import unittest from test import support import subprocess import sys import signal import os import errno import tempfile import time import re mswindows = (sys.platform == "win32") # # Depends on the following external programs: Python # if mswindows: SETBINARY = ('import msvcrt; msvcrt.setmode(sys.stdout.fileno(), ' 'os.O_BINARY);') else: SETBINARY = '' # In a debug build, stuff like "[6580 refs]" is printed to stderr at # shutdown time. That frustrates tests trying to check stderr produced # from a spawned Python process. def remove_stderr_debug_decorations(stderr): return re.sub("\[\d+ refs\]\r?\n?$", "", stderr.decode()).encode() #return re.sub(r"\[\d+ refs\]\r?\n?$", "", stderr) class BaseTestCase(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): # Try to minimize the number of children we have so this test # doesn't crash on some buildbots (Alphas in particular). if hasattr(support, "reap_children"): support.reap_children() def tearDown(self): # Try to minimize the number of children we have so this test # doesn't crash on some buildbots (Alphas in particular). if hasattr(support, "reap_children"): support.reap_children() def mkstemp(self, *args, **kwargs): """wrapper for mkstemp, calling mktemp if mkstemp is not available""" if hasattr(tempfile, "mkstemp"): return tempfile.mkstemp(*args, **kwargs) else: fname = tempfile.mktemp(*args, **kwargs) return os.open(fname, os.O_RDWR|os.O_CREAT), fname class ProcessTestCase(BaseTestCase): # # Generic tests # def test_call_seq(self): # call() function with sequence argument rc = subprocess.call([sys.executable, "-c", "import sys; sys.exit(47)"]) self.assertEqual(rc, 47) def test_check_call_zero(self): # check_call() function with zero return code rc = subprocess.check_call([sys.executable, "-c", "import sys; sys.exit(0)"]) self.assertEqual(rc, 0) def test_check_call_nonzero(self): # check_call() function with non-zero return code try: subprocess.check_call([sys.executable, "-c", "import sys; sys.exit(47)"]) except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e: self.assertEqual(e.returncode, 47) else: self.fail("Expected CalledProcessError") def test_check_output(self): # check_output() function with zero return code output = subprocess.check_output( [sys.executable, "-c", "print('BDFL')"]) self.assertTrue(b'BDFL' in output) def test_check_output_nonzero(self): # check_call() function with non-zero return code try: subprocess.check_output( [sys.executable, "-c", "import sys; sys.exit(5)"]) except subprocess.CalledProcessError as e: self.assertEqual(e.returncode, 5) else: self.fail("Expected CalledProcessError") def test_check_output_stderr(self): # check_output() function stderr redirected to stdout output = subprocess.check_output( [sys.executable, "-c", "import sys; sys.stderr.write('BDFL')"], stderr=subprocess.STDOUT) self.assertTrue(b'BDFL' in output) def test_check_output_stdout_arg(self): # check_output() function stderr redirected to stdout try: output = subprocess.check_output( [sys.executable, "-c", "print('will not be run')"], stdout=sys.stdout) except ValueError as e: self.assertTrue('stdout' in e.args[0]) else: self.fail("Expected ValueError when stdout arg supplied.") def test_call_kwargs(self): # call() function with keyword args newenv = os.environ.copy() newenv["FRUIT"] = "banana" rc = subprocess.call([sys.executable, "-c", 'import sys, os;' 'sys.exit(os.getenv("FRUIT")=="banana")'], env=newenv) self.assertEqual(rc, 1) def test_stdin_none(self): # .stdin is None when not redirected p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'print("banana")'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) p.wait() self.assertEqual(p.stdin, None) def test_stdout_none(self): # .stdout is None when not redirected p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'print(" this bit of output is from a ' 'test of stdout in a different ' 'process ...")'], stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) p.wait() self.assertEqual(p.stdout, None) def test_stderr_none(self): # .stderr is None when not redirected p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'print("banana")'], stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE) p.wait() self.assertEqual(p.stderr, None) def test_executable(self): arg0 = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(sys.executable), "somethingyoudonthave") p = subprocess.Popen([arg0, "-c", "import sys; sys.exit(47)"], executable=sys.executable) p.wait() self.assertEqual(p.returncode, 47) def test_stdin_pipe(self): # stdin redirection p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'import sys; sys.exit(sys.stdin.read() == "pear")'], stdin=subprocess.PIPE) p.stdin.write(b"pear") p.stdin.close() p.wait() self.assertEqual(p.returncode, 1) def test_stdin_filedes(self): # stdin is set to open file descriptor tf = tempfile.TemporaryFile() d = tf.fileno() os.write(d, b"pear") os.lseek(d, 0, 0) p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'import sys; sys.exit(sys.stdin.read() == "pear")'], stdin=d) p.wait() self.assertEqual(p.returncode, 1) def test_stdin_fileobj(self): # stdin is set to open file object tf = tempfile.TemporaryFile() tf.write(b"pear") tf.seek(0) p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'import sys; sys.exit(sys.stdin.read() == "pear")'], stdin=tf) p.wait() self.assertEqual(p.returncode, 1) def test_stdout_pipe(self): # stdout redirection p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'import sys; sys.stdout.write("orange")'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE) self.assertEqual(p.stdout.read(), b"orange") def test_stdout_filedes(self): # stdout is set to open file descriptor tf = tempfile.TemporaryFile() d = tf.fileno() p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'import sys; sys.stdout.write("orange")'], stdout=d) p.wait() os.lseek(d, 0, 0) self.assertEqual(os.read(d, 1024), b"orange") def test_stdout_fileobj(self): # stdout is set to open file object tf = tempfile.TemporaryFile() p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'import sys; sys.stdout.write("orange")'], stdout=tf) p.wait() tf.seek(0) self.assertEqual(tf.read(), b"orange") def test_stderr_pipe(self): # stderr redirection p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'import sys; sys.stderr.write("strawberry")'], stderr=subprocess.PIPE) self.assertEqual(remove_stderr_debug_decorations(p.stderr.read()), b"strawberry") def test_stderr_filedes(self): # stderr is set to open file descriptor tf = tempfile.TemporaryFile() d = tf.fileno() p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'import sys; sys.stderr.write("strawberry")'], stderr=d) p.wait() os.lseek(d, 0, 0) self.assertEqual(remove_stderr_debug_decorations(os.read(d, 1024)), b"strawberry") def test_stderr_fileobj(self): # stderr is set to open file object tf = tempfile.TemporaryFile() p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'import sys; sys.stderr.write("strawberry")'], stderr=tf) p.wait() tf.seek(0) self.assertEqual(remove_stderr_debug_decorations(tf.read()), b"strawberry") def test_stdout_stderr_pipe(self): # capture stdout and stderr to the same pipe p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'import sys;' 'sys.stdout.write("apple");' 'sys.stdout.flush();' 'sys.stderr.write("orange")'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.STDOUT) output = p.stdout.read() stripped = remove_stderr_debug_decorations(output) self.assertEqual(stripped, b"appleorange") def test_stdout_stderr_file(self): # capture stdout and stderr to the same open file tf = tempfile.TemporaryFile() p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'import sys;' 'sys.stdout.write("apple");' 'sys.stdout.flush();' 'sys.stderr.write("orange")'], stdout=tf, stderr=tf) p.wait() tf.seek(0) output = tf.read() stripped = remove_stderr_debug_decorations(output) self.assertEqual(stripped, b"appleorange") def test_stdout_filedes_of_stdout(self): # stdout is set to 1 (#1531862). cmd = r"import sys, os; sys.exit(os.write(sys.stdout.fileno(), b'.\n'))" rc = subprocess.call([sys.executable, "-c", cmd], stdout=1) self.assertEqual(rc, 2) def test_cwd(self): tmpdir = tempfile.gettempdir() # We cannot use os.path.realpath to canonicalize the path, # since it doesn't expand Tru64 {memb} strings. See bug 1063571. cwd = os.getcwd() os.chdir(tmpdir) tmpdir = os.getcwd() os.chdir(cwd) p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'import sys,os;' 'sys.stdout.write(os.getcwd())'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, cwd=tmpdir) normcase = os.path.normcase self.assertEqual(normcase(p.stdout.read().decode("utf-8")), normcase(tmpdir)) def test_env(self): newenv = os.environ.copy() newenv["FRUIT"] = "orange" p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'import