543 lines
17 KiB
Python
543 lines
17 KiB
Python
#! /usr/bin/env python
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"""Interfaces for launching and remotely controlling Web browsers."""
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import os
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import sys
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import stat
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__all__ = ["Error", "open", "open_new", "open_new_tab", "get", "register"]
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class Error(Exception):
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pass
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_browsers = {} # Dictionary of available browser controllers
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_tryorder = [] # Preference order of available browsers
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def register(name, klass, instance=None, update_tryorder=1):
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"""Register a browser connector and, optionally, connection."""
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_browsers[name.lower()] = [klass, instance]
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if update_tryorder > 0:
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_tryorder.append(name)
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elif update_tryorder < 0:
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_tryorder.insert(0, name)
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def get(using=None):
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"""Return a browser launcher instance appropriate for the environment."""
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if using is not None:
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alternatives = [using]
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else:
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alternatives = _tryorder
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for browser in alternatives:
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if '%s' in browser:
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# User gave us a command line, don't mess with it.
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return GenericBrowser(browser)
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else:
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# User gave us a browser name or path.
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try:
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command = _browsers[browser.lower()]
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except KeyError:
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command = _synthesize(browser)
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if command[1] is not None:
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return command[1]
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elif command[0] is not None:
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return command[0]()
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raise Error("could not locate runnable browser")
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# Please note: the following definition hides a builtin function.
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# It is recommended one does "import webbrowser" and uses webbrowser.open(url)
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# instead of "from webbrowser import *".
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def open(url, new=0, autoraise=1):
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for name in _tryorder:
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browser = get(name)
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if browser.open(url, new, autoraise):
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return True
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return False
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def open_new(url):
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return open(url, 1)
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def open_new_tab(url):
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return open(url, 2)
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def _synthesize(browser, update_tryorder=1):
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"""Attempt to synthesize a controller base on existing controllers.
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This is useful to create a controller when a user specifies a path to
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an entry in the BROWSER environment variable -- we can copy a general
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controller to operate using a specific installation of the desired
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browser in this way.
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If we can't create a controller in this way, or if there is no
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executable for the requested browser, return [None, None].
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"""
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cmd = browser.split()[0]
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if not _iscommand(cmd):
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return [None, None]
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name = os.path.basename(cmd)
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try:
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command = _browsers[name.lower()]
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except KeyError:
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return [None, None]
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# now attempt to clone to fit the new name:
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controller = command[1]
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if controller and name.lower() == controller.basename:
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import copy
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controller = copy.copy(controller)
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controller.name = browser
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controller.basename = os.path.basename(browser)
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register(browser, None, controller, update_tryorder)
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return [None, controller]
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return [None, None]
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if sys.platform[:3] == "win":
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def _isexecutable(cmd):
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cmd = cmd.lower()
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if os.path.isfile(cmd) and (cmd.endswith(".exe") or
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cmd.endswith(".bat")):
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return True
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for ext in ".exe", ".bat":
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if os.path.isfile(cmd + ext):
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return True
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return False
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else:
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def _isexecutable(cmd):
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if os.path.isfile(cmd):
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mode = os.stat(cmd)[stat.ST_MODE]
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if mode & stat.S_IXUSR or mode & stat.S_IXGRP or mode & stat.S_IXOTH:
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return True
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return False
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def _iscommand(cmd):
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"""Return True if cmd is executable or can be found on the executable
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search path."""
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if _isexecutable(cmd):
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return True
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path = os.environ.get("PATH")
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if not path:
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return False
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for d in path.split(os.pathsep):
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exe = os.path.join(d, cmd)
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if _isexecutable(exe):
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return True
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return False
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# General parent classes
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class BaseBrowser(object):
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"""Parent class for all browsers."""
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def __init__(self, name=""):
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self.name = name
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self.basename = name
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def open(self, url, new=0, autoraise=1):
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raise NotImplementedError
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def open_new(self, url):
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return self.open(url, 1)
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def open_new_tab(self, url):
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return self.open(url, 2)
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class GenericBrowser(BaseBrowser):
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"""Class for all browsers started with a command
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and without remote functionality."""
