import builtins import copyreg import gc import itertools import math import pickle import sys import types import unittest import weakref from copy import deepcopy from test import support class OperatorsTest(unittest.TestCase): def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): unittest.TestCase.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs) self.binops = { 'add': '+', 'sub': '-', 'mul': '*', 'matmul': '@', 'truediv': '/', 'floordiv': '//', 'divmod': 'divmod', 'pow': '**', 'lshift': '<<', 'rshift': '>>', 'and': '&', 'xor': '^', 'or': '|', 'cmp': 'cmp', 'lt': '<', 'le': '<=', 'eq': '==', 'ne': '!=', 'gt': '>', 'ge': '>=', } for name, expr in list(self.binops.items()): if expr.islower(): expr = expr + "(a, b)" else: expr = 'a %s b' % expr self.binops[name] = expr self.unops = { 'pos': '+', 'neg': '-', 'abs': 'abs', 'invert': '~', 'int': 'int', 'float': 'float', } for name, expr in list(self.unops.items()): if expr.islower(): expr = expr + "(a)" else: expr = '%s a' % expr self.unops[name] = expr def unop_test(self, a, res, expr="len(a)", meth="__len__"): d = {'a': a} self.assertEqual(eval(expr, d), res) t = type(a) m = getattr(t, meth) # Find method in parent class while meth not in t.__dict__: t = t.__bases__[0] # in some implementations (e.g. PyPy), 'm' can be a regular unbound # method object; the getattr() below obtains its underlying function. self.assertEqual(getattr(m, 'im_func', m), t.__dict__[meth]) self.assertEqual(m(a), res) bm = getattr(a, meth) self.assertEqual(bm(), res) def binop_test(self, a, b, res, expr="a+b", meth="__add__"): d = {'a': a, 'b': b} self.assertEqual(eval(expr, d), res) t = type(a) m = getattr(t, meth) while meth not in t.__dict__: t = t.__bases__[0] # in some implementations (e.g. PyPy), 'm' can be a regular unbound # method object; the getattr() below obtains its underlying function. self.assertEqual(getattr(m, 'im_func', m), t.__dict__[meth]) self.assertEqual(m(a, b), res) bm = getattr(a, meth) self.assertEqual(bm(b), res) def sliceop_test(self, a, b, c, res, expr="a[b:c]", meth="__getitem__"): d = {'a': a, 'b': b, 'c': c} self.assertEqual(eval(expr, d), res) t = type(a) m = getattr(t, meth) while meth not in t.__dict__: t = t.__bases__[0] # in some implementations (e.g. PyPy), 'm' can be a regular unbound # method object; the getattr() below obtains its underlying function. self.assertEqual(getattr(m, 'im_func', m), t.__dict__[meth]) self.assertEqual(m(a, slice(b, c)), res) bm = getattr(a, meth) self.assertEqual(bm(slice(b, c)), res) def setop_test(self, a, b, res, stmt="a+=b", meth="__iadd__"): d = {'a': deepcopy(a), 'b': b} exec(stmt, d) self.assertEqual(d['a'], res) t = type(a) m = getattr(t, meth) while meth not in t.__dict__: t = t.__bases__[0] # in some implementations (e.g. PyPy), 'm' can be a regular unbound # method object; the getattr() below obtains its underlying function. self.assertEqual(getattr(m, 'im_func', m), t.__dict__[meth]) d['a'] = deepcopy(a) m(d['a'], b) self.assertEqual(d['a'], res) d['a'] = deepcopy(a) bm = getattr(d['a'], meth) bm(b) self.assertEqual(d['a'], res) def set2op_test(self, a, b, c, res, stmt="a[b]=c", meth="__setitem__"): d = {'a': deepcopy(a), 'b': b, 'c': c} exec(stmt, d) self.assertEqual(d['a'], res) t = type(a) m = getattr(t, meth) while meth not in t.__dict__: t = t.__bases__[0] # in some implementations (e.g. PyPy), 'm' can be a regular unbound # method object; the getattr() below obtains its underlying function. self.assertEqual(getattr(m, 'im_func', m), t.__dict__[meth]) d['a'] = deepcopy(a) m(d['a'], b, c) self.assertEqual(d['a'], res) d['a'] = deepcopy(a) bm = getattr(d['a'], meth) bm(b, c) self.assertEqual(d['a'], res) def setsliceop_test(self, a, b, c, d, res, stmt="a[b:c]=d", meth="__setitem__"): dictionary = {'a': deepcopy(a), 'b': b, 'c': c, 'd': d} exec(stmt, dictionary) self.assertEqual(dictionary['a'], res) t = type(a) while meth not in t.__dict__: t = t.__bases__[0] m = getattr(t, meth) # in some implementations (e.g. PyPy), 'm' can be a regular unbound # method object; the getattr() below obtains its underlying function. self.assertEqual(getattr(m, 'im_func', m), t.__dict__[meth]) dictionary['a'] = deepcopy(a) m(dictionary['a'], slice(b, c), d) self.assertEqual(dictionary['a'], res) dictionary['a'] = deepcopy(a) bm = getattr(dictionary['a'], meth) bm(slice(b, c), d) self.assertEqual(dictionary['a'], res) def test_lists(self): # Testing list operations... # Asserts are within individual test methods self.binop_test([1], [2], [1,2], "a+b", "__add__") self.binop_test([1,2,3], 2, 1, "b in a", "__contains__") self.binop_test([1,2,3], 4, 0, "b in a", "__contains__") self.binop_test([1,2,3], 1, 2, "a[b]", "__getitem__") self.sliceop_test([1,2,3], 0, 2, [1,2], "a[b:c]", "__getitem__") self.setop_test([1], [2], [1,2], "a+=b", "__iadd__") self.setop_test([1,2], 3, [1,2,1,2,1,2], "a*=b", "__imul__") self.unop_test([1,2,3], 3, "len(a)", "__len__") self.binop_test([1,2], 3, [1,2,1,2,1,2], "a*b", "__mul__") self.binop_test([1,2], 3, [1,2,1,2,1,2], "b*a", "__rmul__") self.set2op_test([1,2], 1, 3, [1,3], "a[b]=c", "__setitem__") self.setsliceop_test([1,2,3,4], 1, 3, [5,6], [1,5,6,4], "a[b:c]=d", "__setitem__") def test_dicts(self): # Testing dict operations... self.binop_test({1:2,3:4}, 1, 1, "b in a", "__contains__") self.binop_test({1:2,3:4}, 2, 0, "b in a", "__contains__") self.binop_test({1:2,3:4}, 1, 2, "a[b]", "__getitem__") d = {1:2, 3:4} l1 = [] for i in list(d.keys()): l1.append(i) l = [] for i in iter(d): l.append(i) self.assertEqual(l, l1) l = [] for i in d.__iter__(): l.append(i) self.assertEqual(l, l1) l = [] for i in dict.__iter__(d): l.append(i) self.assertEqual(l, l1) d = {1:2, 3:4} self.unop_test(d, 2, "len(a)", "__len__") self.assertEqual(eval(repr(d), {}), d) self.assertEqual(eval(d.__repr__(), {}), d) self.set2op_test({1:2,3:4}, 2, 3, {1:2,2:3,3:4}, "a[b]=c", "__setitem__") # Tests for unary and binary operators def number_operators(self, a, b, skip=[]): dict = {'a': a, 'b': b} for name, expr in self.binops.items(): if name not in skip: name = "__%s__" % name if hasattr(a, name): res = eval(expr, dict) self.binop_test(a, b, res, expr, name) for name, expr in list(self.unops.items()): if name not in skip: name = "__%s__" % name if hasattr(a, name): res = eval(expr, dict) self.unop_test(a, res, expr, name) def test_ints(self): # Testing int operations... self.number_operators(100, 3) # The following crashes in Python 2.2 self.assertEqual((1).__bool__(), 1) self.assertEqual((0).__bool__(), 0) # This returns 'NotImplemented' in Python 2.2 class C(int): def __add__(self, other): return NotImplemented self.assertEqual(C(5), 5) try: C() + "" except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("NotImplemented should have caused TypeError") def test_floats(self): # Testing float operations... self.number_operators(100.0, 3.0) def test_complexes(self): # Testing complex operations... self.number_operators(100.0j, 3.0j, skip=['lt', 'le', 'gt', 'ge', 'int', 'float', 'floordiv', 'divmod', 'mod']) class Number(complex): __slots__ = ['prec'] def __new__(cls, *args, **kwds): result = complex.__new__(cls, *args) result.prec = kwds.get('prec', 12) return result def __repr__(self): prec = self.prec if self.imag == 0.0: return "%.*g" % (prec, self.real) if self.real == 0.0: return "%.*gj" % (prec, self.imag) return "(%.*g+%.*gj)" % (prec, self.real, prec, self.imag) __str__ = __repr__ a = Number(3.14, prec=6) self.assertEqual(repr(a), "3.14") self.assertEqual(a.prec, 6) a = Number(a, prec=2) self.assertEqual(repr(a), "3.1") self.assertEqual(a.prec, 2) a = Number(234.5) self.assertEqual(repr(a), "234.5") self.assertEqual(a.prec, 12) def test_explicit_reverse_methods(self): # see issue 9930 self.assertEqual(complex.__radd__(3j, 4.0), complex(4.0, 3.0)) self.assertEqual(float.__rsub__(3.0, 1), -2.0) @support.impl_detail("the module 'xxsubtype' is internal") def test_spam_lists(self): # Testing spamlist operations... import copy, xxsubtype as spam def spamlist(l, memo=None): import xxsubtype as spam return spam.spamlist(l) # This is an ugly hack: copy._deepcopy_dispatch[spam.spamlist] = spamlist self.binop_test(spamlist([1]), spamlist([2]), spamlist([1,2]), "a+b", "__add__") self.binop_test(spamlist([1,2,3]), 2, 1, "b in a", "__contains__") self.binop_test(spamlist([1,2,3]), 4, 0, "b in a", "__contains__") self.binop_test(spamlist([1,2,3]), 1, 2, "a[b]", "__getitem__") self.sliceop_test(spamlist([1,2,3]), 0, 2, spamlist([1,2]), "a[b:c]", "__getitem__") self.setop_test(spamlist([1]), spamlist([2]), spamlist([1,2]), "a+=b", "__iadd__") self.setop_test(spamlist([1,2]), 3, spamlist([1,2,1,2,1,2]), "a*=b", "__imul__") self.unop_test(spamlist([1,2,3]), 3, "len(a)", "__len__") self.binop_test(spamlist([1,2]), 3, spamlist([1,2,1,2,1,2]), "a*b", "__mul__") self.binop_test(spamlist([1,2]), 3, spamlist([1,2,1,2,1,2]), "b*a", "__rmul__") self.set2op_test(spamlist([1,2]), 1, 3, spamlist([1,3]), "a[b]=c", "__setitem__") self.setsliceop_test(spamlist([1,2,3,4]), 1, 3, spamlist([5,6]), spamlist([1,5,6,4]), "a[b:c]=d", "__setitem__") # Test subclassing class C(spam.spamlist): def foo(self): return 1 a = C() self.assertEqual(a, []) self.assertEqual(a.foo(), 1) a.append(100) self.assertEqual(a, [100]) self.assertEqual(a.getstate(), 0) a.setstate(42) self.assertEqual(a.getstate(), 42) @support.impl_detail("the module 'xxsubtype' is internal") def test_spam_dicts(self): # Testing spamdict operations... import copy, xxsubtype as spam def spamdict(d, memo=None): import xxsubtype as spam sd = spam.spamdict() for k, v in list(d.items()): sd[k] = v return sd # This is an ugly hack: copy._deepcopy_dispatch[spam.spamdict] = spamdict self.binop_test(spamdict({1:2,3:4}), 1, 1, "b in a", "__contains__") self.binop_test(spamdict({1:2,3:4}), 2, 0, "b in a", "__contains__") self.binop_test(spamdict({1:2,3:4}), 1, 2, "a[b]", "__getitem__") d = spamdict({1:2,3:4}) l1 = [] for i in list(d.keys()): l1.append(i) l = [] for i in iter(d): l.append(i) self.assertEqual(l, l1) l = [] for i in d.__iter__(): l.append(i) self.assertEqual(l, l1) l = [] for i in type(spamdict({})).__iter__(d): l.append(i) self.assertEqual(l, l1) straightd = {1:2, 3:4} spamd = spamdict(straightd) self.unop_test(spamd, 2, "len(a)", "__len__") self.unop_test(spamd, repr(straightd), "repr(a)", "__repr__") self.set2op_test(spamdict({1:2,3:4}), 2, 3, spamdict({1:2,2:3,3:4}), "a[b]=c", "__setitem__") # Test subclassing class C(spam.spamdict): def foo(self): return 1 a = C() self.assertEqual(list(a.items()), []) self.assertEqual(a.foo(), 1) a['foo'] = 'bar' self.assertEqual(list(a.items()), [('foo', 'bar')]) self.assertEqual(a.getstate(), 0) a.setstate(100) self.assertEqual(a.getstate(), 100) class ClassPropertiesAndMethods(unittest.TestCase): def assertHasAttr(self, obj, name): self.assertTrue(hasattr(obj, name), '%r has no attribute %r' % (obj, name)) def assertNotHasAttr(self, obj, name): self.assertFalse(hasattr(obj, name), '%r has unexpected attribute %r' % (obj, name)) def test_python_dicts(self): # Testing Python subclass of dict... self.assertTrue(issubclass(dict, dict)) self.assertIsInstance({}, dict) d = dict() self.assertEqual(d, {}) self.assertIs(d.__class__, dict) self.assertIsInstance(d, dict) class C(dict): state = -1 def __init__(self_local, *a, **kw): if a: self.assertEqual(len(a), 1) self_local.state = a[0] if kw: for k, v in list(kw.items()): self_local[v] = k def __getitem__(self, key): return self.get(key, 0) def __setitem__(self_local, key, value): self.assertIsInstance(key, type(0)) dict.