sys,os;' 'sys.stdout.write(os.getenv("FRUIT"))'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, env=newenv) self.assertEqual(p.stdout.read(), b"orange") def test_communicate_stdin(self): p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'import sys;' 'sys.exit(sys.stdin.read() == "pear")'], stdin=subprocess.PIPE) p.communicate(b"pear") self.assertEqual(p.returncode, 1) def test_communicate_stdout(self): p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'import sys; sys.stdout.write("pineapple")'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE) (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate() self.assertEqual(stdout, b"pineapple") self.assertEqual(stderr, None) def test_communicate_stderr(self): p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'import sys; sys.stderr.write("pineapple")'], stderr=subprocess.PIPE) (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate() self.assertEqual(stdout, None) # When running with a pydebug build, the # of references is outputted # to stderr, so just check if stderr at least started with "pinapple" self.assertEqual(remove_stderr_debug_decorations(stderr), b"pineapple") def test_communicate(self): p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'import sys,os;' 'sys.stderr.write("pineapple");' 'sys.stdout.write(sys.stdin.read())'], stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate(b"banana") self.assertEqual(stdout, b"banana") self.assertEqual(remove_stderr_debug_decorations(stderr), b"pineapple") # This test is Linux specific for simplicity to at least have # some coverage. It is not a platform specific bug. if os.path.isdir('/proc/%d/fd' % os.getpid()): # Test for the fd leak reported in http://bugs.python.org/issue2791. def test_communicate_pipe_fd_leak(self): fd_directory = '/proc/%d/fd' % os.getpid() num_fds_before_popen = len(os.listdir(fd_directory)) p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, '-c', 'print()'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE) p.communicate() num_fds_after_communicate = len(os.listdir(fd_directory)) del p num_fds_after_destruction = len(os.listdir(fd_directory)) self.assertEqual(num_fds_before_popen, num_fds_after_destruction) self.assertEqual(num_fds_before_popen, num_fds_after_communicate) def test_communicate_returns(self): # communicate() should return None if no redirection is active p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", "import sys; sys.exit(47)"]) (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate() self.assertEqual(stdout, None) self.assertEqual(stderr, None) def test_communicate_pipe_buf(self): # communicate() with writes larger than pipe_buf # This test will probably deadlock rather than fail, if # communicate() does not work properly. x, y = os.pipe() if mswindows: pipe_buf = 512 else: pipe_buf = os.fpathconf(x, "PC_PIPE_BUF") os.close(x) os.close(y) p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'import sys,os;' 'sys.stdout.write(sys.stdin.read(47));' 'sys.stderr.write("xyz"*%d);' 'sys.stdout.write(sys.stdin.read())' % pipe_buf], stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) string_to_write = b"abc"*pipe_buf (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate(string_to_write) self.assertEqual(stdout, string_to_write) def test_writes_before_communicate(self): # stdin.write before communicate() p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'import sys,os;' 'sys.stdout.write(sys.stdin.read())'], stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) p.stdin.write(b"banana") (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate(b"split") self.assertEqual(stdout, b"bananasplit") self.assertEqual(remove_stderr_debug_decorations(stderr), b"") def test_universal_newlines(self): p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'import sys,os;' + SETBINARY + 'sys.stdout.write("line1\\n");' 'sys.stdout.flush();' 'sys.stdout.write("line2\\n");' 'sys.stdout.flush();' 'sys.stdout.write("line3\\r\\n");' 'sys.stdout.flush();' 'sys.stdout.write("line4\\r");' 'sys.stdout.flush();' 'sys.stdout.write("\\nline5");' 'sys.stdout.flush();' 'sys.stdout.write("\\nline6");'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, universal_newlines=1) stdout = p.stdout.read() self.assertEqual(stdout, "line1\nline2\nline3\nline4\nline5\nline6") def