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def __init__(self, cmd):
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self.name, self.args = cmd.split(None, 1)
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self.basename = os.path.basename(self.name)
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def open(self, url, new=0, autoraise=1):
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assert "'" not in url
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command = "%s %s" % (self.name, self.args)
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rc = os.system(command % url)
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return not rc
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class UnixBrowser(BaseBrowser):
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"""Parent class for all Unix browsers with remote functionality."""
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raise_opts = None
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remote_cmd = ''
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remote_action = None
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remote_action_newwin = None
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remote_action_newtab = None
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remote_background = False
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def _remote(self, url, action, autoraise):
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autoraise = int(bool(autoraise)) # always 0/1
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raise_opt = self.raise_opts and self.raise_opts[autoraise] or ''
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cmd = "%s %s %s '%s' >/dev/null 2>&1" % (self.name, raise_opt,
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self.remote_cmd, action)
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if self.remote_background:
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cmd += ' &'
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rc = os.system(cmd)
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if rc:
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# bad return status, try again with simpler command
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rc = os.system("%s %s" % (self.name, url))
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return not rc
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def open(self, url, new=0, autoraise=1):
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assert "'" not in url
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if new == 0:
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action = self.remote_action
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elif new == 1:
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action = self.remote_action_newwin
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elif new == 2:
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if self.remote_action_newtab is None:
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action = self.remote_action_newwin
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else:
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action = self.remote_action_newtab
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else:
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raise Error("Bad 'new' parameter to open(); expected 0, 1, or 2, got %s" % new)
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return self._remote(url, action % url, autoraise)
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class Mozilla(UnixBrowser):
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"""Launcher class for Mozilla/Netscape browsers."""
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raise_opts = ("-noraise", "-raise")
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remote_cmd = '-remote'
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remote_action = "openURL(%s)"
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remote_action_newwin = "openURL(%s,new-window)"
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remote_action_newtab = "openURL(%s,new-tab)"
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Netscape = Mozilla
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class Galeon(UnixBrowser):
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"""Launcher class for Galeon/Epiphany browsers."""
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raise_opts = ("-noraise", "")
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remote_action = "-n '%s'"
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remote_action_newwin = "-w '%s'"
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remote_background = True
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class Konqueror(BaseBrowser):
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"""Controller for the KDE File Manager (kfm, or Konqueror).
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See http://developer.kde.org/documentation/other/kfmclient.html
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for more information on the Konqueror remote-control interface.
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"""
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def _remote(self, url, action):
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# kfmclient is the new KDE way of opening URLs.
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cmd = "kfmclient %s >/dev/null 2>&1" % action
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rc = os.system(cmd)
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# Fall back to other variants.
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if rc:
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if _iscommand("konqueror"):
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rc = os.system(self.name + " --silent '%s' &" % url)
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elif _iscommand("kfm"):
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rc = os.system(self.name + " -d '%s'" % url)
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return not rc
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def open(self, url, new=0, autoraise=1):
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# XXX Currently I know no way to prevent KFM from
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# opening a new win.
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assert "'" not in url
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if new == 2:
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action = "newTab '%s'" % url
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else:
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action = "openURL '%s'" % url
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ok = self._remote(url, action)
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return ok
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class Opera(UnixBrowser):
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"Launcher class for Opera browser."
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raise_opts = ("", "-raise")
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remote_cmd = '-remote'
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remote_action = "openURL(%s)"
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remote_action_newwin = "openURL(%s,new-window)"
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remote_action_newtab = "openURL(%s,new-page)"
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class Elinks(UnixBrowser):
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"Launcher class for Elinks browsers."