__setitem__(self_local, key, value) def setstate(self, state): self.state = state def getstate(self): return self.state self.assertTrue(issubclass(C, dict)) a1 = C(12) self.assertEqual(a1.state, 12) a2 = C(foo=1, bar=2) self.assertEqual(a2[1] == 'foo' and a2[2], 'bar') a = C() self.assertEqual(a.state, -1) self.assertEqual(a.getstate(), -1) a.setstate(0) self.assertEqual(a.state, 0) self.assertEqual(a.getstate(), 0) a.setstate(10) self.assertEqual(a.state, 10) self.assertEqual(a.getstate(), 10) self.assertEqual(a[42], 0) a[42] = 24 self.assertEqual(a[42], 24) N = 50 for i in range(N): a[i] = C() for j in range(N): a[i][j] = i*j for i in range(N): for j in range(N): self.assertEqual(a[i][j], i*j) def test_python_lists(self): # Testing Python subclass of list... class C(list): def __getitem__(self, i): if isinstance(i, slice): return i.start, i.stop return list.__getitem__(self, i) + 100 a = C() a.extend([0,1,2]) self.assertEqual(a[0], 100) self.assertEqual(a[1], 101) self.assertEqual(a[2], 102) self.assertEqual(a[100:200], (100,200)) def test_metaclass(self): # Testing metaclasses... class C(metaclass=type): def __init__(self): self.__state = 0 def getstate(self): return self.__state def setstate(self, state): self.__state = state a = C() self.assertEqual(a.getstate(), 0) a.setstate(10) self.assertEqual(a.getstate(), 10) class _metaclass(type): def myself(cls): return cls class D(metaclass=_metaclass): pass self.assertEqual(D.myself(), D) d = D() self.assertEqual(d.__class__, D) class M1(type): def __new__(cls, name, bases, dict): dict['__spam__'] = 1 return type.__new__(cls, name, bases, dict) class C(metaclass=M1): pass self.assertEqual(C.__spam__, 1) c = C() self.assertEqual(c.__spam__, 1) class _instance(object): pass class M2(object): @staticmethod def __new__(cls, name, bases, dict): self = object.__new__(cls) self.name = name self.bases = bases self.dict = dict return self def __call__(self): it = _instance() # Early binding of methods for key in self.dict: if key.startswith("__"): continue setattr(it, key, self.dict[key].__get__(it, self)) return it class C(metaclass=M2): def spam(self): return 42 self.assertEqual(C.name, 'C') self.assertEqual(C.bases, ()) self.assertIn('spam', C.dict) c = C() self.assertEqual(c.spam(), 42) # More metaclass examples class autosuper(type): # Automatically add __super to the class # This trick only works for dynamic classes def __new__(metaclass, name, bases, dict): cls = super(autosuper, metaclass).__new__(metaclass, name, bases, dict) # Name mangling for __super removes leading underscores while name[:1] == "_": name = name[1:] if name: name = "_%s__super" % name else: name = "__super" setattr(cls, name, super(cls)) return cls class A(metaclass=autosuper): def meth(self): return "A" class B(A): def meth(self): return "B" + self.__super.meth() class C(A): def meth(self): return "C" + self.__super.meth() class D(C, B): def meth(self): return "D" + self.__super.meth() self.assertEqual(D().meth(), "DCBA") class E(B, C): def meth(self): return "E" + self.__super.meth() self.assertEqual(E().meth(), "EBCA") class autoproperty(type): # Automatically create property attributes when methods # named _get_x and/or _set_x are found def __new__(metaclass, name, bases, dict): hits = {} for key, val in dict.items(): if key.startswith("_get_"): key = key[5:] get, set = hits.get(key, (None, None)) get = val hits[key] = get, set elif key.startswith("_set_"): key = key[5:] get, set = hits.get(key, (None, None)) set = val hits[key] = get, set for key, (get, set) in hits.items(): dict[key] = property(get, set) return super(autoproperty, metaclass).__new__(metaclass, name, bases, dict) class A(metaclass=autoproperty): def _get_x(self): return -self.__x def _set_x(self, x): self.__x = -x a = A() self.assertNotHasAttr(a, "x") a.x = 12 self.assertEqual(a.x, 12) self.assertEqual(a._A__x, -12) class multimetaclass(autoproperty, autosuper): # Merge of multiple cooperating metaclasses pass class A(metaclass=multimetaclass): def _get_x(self): return "A" class B(A): def _get_x(self): return "B" + self.__super._get_x() class C(A): def _get_x(self): return "C" + self.__super._get_x() class D(C, B): def _get_x(self): return "D" + self.__super._get_x() self.assertEqual(D().x, "DCBA") # Make sure type(x) doesn't call x.__class__.__init__ class T(type): counter = 0 def __init__(self, *args): T.counter += 1 class C(metaclass=T): pass self.assertEqual(T.counter, 1) a = C() self.assertEqual(type(a), C) self.assertEqual(T.counter, 1) class C(object): pass c = C() try: c() except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("calling object w/o call method should raise " "TypeError") # Testing code to find most derived baseclass class A(type): def __new__(*args, **kwargs): return type.__new__(*args, **kwargs) class B(object): pass class C(object, metaclass=A): pass # The most derived metaclass of D is A rather than type. class D(B, C): pass self.assertIs(A, type(D)) # issue1294232: correct metaclass calculation new_calls = [] # to check the order of __new__ calls class AMeta(type): @staticmethod def __new__(mcls, name, bases, ns): new_calls.append('AMeta') return super().__new__(mcls, name, bases, ns) @classmethod def __prepare__(mcls, name, bases): return {} class BMeta(AMeta): @staticmethod def __new__(mcls, name, bases, ns): new_calls.append('BMeta') return super().__new__(mcls, name, bases, ns) @classmethod def __prepare__(mcls, name, bases): ns = super().__prepare__(name, bases) ns['BMeta_was_here'] = True return ns class A(metaclass=AMeta): pass self.assertEqual(['AMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() class B(metaclass=BMeta): pass # BMeta.__new__ calls AMeta.__new__ with super: self.assertEqual(['BMeta', 'AMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() class C(A, B): pass # The most derived metaclass is BMeta: self.assertEqual(['BMeta', 'AMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() # BMeta.__prepare__ should've been called: self.assertIn('BMeta_was_here', C.__dict__) # The order of the bases shouldn't matter: class C2(B, A): pass self.assertEqual(['BMeta', 'AMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() self.assertIn('BMeta_was_here', C2.__dict__) # Check correct metaclass calculation when a metaclass is declared: class D(C, metaclass=type): pass self.assertEqual(['BMeta', 'AMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() self.assertIn('BMeta_was_here', D.__dict__) class E(C, metaclass=AMeta): pass self.assertEqual(['BMeta', 'AMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() self.assertIn('BMeta_was_here', E.__dict__) # Special case: the given metaclass isn't a class, # so there is no metaclass calculation. marker = object() def func(*args, **kwargs): return marker class X(metaclass=func): pass class Y(object, metaclass=func): pass class Z(D, metaclass=func): pass self.assertIs(marker, X) self.assertIs(marker, Y) self.assertIs(marker, Z) # The given metaclass is a class, # but not a descendant of type. prepare_calls = [] # to track __prepare__ calls class ANotMeta: def __new__(mcls, *args, **kwargs): new_calls.append('ANotMeta') return super().__new__(mcls) @classmethod def __prepare__(mcls, name, bases): prepare_calls.append('ANotMeta') return {} class BNotMeta(ANotMeta): def __new__(mcls, *args, **kwargs): new_calls.append('BNotMeta') return super().__new__(mcls) @classmethod def __prepare__(mcls, name, bases): prepare_calls.append('BNotMeta') return super().__prepare__(name, bases) class A(metaclass=ANotMeta): pass self.assertIs(ANotMeta, type(A)) self.assertEqual(['ANotMeta'], prepare_calls) prepare_calls.clear() self.assertEqual(['ANotMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() class B(metaclass=BNotMeta): pass self.assertIs(BNotMeta, type(B)) self.assertEqual(['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'], prepare_calls) prepare_calls.clear() self.assertEqual(['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() class C(A, B): pass self.assertIs(BNotMeta, type(C)) self.assertEqual(['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() self.assertEqual(['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'], prepare_calls) prepare_calls.clear() class C2(B, A): pass self.assertIs(BNotMeta, type(C2)) self.assertEqual(['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() self.assertEqual(['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'], prepare_calls) prepare_calls.clear() # This is a TypeError, because of a metaclass conflict: # BNotMeta is neither a subclass, nor a superclass of type with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class D(C, metaclass=type): pass class E(C, metaclass=ANotMeta): pass self.assertIs(BNotMeta, type(E)) self.assertEqual(['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() self.assertEqual(['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'], prepare_calls) prepare_calls.clear() class F(object(), C): pass self.assertIs(BNotMeta, type(F)) self.assertEqual(['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() self.assertEqual(['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'], prepare_calls) prepare_calls.clear() class F2(C, object()): pass self.assertIs(BNotMeta, type(F2)) self.assertEqual(['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'], new_calls) new_calls.clear() self.assertEqual(['BNotMeta', 'ANotMeta'], prepare_calls) prepare_calls.clear() # TypeError: BNotMeta is neither a # subclass, nor a superclass of int with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class X(C, int()): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class X(int(), C): pass def test_module_subclasses(self): # Testing Python subclass of module... log = [] MT = type(sys) class MM(MT): def __init__(self, name): MT.__init__(self, name) def __getattribute__(self, name): log.append(("getattr", name)) return MT.__getattribute__(self, name) def __setattr__(self, name, value): log.append(("setattr", name, value)) MT.__setattr__(self, name, value) def __delattr__(self, name): log.append(("delattr", name)) MT.__delattr__(self, name) a = MM("a") a.foo = 12 x = a.foo del a.foo self.assertEqual(log, [("setattr", "foo", 12), ("getattr", "foo"), ("delattr", "foo")]) # http://python.org/sf/1174712 try: class Module(types.ModuleType, str): pass except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("inheriting from ModuleType and str at the same time " "should fail") def test_multiple_inheritance(self): # Testing multiple inheritance... class C(object): def __init__(self): self.__state = 0 def getstate(self): return self.__state def setstate(self, state): self.__state = state a = C() self.assertEqual(a.getstate(), 0) a.setstate(10) self.assertEqual(a.getstate(), 10) class D(dict, C): def __init__(self): type({}).__init__(self) C.__init__(self) d = D() self.assertEqual(list(d.keys()), []) d["hello"] = "world" self.assertEqual(list(d.items()), [("hello", "world")]) self.assertEqual(d["hello"], "world") self.assertEqual(d.getstate(), 0) d.setstate(10) self.assertEqual(d.getstate(), 10) self.assertEqual(D.__mro__, (D, dict, C, object)) # SF bug #442833 class Node(object): def __int__(self): return int(self.foo()) def foo(self): return "23" class Frag(Node, list): def foo(self): return "42" self.assertEqual(Node().__int__(), 23) self.assertEqual(int(Node()), 23) self.assertEqual(Frag().__int__(), 42) self.assertEqual(int(Frag()), 42) def test_diamond_inheritence(self): # Testing multiple inheritance special cases... class A(object): def spam(self): return "A" self.assertEqual(A().spam(), "A") class B(A): def boo(self): return "B" def spam(self): return "B" self.assertEqual(B().spam(), "B") self.assertEqual(B().boo(), "B") class C(A): def boo(self): return "C" self.assertEqual(C().spam(), "A") self.assertEqual(C().boo(), "C") class D(B, C): pass self.assertEqual(D().spam(), "B") self.assertEqual(D().boo(), "B") self.assertEqual(D.__mro__, (D, B, C, A, object)) class E(C, B): pass self.assertEqual(E().spam(), "B") self.assertEqual(E().boo(), "C") self.assertEqual(E.__mro__, (E, C, B, A, object)) # MRO order disagreement try: class F(D, E): pass except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("expected MRO order disagreement (F)") try: class G(E, D): pass except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("expected MRO order disagreement (G)") # see thread python-dev/2002-October/029035.html def test_ex5_from_c3_switch(self): # Testing ex5 from C3 switch discussion... class A(object): pass class B(object): pass class C(object): pass class X(A): pass class Y(A): pass class Z(X,B,Y,C): pass self.assertEqual(Z.