test_universal_newlines_communicate(self): # universal newlines through communicate() p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'import sys,os;' + SETBINARY + 'sys.stdout.write("line1\\n");' 'sys.stdout.flush();' 'sys.stdout.write("line2\\n");' 'sys.stdout.flush();' 'sys.stdout.write("line3\\r\\n");' 'sys.stdout.flush();' 'sys.stdout.write("line4\\r");' 'sys.stdout.flush();' 'sys.stdout.write("\\nline5");' 'sys.stdout.flush();' 'sys.stdout.write("\\nline6");'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, universal_newlines=1) (stdout, stderr) = p.communicate() self.assertEqual(stdout, "line1\nline2\nline3\nline4\nline5\nline6") def test_no_leaking(self): # Make sure we leak no resources if not mswindows: max_handles = 1026 # too much for most UNIX systems else: max_handles = 2050 # too much for (at least some) Windows setups handles = [] try: for i in range(max_handles): try: handles.append(os.open(support.TESTFN, os.O_WRONLY | os.O_CREAT)) except OSError as e: if e.errno != errno.EMFILE: raise break else: self.skipTest("failed to reach the file descriptor limit " "(tried %d)" % max_handles) # Close a couple of them (should be enough for a subprocess) for i in range(10): os.close(handles.pop()) # Loop creating some subprocesses. If one of them leaks some fds, # the next loop iteration will fail by reaching the max fd limit. for i in range(15): p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", "import sys;" "sys.stdout.write(sys.stdin.read())"], stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) data = p.communicate(b"lime")[0] self.assertEqual(data, b"lime") finally: for h in handles: os.close(h) def test_list2cmdline(self): self.assertEqual(subprocess.list2cmdline(['a b c', 'd', 'e']), '"a b c" d e') self.assertEqual(subprocess.list2cmdline(['ab"c', '\\', 'd']), 'ab\\"c \\ d') self.assertEqual(subprocess.list2cmdline(['ab"c', ' \\', 'd']), 'ab\\"c " \\\\" d') self.assertEqual(subprocess.list2cmdline(['a\\\\\\b', 'de fg', 'h']), 'a\\\\\\b "de fg" h') self.assertEqual(subprocess.list2cmdline(['a\\"b', 'c', 'd']), 'a\\\\\\"b c d') self.assertEqual(subprocess.list2cmdline(['a\\\\b c', 'd', 'e']), '"a\\\\b c" d e') self.assertEqual(subprocess.list2cmdline(['a\\\\b\\ c', 'd', 'e']), '"a\\\\b\\ c" d e') self.assertEqual(subprocess.list2cmdline(['ab', '']), 'ab ""') def test_poll(self): p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", "import time; time.sleep(1)"]) count = 0 while p.poll() is None: time.sleep(0.1) count += 1 # We expect that the poll loop probably went around about 10 times, # but, based on system scheduling we can't control, it's possible # poll() never returned None. It "should be" very rare that it # didn't go around at least twice. self.assertTrue(count >= 2) # Subsequent invocations should just return the returncode self.assertEqual(p.poll(), 0) def test_wait(self): p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", "import time; time.sleep(2)"]) self.assertEqual(p.wait(), 0) # Subsequent invocations should just return the returncode self.assertEqual(p.wait(), 0) def test_invalid_bufsize(self): # an invalid type of the bufsize argument should raise # TypeError. try: subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", "pass"], "orange") except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("Expected TypeError") def test_bufsize_is_none(self): # bufsize=None should be the same as bufsize=0. p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", "pass"], None) self.assertEqual(p.wait(), 0) # Again with keyword arg p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", "pass"], bufsize=None) self.assertEqual(p.wait(), 0) def test_leaking_fds_on_error(self): # see bug #5179: Popen leaks file descriptors to PIPEs if # the child fails to execute; this will eventually exhaust # the maximum number of open fds. 1024 seems a very common # value for that limit, but Windows has 2048, so we loop # 1024 times (each call leaked two fds). for i in range(1024): try: subprocess.Popen(['nonexisting_i_hope'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) # Windows raises IOError except (IOError, OSError) as err: if err.errno != errno.ENOENT: # ignore "no such file" raise def test_issue8780(self): # Ensure that stdout is inherited from the parent # if stdout=PIPE is not used code = ';'.join(( 'import subprocess, sys', 'retcode = subprocess.call(' "[sys.executable, '-c', 'print(\"Hello World!