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remote_cmd = '-remote'
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remote_action = "openURL(%s)"
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remote_action_newwin = "openURL(%s,new-window)"
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remote_action_newtab = "openURL(%s,new-tab)"
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def _remote(self, url, action, autoraise):
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# elinks doesn't like its stdout to be redirected -
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# it uses redirected stdout as a signal to do -dump
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cmd = "%s %s '%s' 2>/dev/null" % (self.name,
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self.remote_cmd, action)
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rc = os.system(cmd)
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if rc:
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rc = os.system("%s %s" % (self.name, url))
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return not rc
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class Grail(BaseBrowser):
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# There should be a way to maintain a connection to Grail, but the
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# Grail remote control protocol doesn't really allow that at this
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# point. It probably neverwill!
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def _find_grail_rc(self):
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import glob
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import pwd
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import socket
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import tempfile
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tempdir = os.path.join(tempfile.gettempdir(),
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".grail-unix")
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user = pwd.getpwuid(os.getuid())[0]
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filename = os.path.join(tempdir, user + "-*")
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maybes = glob.glob(filename)
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if not maybes:
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return None
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s = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
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for fn in maybes:
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# need to PING each one until we find one that's live
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try:
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s.connect(fn)
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except socket.error:
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# no good; attempt to clean it out, but don't fail:
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try:
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os.unlink(fn)
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except IOError:
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pass
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else:
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return s
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def _remote(self, action):
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s = self._find_grail_rc()
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if not s:
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return 0
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s.send(action)
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s.close()
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return 1
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def open(self, url, new=0, autoraise=1):
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if new:
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ok = self._remote("LOADNEW " + url)
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else:
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ok = self._remote("LOAD " + url)
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return ok
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#
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# Platform support for Unix
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#
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# These are the right tests because all these Unix browsers require either
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# a console terminal or an X display to run.
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def register_X_browsers():
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# First, the Mozilla/Netscape browsers
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for browser in ("mozilla-firefox", "firefox",
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"mozilla-firebird", "firebird",
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"mozilla", "netscape"):
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if _iscommand(browser):
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register(browser, None, Mozilla(browser))
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# The default Gnome browser
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if _iscommand("gconftool-2"):
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# get the web browser string from gconftool
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gc = 'gconftool-2 -g /desktop/gnome/url-handlers/http/command'
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out = os.popen(gc)
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commd = out.read().strip()
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retncode = out.close()
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# if successful, register it
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if retncode == None and len(commd) != 0:
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register("gnome", None, GenericBrowser(
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commd + " '%s' >/dev/null &"))
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# Konqueror/kfm, the KDE browser.
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if _iscommand("kfm"):
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register("kfm", Konqueror, Konqueror("kfm"))
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elif _iscommand("konqueror"):
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register("konqueror", Konqueror, Konqueror("konqueror"))
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# Gnome's Galeon and Epiphany
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for browser in ("galeon", "epiphany"):
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if _iscommand(browser):
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register(browser, None, Galeon(browser))
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# Skipstone, another Gtk/Mozilla based browser
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if _iscommand("skipstone"):
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register("skipstone", None, GenericBrowser("skipstone '%s' &"))
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# Opera, quite popular
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if _iscommand("opera"):
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register("opera", None, Opera("opera"))
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# Next, Mosaic -- old but still in use.
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if _iscommand("mosaic"):
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register("mosaic", None, GenericBrowser("mosaic '%s' &"))
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# Grail, the Python browser. Does anybody still use it?
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if _iscommand("grail"):
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register("grail", Grail, None)
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# Prefer X browsers if present
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if os.environ.get("DISPLAY"):
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register_X_browsers()
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# Also try console browsers
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if os.environ.get("TERM"):
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# The Links/elinks browsers <http://artax.karlin.mff.cuni.cz/~mikulas/links/>
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if _iscommand("links"):
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register("links", None, GenericBrowser("links '%s'"))
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if _iscommand("elinks"):
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register("elinks", None, Elinks("elinks"))
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# The Lynx browser <http://lynx.isc.org/>, <http://lynx.browser.org/>
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if _iscommand("lynx"):
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register("lynx", None, GenericBrowser("lynx '%s'"))
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# The w3m browser <http://w3m.sourceforge.net/>
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if _iscommand("w3m"):
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register("w3m", None, GenericBrowser("w3m '%s'"))
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#
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# Platform support for Windows
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#
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if sys.platform[:3] == "win":
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class WindowsDefault(BaseBrowser):
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def open(self, url, new=0, autoraise=1):
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os.startfile(url)
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return True # Oh, my...