__mro__, (Z, X, B, Y, A, C, object)) # see "A Monotonic Superclass Linearization for Dylan", # by Kim Barrett et al. (OOPSLA 1996) def test_monotonicity(self): # Testing MRO monotonicity... class Boat(object): pass class DayBoat(Boat): pass class WheelBoat(Boat): pass class EngineLess(DayBoat): pass class SmallMultihull(DayBoat): pass class PedalWheelBoat(EngineLess,WheelBoat): pass class SmallCatamaran(SmallMultihull): pass class Pedalo(PedalWheelBoat,SmallCatamaran): pass self.assertEqual(PedalWheelBoat.__mro__, (PedalWheelBoat, EngineLess, DayBoat, WheelBoat, Boat, object)) self.assertEqual(SmallCatamaran.__mro__, (SmallCatamaran, SmallMultihull, DayBoat, Boat, object)) self.assertEqual(Pedalo.__mro__, (Pedalo, PedalWheelBoat, EngineLess, SmallCatamaran, SmallMultihull, DayBoat, WheelBoat, Boat, object)) # see "A Monotonic Superclass Linearization for Dylan", # by Kim Barrett et al. (OOPSLA 1996) def test_consistency_with_epg(self): # Testing consistency with EPG... class Pane(object): pass class ScrollingMixin(object): pass class EditingMixin(object): pass class ScrollablePane(Pane,ScrollingMixin): pass class EditablePane(Pane,EditingMixin): pass class EditableScrollablePane(ScrollablePane,EditablePane): pass self.assertEqual(EditableScrollablePane.__mro__, (EditableScrollablePane, ScrollablePane, EditablePane, Pane, ScrollingMixin, EditingMixin, object)) def test_mro_disagreement(self): # Testing error messages for MRO disagreement... mro_err_msg = """Cannot create a consistent method resolution order (MRO) for bases """ def raises(exc, expected, callable, *args): try: callable(*args) except exc as msg: # the exact msg is generally considered an impl detail if support.check_impl_detail(): if not str(msg).startswith(expected): self.fail("Message %r, expected %r" % (str(msg), expected)) else: self.fail("Expected %s" % exc) class A(object): pass class B(A): pass class C(object): pass # Test some very simple errors raises(TypeError, "duplicate base class A", type, "X", (A, A), {}) raises(TypeError, mro_err_msg, type, "X", (A, B), {}) raises(TypeError, mro_err_msg, type, "X", (A, C, B), {}) # Test a slightly more complex error class GridLayout(object): pass class HorizontalGrid(GridLayout): pass class VerticalGrid(GridLayout): pass class HVGrid(HorizontalGrid, VerticalGrid): pass class VHGrid(VerticalGrid, HorizontalGrid): pass raises(TypeError, mro_err_msg, type, "ConfusedGrid", (HVGrid, VHGrid), {}) def test_object_class(self): # Testing object class... a = object() self.assertEqual(a.__class__, object) self.assertEqual(type(a), object) b = object() self.assertNotEqual(a, b) self.assertNotHasAttr(a, "foo") try: a.foo = 12 except (AttributeError, TypeError): pass else: self.fail("object() should not allow setting a foo attribute") self.assertNotHasAttr(object(), "__dict__") class Cdict(object): pass x = Cdict() self.assertEqual(x.__dict__, {}) x.foo = 1 self.assertEqual(x.foo, 1) self.assertEqual(x.__dict__, {'foo': 1}) def test_object_class_assignment_between_heaptypes_and_nonheaptypes(self): class SubType(types.ModuleType): a = 1 m = types.ModuleType("m") self.assertTrue(m.__class__ is types.ModuleType) self.assertFalse(hasattr(m, "a")) m.__class__ = SubType self.assertTrue(m.__class__ is SubType) self.assertTrue(hasattr(m, "a")) m.__class__ = types.ModuleType self.assertTrue(m.__class__ is types.ModuleType) self.assertFalse(hasattr(m, "a")) def test_slots(self): # Testing __slots__... class C0(object): __slots__ = [] x = C0() self.assertNotHasAttr(x, "__dict__") self.assertNotHasAttr(x, "foo") class C1(object): __slots__ = ['a'] x = C1() self.assertNotHasAttr(x, "__dict__") self.assertNotHasAttr(x, "a") x.a = 1 self.assertEqual(x.a, 1) x.a = None self.assertEqual(x.a, None) del x.a self.assertNotHasAttr(x, "a") class C3(object): __slots__ = ['a', 'b', 'c'] x = C3() self.assertNotHasAttr(x, "__dict__") self.assertNotHasAttr(x, 'a') self.assertNotHasAttr(x, 'b') self.assertNotHasAttr(x, 'c') x.a = 1 x.b = 2 x.c = 3 self.assertEqual(x.a, 1) self.assertEqual(x.b, 2) self.assertEqual(x.c, 3) class C4(object): """Validate name mangling""" __slots__ = ['__a'] def __init__(self, value): self.__a = value def get(self): return self.__a x = C4(5) self.assertNotHasAttr(x, '__dict__') self.assertNotHasAttr(x, '__a') self.assertEqual(x.get(), 5) try: x.__a = 6 except AttributeError: pass else: self.fail("Double underscored names not mangled") # Make sure slot names are proper identifiers try: class C(object): __slots__ = [None] except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("[None] slots not caught") try: class C(object): __slots__ = ["foo bar"] except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("['foo bar'] slots not caught") try: class C(object): __slots__ = ["foo\0bar"] except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("['foo\\0bar'] slots not caught") try: class C(object): __slots__ = ["1"] except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("['1'] slots not caught") try: class C(object): __slots__ = [""] except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("[''] slots not caught") class C(object): __slots__ = ["a", "a_b", "_a", "A0123456789Z"] # XXX(nnorwitz): was there supposed to be something tested # from the class above? # Test a single string is not expanded as a sequence. class C(object): __slots__ = "abc" c = C() c.abc = 5 self.assertEqual(c.abc, 5) # Test unicode slot names # Test a single unicode string is not expanded as a sequence. class C(object): __slots__ = "abc" c = C() c.abc = 5 self.assertEqual(c.abc, 5) # _unicode_to_string used to modify slots in certain circumstances slots = ("foo", "bar") class C(object): __slots__ = slots x = C() x.foo = 5 self.assertEqual(x.foo, 5) self.assertIs(type(slots[0]), str) # this used to leak references try: class C(object): __slots__ = [chr(128)] except (TypeError, UnicodeEncodeError): pass else: self.fail("[chr(128)] slots not caught") # Test leaks class Counted(object): counter = 0 # counts the number of instances alive def __init__(self): Counted.counter += 1 def __del__(self): Counted.counter -= 1 class C(object): __slots__ = ['a', 'b', 'c'] x = C() x.a = Counted() x.b = Counted() x.c = Counted() self.assertEqual(Counted.counter, 3) del x support.gc_collect() self.assertEqual(Counted.counter, 0) class D(C): pass x = D() x.a = Counted() x.z = Counted() self.assertEqual(Counted.counter, 2) del x support.gc_collect() self.assertEqual(Counted.counter, 0) class E(D): __slots__ = ['e'] x = E() x.a = Counted() x.z = Counted() x.e = Counted() self.assertEqual(Counted.counter, 3) del x support.gc_collect() self.assertEqual(Counted.counter, 0) # Test cyclical leaks [SF bug 519621] class F(object): __slots__ = ['a', 'b'] s = F() s.a = [Counted(), s] self.assertEqual(Counted.counter, 1) s = None support.gc_collect() self.assertEqual(Counted.counter, 0) # Test lookup leaks [SF bug 572567] if hasattr(gc, 'get_objects'): class G(object): def __eq__(self, other): return False g = G() orig_objects = len(gc.get_objects()) for i in range(10): g==g new_objects = len(gc.get_objects()) self.assertEqual(orig_objects, new_objects) class H(object): __slots__ = ['a', 'b'] def __init__(self): self.a = 1 self.b = 2 def __del__(self_): self.assertEqual(self_.a, 1) self.assertEqual(self_.b, 2) with support.captured_output('stderr') as s: h = H() del h self.assertEqual(s.getvalue(), '') class X(object): __slots__ = "a" with self.assertRaises(AttributeError): del X().a def test_slots_special(self): # Testing __dict__ and __weakref__ in __slots__... class D(object): __slots__ = ["__dict__"] a = D() self.assertHasAttr(a, "__dict__") self.assertNotHasAttr(a, "__weakref__") a.foo = 42 self.assertEqual(a.__dict__, {"foo": 42}) class W(object): __slots__ = ["__weakref__"] a = W() self.assertHasAttr(a, "__weakref__") self.assertNotHasAttr(a, "__dict__") try: a.foo = 42 except AttributeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't be allowed to set a.foo") class C1(W, D): __slots__ = [] a = C1() self.assertHasAttr(a, "__dict__") self.assertHasAttr(a, "__weakref__") a.foo = 42 self.assertEqual(a.__dict__, {"foo": 42}) class C2(D, W): __slots__ = [] a = C2() self.assertHasAttr(a, "__dict__") self.assertHasAttr(a, "__weakref__") a.foo = 42 self.assertEqual(a.__dict__, {"foo": 42}) def test_slots_descriptor(self): # Issue2115: slot descriptors did not correctly check # the type of the given object import abc class MyABC(metaclass=abc.ABCMeta): __slots__ = "a" class Unrelated(object): pass MyABC.register(Unrelated) u = Unrelated() self.assertIsInstance(u, MyABC) # This used to crash self.assertRaises(TypeError, MyABC.a.__set__, u, 3) def test_dynamics(self): # Testing class attribute propagation... class D(object): pass class E(D): pass class F(D): pass D.foo = 1 self.assertEqual(D.foo, 1) # Test that dynamic attributes are inherited self.assertEqual(E.foo, 1) self.assertEqual(F.foo, 1) # Test dynamic instances class C(object): pass a = C() self.assertNotHasAttr(a, "foobar") C.foobar = 2 self.assertEqual(a.foobar, 2) C.method = lambda self: 42 self.assertEqual(a.method(), 42) C.__repr__ = lambda self: "C()" self.assertEqual(repr(a), "C()") C.__int__ = lambda self: 100 self.assertEqual(int(a), 100) self.assertEqual(a.foobar, 2) self.assertNotHasAttr(a, "spam") def mygetattr(self, name): if name == "spam": return "spam" raise AttributeError C.__getattr__ = mygetattr self.assertEqual(a.spam, "spam") a.new = 12 self.assertEqual(a.new, 12) def mysetattr(self, name, value): if name == "spam": raise AttributeError return object.__setattr__(self, name, value) C.__setattr__ = mysetattr try: a.spam = "not spam" except AttributeError: pass else: self.fail("expected AttributeError") self.assertEqual(a.spam, "spam") class D(C): pass d = D() d.foo = 1 self.assertEqual(d.foo, 1) # Test handling of int*seq and seq*int class I(int): pass self.assertEqual("a"*I(2), "aa") self.assertEqual(I(2)*"a", "aa") self.assertEqual(2*I(3), 6) self.assertEqual(I(3)*2, 6) self.assertEqual(I(3)*I(2), 6) # Test comparison of classes with dynamic metaclasses class dynamicmetaclass(type): pass class someclass(metaclass=dynamicmetaclass): pass self.assertNotEqual(someclass, object) def test_errors(self): # Testing errors... try: class C(list, dict): pass except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("inheritance from both list and dict should be illegal") try: class C(object, None): pass except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("inheritance from non-type should be illegal") class Classic: pass try: class C(type(len)): pass except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("inheritance from CFunction should be illegal") try: class C(object): __slots__ = 1 except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("__slots__ = 1 should be illegal") try: class C(object): __slots__ = [1] except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("__slots__ = [1] should be illegal") class M1(type): pass class M2(type): pass class A1(object, metaclass=M1): pass class A2(object, metaclass=M2): pass try: class B(A1, A2): pass except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("finding the most derived metaclass should have failed") def test_classmethods(self): # Testing class methods... class C(object): def foo(*a): return a goo = classmethod(foo) c = C() self.assertEqual(C.goo(1), (C, 1)) self.assertEqual(c.goo(1), (C, 1)) self.assertEqual(c.foo(1), (c, 1)) class D(C): pass d = D() self.assertEqual(D.goo(1), (D, 1)) self.assertEqual(d.goo(1), (D, 1)) self.assertEqual(d.foo(1), (d, 1)) self.assertEqual(D.foo(d, 1), (d, 1)) # Test for a specific crash (SF bug 528132) def f(cls, arg): return (cls, arg) ff = classmethod(f) self.assertEqual(ff.__get__(0, int)(42), (int, 42)) self.assertEqual(ff.