This bug created a race condition whereby if the EKF had to reset the yaw to the GPS ground course to recover from a bad magnetometer, the new heading could be over-written by the bad magnetic heading when the plane reached the height for the scheduled reset.
Co-variances were being re-zeroed after being set. This meant that the initial declination learning was sensitive to measurement errors which could result in poor initial yaw accuracy.
Fixes bugs that prevented planes being able to reset yaw to GPS to recovery from takeoff with a bad magnetoemter.
1) If the velocity innovation check had not failed by the time the in-air transition occurred, then the yaw reset would not be performed
2) The velocity states were not being reset
3) The non fly-forward vehicle (copter) reset could occur first and effectively lock out the fly-forward vehicle (plane) yaw check.
Remember the mag bias and earth field states learned during flight when the vehicle lands.
This improves performance for vehicles that do multiple flight on one power cycle
IMU data was being corrected before being used by the co-variance prediction, whereas the delta angles and velocities in the derivation were supposed to be uncorrected.
This patch creates separate variable for the corrected data
The toilet bowling check during early flight has been removed. This check caused problems where bad compass calibration was the cause of the toilet bowling and resetting to the compass was a bad option. The handling of simultaneous failed mag and velocity innovations is already handled outside the EKF by the failsafe.
A check for yaw errors due to a ground based magnetic anomaly has been introduced.
The logic for in-flight yaw and magnetic field resets has been cleaned up and variable names improved.
Splits in-flight yaw alignment completed status into separate yaw and magnetic field flags.
Reduce the number of places where decisions to perform a yaw and field reset are made.
Don't perform a reset unless there is is data in the buffer
Don't use 3-axis fusion if the field states still need to be reset.
When starting 3-axis fusion request a reset if not previously performed.
Ensure magnetometer and GPs heading resets are alwasy perfomred with data at teh correct time horizon.
The new function can deal with a variable number of function parameters.
Additionally, I renamed the functions to norm(), because this is the
standard name used in several other projects.
Implements the following techniques to enable planes to operate without magnetometers.
1) When on ground with mag use inhibited, a synthetic heading equal to current heading is fused to prevent uncontrolled covariance growth.
2) When transitioning to in-flight, the delta between inertial and GPS velocity vector is used to align the yaw.
3) The yaw gyro bias state variance is reset following an in-flight heading reset to enable the yaw gyro bias to be learned faster.
Use an Euler yaw heading that switches between a 321 and 312 rotation
sequence to avoid areas of singularity. Using Euler yaw decouples the
observation from the roll and pitch states and prevents magnetic
disturbances from affecting roll and pitch via the magnetometer fusion
process.
The use of yaw angle fusion during startup and ground operation causes problems with tail-sitter vehicle types.
Instead of observing an Euler yaw angle, we now observe the yaw angle obtained by projecting the measured magnetic field onto the the horizontal plain.
This avoids the singularities associated with the observation of Euler yaw angle.
The innovation calculation should have been updated when the heading fusion maths was updated.
We now use a direct heading or yaw angle measurement in the derivation, not the difference between observed and published declination.
Change to user adjustable fusion of constant position (as per legacy EKF) instead of constant velocity.
Enable user to specify use of 3-axis magnetometer fusion when operating without aiding.
Don't allow gyro scale factor learning without external aiding data as it can be unreliable
Eliminate the use of horizontal position states during non-aiding operation to make it easier to tune.
Explicitly set the horizontal position associated Kalman gains to zero and the coresponding covariance entries to zero after avery fusion operation.
Make the horizontal velocity observation noise used during non-aiding operation adjustable.
Use a fixed value of velocity noise during initial alignment so that the flight peformance can be tuned without affecting the initial alignment.
The problem with using min() and max() is that they conflict with some
C++ headers. Name the macros in uppercase instead. We may go case by
case later converting them to be typesafe.
Changes generated with:
git ls-files '*.cpp' '*.h' -z | xargs -0 sed -i 's/\([^_[:alnum:]]\)max(/\1MAX(/g'
git ls-files '*.cpp' '*.h' -z | xargs -0 sed -i 's/\([^_[:alnum:]]\)min(/\1MIN(/g'
The copter method was being used for plane and the plane method was not being run due to the change in flight status not being detected.
The plane reset method did not trigger if the EKF had already dragged the velocity states along with the GPS or could align to an incorrect heading.
The method has been reworked so that it resets to the GPS course, but only if there are inconsistent angles and large innovations.
To stop a failed magnetometer causing a loss of yaw reference later in flight, if all available sensors have been tried in flight and timed out, then no further magnetoemter data will be used
Down-sample the IMU and output observer state data to 100Hz for storage in the buffer.
This reduces storage requirements for Copter by 75% or 6KB
It does not affect memory required by plane which already uses short buffers due to its 50Hz execution rate.
This means that the EKF filter operations operate at a maximum rate of 100Hz.
The output observer continues to operate at 400Hz and coning and sculling corrections are applied during the down-sampling so there is no loss of accuracy.
The original design intent was to require all axes to pass because severe errors are rarely constrained to a single axis.
This was not achieved with the previous implementation.
These changes move the innovation consistency checks for all three axes to the top before any axes are fused.
Unnecessary performance timers have been removed.
Jonathan Challinger
Andrew Tridgell
priseborough
Ricardo de Almeida Gonzaga
dgrat
Lucas De Marchi
Siddharth Bharat Purohit
Paul Riseborough