\")'])", 'assert retcode == 0')) output = subprocess.check_output([sys.executable, '-c', code]) self.assertTrue(output.startswith(b'Hello World!'), ascii(output)) def test_handles_closed_on_exception(self): # If CreateProcess exits with an error, ensure the # duplicate output handles are released ifhandle, ifname = self.mkstemp() ofhandle, ofname = self.mkstemp() efhandle, efname = self.mkstemp() try: subprocess.Popen (["*"], stdin=ifhandle, stdout=ofhandle, stderr=efhandle) except OSError: os.close(ifhandle) os.remove(ifname) os.close(ofhandle) os.remove(ofname) os.close(efhandle) os.remove(efname) self.assertFalse(os.path.exists(ifname)) self.assertFalse(os.path.exists(ofname)) self.assertFalse(os.path.exists(efname)) # # POSIX tests # if not mswindows: def test_exceptions(self): # caught & re-raised exceptions try: p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", ""], cwd="/this/path/does/not/exist") except OSError as e: # The attribute child_traceback should contain "os.chdir" # somewhere. self.assertNotEqual(e.child_traceback.find("os.chdir"), -1) else: self.fail("Expected OSError") def _suppress_core_files(self): """Try to prevent core files from being created. Returns previous ulimit if successful, else None. """ if sys.platform == 'darwin': # Check if the 'Crash Reporter' on OSX was configured # in 'Developer' mode and warn that it will get triggered # when it is. # # This assumes that this context manager is used in tests # that might trigger the next manager. value = subprocess.Popen(['/usr/bin/defaults', 'read', 'com.apple.CrashReporter', 'DialogType'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE).communicate()[0] if value.strip() == b'developer': print("this tests triggers the Crash Reporter, " "that is intentional", end='') sys.stdout.flush() try: import resource old_limit = resource.getrlimit(resource.RLIMIT_CORE) resource.setrlimit(resource.RLIMIT_CORE, (0,0)) return old_limit except (ImportError, ValueError, resource.error): return None def _unsuppress_core_files(self, old_limit): """Return core file behavior to default.""" if old_limit is None: return try: import resource resource.setrlimit(resource.RLIMIT_CORE, old_limit) except (ImportError, ValueError, resource.error): return def test_run_abort(self): # returncode handles signal termination old_limit = self._suppress_core_files() try: p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", "import os; os.abort()"]) finally: self._unsuppress_core_files(old_limit) p.wait() self.assertEqual(-p.returncode, signal.SIGABRT) def test_preexec(self): # preexec function p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", 'import sys,os;' 'sys.stdout.write(os.getenv("FRUIT"))'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, preexec_fn=lambda: os.putenv("FRUIT", "apple")) self.assertEqual(p.stdout.read(), b"apple") def test_args_string(self): # args is a string fd, fname = self.mkstemp() # reopen in text mode with open(fd, "w") as fobj: fobj.write("#!/bin/sh\n") fobj.write("exec '%s' -c 'import sys; sys.exit(47)'\n" % sys.executable) os.chmod(fname, 0o700) p = subprocess.Popen(fname) p.wait() os.remove(fname) self.assertEqual(p.returncode, 47) def test_invalid_args(self): # invalid arguments should raise ValueError self.assertRaises(ValueError, subprocess.call, [sys.executable, "-c", "import sys; sys.exit(47)"], startupinfo=47) self.assertRaises(ValueError, subprocess.call, [sys.executable, "-c", "import sys; sys.exit(47)"], creationflags=47) def test_shell_sequence(self): # Run command through the shell (sequence) newenv = os.environ.copy() newenv["FRUIT"] = "apple" p = subprocess.Popen(["echo $FRUIT"], shell=1, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, env=newenv) self.assertEqual(p.stdout.read().strip(b" \t\r\n\f"), b"apple") def test_shell_string(self): # Run command through the shell (string) newenv = os.environ.copy() newenv["FRUIT"] = "apple" p = subprocess.Popen("echo $FRUIT", shell=1, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, env=newenv) self.assertEqual(p.stdout.read().strip(b" \t\r\n\f"), b"apple") def test_call_string(self): # call() function with string argument on UNIX fd, fname = self.mkstemp() # reopen in text mode with open(fd, "w") as fobj: fobj.write("#!