__get__(0)(42), (int, 42)) # Test super() with classmethods (SF bug 535444) self.assertEqual(C.goo.__self__, C) self.assertEqual(D.goo.__self__, D) self.assertEqual(super(D,D).goo.__self__, D) self.assertEqual(super(D,d).goo.__self__, D) self.assertEqual(super(D,D).goo(), (D,)) self.assertEqual(super(D,d).goo(), (D,)) # Verify that a non-callable will raise meth = classmethod(1).__get__(1) self.assertRaises(TypeError, meth) # Verify that classmethod() doesn't allow keyword args try: classmethod(f, kw=1) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("classmethod shouldn't accept keyword args") cm = classmethod(f) self.assertEqual(cm.__dict__, {}) cm.x = 42 self.assertEqual(cm.x, 42) self.assertEqual(cm.__dict__, {"x" : 42}) del cm.x self.assertNotHasAttr(cm, "x") @support.impl_detail("the module 'xxsubtype' is internal") def test_classmethods_in_c(self): # Testing C-based class methods... import xxsubtype as spam a = (1, 2, 3) d = {'abc': 123} x, a1, d1 = spam.spamlist.classmeth(*a, **d) self.assertEqual(x, spam.spamlist) self.assertEqual(a, a1) self.assertEqual(d, d1) x, a1, d1 = spam.spamlist().classmeth(*a, **d) self.assertEqual(x, spam.spamlist) self.assertEqual(a, a1) self.assertEqual(d, d1) spam_cm = spam.spamlist.__dict__['classmeth'] x2, a2, d2 = spam_cm(spam.spamlist, *a, **d) self.assertEqual(x2, spam.spamlist) self.assertEqual(a2, a1) self.assertEqual(d2, d1) class SubSpam(spam.spamlist): pass x2, a2, d2 = spam_cm(SubSpam, *a, **d) self.assertEqual(x2, SubSpam) self.assertEqual(a2, a1) self.assertEqual(d2, d1) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): spam_cm() with self.assertRaises(TypeError): spam_cm(spam.spamlist()) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): spam_cm(list) def test_staticmethods(self): # Testing static methods... class C(object): def foo(*a): return a goo = staticmethod(foo) c = C() self.assertEqual(C.goo(1), (1,)) self.assertEqual(c.goo(1), (1,)) self.assertEqual(c.foo(1), (c, 1,)) class D(C): pass d = D() self.assertEqual(D.goo(1), (1,)) self.assertEqual(d.goo(1), (1,)) self.assertEqual(d.foo(1), (d, 1)) self.assertEqual(D.foo(d, 1), (d, 1)) sm = staticmethod(None) self.assertEqual(sm.__dict__, {}) sm.x = 42 self.assertEqual(sm.x, 42) self.assertEqual(sm.__dict__, {"x" : 42}) del sm.x self.assertNotHasAttr(sm, "x") @support.impl_detail("the module 'xxsubtype' is internal") def test_staticmethods_in_c(self): # Testing C-based static methods... import xxsubtype as spam a = (1, 2, 3) d = {"abc": 123} x, a1, d1 = spam.spamlist.staticmeth(*a, **d) self.assertEqual(x, None) self.assertEqual(a, a1) self.assertEqual(d, d1) x, a1, d2 = spam.spamlist().staticmeth(*a, **d) self.assertEqual(x, None) self.assertEqual(a, a1) self.assertEqual(d, d1) def test_classic(self): # Testing classic classes... class C: def foo(*a): return a goo = classmethod(foo) c = C() self.assertEqual(C.goo(1), (C, 1)) self.assertEqual(c.goo(1), (C, 1)) self.assertEqual(c.foo(1), (c, 1)) class D(C): pass d = D() self.assertEqual(D.goo(1), (D, 1)) self.assertEqual(d.goo(1), (D, 1)) self.assertEqual(d.foo(1), (d, 1)) self.assertEqual(D.foo(d, 1), (d, 1)) class E: # *not* subclassing from C foo = C.foo self.assertEqual(E().foo.__func__, C.foo) # i.e., unbound self.assertTrue(repr(C.foo.__get__(C())).startswith("= other def __gt__(self, other): return self.x > other def __le__(self, other): return self.x <= other def __lt__(self, other): return self.x < other def __str__(self): return "Proxy:%s" % self.x def __repr__(self): return "Proxy(%r)" % self.x def __contains__(self, value): return value in self.x p0 = Proxy(0) p1 = Proxy(1) p_1 = Proxy(-1) self.assertFalse(p0) self.assertFalse(not p1) self.assertEqual(hash(p0), hash(0)) self.assertEqual(p0, p0) self.assertNotEqual(p0, p1) self.assertFalse(p0 != p0) self.assertEqual(not p0, p1) self.assertTrue(p0 < p1) self.assertTrue(p0 <= p1) self.assertTrue(p1 > p0) self.assertTrue(p1 >= p0) self.assertEqual(str(p0), "Proxy:0") self.assertEqual(repr(p0), "Proxy(0)") p10 = Proxy(range(10)) self.assertNotIn(-1, p10) for i in range(10): self.assertIn(i, p10) self.assertNotIn(10, p10) def test_weakrefs(self): # Testing weak references... import weakref class C(object): pass c = C() r = weakref.ref(c) self.assertEqual(r(), c) del c support.gc_collect() self.assertEqual(r(), None) del r class NoWeak(object): __slots__ = ['foo'] no = NoWeak() try: weakref.ref(no) except TypeError as msg: self.assertIn("weak reference", str(msg)) else: self.fail("weakref.ref(no) should be illegal") class Weak(object): __slots__ = ['foo', '__weakref__'] yes = Weak() r = weakref.ref(yes) self.assertEqual(r(), yes) del yes support.gc_collect() self.assertEqual(r(), None) del r def test_properties(self): # Testing property... class C(object): def getx(self): return self.__x def setx(self, value): self.__x = value def delx(self): del self.__x x = property(getx, setx, delx, doc="I'm the x property.") a = C() self.assertNotHasAttr(a, "x") a.x = 42 self.assertEqual(a._C__x, 42) self.assertEqual(a.x, 42) del a.x self.assertNotHasAttr(a, "x") self.assertNotHasAttr(a, "_C__x") C.x.__set__(a, 100) self.assertEqual(C.x.__get__(a), 100) C.x.__delete__(a) self.assertNotHasAttr(a, "x") raw = C.__dict__['x'] self.assertIsInstance(raw, property) attrs = dir(raw) self.assertIn("__doc__", attrs) self.assertIn("fget", attrs) self.assertIn("fset", attrs) self.assertIn("fdel", attrs) self.assertEqual(raw.__doc__, "I'm the x property.") self.assertIs(raw.fget, C.__dict__['getx']) self.assertIs(raw.fset, C.__dict__['setx']) self.assertIs(raw.fdel, C.__dict__['delx']) for attr in "fget", "fset", "fdel": try: setattr(raw, attr, 42) except AttributeError as msg: if str(msg).find('readonly') < 0: self.fail("when setting readonly attr %r on a property, " "got unexpected AttributeError msg %r" % (attr, str(msg))) else: self.fail("expected AttributeError from trying to set readonly %r " "attr on a property" % attr) raw.__doc__ = 42 self.assertEqual(raw.__doc__, 42) class D(object): __getitem__ = property(lambda s: 1/0) d = D() try: for i in d: str(i) except ZeroDivisionError: pass else: self.fail("expected ZeroDivisionError from bad property") @unittest.skipIf(sys.flags.optimize >= 2, "Docstrings are omitted with -O2 and above") def test_properties_doc_attrib(self): class E(object): def getter(self): "getter method" return 0 def setter(self_, value): "setter method" pass prop = property(getter) self.assertEqual(prop.__doc__, "getter method") prop2 = property(fset=setter) self.assertEqual(prop2.__doc__, None) @support.cpython_only def test_testcapi_no_segfault(self): # this segfaulted in 2.5b2 try: import _testcapi except ImportError: pass else: class X(object): p = property(_testcapi.test_with_docstring) def test_properties_plus(self): class C(object): foo = property(doc="hello") @foo.getter def foo(self): return self._foo @foo.setter def foo(self, value): self._foo = abs(value) @foo.deleter def foo(self): del self._foo c = C() self.assertEqual(C.foo.__doc__, "hello") self.assertNotHasAttr(c, "foo") c.foo = -42 self.assertHasAttr(c, '_foo') self.assertEqual(c._foo, 42) self.assertEqual(c.foo, 42) del c.foo self.assertNotHasAttr(c, '_foo') self.assertNotHasAttr(c, "foo") class D(C): @C.foo.deleter def foo(self): try: del self._foo except AttributeError: pass d = D() d.foo = 24 self.assertEqual(d.foo, 24) del d.foo del d.foo class E(object): @property def foo(self): return self._foo @foo.setter def foo(self, value): raise RuntimeError @foo.setter def foo(self, value): self._foo = abs(value) @foo.deleter def foo(self, value=None): del self._foo e = E() e.foo = -42 self.assertEqual(e.foo, 42) del e.foo class F(E): @E.foo.deleter def foo(self): del self._foo @foo.setter def foo(self, value): self._foo = max(0, value) f = F() f.foo = -10 self.assertEqual(f.foo, 0) del f.foo def test_dict_constructors(self): # Testing dict constructor ... d = dict() self.assertEqual(d, {}) d = dict({}) self.assertEqual(d, {}) d = dict({1: 2, 'a': 'b'}) self.assertEqual(d, {1: 2, 'a': 'b'}) self.assertEqual(d, dict(list(d.items()))) self.assertEqual(d, dict(iter(d.items()))) d = dict({'one':1, 'two':2}) self.assertEqual(d, dict(one=1, two=2)) self.assertEqual(d, dict(**d)) self.assertEqual(d, dict({"one": 1}, two=2)) self.assertEqual(d, dict([("two", 2)], one=1)) self.assertEqual(d, dict([("one", 100), ("two", 200)], **d)) self.assertEqual(d, dict(**d)) for badarg in 0, 0, 0j, "0", [0], (0,): try: dict(badarg) except TypeError: pass except ValueError: if badarg == "0": # It's a sequence, and its elements are also sequences (gotta # love strings ), but they aren't of length 2, so this # one seemed better as a ValueError than a TypeError. pass else: self.fail("no TypeError from dict(%r)" % badarg) else: self.fail("no TypeError from dict(%r)" % badarg) try: dict({}, {}) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("no TypeError from dict({}, {})") class Mapping: # Lacks a .keys() method; will be added later. dict = {1:2, 3:4, 'a':1j} try: dict(Mapping()) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("no TypeError from dict(incomplete mapping)") Mapping.keys = lambda self: list(self.dict.keys()) Mapping.__getitem__ = lambda self, i: self.dict[i] d = dict(Mapping()) self.assertEqual(d, Mapping.dict) # Init from sequence of iterable objects, each producing a 2-sequence. class AddressBookEntry: def __init__(self, first, last): self.first = first self.last = last def __iter__(self): return iter([self.first, self.last]) d = dict([AddressBookEntry('Tim', 'Warsaw'), AddressBookEntry('Barry', 'Peters'), AddressBookEntry('Tim', 'Peters'), AddressBookEntry('Barry', 'Warsaw')]) self.assertEqual(d, {'Barry': 'Warsaw', 'Tim': 'Peters'}) d = dict(zip(range(4), range(1, 5))) self.assertEqual(d, dict([(i, i+1) for i in range(4)])) # Bad sequence lengths. for bad in [('tooshort',)], [('too', 'long', 'by 1')]: try: dict(bad) except ValueError: pass else: self.fail("no ValueError from dict(%r)" % bad) def test_dir(self): # Testing dir() ... junk = 12 self.assertEqual(dir(), ['junk', 'self']) del junk # Just make sure these don't blow up! for arg in 2, 2, 2j, 2e0, [2], "2", b"2", (2,), {2:2}, type, self.test_dir: dir(arg) # Test dir on new-style classes. Since these have object as a # base class, a lot more gets sucked in. def interesting(strings): return [s for s in strings if not s.startswith('_')] class C(object): Cdata = 1 def Cmethod(self): pass cstuff = ['Cdata', 'Cmethod'] self.assertEqual(interesting(dir(C)), cstuff) c = C() self.assertEqual(interesting(dir(c)), cstuff) ## self.assertIn('__self__', dir(C.Cmethod)) c.cdata = 2 c.cmethod = lambda self: 0 self.assertEqual(interesting(dir(c)), cstuff + ['cdata', 'cmethod']) ## self.assertIn('__self__', dir(c.Cmethod)) class A(C): Adata = 1 def Amethod(self): pass astuff = ['Adata', 'Amethod'] + cstuff self.assertEqual(interesting(dir(A)), astuff) ## self.assertIn('__self__', dir(A.Amethod)) a = A() self.assertEqual(interesting(dir(a)), astuff) a.adata = 42 a.amethod = lambda self: 3 self.assertEqual(interesting(dir(a)), astuff + ['adata', 'amethod']) ## self.assertIn('__self__', dir(a.Amethod)) # Try a module subclass. class M(type(sys)): pass minstance = M("m") minstance.b = 2 minstance.a = 1 default_attributes = ['__name__', '__doc__', '__package__', '__loader__', '__spec__'] names = [x for x in dir(minstance) if x not in default_attributes] self.assertEqual(names, ['a', 'b']) class M2(M): def getdict(self): return "Not a dict!" __dict__ = property(getdict) m2instance = M2("m2") m2instance.b = 2 m2instance.a = 1 self.assertEqual(m2instance.__dict__, "Not a dict!") try: dir(m2instance) except TypeError: pass # Two essentially featureless objects, just inheriting stuff from # object. self.assertEqual(dir(NotImplemented), dir(Ellipsis)) # Nasty test case for proxied objects class Wrapper(object): def __init__(self, obj): self.__obj = obj def __repr__(self): return "Wrapper(%s)" % repr(self.__obj) def __getitem__(self, key): return Wrapper(self.