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix format. ........ r84141 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-17 16:11:59 +0200 (Di, 17 Aug 2010) | 1 line Markup nits. ........
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Decode a Base32 encoded byte string.
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*s* is the byte string to decode. Optional *casefold* is a flag specifying
whether a lowercase alphabet is acceptable as input. For security purposes,
the default is ``False``.
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:rfc:`3548` allows for optional mapping of the digit 0 (zero) to the letter O
(oh), and for optional mapping of the digit 1 (one) to either the letter I (eye)
or letter L (el). The optional argument *map01* when not ``None``, specifies
which letter the digit 1 should be mapped to (when *map01* is not ``None``, the
digit 0 is always mapped to the letter O). For security purposes the default is
``None``, so that 0 and 1 are not allowed in the input.
Merged revisions 83561,83563,83565-83566,83569,83571,83574-83575,83580,83584,83599,83612,83659,83977,84015-84018,84020,84141 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://svn.python.org/python/branches/py3k ........ r83561 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:17:50 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #4280: remove outdated "versionchecker" tool. ........ r83563 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:21:21 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9037: add example how to raise custom exceptions from C code. ........ r83565 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:27:20 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9111: document that do_help() looks at docstrings. ........ r83566 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:30:57 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9019: remove false (in 3k) claim about Headers updates. ........ r83569 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:39:35 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #7797: be explicit about bytes-oriented interface of base64 functions. ........ r83571 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:44:34 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line Clarify that abs() is not a namespace. ........ r83574 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:47:56 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #6867: epoll.register() returns None. ........ r83575 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:52:10 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9238: zipfile does handle archive comments. ........ r83580 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:02:36 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #8119: fix copy-paste error. ........ r83584 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:07:14 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9457: fix documentation links for 3.2. ........ r83599 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:51:18 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9061: warn that single quotes are never escaped. ........ r83612 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 00:59:44 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix unicode literal. ........ r83659 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 14:06:29 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Terminology fix: exceptions are raised, except in generator.throw(). ........ r83977 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-13 17:10:49 +0200 (Fr, 13 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix copy-paste error. ........ r84015 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:44:34 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Add some maintainers. ........ r84016 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:15 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Wording fix. ........ r84017 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:59 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84018 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:48:49 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84020 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:57:20 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix format. ........ r84141 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-17 16:11:59 +0200 (Di, 17 Aug 2010) | 1 line Markup nits. ........
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The decoded byte string is returned. A :exc:`TypeError` is raised if *s* were
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incorrectly padded or if there are non-alphabet characters present in the
string.
.. function:: b16encode(s)
Merged revisions 83561,83563,83565-83566,83569,83571,83574-83575,83580,83584,83599,83612,83659,83977,84015-84018,84020,84141 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://svn.python.org/python/branches/py3k ........ r83561 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:17:50 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #4280: remove outdated "versionchecker" tool. ........ r83563 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:21:21 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9037: add example how to raise custom exceptions from C code. ........ r83565 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:27:20 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9111: document that do_help() looks at docstrings. ........ r83566 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:30:57 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9019: remove false (in 3k) claim about Headers updates. ........ r83569 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:39:35 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #7797: be explicit about bytes-oriented interface of base64 functions. ........ r83571 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:44:34 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line Clarify that abs() is not a namespace. ........ r83574 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:47:56 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #6867: epoll.register() returns None. ........ r83575 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:52:10 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9238: zipfile does handle archive comments. ........ r83580 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:02:36 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #8119: fix copy-paste error. ........ r83584 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:07:14 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9457: fix documentation links for 3.2. ........ r83599 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:51:18 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9061: warn that single quotes are never escaped. ........ r83612 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 00:59:44 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix unicode literal. ........ r83659 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 14:06:29 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Terminology fix: exceptions are raised, except in generator.throw(). ........ r83977 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-13 17:10:49 +0200 (Fr, 13 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix copy-paste error. ........ r84015 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:44:34 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Add some maintainers. ........ r84016 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:15 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Wording fix. ........ r84017 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:59 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84018 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:48:49 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84020 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:57:20 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix format. ........ r84141 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-17 16:11:59 +0200 (Di, 17 Aug 2010) | 1 line Markup nits. ........