/bin/sh\n") fobj.write("exec '%s' -c 'import sys; sys.exit(47)'\n" % sys.executable) os.chmod(fname, 0o700) rc = subprocess.call(fname) os.remove(fname) self.assertEqual(rc, 47) def test_specific_shell(self): # Issue #9265: Incorrect name passed as arg[0]. shells = [] for prefix in ['/bin', '/usr/bin/', '/usr/local/bin']: for name in ['bash', 'ksh']: sh = os.path.join(prefix, name) if os.path.isfile(sh): shells.append(sh) if not shells: # Will probably work for any shell but csh. self.skipTest("bash or ksh required for this test") sh = '/bin/sh' if os.path.isfile(sh) and not os.path.islink(sh): # Test will fail if /bin/sh is a symlink to csh. shells.append(sh) for sh in shells: p = subprocess.Popen("echo $0", executable=sh, shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE) self.assertEqual(p.stdout.read().strip(), bytes(sh, 'ascii')) def DISABLED_test_send_signal(self): p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", "input()"]) self.assertTrue(p.poll() is None, p.poll()) p.send_signal(signal.SIGINT) self.assertNotEqual(p.wait(), 0) def DISABLED_test_kill(self): p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", "input()"]) self.assertTrue(p.poll() is None, p.poll()) p.kill() self.assertEqual(p.wait(), -signal.SIGKILL) def DISABLED_test_terminate(self): p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", "input()"]) self.assertTrue(p.poll() is None, p.poll()) p.terminate() self.assertEqual(p.wait(), -signal.SIGTERM) def test_undecodable_env(self): for key, value in (('test', 'abc\uDCFF'), ('test\uDCFF', '42')): value_repr = ascii(value).encode("ascii") # test str with surrogates script = "import os; print(ascii(os.getenv(%s)))" % repr(key) env = os.environ.copy() env[key] = value # Force surrogate-escaping of \xFF in the child process; # otherwise it can be decoded as-is if the default locale # is latin-1. env['PYTHONFSENCODING'] = 'ascii' stdout = subprocess.check_output( [sys.executable, "-c", script], env=env) stdout = stdout.rstrip(b'\n\r') self.assertEqual(stdout, value_repr) # test bytes key = key.encode("ascii", "surrogateescape") value = value.encode("ascii", "surrogateescape") script = "import os; print(ascii(os.getenv(%s)))" % repr(key) env = os.environ.copy() env[key] = value stdout = subprocess.check_output( [sys.executable, "-c", script], env=env) stdout = stdout.rstrip(b'\n\r') self.assertEqual(stdout, value_repr) def test_wait_when_sigchild_ignored(self): # NOTE: sigchild_ignore.py may not be an effective test on all OSes. sigchild_ignore = support.findfile("sigchild_ignore.py", subdir="subprocessdata") p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, sigchild_ignore], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) stdout, stderr = p.communicate() self.assertEqual(0, p.returncode, "sigchild_ignore.py exited" " non-zero with this error:\n%s" % stderr.decode('utf8')) # # Windows tests # if mswindows: def test_startupinfo(self): # startupinfo argument # We uses hardcoded constants, because we do not want to # depend on win32all. STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW = 1 SW_MAXIMIZE = 3 startupinfo = subprocess.STARTUPINFO() startupinfo.dwFlags = STARTF_USESHOWWINDOW startupinfo.wShowWindow = SW_MAXIMIZE # Since Python is a console process, it won't be affected # by wShowWindow, but the argument should be silently # ignored subprocess.call([sys.executable, "-c", "import sys; sys.exit(0)"], startupinfo=startupinfo) def test_creationflags(self): # creationflags argument CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE = 16 sys.stderr.write(" a DOS box should flash briefly ...\n") subprocess.call(sys.executable + ' -c "import time; time.sleep(0.25)"', creationflags=CREATE_NEW_CONSOLE) def test_invalid_args(self): # invalid arguments should raise ValueError self.assertRaises(ValueError, subprocess.call, [sys.executable, "-c", "import sys; sys.exit(47)"], preexec_fn=lambda: 1) self.assertRaises(ValueError, subprocess.call, [sys.executable, "-c", "import sys; sys.exit(47)"], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, close_fds=True) def test_close_fds(self): # close file descriptors rc = subprocess.call([sys.executable, "-c", "import sys; sys.exit(47)"], close_fds=True) self.assertEqual(rc, 47) def test_shell_sequence(self): # Run command through the shell (sequence) newenv = os.environ.copy() newenv["FRUIT"] = "physalis" p = subprocess.Popen(["set"], shell=1, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, env=newenv) self.assertNotEqual(p.stdout.read().find(b"physalis"), -1) def test_shell_string(self): # Run command through the shell (string) newenv = os.environ.copy() newenv["FRUIT"] = "physalis" p = subprocess.Popen("set", shell=1, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, env=newenv) self.assertNotEqual(p.stdout.read().find(b"physalis"), -1) def test_call_string(self): # call() function with string argument on Windows rc = subprocess.call(sys.executable + ' -c "import sys; sys.exit(47)"') self.assertEqual(rc, 47) def DISABLED_test_send_signal(self): p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", "input()"]) self.assertTrue(p.poll() is None, p.poll()) p.send_signal(signal.SIGTERM) self.assertNotEqual(p.wait(), 0) def DISABLED_test_kill(self): p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", "input()"]) self.assertTrue(p.poll() is None, p.poll()) p.kill() self.assertNotEqual(p.wait(), 0) def DISABLED_test_terminate(self): p = subprocess.Popen([sys.executable, "-c", "input()"]) self.assertTrue(p.poll() is None, p.poll()) p.terminate() self.assertNotEqual(p.wait(), 0) class CommandTests(unittest.TestCase): # The module says: # "NB This only works (and is only relevant) for UNIX." # # Actually, getoutput should work on any platform with an os.popen, but # I'll take the comment as given, and skip this suite. if os.name == 'posix': def test_getoutput(self): self.assertEqual(subprocess.getoutput('echo xyzzy'), 'xyzzy') self.assertEqual(subprocess.getstatusoutput('echo xyzzy'), (0, 'xyzzy')) # we use mkdtemp in the next line to create an empty directory # under our exclusive control; from that, we can invent a pathname # that we _know_ won't exist. This is guaranteed to fail. dir = None try: dir = tempfile.mkdtemp() name = os.path.join(dir, "foo") status, output = subprocess.getstatusoutput('cat ' + name) self.assertNotEqual(status, 0) finally: if dir is not None: os.rmdir(dir) unit_tests = [ProcessTestCase, CommandTests] if mswindows: class CommandsWithSpaces (BaseTestCase): def setUp(self): super().setUp() f, fname = self.mkstemp(".py", "te st") self.fname = fname.lower () os.write(f, b"import sys;" b"sys.stdout.write('%d %s' % (len(sys.argv), [a.lower () for a in sys.argv]))" ) os.close(f) def tearDown(self): os.remove(self.fname) super().tearDown() def with_spaces(self, *args, **kwargs): kwargs['stdout'] = subprocess.PIPE p = subprocess.Popen(*args, **kwargs) self.assertEqual( p.stdout.read ().decode("mbcs"), "2 [%r, 'ab cd']" % self.fname ) def test_shell_string_with_spaces(self): # call() function with string argument with spaces on Windows self.with_spaces('"%s" "%s" "%s"' % (sys.executable, self.fname, "ab cd"), shell=1) def test_shell_sequence_with_spaces(self): # call() function with sequence argument with spaces on Windows self.with_spaces([sys.executable, self.fname, "ab cd"], shell=1) def test_noshell_string_with_spaces(self): # call() function with string argument with spaces on Windows self.with_spaces('"%s" "%s" "%s"' % (sys.executable, self.fname, "ab cd")) def test_noshell_sequence_with_spaces(self): # call() function with sequence argument with spaces on Windows self.with_spaces([sys.executable, self.fname, "ab cd"]) unit_tests.append(CommandsWithSpaces) if getattr(subprocess, '_has_poll', False): class ProcessTestCaseNoPoll(ProcessTestCase): def setUp(self): subprocess._has_poll = False ProcessTestCase.setUp(self) def tearDown(self): subprocess._has_poll = True ProcessTestCase.tearDown(self) unit_tests.append(ProcessTestCaseNoPoll) class HelperFunctionTests(unittest.TestCase): @unittest.skipIf(mswindows, "errno and EINTR make no sense on windows") def test_eintr_retry_call(self): record_calls = [] def fake_os_func(*args): record_calls.append(args) if len(record_calls) == 2: raise OSError(errno.EINTR, "fake interrupted system call") return tuple(reversed(args)) self.assertEqual((999, 256), subprocess._eintr_retry_call(fake_os_func, 256, 999)) self.assertEqual([(256, 999)], record_calls) # This time there will be an EINTR so it will loop once. self.assertEqual((666,), subprocess._eintr_retry_call(fake_os_func, 666)) self.assertEqual([(256, 999), (666,), (666,)], record_calls) unit_tests.append(HelperFunctionTests) def test_main(): support.run_unittest(*unit_tests) support.reap_children() if __name__ == "__main__": test_main()