__obj[key]) def __len__(self): return len(self.__obj) def __getattr__(self, name): return Wrapper(getattr(self.__obj, name)) class C(object): def __getclass(self): return Wrapper(type(self)) __class__ = property(__getclass) dir(C()) # This used to segfault def test_supers(self): # Testing super... class A(object): def meth(self, a): return "A(%r)" % a self.assertEqual(A().meth(1), "A(1)") class B(A): def __init__(self): self.__super = super(B, self) def meth(self, a): return "B(%r)" % a + self.__super.meth(a) self.assertEqual(B().meth(2), "B(2)A(2)") class C(A): def meth(self, a): return "C(%r)" % a + self.__super.meth(a) C._C__super = super(C) self.assertEqual(C().meth(3), "C(3)A(3)") class D(C, B): def meth(self, a): return "D(%r)" % a + super(D, self).meth(a) self.assertEqual(D().meth(4), "D(4)C(4)B(4)A(4)") # Test for subclassing super class mysuper(super): def __init__(self, *args): return super(mysuper, self).__init__(*args) class E(D): def meth(self, a): return "E(%r)" % a + mysuper(E, self).meth(a) self.assertEqual(E().meth(5), "E(5)D(5)C(5)B(5)A(5)") class F(E): def meth(self, a): s = self.__super # == mysuper(F, self) return "F(%r)[%s]" % (a, s.__class__.__name__) + s.meth(a) F._F__super = mysuper(F) self.assertEqual(F().meth(6), "F(6)[mysuper]E(6)D(6)C(6)B(6)A(6)") # Make sure certain errors are raised try: super(D, 42) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't allow super(D, 42)") try: super(D, C()) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't allow super(D, C())") try: super(D).__get__(12) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't allow super(D).__get__(12)") try: super(D).__get__(C()) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't allow super(D).__get__(C())") # Make sure data descriptors can be overridden and accessed via super # (new feature in Python 2.3) class DDbase(object): def getx(self): return 42 x = property(getx) class DDsub(DDbase): def getx(self): return "hello" x = property(getx) dd = DDsub() self.assertEqual(dd.x, "hello") self.assertEqual(super(DDsub, dd).x, 42) # Ensure that super() lookup of descriptor from classmethod # works (SF ID# 743627) class Base(object): aProp = property(lambda self: "foo") class Sub(Base): @classmethod def test(klass): return super(Sub,klass).aProp self.assertEqual(Sub.test(), Base.aProp) # Verify that super() doesn't allow keyword args try: super(Base, kw=1) except TypeError: pass else: self.assertEqual("super shouldn't accept keyword args") def test_basic_inheritance(self): # Testing inheritance from basic types... class hexint(int): def __repr__(self): return hex(self) def __add__(self, other): return hexint(int.__add__(self, other)) # (Note that overriding __radd__ doesn't work, # because the int type gets first dibs.) self.assertEqual(repr(hexint(7) + 9), "0x10") self.assertEqual(repr(hexint(1000) + 7), "0x3ef") a = hexint(12345) self.assertEqual(a, 12345) self.assertEqual(int(a), 12345) self.assertIs(int(a).__class__, int) self.assertEqual(hash(a), hash(12345)) self.assertIs((+a).__class__, int) self.assertIs((a >> 0).__class__, int) self.assertIs((a << 0).__class__, int) self.assertIs((hexint(0) << 12).__class__, int) self.assertIs((hexint(0) >> 12).__class__, int) class octlong(int): __slots__ = [] def __str__(self): return oct(self) def __add__(self, other): return self.__class__(super(octlong, self).__add__(other)) __radd__ = __add__ self.assertEqual(str(octlong(3) + 5), "0o10") # (Note that overriding __radd__ here only seems to work # because the example uses a short int left argument.) self.assertEqual(str(5 + octlong(3000)), "0o5675") a = octlong(12345) self.assertEqual(a, 12345) self.assertEqual(int(a), 12345) self.assertEqual(hash(a), hash(12345)) self.assertIs(int(a).__class__, int) self.assertIs((+a).__class__, int) self.assertIs((-a).__class__, int) self.assertIs((-octlong(0)).__class__, int) self.assertIs((a >> 0).__class__, int) self.assertIs((a << 0).__class__, int) self.assertIs((a - 0).__class__, int) self.assertIs((a * 1).__class__, int) self.assertIs((a ** 1).__class__, int) self.assertIs((a // 1).__class__, int) self.assertIs((1 * a).__class__, int) self.assertIs((a | 0).__class__, int) self.assertIs((a ^ 0).__class__, int) self.assertIs((a & -1).__class__, int) self.assertIs((octlong(0) << 12).__class__, int) self.assertIs((octlong(0) >> 12).__class__, int) self.assertIs(abs(octlong(0)).__class__, int) # Because octlong overrides __add__, we can't check the absence of +0 # optimizations using octlong. class longclone(int): pass a = longclone(1) self.assertIs((a + 0).__class__, int) self.assertIs((0 + a).__class__, int) # Check that negative clones don't segfault a = longclone(-1) self.assertEqual(a.__dict__, {}) self.assertEqual(int(a), -1) # self.assertTrue PyNumber_Long() copies the sign bit class precfloat(float): __slots__ = ['prec'] def __init__(self, value=0.0, prec=12): self.prec = int(prec) def __repr__(self): return "%.*g" % (self.prec, self) self.assertEqual(repr(precfloat(1.1)), "1.1") a = precfloat(12345) self.assertEqual(a, 12345.0) self.assertEqual(float(a), 12345.0) self.assertIs(float(a).__class__, float) self.assertEqual(hash(a), hash(12345.0)) self.assertIs((+a).__class__, float) class madcomplex(complex): def __repr__(self): return "%.17gj%+.17g" % (self.imag, self.real) a = madcomplex(-3, 4) self.assertEqual(repr(a), "4j-3") base = complex(-3, 4) self.assertEqual(base.__class__, complex) self.assertEqual(a, base) self.assertEqual(complex(a), base) self.assertEqual(complex(a).__class__, complex) a = madcomplex(a) # just trying another form of the constructor self.assertEqual(repr(a), "4j-3") self.assertEqual(a, base) self.assertEqual(complex(a), base) self.assertEqual(complex(a).__class__, complex) self.assertEqual(hash(a), hash(base)) self.assertEqual((+a).__class__, complex) self.assertEqual((a + 0).__class__, complex) self.assertEqual(a + 0, base) self.assertEqual((a - 0).__class__, complex) self.assertEqual(a - 0, base) self.assertEqual((a * 1).__class__, complex) self.assertEqual(a * 1, base) self.assertEqual((a / 1).__class__, complex) self.assertEqual(a / 1, base) class madtuple(tuple): _rev = None def rev(self): if self._rev is not None: return self._rev L = list(self) L.reverse() self._rev = self.__class__(L) return self._rev a = madtuple((1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0)) self.assertEqual(a, (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0)) self.assertEqual(a.rev(), madtuple((0,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1))) self.assertEqual(a.rev().rev(), madtuple((1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0))) for i in range(512): t = madtuple(range(i)) u = t.rev() v = u.rev() self.assertEqual(v, t) a = madtuple((1,2,3,4,5)) self.assertEqual(tuple(a), (1,2,3,4,5)) self.assertIs(tuple(a).__class__, tuple) self.assertEqual(hash(a), hash((1,2,3,4,5))) self.assertIs(a[:].__class__, tuple) self.assertIs((a * 1).__class__, tuple) self.assertIs((a * 0).__class__, tuple) self.assertIs((a + ()).__class__, tuple) a = madtuple(()) self.assertEqual(tuple(a), ()) self.assertIs(tuple(a).__class__, tuple) self.assertIs((a + a).__class__, tuple) self.assertIs((a * 0).__class__, tuple) self.assertIs((a * 1).__class__, tuple) self.assertIs((a * 2).__class__, tuple) self.assertIs(a[:].__class__, tuple) class madstring(str): _rev = None def rev(self): if self._rev is not None: return self._rev L = list(self) L.reverse() self._rev = self.__class__("".join(L)) return self._rev s = madstring("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz") self.assertEqual(s, "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz") self.assertEqual(s.rev(), madstring("zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcba")) self.assertEqual(s.rev().rev(), madstring("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz")) for i in range(256): s = madstring("".join(map(chr, range(i)))) t = s.rev() u = t.rev() self.assertEqual(u, s) s = madstring("12345") self.assertEqual(str(s), "12345") self.assertIs(str(s).__class__, str) base = "\x00" * 5 s = madstring(base) self.assertEqual(s, base) self.assertEqual(str(s), base) self.assertIs(str(s).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(hash(s), hash(base)) self.assertEqual({s: 1}[base], 1) self.assertEqual({base: 1}[s], 1) self.assertIs((s + "").__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s + "", base) self.assertIs(("" + s).__class__, str) self.assertEqual("" + s, base) self.assertIs((s * 0).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s * 0, "") self.assertIs((s * 1).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s * 1, base) self.assertIs((s * 2).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s * 2, base + base) self.assertIs(s[:].__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s[:], base) self.assertIs(s[0:0].__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s[0:0], "") self.assertIs(s.strip().__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s.strip(), base) self.assertIs(s.lstrip().__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s.lstrip(), base) self.assertIs(s.rstrip().__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s.rstrip(), base) identitytab = {} self.assertIs(s.translate(identitytab).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s.translate(identitytab), base) self.assertIs(s.replace("x", "x").__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s.replace("x", "x"), base) self.assertIs(s.ljust(len(s)).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s.ljust(len(s)), base) self.assertIs(s.rjust(len(s)).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s.rjust(len(s)), base) self.assertIs(s.center(len(s)).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s.center(len(s)), base) self.assertIs(s.lower().__class__, str) self.assertEqual(s.lower(), base) class madunicode(str): _rev = None def rev(self): if self._rev is not None: return self._rev L = list(self) L.reverse() self._rev = self.__class__("".join(L)) return self._rev u = madunicode("ABCDEF") self.assertEqual(u, "ABCDEF") self.assertEqual(u.rev(), madunicode("FEDCBA")) self.assertEqual(u.rev().rev(), madunicode("ABCDEF")) base = "12345" u = madunicode(base) self.assertEqual(str(u), base) self.assertIs(str(u).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(hash(u), hash(base)) self.assertEqual({u: 1}[base], 1) self.assertEqual({base: 1}[u], 1) self.assertIs(u.strip().__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u.strip(), base) self.assertIs(u.lstrip().__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u.lstrip(), base) self.assertIs(u.rstrip().__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u.rstrip(), base) self.assertIs(u.replace("x", "x").__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u.replace("x", "x"), base) self.assertIs(u.replace("xy", "xy").__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u.replace("xy", "xy"), base) self.assertIs(u.center(len(u)).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u.center(len(u)), base) self.assertIs(u.ljust(len(u)).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u.ljust(len(u)), base) self.assertIs(u.rjust(len(u)).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u.rjust(len(u)), base) self.assertIs(u.lower().__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u.lower(), base) self.assertIs(u.upper().__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u.upper(), base) self.assertIs(u.capitalize().__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u.capitalize(), base) self.assertIs(u.title().__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u.title(), base) self.assertIs((u + "").__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u + "", base) self.assertIs(("" + u).__class__, str) self.assertEqual("" + u, base) self.assertIs((u * 0).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u * 0, "") self.assertIs((u * 1).