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Encode a byte string using Base16.
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Merged revisions 83561,83563,83565-83566,83569,83571,83574-83575,83580,83584,83599,83612,83659,83977,84015-84018,84020,84141 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://svn.python.org/python/branches/py3k ........ r83561 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:17:50 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #4280: remove outdated "versionchecker" tool. ........ r83563 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:21:21 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9037: add example how to raise custom exceptions from C code. ........ r83565 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:27:20 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9111: document that do_help() looks at docstrings. ........ r83566 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:30:57 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9019: remove false (in 3k) claim about Headers updates. ........ r83569 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:39:35 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #7797: be explicit about bytes-oriented interface of base64 functions. ........ r83571 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:44:34 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line Clarify that abs() is not a namespace. ........ r83574 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:47:56 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #6867: epoll.register() returns None. ........ r83575 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:52:10 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9238: zipfile does handle archive comments. ........ r83580 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:02:36 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #8119: fix copy-paste error. ........ r83584 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:07:14 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9457: fix documentation links for 3.2. ........ r83599 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:51:18 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9061: warn that single quotes are never escaped. ........ r83612 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 00:59:44 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix unicode literal. ........ r83659 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 14:06:29 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Terminology fix: exceptions are raised, except in generator.throw(). ........ r83977 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-13 17:10:49 +0200 (Fr, 13 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix copy-paste error. ........ r84015 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:44:34 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Add some maintainers. ........ r84016 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:15 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Wording fix. ........ r84017 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:59 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84018 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:48:49 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84020 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:57:20 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix format. ........ r84141 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-17 16:11:59 +0200 (Di, 17 Aug 2010) | 1 line Markup nits. ........
2010-10-06 05:35:38 -03:00
*s* is the string to encode. The encoded byte string is returned.
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.. function:: b16decode(s, casefold=False)
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Merged revisions 83561,83563,83565-83566,83569,83571,83574-83575,83580,83584,83599,83612,83659,83977,84015-84018,84020,84141 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://svn.python.org/python/branches/py3k ........ r83561 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:17:50 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #4280: remove outdated "versionchecker" tool. ........ r83563 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:21:21 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9037: add example how to raise custom exceptions from C code. ........ r83565 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:27:20 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9111: document that do_help() looks at docstrings. ........ r83566 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:30:57 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9019: remove false (in 3k) claim about Headers updates. ........ r83569 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:39:35 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #7797: be explicit about bytes-oriented interface of base64 functions. ........ r83571 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:44:34 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line Clarify that abs() is not a namespace. ........ r83574 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:47:56 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #6867: epoll.register() returns None. ........ r83575 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:52:10 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9238: zipfile does handle archive comments. ........ r83580 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:02:36 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #8119: fix copy-paste error. ........ r83584 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:07:14 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9457: fix documentation links for 3.2. ........ r83599 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:51:18 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9061: warn that single quotes are never escaped. ........ r83612 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 00:59:44 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix unicode literal. ........ r83659 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 14:06:29 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Terminology fix: exceptions are raised, except in generator.throw(). ........ r83977 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-13 17:10:49 +0200 (Fr, 13 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix copy-paste error. ........ r84015 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:44:34 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Add some maintainers. ........ r84016 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:15 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Wording fix. ........ r84017 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:59 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84018 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:48:49 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84020 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:57:20 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix format. ........ r84141 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-17 16:11:59 +0200 (Di, 17 Aug 2010) | 1 line Markup nits. ........
2010-10-06 05:35:38 -03:00
Decode a Base16 encoded byte string.
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*s* is the string to decode. Optional *casefold* is a flag specifying whether a
lowercase alphabet is acceptable as input. For security purposes, the default
is ``False``.