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_tryorder = []
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_browsers = {}
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# Prefer mozilla/netscape/opera if present
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for browser in ("firefox", "firebird", "mozilla", "netscape", "opera"):
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if _iscommand(browser):
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register(browser, None, GenericBrowser(browser + ' %s'))
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register("windows-default", WindowsDefault)
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#
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# Platform support for MacOS
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#
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try:
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import ic
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except ImportError:
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pass
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else:
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class InternetConfig(BaseBrowser):
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def open(self, url, new=0, autoraise=1):
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ic.launchurl(url)
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return True # Any way to get status?
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register("internet-config", InternetConfig, update_tryorder=-1)
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if sys.platform == 'darwin':
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# Adapted from patch submitted to SourceForge by Steven J. Burr
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class MacOSX(BaseBrowser):
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"""Launcher class for Aqua browsers on Mac OS X
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Optionally specify a browser name on instantiation. Note that this
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will not work for Aqua browsers if the user has moved the application
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package after installation.
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If no browser is specified, the default browser, as specified in the
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Internet System Preferences panel, will be used.
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"""
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def __init__(self, name):
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self.name = name
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def open(self, url, new=0, autoraise=1):
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assert "'" not in url
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# new must be 0 or 1
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new = int(bool(new))
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if self.name == "default":
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# User called open, open_new or get without a browser parameter
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script = _safequote('open location "%s"', url) # opens in default browser
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else:
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# User called get and chose a browser
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if self.name == "OmniWeb":
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toWindow = ""
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else:
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# Include toWindow parameter of OpenURL command for browsers
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# that support it. 0 == new window; -1 == existing
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toWindow = "toWindow %d" % (new - 1)
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cmd = _safequote('OpenURL "%s"', url)
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script = '''tell application "%s"
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activate
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%s %s
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end tell''' % (self.name, cmd, toWindow)
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# Open pipe to AppleScript through osascript command
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osapipe = os.popen("osascript", "w")
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if osapipe is None:
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return False
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# Write script to osascript's stdin
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osapipe.write(script)
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rc = osapipe.close()
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return not rc
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# Don't clear _tryorder or _browsers since OS X can use above Unix support
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# (but we prefer using the OS X specific stuff)
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register("MacOSX", None, MacOSX('default'), -1)
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#
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# Platform support for OS/2
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#
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if sys.platform[:3] == "os2" and _iscommand("netscape"):
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_tryorder = []
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_browsers = {}
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register("os2netscape", None,
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GenericBrowser("start netscape %s"), -1)
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# OK, now that we know what the default preference orders for each
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# platform are, allow user to override them with the BROWSER variable.
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if "BROWSER" in os.environ:
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_userchoices = os.environ["BROWSER"].split(os.pathsep)
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_userchoices.reverse()
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# Treat choices in same way as if passed into get() but do register
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# and prepend to _tryorder
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for cmdline in _userchoices:
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if cmdline != '':
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_synthesize(cmdline, -1)
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cmdline = None # to make del work if _userchoices was empty
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del cmdline
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del _userchoices
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# what to do if _tryorder is now empty?
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def main():
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import getopt
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usage = """Usage: %s [-n | -t] url
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-n: open new window
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-t: open new tab""" % sys.argv[0]
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try:
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opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], 'ntd')
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except getopt.error, msg:
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print >>sys.stderr, msg
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print >>sys.stderr, usage
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sys.exit(1)
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new_win = 0
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for o, a in opts:
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if o == '-n': new_win = 1
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elif o == '-t': new_win = 2
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if len(args) <> 1:
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print >>sys.stderr, usage
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sys.exit(1)
|
|
|
|
url = args[0]
|
|
open(url, new_win)
|
|
|
|
if __name__ == "__main__":
|
|
main()
|