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u * 1, base) self.assertIs((u * 2).__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u * 2, base + base) self.assertIs(u[:].__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u[:], base) self.assertIs(u[0:0].__class__, str) self.assertEqual(u[0:0], "") class sublist(list): pass a = sublist(range(5)) self.assertEqual(a, list(range(5))) a.append("hello") self.assertEqual(a, list(range(5)) + ["hello"]) a[5] = 5 self.assertEqual(a, list(range(6))) a.extend(range(6, 20)) self.assertEqual(a, list(range(20))) a[-5:] = [] self.assertEqual(a, list(range(15))) del a[10:15] self.assertEqual(len(a), 10) self.assertEqual(a, list(range(10))) self.assertEqual(list(a), list(range(10))) self.assertEqual(a[0], 0) self.assertEqual(a[9], 9) self.assertEqual(a[-10], 0) self.assertEqual(a[-1], 9) self.assertEqual(a[:5], list(range(5))) ## class CountedInput(file): ## """Counts lines read by self.readline(). ## ## self.lineno is the 0-based ordinal of the last line read, up to ## a maximum of one greater than the number of lines in the file. ## ## self.ateof is true if and only if the final "" line has been read, ## at which point self.lineno stops incrementing, and further calls ## to readline() continue to return "". ## """ ## ## lineno = 0 ## ateof = 0 ## def readline(self): ## if self.ateof: ## return "" ## s = file.readline(self) ## # Next line works too. ## # s = super(CountedInput, self).readline() ## self.lineno += 1 ## if s == "": ## self.ateof = 1 ## return s ## ## f = file(name=support.TESTFN, mode='w') ## lines = ['a\n', 'b\n', 'c\n'] ## try: ## f.writelines(lines) ## f.close() ## f = CountedInput(support.TESTFN) ## for (i, expected) in zip(range(1, 5) + [4], lines + 2 * [""]): ## got = f.readline() ## self.assertEqual(expected, got) ## self.assertEqual(f.lineno, i) ## self.assertEqual(f.ateof, (i > len(lines))) ## f.close() ## finally: ## try: ## f.close() ## except: ## pass ## support.unlink(support.TESTFN) def test_keywords(self): # Testing keyword args to basic type constructors ... self.assertEqual(int(x=1), 1) self.assertEqual(float(x=2), 2.0) self.assertEqual(int(x=3), 3) self.assertEqual(complex(imag=42, real=666), complex(666, 42)) self.assertEqual(str(object=500), '500') self.assertEqual(str(object=b'abc', errors='strict'), 'abc') self.assertEqual(tuple(sequence=range(3)), (0, 1, 2)) self.assertEqual(list(sequence=(0, 1, 2)), list(range(3))) # note: as of Python 2.3, dict() no longer has an "items" keyword arg for constructor in (int, float, int, complex, str, str, tuple, list): try: constructor(bogus_keyword_arg=1) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("expected TypeError from bogus keyword argument to %r" % constructor) def test_str_subclass_as_dict_key(self): # Testing a str subclass used as dict key .. class cistr(str): """Sublcass of str that computes __eq__ case-insensitively. Also computes a hash code of the string in canonical form. """ def __init__(self, value): self.canonical = value.lower() self.hashcode = hash(self.canonical) def __eq__(self, other): if not isinstance(other, cistr): other = cistr(other) return self.canonical == other.canonical def __hash__(self): return self.hashcode self.assertEqual(cistr('ABC'), 'abc') self.assertEqual('aBc', cistr('ABC')) self.assertEqual(str(cistr('ABC')), 'ABC') d = {cistr('one'): 1, cistr('two'): 2, cistr('tHree'): 3} self.assertEqual(d[cistr('one')], 1) self.assertEqual(d[cistr('tWo')], 2) self.assertEqual(d[cistr('THrEE')], 3) self.assertIn(cistr('ONe'), d) self.assertEqual(d.get(cistr('thrEE')), 3) def test_classic_comparisons(self): # Testing classic comparisons... class classic: pass for base in (classic, int, object): class C(base): def __init__(self, value): self.value = int(value) def __eq__(self, other): if isinstance(other, C): return self.value == other.value if isinstance(other, int) or isinstance(other, int): return self.value == other return NotImplemented def __ne__(self, other): if isinstance(other, C): return self.value != other.value if isinstance(other, int) or isinstance(other, int): return self.value != other return NotImplemented def __lt__(self, other): if isinstance(other, C): return self.value < other.value if isinstance(other, int) or isinstance(other, int): return self.value < other return NotImplemented def __le__(self, other): if isinstance(other, C): return self.value <= other.value if isinstance(other, int) or isinstance(other, int): return self.value <= other return NotImplemented def __gt__(self, other): if isinstance(other, C): return self.value > other.value if isinstance(other, int) or isinstance(other, int): return self.value > other return NotImplemented def __ge__(self, other): if isinstance(other, C): return self.value >= other.value if isinstance(other, int) or isinstance(other, int): return self.value >= other return NotImplemented c1 = C(1) c2 = C(2) c3 = C(3) self.assertEqual(c1, 1) c = {1: c1, 2: c2, 3: c3} for x in 1, 2, 3: for y in 1, 2, 3: for op in "<", "<=", "==", "!=", ">", ">=": self.assertEqual(eval("c[x] %s c[y]" % op), eval("x %s y" % op), "x=%d, y=%d" % (x, y)) self.assertEqual(eval("c[x] %s y" % op), eval("x %s y" % op), "x=%d, y=%d" % (x, y)) self.assertEqual(eval("x %s c[y]" % op), eval("x %s y" % op), "x=%d, y=%d" % (x, y)) def test_rich_comparisons(self): # Testing rich comparisons... class Z(complex): pass z = Z(1) self.assertEqual(z, 1+0j) self.assertEqual(1+0j, z) class ZZ(complex): def __eq__(self, other): try: return abs(self - other) <= 1e-6 except: return NotImplemented zz = ZZ(1.0000003) self.assertEqual(zz, 1+0j) self.assertEqual(1+0j, zz) class classic: pass for base in (classic, int, object, list): class C(base): def __init__(self, value): self.value = int(value) def __cmp__(self_, other): self.fail("shouldn't call __cmp__") def __eq__(self, other): if isinstance(other, C): return self.value == other.value if isinstance(other, int) or isinstance(other, int): return self.value == other return NotImplemented def __ne__(self, other): if isinstance(other, C): return self.value != other.value if isinstance(other, int) or isinstance(other, int): return self.value != other return NotImplemented def __lt__(self, other): if isinstance(other, C): return self.value < other.value if isinstance(other, int) or isinstance(other, int): return self.value < other return NotImplemented def __le__(self, other): if isinstance(other, C): return self.value <= other.value if isinstance(other, int) or isinstance(other, int): return self.value <= other return NotImplemented def __gt__(self, other): if isinstance(other, C): return self.value > other.value if isinstance(other, int) or isinstance(other, int): return self.value > other return NotImplemented def __ge__(self, other): if isinstance(other, C): return self.value >= other.value if isinstance(other, int) or isinstance(other, int): return self.value >= other return NotImplemented c1 = C(1) c2 = C(2) c3 = C(3) self.assertEqual(c1, 1) c = {1: c1, 2: c2, 3: c3} for x in 1, 2, 3: for y in 1, 2, 3: for op in "<", "<=", "==", "!=", ">", ">=": self.assertEqual(eval("c[x] %s c[y]" % op), eval("x %s y" % op), "x=%d, y=%d" % (x, y)) self.assertEqual(eval("c[x] %s y" % op), eval("x %s y" % op), "x=%d, y=%d" % (x, y)) self.assertEqual(eval("x %s c[y]" % op), eval("x %s y" % op), "x=%d, y=%d" % (x, y)) def test_descrdoc(self): # Testing descriptor doc strings... from _io import FileIO def check(descr, what): self.assertEqual(descr.__doc__, what) check(FileIO.closed, "True if the file is closed") # getset descriptor check(complex.real, "the real part of a complex number") # member descriptor def test_doc_descriptor(self): # Testing __doc__ descriptor... # SF bug 542984 class DocDescr(object): def __get__(self, object, otype): if object: object = object.__class__.__name__ + ' instance' if otype: otype = otype.__name__ return 'object=%s; type=%s' % (object, otype) class OldClass: __doc__ = DocDescr() class NewClass(object): __doc__ = DocDescr() self.assertEqual(OldClass.__doc__, 'object=None; type=OldClass') self.assertEqual(OldClass().__doc__, 'object=OldClass instance; type=OldClass') self.assertEqual(NewClass.__doc__, 'object=None; type=NewClass') self.assertEqual(NewClass().__doc__, 'object=NewClass instance; type=NewClass') def test_set_class(self): # Testing __class__ assignment... class C(object): pass class D(object): pass class E(object): pass class F(D, E): pass for cls in C, D, E, F: for cls2 in C, D, E, F: x = cls() x.__class__ = cls2 self.assertIs(x.__class__, cls2) x.__class__ = cls self.assertIs(x.__class__, cls) def cant(x, C): try: x.__class__ = C except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't allow %r.__class__ = %r" % (x, C)) try: delattr(x, "__class__") except (TypeError, AttributeError): pass else: self.fail("shouldn't allow del %r.__class__" % x) cant(C(), list) cant(list(), C) cant(C(), 1) cant(C(), object) cant(object(), list) cant(list(), object) class Int(int): __slots__ = [] cant(True, int) cant(2, bool) o = object() cant(o, type(1)) cant(o, type(None)) del o class G(object): __slots__ = ["a", "b"] class H(object): __slots__ = ["b", "a"] class I(object): __slots__ = ["a", "b"] class J(object): __slots__ = ["c", "b"] class K(object): __slots__ = ["a", "b", "d"] class L(H): __slots__ = ["e"] class M(I): __slots__ = ["e"] class N(J): __slots__ = ["__weakref__"] class P(J): __slots__ = ["__dict__"] class Q(J): pass class R(J): __slots__ = ["__dict__", "__weakref__"] for cls, cls2 in ((G, H), (G, I), (I, H), (Q, R), (R, Q)): x = cls() x.a = 1 x.__class__ = cls2 self.assertIs(x.__class__, cls2, "assigning %r as __class__ for %r silently failed" % (cls2, x)) self.assertEqual(x.a, 1) x.__class__ = cls self.assertIs(x.__class__, cls, "assigning %r as __class__ for %r silently failed" % (cls, x)) self.assertEqual(x.a, 1) for cls in G, J, K, L, M, N, P, R, list, Int: for cls2 in G, J, K, L, M, N, P, R, list, Int: if cls is cls2: continue cant(cls(), cls2) # Issue5283: when __class__ changes in __del__, the wrong # type gets DECREF'd. class O(object): pass class A(object): def __del__(self): self.__class__ = O l = [A() for x in range(100)] del l def test_set_dict(self): # Testing __dict__ assignment... class C(object): pass a = C() a.__dict__ = {'b': 1} self.assertEqual(a.b, 1) def cant(x, dict): try: x.__dict__ = dict except (AttributeError, TypeError): pass else: self.fail("shouldn't allow %r.__dict__ = %r" % (x, dict)) cant(a, None) cant(a, []) cant(a, 1) del a.__dict__ # Deleting __dict__ is allowed class Base(object): pass def verify_dict_readonly(x): """ x has to be an instance of a class inheriting from Base. """ cant(x, {}) try: del x.__dict__ except (AttributeError, TypeError): pass else: self.fail("shouldn't allow del %r.__dict__" % x) dict_descr = Base.__dict__["__dict__"] try: dict_descr.__set__(x, {}) except (AttributeError, TypeError): pass else: self.fail("dict_descr allowed access to %r's dict" % x) # Classes don't allow __dict__ assignment and have readonly dicts class Meta1(type, Base): pass class Meta2(Base, type): pass class D(object, metaclass=Meta1): pass class E(object, metaclass=Meta2): pass for cls in C, D, E: verify_dict_readonly(cls) class_dict = cls.__dict__ try: class_dict["spam"] = "eggs" except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("%r's __dict__ can be modified" % cls) # Modules also disallow __dict__ assignment class Module1(types.ModuleType, Base): pass class Module2(Base, types.ModuleType): pass for ModuleType in Module1, Module2: mod = ModuleType("spam") verify_dict_readonly(mod) mod.__dict__["spam"] = "eggs" # Exception's __dict__ can be replaced, but not deleted # (at least not any more than regular exception's __dict__ can # be deleted; on CPython it is not the case, whereas on PyPy they # can, just like any other new-style instance's __dict__.) def can_delete_dict(e): try: del e.__dict__ except (TypeError, AttributeError): return False else: return True class Exception1(Exception, Base): pass class Exception2(Base, Exception): pass for ExceptionType in Exception, Exception1, Exception2: e = ExceptionType() e.