Merged revisions 83561,83563,83565-83566,83569,83571,83574-83575,83580,83584,83599,83612,83659,83977,84015-84018,84020,84141 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://svn.python.org/python/branches/py3k ........ r83561 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:17:50 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #4280: remove outdated "versionchecker" tool. ........ r83563 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:21:21 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9037: add example how to raise custom exceptions from C code. ........ r83565 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:27:20 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9111: document that do_help() looks at docstrings. ........ r83566 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:30:57 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9019: remove false (in 3k) claim about Headers updates. ........ r83569 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:39:35 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #7797: be explicit about bytes-oriented interface of base64 functions. ........ r83571 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:44:34 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line Clarify that abs() is not a namespace. ........ r83574 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:47:56 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #6867: epoll.register() returns None. ........ r83575 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 22:52:10 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9238: zipfile does handle archive comments. ........ r83580 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:02:36 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #8119: fix copy-paste error. ........ r83584 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:07:14 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9457: fix documentation links for 3.2. ........ r83599 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-02 23:51:18 +0200 (Mo, 02 Aug 2010) | 1 line #9061: warn that single quotes are never escaped. ........ r83612 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 00:59:44 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix unicode literal. ........ r83659 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-03 14:06:29 +0200 (Di, 03 Aug 2010) | 1 line Terminology fix: exceptions are raised, except in generator.throw(). ........ r83977 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-13 17:10:49 +0200 (Fr, 13 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix copy-paste error. ........ r84015 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:44:34 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Add some maintainers. ........ r84016 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:15 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Wording fix. ........ r84017 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:46:59 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84018 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:48:49 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Typo fix. ........ r84020 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-14 17:57:20 +0200 (Sa, 14 Aug 2010) | 1 line Fix format. ........ r84141 | georg.brandl | 2010-08-17 16:11:59 +0200 (Di, 17 Aug 2010) | 1 line Markup nits. ........
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The decoded byte string is returned. A :exc:`TypeError` is raised if *s* were
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incorrectly padded or if there are non-alphabet characters present in the
string.
The legacy interface:
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.. function:: decode(input, output)
Decode the contents of the binary *input* file and write the resulting binary
data to the *output* file. *input* and *output* must be :term:`file objects
<file object>`. *input* will be read until ``input.read()`` returns an empty
bytes object.
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.. function:: decodebytes(s)
decodestring(s)
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Decode the byte string *s*, which must contain one or more lines of base64
encoded data, and return a byte string containing the resulting binary data.
``decodestring`` is a deprecated alias.
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.. function:: encode(input, output)
Encode the contents of the binary *input* file and write the resulting base64
encoded data to the *output* file. *input* and *output* must be :term:`file
objects <file object>`. *input* will be read until ``input.read()`` returns
an empty bytes object. :func:`encode` returns the encoded data plus a trailing
newline character (``b'\n'``).
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.. function:: encodebytes(s)
encodestring(s)
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Encode the byte string *s*, which can contain arbitrary binary data, and
return a byte string containing one or more lines of base64-encoded data.
:func:`encodebytes` returns a string containing one or more lines of
base64-encoded data always including an extra trailing newline (``b'\n'``).
``encodestring`` is a deprecated alias.
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Merged revisions 61724-61725,61731-61735,61737,61739,61741,61743-61744,61753,61761,61765-61767,61769,61773,61776-61778,61780-61783,61788,61793,61796,61807,61813 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/python/trunk ................ r61724 | martin.v.loewis | 2008-03-22 01:01:12 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 49 lines Merged revisions 61602-61723 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://pythondev@svn.python.org/sandbox/trunk/2to3/lib2to3 ........ r61626 | david.wolever | 2008-03-19 17:19:16 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line Added fixer for implicit local imports. See #2414. ........ r61628 | david.wolever | 2008-03-19 17:57:43 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line Added a class for tests which should not run if a particular import is found. ........ r61629 | collin.winter | 2008-03-19 17:58:19 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line Two more relative import fixes in pgen2. ........ r61635 | david.wolever | 2008-03-19 20:16:03 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line Fixed print fixer so it will do the Right Thing when it encounters __future__.print_function. 2to3 gets upset, though, so the tests have been commented out. ........ r61637 | david.wolever | 2008-03-19 21:37:17 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 3 lines Added a fixer for itertools imports (from itertools import imap, ifilterfalse --> from itertools import filterfalse) ........ r61645 | david.wolever | 2008-03-19 23:22:35 +0100 (Mi, 19 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line SVN is happier when you add the files you create... -_-' ........ r61654 | david.wolever | 2008-03-20 01:09:56 +0100 (Do, 20 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line Added an explicit sort order to fixers -- fixes problems like #2427 ........ r61664 | david.wolever | 2008-03-20 04:32:40 +0100 (Do, 20 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 3 lines Fixes #2428 -- comments are no longer eatten by __future__ fixer. ........ r61673 | david.wolever | 2008-03-20 17:22:40 +0100 (Do, 20 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line Added 2to3 node pretty-printer ........ r61679 | david.wolever | 2008-03-20 20:50:42 +0100 (Do, 20 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 1 line Made node printing a little bit prettier ........ r61723 | martin.v.loewis | 2008-03-22 00:59:27 +0100 (Sa, 22 M?\195?\164r 2008) | 2 lines Fix whitespace. ........ ................ r61725 | martin.v.loewis | 2008-03-22 01:02:41 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines Install lib2to3. ................ r61731 | facundo.batista | 2008-03-22 03:45:37 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 4 lines Small fix that complicated the test actually when that test failed. ................ r61732 | alexandre.vassalotti | 2008-03-22 05:08:44 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines Added warning for the removal of 'hotshot' in Py3k. ................ r61733 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 11:07:29 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 4 lines #1918: document that weak references *to* an object are cleared before the object's __del__ is called, to ensure that the weak reference callback (if any) finds the object healthy. ................ r61734 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 11:56:23 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines Activate the Sphinx doctest extension and convert howto/functional to use it. ................ r61735 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 11:58:38 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines Allow giving source names on the cmdline. ................ r61737 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 12:00:48 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines Fixup this HOWTO's doctest blocks so that they can be run with sphinx' doctest builder. ................ r61739 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 12:47:10 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines Test decimal.rst doctests as far as possible with sphinx doctest. ................ r61741 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 13:04:26 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines Make doctests in re docs usable with sphinx' doctest. ................ r61743 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 13:59:37 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines Make more doctests in pprint docs testable. ................ r61744 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 14:07:06 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines No need to specify explicit "doctest_block" anymore. ................ r61753 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 21:08:43 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines Fix-up syntax problems. ................ r61761 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 22:06:20 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 4 lines Make collections' doctests executable. (The <BLANKLINE>s will be stripped from presentation output.) ................ r61765 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 22:21:57 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines Test doctests in datetime docs. ................ r61766 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 22:26:44 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines Test doctests in operator docs. ................ r61767 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 22:38:33 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 2 lines Enable doctests in functions.rst. Already found two errors :) ................ r61769 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-22 23:04:10 +0100 (Sat, 22 Mar 2008) | 3 lines Enable doctest running for several other documents. We have now over 640 doctests that are run with "make doctest". ................ r61773 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-03-23 01:55:46 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line Simplify demo code. ................ r61776 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 04:43:33 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 7 lines Try to make this test a little more robust and not fail with: timeout (10.0025) is more than 2 seconds more than expected (0.001) I'm assuming this problem is caused by DNS lookup. This change does a DNS lookup of the hostname before trying to connect, so the time is not included. ................ r61777 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 05:08:30 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line Speed up the test by avoiding socket timeouts. ................ r61778 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 05:43:09 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line Skip the epoll test if epoll() does not work ................ r61780 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 06:47:20 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line Suppress failure (to avoid a flaky test) if we cannot connect to svn.python.org ................ r61781 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 07:13:25 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 4 lines Move itertools before future_builtins since the latter depends on the former. From a clean build importing future_builtins would fail since itertools wasn't built yet. ................ r61782 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 07:16:04 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line Try to prevent the alarm going off early in tearDown ................ r61783 | neal.norwitz | 2008-03-23 07:19:57 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 4 lines Remove compiler warnings (on Alpha at least) about using chars as array subscripts. Using chars are dangerous b/c they are signed on some platforms and unsigned on others. ................ r61788 | georg.brandl | 2008-03-23 09:05:30 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 2 lines Make the doctests presentation-friendlier. ................ r61793 | amaury.forgeotdarc | 2008-03-23 10:55:29 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 4 lines #1477: ur'\U0010FFFF' raised in narrow unicode builds. Corrected the raw-unicode-escape codec to use UTF-16 surrogates in this case, just like the unicode-escape codec. ................ r61796 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-03-23 14:32:32 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 1 line Issue 1681432: Add triangular distribution the random module. ................ r61807 | raymond.hettinger | 2008-03-23 20:37:53 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 4 lines Adopt Nick's suggestion for useful default arguments. Clean-up floating point issues by adding true division and float constants. ................ r61813 | gregory.p.smith | 2008-03-23 22:04:43 +0100 (Sun, 23 Mar 2008) | 6 lines Fix gzip to deal with CRC's being signed values in Python 2.x properly and to read 32bit values as unsigned to start with rather than applying signedness fixups allover the place afterwards. This hopefully fixes the test_tarfile failure on the alpha/tru64 buildbot. ................
2008-03-23 18:54:12 -03:00
An example usage of the module:
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>>> import base64
Merged revisions 85572-85573,85606,85609-85622,85624,85626-85627,85629,85631,85633,85635-85636,85638-85639,85641-85642 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://svn.python.org/python/branches/py3k ........ r85572 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-16 20:51:05 +0200 (Sa, 16 Okt 2010) | 1 line #10122: typo fix. ........ r85573 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-16 20:53:08 +0200 (Sa, 16 Okt 2010) | 1 line #10124: typo fix. ........ r85606 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 08:32:59 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #10058: tweak wording about exception returns. ........ r85609 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 11:19:03 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #8556: use less confusing mapping key in example. ........ r85610 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 11:23:05 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #8686: remove potentially confusing wording that does not add any value. ........ r85611 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 11:33:24 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #8811: small fixes to sqlite3 docs. ........ r85612 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 11:37:54 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #8855: add shelve security warning. ........ r85613 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 11:43:35 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line Fix hmac docs: it takes and returns bytes, except for hexdigest(). ........ r85614 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 11:46:11 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #8968: add actual name of token constants. ........ r85615 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:05:13 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #459007: merge info from PC/getpathp.c and using/windows.rst to document the forming of sys.path under Windows. ........ r85616 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:07:29 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line Fix copy-paste error in example. ........ r85617 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:09:06 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #5212: md5 weaknesses do not affect hmac, so remove the note about that. ........ r85618 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:14:38 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #9086: correct wrong terminology about linking with pythonXY.dll. ........ r85619 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:15:50 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line Make file names consistent. ........ r85620 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:22:28 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line Remove second parser module example; it referred to non-readily-available example files, and this kind of discovery is much better done with the AST nowadays anyway. ........ r85621 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:24:54 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #9105: move pickle warning to a bit more prominent location. ........ r85622 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:28:04 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #9112: document error() and exit() methods of ArgumentParser. ........ r85624 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:34:28 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line Some markup and style fixes in argparse docs. ........ r85626 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:38:20 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #9117: fix syntax for class definition. ........ r85627 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:44:11 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #9138: reword introduction to classes in Python. ........ r85629 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:51:45 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #5962: clarify sys.exit() vs. threads. ........ r85631 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:53:54 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line Fix capitalization. ........ r85633 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:59:41 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #9204: remove mentions of removed types in the types module. ........ r85635 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 13:03:22 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #5121: fix claims about default values leading to segfaults. ........ r85636 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 13:06:14 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #9237: document sys.call_tracing(). ........ r85638 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 13:13:37 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line Port changes to pickle docs apparently lost in py3k. ........ r85639 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 13:23:56 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line Make twisted example a bit more logical. ........ r85641 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 13:29:07 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line Fix documentation of dis.opmap direction. ........ r85642 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 13:36:28 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #9730: fix example. ........