__dict__ = {"a": 1} self.assertEqual(e.a, 1) self.assertEqual(can_delete_dict(e), can_delete_dict(ValueError())) def test_binary_operator_override(self): # Testing overrides of binary operations... class I(int): def __repr__(self): return "I(%r)" % int(self) def __add__(self, other): return I(int(self) + int(other)) __radd__ = __add__ def __pow__(self, other, mod=None): if mod is None: return I(pow(int(self), int(other))) else: return I(pow(int(self), int(other), int(mod))) def __rpow__(self, other, mod=None): if mod is None: return I(pow(int(other), int(self), mod)) else: return I(pow(int(other), int(self), int(mod))) self.assertEqual(repr(I(1) + I(2)), "I(3)") self.assertEqual(repr(I(1) + 2), "I(3)") self.assertEqual(repr(1 + I(2)), "I(3)") self.assertEqual(repr(I(2) ** I(3)), "I(8)") self.assertEqual(repr(2 ** I(3)), "I(8)") self.assertEqual(repr(I(2) ** 3), "I(8)") self.assertEqual(repr(pow(I(2), I(3), I(5))), "I(3)") class S(str): def __eq__(self, other): return self.lower() == other.lower() def test_subclass_propagation(self): # Testing propagation of slot functions to subclasses... class A(object): pass class B(A): pass class C(A): pass class D(B, C): pass d = D() orig_hash = hash(d) # related to id(d) in platform-dependent ways A.__hash__ = lambda self: 42 self.assertEqual(hash(d), 42) C.__hash__ = lambda self: 314 self.assertEqual(hash(d), 314) B.__hash__ = lambda self: 144 self.assertEqual(hash(d), 144) D.__hash__ = lambda self: 100 self.assertEqual(hash(d), 100) D.__hash__ = None self.assertRaises(TypeError, hash, d) del D.__hash__ self.assertEqual(hash(d), 144) B.__hash__ = None self.assertRaises(TypeError, hash, d) del B.__hash__ self.assertEqual(hash(d), 314) C.__hash__ = None self.assertRaises(TypeError, hash, d) del C.__hash__ self.assertEqual(hash(d), 42) A.__hash__ = None self.assertRaises(TypeError, hash, d) del A.__hash__ self.assertEqual(hash(d), orig_hash) d.foo = 42 d.bar = 42 self.assertEqual(d.foo, 42) self.assertEqual(d.bar, 42) def __getattribute__(self, name): if name == "foo": return 24 return object.__getattribute__(self, name) A.__getattribute__ = __getattribute__ self.assertEqual(d.foo, 24) self.assertEqual(d.bar, 42) def __getattr__(self, name): if name in ("spam", "foo", "bar"): return "hello" raise AttributeError(name) B.__getattr__ = __getattr__ self.assertEqual(d.spam, "hello") self.assertEqual(d.foo, 24) self.assertEqual(d.bar, 42) del A.__getattribute__ self.assertEqual(d.foo, 42) del d.foo self.assertEqual(d.foo, "hello") self.assertEqual(d.bar, 42) del B.__getattr__ try: d.foo except AttributeError: pass else: self.fail("d.foo should be undefined now") # Test a nasty bug in recurse_down_subclasses() class A(object): pass class B(A): pass del B support.gc_collect() A.__setitem__ = lambda *a: None # crash def test_buffer_inheritance(self): # Testing that buffer interface is inherited ... import binascii # SF bug [#470040] ParseTuple t# vs subclasses. class MyBytes(bytes): pass base = b'abc' m = MyBytes(base) # b2a_hex uses the buffer interface to get its argument's value, via # PyArg_ParseTuple 't#' code. self.assertEqual(binascii.b2a_hex(m), binascii.b2a_hex(base)) class MyInt(int): pass m = MyInt(42) try: binascii.b2a_hex(m) self.fail('subclass of int should not have a buffer interface') except TypeError: pass def test_str_of_str_subclass(self): # Testing __str__ defined in subclass of str ... import binascii import io class octetstring(str): def __str__(self): return binascii.b2a_hex(self.encode('ascii')).decode("ascii") def __repr__(self): return self + " repr" o = octetstring('A') self.assertEqual(type(o), octetstring) self.assertEqual(type(str(o)), str) self.assertEqual(type(repr(o)), str) self.assertEqual(ord(o), 0x41) self.assertEqual(str(o), '41') self.assertEqual(repr(o), 'A repr') self.assertEqual(o.__str__(), '41') self.assertEqual(o.__repr__(), 'A repr') capture = io.StringIO() # Calling str() or not exercises different internal paths. print(o, file=capture) print(str(o), file=capture) self.assertEqual(capture.getvalue(), '41\n41\n') capture.close() def test_keyword_arguments(self): # Testing keyword arguments to __init__, __call__... def f(a): return a self.assertEqual(f.__call__(a=42), 42) a = [] list.__init__(a, sequence=[0, 1, 2]) self.assertEqual(a, [0, 1, 2]) def test_recursive_call(self): # Testing recursive __call__() by setting to instance of class... class A(object): pass A.__call__ = A() try: A()() except RecursionError: pass else: self.fail("Recursion limit should have been reached for __call__()") def test_delete_hook(self): # Testing __del__ hook... log = [] class C(object): def __del__(self): log.append(1) c = C() self.assertEqual(log, []) del c support.gc_collect() self.assertEqual(log, [1]) class D(object): pass d = D() try: del d[0] except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("invalid del() didn't raise TypeError") def test_hash_inheritance(self): # Testing hash of mutable subclasses... class mydict(dict): pass d = mydict() try: hash(d) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("hash() of dict subclass should fail") class mylist(list): pass d = mylist() try: hash(d) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("hash() of list subclass should fail") def test_str_operations(self): try: 'a' + 5 except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("'' + 5 doesn't raise TypeError") try: ''.split('') except ValueError: pass else: self.fail("''.split('') doesn't raise ValueError") try: ''.join([0]) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("''.join([0]) doesn't raise TypeError") try: ''.rindex('5') except ValueError: pass else: self.fail("''.rindex('5') doesn't raise ValueError") try: '%(n)s' % None except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("'%(n)s' % None doesn't raise TypeError") try: '%(n' % {} except ValueError: pass else: self.fail("'%(n' % {} '' doesn't raise ValueError") try: '%*s' % ('abc') except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("'%*s' % ('abc') doesn't raise TypeError") try: '%*.*s' % ('abc', 5) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("'%*.*s' % ('abc', 5) doesn't raise TypeError") try: '%s' % (1, 2) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("'%s' % (1, 2) doesn't raise TypeError") try: '%' % None except ValueError: pass else: self.fail("'%' % None doesn't raise ValueError") self.assertEqual('534253'.isdigit(), 1) self.assertEqual('534253x'.isdigit(), 0) self.assertEqual('%c' % 5, '\x05') self.assertEqual('%c' % '5', '5') def test_deepcopy_recursive(self): # Testing deepcopy of recursive objects... class Node: pass a = Node() b = Node() a.b = b b.a = a z = deepcopy(a) # This blew up before def test_unintialized_modules(self): # Testing uninitialized module objects... from types import ModuleType as M m = M.__new__(M) str(m) self.assertNotHasAttr(m, "__name__") self.assertNotHasAttr(m, "__file__") self.assertNotHasAttr(m, "foo") self.assertFalse(m.__dict__) # None or {} are both reasonable answers m.foo = 1 self.assertEqual(m.__dict__, {"foo": 1}) def test_funny_new(self): # Testing __new__ returning something unexpected... class C(object): def __new__(cls, arg): if isinstance(arg, str): return [1, 2, 3] elif isinstance(arg, int): return object.__new__(D) else: return object.__new__(cls) class D(C): def __init__(self, arg): self.foo = arg self.assertEqual(C("1"), [1, 2, 3]) self.assertEqual(D("1"), [1, 2, 3]) d = D(None) self.assertEqual(d.foo, None) d = C(1) self.assertIsInstance(d, D) self.assertEqual(d.foo, 1) d = D(1) self.assertIsInstance(d, D) self.assertEqual(d.foo, 1) def test_imul_bug(self): # Testing for __imul__ problems... # SF bug 544647 class C(object): def __imul__(self, other): return (self, other) x = C() y = x y *= 1.0 self.assertEqual(y, (x, 1.0)) y = x y *= 2 self.assertEqual(y, (x, 2)) y = x y *= 3 self.assertEqual(y, (x, 3)) y = x y *= 1<<100 self.assertEqual(y, (x, 1<<100)) y = x y *= None self.assertEqual(y, (x, None)) y = x y *= "foo" self.assertEqual(y, (x, "foo")) def test_copy_setstate(self): # Testing that copy.*copy() correctly uses __setstate__... import copy class C(object): def __init__(self, foo=None): self.foo = foo self.__foo = foo def setfoo(self, foo=None): self.foo = foo def getfoo(self): return self.__foo def __getstate__(self): return [self.foo] def __setstate__(self_, lst): self.assertEqual(len(lst), 1) self_.__foo = self_.foo = lst[0] a = C(42) a.setfoo(24) self.assertEqual(a.foo, 24) self.assertEqual(a.getfoo(), 42) b = copy.copy(a) self.assertEqual(b.foo, 24) self.assertEqual(b.getfoo(), 24) b = copy.deepcopy(a) self.assertEqual(b.foo, 24) self.assertEqual(b.getfoo(), 24) def test_slices(self): # Testing cases with slices and overridden __getitem__ ... # Strings self.assertEqual("hello"[:4], "hell") self.assertEqual("hello"[slice(4)], "hell") self.assertEqual(str.__getitem__("hello", slice(4)), "hell") class S(str): def __getitem__(self, x): return str.__getitem__(self, x) self.assertEqual(S("hello")[:4], "hell") self.assertEqual(S("hello")[slice(4)], "hell") self.assertEqual(S("hello").__getitem__(slice(4)), "hell") # Tuples self.assertEqual((1,2,3)[:2], (1,2)) self.assertEqual((1,2,3)[slice(2)], (1,2)) self.assertEqual(tuple.__getitem__((1,2,3), slice(2)), (1,2)) class T(tuple): def __getitem__(self, x): return tuple.__getitem__(self, x) self.assertEqual(T((1,2,3))[:2], (1,2)) self.assertEqual(T((1,2,3))[slice(2)], (1,2)) self.assertEqual(T((1,2,3)).__getitem__(slice(2)), (1,2)) # Lists self.assertEqual([1,2,3][:2], [1,2]) self.assertEqual([1,2,3][slice(2)], [1,2]) self.assertEqual(list.__getitem__([1,2,3], slice(2)), [1,2]) class L(list): def __getitem__(self, x): return list.__getitem__(self, x) self.assertEqual(L([1,2,3])[:2], [1,2]) self.assertEqual(L([1,2,3])[slice(2)], [1,2]) self.assertEqual(L([1,2,3]).__getitem__(slice(2)), [1,2]) # Now do lists and __setitem__ a = L([1,2,3]) a[slice(1, 3)] = [3,2] self.assertEqual(a, [1,3,2]) a[slice(0, 2, 1)] = [3,1] self.assertEqual(a, [3,1,2]) a.__setitem__(slice(1, 3), [2,1]) self.assertEqual(a, [3,2,1]) a.__setitem__(slice(0, 2, 1), [2,3]) self.assertEqual(a, [2,3,1]) def test_subtype_resurrection(self): # Testing resurrection of new-style instance... class C(object): container = [] def __del__(self): # resurrect the instance C.container.append(self) c = C() c.attr = 42 # The most interesting thing here is whether this blows up, due to # flawed GC tracking logic in typeobject.c's call_finalizer() (a 2.2.1 # bug). del c support.gc_collect() self.assertEqual(len(C.container), 1) # Make c mortal again, so that the test framework with -l doesn't report # it as a leak. del C.__del__ def test_slots_trash(self): # Testing slot trash... # Deallocating deeply nested slotted trash caused stack overflows class trash(object): __slots__ = ['x'] def __init__(self, x): self.x = x o = None for i in range(50000): o = trash(o) del o def test_slots_multiple_inheritance(self): # SF bug 575229, multiple inheritance w/ slots dumps core class A(object): __slots__=() class B(object): pass class C(A,B) : __slots__=() if support.check_impl_detail(): self.assertEqual(C.__basicsize__, B.__basicsize__) self.assertHasAttr(C, '__dict__') self.assertHasAttr(C, '__weakref__') C().x = 2 def test_rmul(self): # Testing correct invocation of __rmul__... # SF patch 592646 class C(object): def __mul__(self, other): return "mul" def __rmul__(self, other): return "rmul" a = C() self.assertEqual(a*2, "mul") self.assertEqual(a*2.2, "mul") self.assertEqual(2*a, "rmul") self.assertEqual(2.2*a, "rmul") def test_ipow(self): # Testing correct invocation of __ipow__... # [SF bug 620179] class C(object): def __ipow__(self, other): pass a = C() a **= 2 def test_mutable_bases(self): # Testing mutable bases... # stuff that should work: class C(object): pass class C2(object): def __getattribute__(self, attr): if attr == 'a': return 2 else: return super(C2, self).