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>>> encoded = base64.b64encode(b'data to be encoded')
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>>> encoded
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b'ZGF0YSB0byBiZSBlbmNvZGVk'
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>>> data = base64.b64decode(encoded)
>>> data
Merged revisions 85572-85573,85606,85609-85622,85624,85626-85627,85629,85631,85633,85635-85636,85638-85639,85641-85642 via svnmerge from svn+ssh://svn.python.org/python/branches/py3k ........ r85572 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-16 20:51:05 +0200 (Sa, 16 Okt 2010) | 1 line #10122: typo fix. ........ r85573 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-16 20:53:08 +0200 (Sa, 16 Okt 2010) | 1 line #10124: typo fix. ........ r85606 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 08:32:59 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #10058: tweak wording about exception returns. ........ r85609 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 11:19:03 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #8556: use less confusing mapping key in example. ........ r85610 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 11:23:05 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #8686: remove potentially confusing wording that does not add any value. ........ r85611 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 11:33:24 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #8811: small fixes to sqlite3 docs. ........ r85612 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 11:37:54 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #8855: add shelve security warning. ........ r85613 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 11:43:35 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line Fix hmac docs: it takes and returns bytes, except for hexdigest(). ........ r85614 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 11:46:11 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #8968: add actual name of token constants. ........ r85615 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:05:13 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #459007: merge info from PC/getpathp.c and using/windows.rst to document the forming of sys.path under Windows. ........ r85616 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:07:29 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line Fix copy-paste error in example. ........ r85617 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:09:06 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #5212: md5 weaknesses do not affect hmac, so remove the note about that. ........ r85618 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:14:38 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #9086: correct wrong terminology about linking with pythonXY.dll. ........ r85619 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:15:50 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line Make file names consistent. ........ r85620 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:22:28 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line Remove second parser module example; it referred to non-readily-available example files, and this kind of discovery is much better done with the AST nowadays anyway. ........ r85621 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:24:54 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #9105: move pickle warning to a bit more prominent location. ........ r85622 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:28:04 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #9112: document error() and exit() methods of ArgumentParser. ........ r85624 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:34:28 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line Some markup and style fixes in argparse docs. ........ r85626 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:38:20 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #9117: fix syntax for class definition. ........ r85627 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:44:11 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #9138: reword introduction to classes in Python. ........ r85629 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:51:45 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #5962: clarify sys.exit() vs. threads. ........ r85631 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:53:54 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line Fix capitalization. ........ r85633 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 12:59:41 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #9204: remove mentions of removed types in the types module. ........ r85635 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 13:03:22 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #5121: fix claims about default values leading to segfaults. ........ r85636 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 13:06:14 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #9237: document sys.call_tracing(). ........ r85638 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 13:13:37 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line Port changes to pickle docs apparently lost in py3k. ........ r85639 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 13:23:56 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line Make twisted example a bit more logical. ........ r85641 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 13:29:07 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line Fix documentation of dis.opmap direction. ........ r85642 | georg.brandl | 2010-10-17 13:36:28 +0200 (So, 17 Okt 2010) | 1 line #9730: fix example. ........
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b'data to be encoded'
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.. seealso::
Module :mod:`binascii`
Support module containing ASCII-to-binary and binary-to-ASCII conversions.
:rfc:`1521` - MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) Part One: Mechanisms for Specifying and Describing the Format of Internet Message Bodies
Section 5.2, "Base64 Content-Transfer-Encoding," provides the definition of the
base64 encoding.