__getattribute__(attr) def meth(self): return 1 class D(C): pass class E(D): pass d = D() e = E() D.__bases__ = (C,) D.__bases__ = (C2,) self.assertEqual(d.meth(), 1) self.assertEqual(e.meth(), 1) self.assertEqual(d.a, 2) self.assertEqual(e.a, 2) self.assertEqual(C2.__subclasses__(), [D]) try: del D.__bases__ except (TypeError, AttributeError): pass else: self.fail("shouldn't be able to delete .__bases__") try: D.__bases__ = () except TypeError as msg: if str(msg) == "a new-style class can't have only classic bases": self.fail("wrong error message for .__bases__ = ()") else: self.fail("shouldn't be able to set .__bases__ to ()") try: D.__bases__ = (D,) except TypeError: pass else: # actually, we'll have crashed by here... self.fail("shouldn't be able to create inheritance cycles") try: D.__bases__ = (C, C) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("didn't detect repeated base classes") try: D.__bases__ = (E,) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't be able to create inheritance cycles") def test_builtin_bases(self): # Make sure all the builtin types can have their base queried without # segfaulting. See issue #5787. builtin_types = [tp for tp in builtins.__dict__.values() if isinstance(tp, type)] for tp in builtin_types: object.__getattribute__(tp, "__bases__") if tp is not object: self.assertEqual(len(tp.__bases__), 1, tp) class L(list): pass class C(object): pass class D(C): pass try: L.__bases__ = (dict,) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't turn list subclass into dict subclass") try: list.__bases__ = (dict,) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't be able to assign to list.__bases__") try: D.__bases__ = (C, list) except TypeError: pass else: assert 0, "best_base calculation found wanting" def test_mutable_bases_with_failing_mro(self): # Testing mutable bases with failing mro... class WorkOnce(type): def __new__(self, name, bases, ns): self.flag = 0 return super(WorkOnce, self).__new__(WorkOnce, name, bases, ns) def mro(self): if self.flag > 0: raise RuntimeError("bozo") else: self.flag += 1 return type.mro(self) class WorkAlways(type): def mro(self): # this is here to make sure that .mro()s aren't called # with an exception set (which was possible at one point). # An error message will be printed in a debug build. # What's a good way to test for this? return type.mro(self) class C(object): pass class C2(object): pass class D(C): pass class E(D): pass class F(D, metaclass=WorkOnce): pass class G(D, metaclass=WorkAlways): pass # Immediate subclasses have their mro's adjusted in alphabetical # order, so E's will get adjusted before adjusting F's fails. We # check here that E's gets restored. E_mro_before = E.__mro__ D_mro_before = D.__mro__ try: D.__bases__ = (C2,) except RuntimeError: self.assertEqual(E.__mro__, E_mro_before) self.assertEqual(D.__mro__, D_mro_before) else: self.fail("exception not propagated") def test_mutable_bases_catch_mro_conflict(self): # Testing mutable bases catch mro conflict... class A(object): pass class B(object): pass class C(A, B): pass class D(A, B): pass class E(C, D): pass try: C.__bases__ = (B, A) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("didn't catch MRO conflict") def test_mutable_names(self): # Testing mutable names... class C(object): pass # C.__module__ could be 'test_descr' or '__main__' mod = C.__module__ C.__name__ = 'D' self.assertEqual((C.__module__, C.__name__), (mod, 'D')) C.__name__ = 'D.E' self.assertEqual((C.__module__, C.__name__), (mod, 'D.E')) def test_evil_type_name(self): # A badly placed Py_DECREF in type_set_name led to arbitrary code # execution while the type structure was not in a sane state, and a # possible segmentation fault as a result. See bug #16447. class Nasty(str): def __del__(self): C.__name__ = "other" class C: pass C.__name__ = Nasty("abc") C.__name__ = "normal" def test_subclass_right_op(self): # Testing correct dispatch of subclass overloading __r__... # This code tests various cases where right-dispatch of a subclass # should be preferred over left-dispatch of a base class. # Case 1: subclass of int; this tests code in abstract.c::binary_op1() class B(int): def __floordiv__(self, other): return "B.__floordiv__" def __rfloordiv__(self, other): return "B.__rfloordiv__" self.assertEqual(B(1) // 1, "B.__floordiv__") self.assertEqual(1 // B(1), "B.__rfloordiv__") # Case 2: subclass of object; this is just the baseline for case 3 class C(object): def __floordiv__(self, other): return "C.__floordiv__" def __rfloordiv__(self, other): return "C.__rfloordiv__" self.assertEqual(C() // 1, "C.__floordiv__") self.assertEqual(1 // C(), "C.__rfloordiv__") # Case 3: subclass of new-style class; here it gets interesting class D(C): def __floordiv__(self, other): return "D.__floordiv__" def __rfloordiv__(self, other): return "D.__rfloordiv__" self.assertEqual(D() // C(), "D.__floordiv__") self.assertEqual(C() // D(), "D.__rfloordiv__") # Case 4: this didn't work right in 2.2.2 and 2.3a1 class E(C): pass self.assertEqual(E.__rfloordiv__, C.__rfloordiv__) self.assertEqual(E() // 1, "C.__floordiv__") self.assertEqual(1 // E(), "C.__rfloordiv__") self.assertEqual(E() // C(), "C.__floordiv__") self.assertEqual(C() // E(), "C.__floordiv__") # This one would fail @support.impl_detail("testing an internal kind of method object") def test_meth_class_get(self): # Testing __get__ method of METH_CLASS C methods... # Full coverage of descrobject.c::classmethod_get() # Baseline arg = [1, 2, 3] res = {1: None, 2: None, 3: None} self.assertEqual(dict.fromkeys(arg), res) self.assertEqual({}.fromkeys(arg), res) # Now get the descriptor descr = dict.__dict__["fromkeys"] # More baseline using the descriptor directly self.assertEqual(descr.__get__(None, dict)(arg), res) self.assertEqual(descr.__get__({})(arg), res) # Now check various error cases try: descr.__get__(None, None) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't have allowed descr.__get__(None, None)") try: descr.__get__(42) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't have allowed descr.__get__(42)") try: descr.__get__(None, 42) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't have allowed descr.__get__(None, 42)") try: descr.__get__(None, int) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("shouldn't have allowed descr.__get__(None, int)") def test_isinst_isclass(self): # Testing proxy isinstance() and isclass()... class Proxy(object): def __init__(self, obj): self.__obj = obj def __getattribute__(self, name): if name.startswith("_Proxy__"): return object.__getattribute__(self, name) else: return getattr(self.__obj, name) # Test with a classic class class C: pass a = C() pa = Proxy(a) self.assertIsInstance(a, C) # Baseline self.assertIsInstance(pa, C) # Test # Test with a classic subclass class D(C): pass a = D() pa = Proxy(a) self.assertIsInstance(a, C) # Baseline self.assertIsInstance(pa, C) # Test # Test with a new-style class class C(object): pass a = C() pa = Proxy(a) self.assertIsInstance(a, C) # Baseline self.assertIsInstance(pa, C) # Test # Test with a new-style subclass class D(C): pass a = D() pa = Proxy(a) self.assertIsInstance(a, C) # Baseline self.assertIsInstance(pa, C) # Test def test_proxy_super(self): # Testing super() for a proxy object... class Proxy(object): def __init__(self, obj): self.__obj = obj def __getattribute__(self, name): if name.startswith("_Proxy__"): return object.__getattribute__(self, name) else: return getattr(self.__obj, name) class B(object): def f(self): return "B.f" class C(B): def f(self): return super(C, self).f() + "->C.f" obj = C() p = Proxy(obj) self.assertEqual(C.__dict__["f"](p), "B.f->C.f") def test_carloverre(self): # Testing prohibition of Carlo Verre's hack... try: object.__setattr__(str, "foo", 42) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("Carlo Verre __setattr__ succeeded!") try: object.__delattr__(str, "lower") except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("Carlo Verre __delattr__ succeeded!") def test_weakref_segfault(self): # Testing weakref segfault... # SF 742911 import weakref class Provoker: def __init__(self, referrent): self.ref = weakref.ref(referrent) def __del__(self): x = self.ref() class Oops(object): pass o = Oops() o.whatever = Provoker(o) del o def test_wrapper_segfault(self): # SF 927248: deeply nested wrappers could cause stack overflow f = lambda:None for i in range(1000000): f = f.__call__ f = None def test_file_fault(self): # Testing sys.stdout is changed in getattr... test_stdout = sys.stdout class StdoutGuard: def __getattr__(self, attr): sys.stdout = sys.__stdout__ raise RuntimeError("Premature access to sys.stdout.%s" % attr) sys.stdout = StdoutGuard() try: print("Oops!") except RuntimeError: pass finally: sys.stdout = test_stdout def test_vicious_descriptor_nonsense(self): # Testing vicious_descriptor_nonsense... # A potential segfault spotted by Thomas Wouters in mail to # python-dev 2003-04-17, turned into an example & fixed by Michael # Hudson just less than four months later... class Evil(object): def __hash__(self): return hash('attr') def __eq__(self, other): del C.attr return 0 class Descr(object): def __get__(self, ob, type=None): return 1 class C(object): attr = Descr() c = C() c.__dict__[Evil()] = 0 self.assertEqual(c.attr, 1) # this makes a crash more likely: support.gc_collect() self.assertNotHasAttr(c, 'attr') def test_init(self): # SF 1155938 class Foo(object): def __init__(self): return 10 try: Foo() except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("did not test __init__() for None return") def test_method_wrapper(self): # Testing method-wrapper objects... # did not support any reflection before 2.5 # XXX should methods really support __eq__? l = [] self.assertEqual(l.__add__, l.__add__) self.assertEqual(l.__add__, [].__add__) self.assertNotEqual(l.__add__, [5].__add__) self.assertNotEqual(l.__add__, l.__mul__) self.assertEqual(l.__add__.__name__, '__add__') if hasattr(l.__add__, '__self__'): # CPython self.assertIs(l.__add__.__self__, l) self.assertIs(l.__add__.__objclass__, list) else: # Python implementations where [].__add__ is a normal bound method self.assertIs(l.__add__.im_self, l) self.assertIs(l.__add__.im_class, list) self.assertEqual(l.__add__.__doc__, list.__add__.__doc__) try: hash(l.__add__) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("no TypeError from hash([].__add__)") t = () t += (7,) self.assertEqual(t.__add__, (7,).__add__) self.assertEqual(hash(t.__add__), hash((7,).__add__)) def test_not_implemented(self): # Testing NotImplemented... # all binary methods should be able to return a NotImplemented import operator def specialmethod(self, other): return NotImplemented def check(expr, x, y): try: exec(expr, {'x': x, 'y': y, 'operator': operator}) except TypeError: pass else: self.fail("no TypeError from %r" % (expr,)) N1 = sys.maxsize + 1 # might trigger OverflowErrors instead of # TypeErrors N2 = sys.maxsize # if sizeof(int) < sizeof(long), might trigger # ValueErrors instead of TypeErrors for name, expr, iexpr in [ ('__add__', 'x + y', 'x += y'), ('__sub__', 'x - y', 'x -= y'), ('__mul__', 'x * y', 'x *= y'), ('__matmul__', 'x @ y', 'x @= y'), ('__truediv__', 'x / y', 'x /= y'), ('__floordiv__', 'x // y', 'x //= y'), ('__mod__', 'x % y', 'x %= y'), ('__divmod__', 'divmod(x, y)', None), ('__pow__', 'x ** y', 'x **= y'), ('__lshift__', 'x << y', 'x <<= y'), ('__rshift__', 'x >> y', 'x >>= y'), ('__and__', 'x & y', 'x &= y'), ('__or__', 'x | y', 'x |= y'), ('__xor__', 'x ^ y', 'x ^= y')]: rname = '__r' + name[2:] A = type('A', (), {name: specialmethod}) a = A() check(expr, a, a) check(expr, a, N1) check(expr, a, N2) if iexpr: check(iexpr, a, a) check(iexpr, a, N1) check(iexpr, a, N2) iname = '__i' + name[2:] C = type('C', (), {iname: specialmethod}) c = C() check(iexpr, c, a) check(iexpr, c, N1) check(iexpr, c, N2) def test_assign_slice(self): # ceval.c's assign_slice used to check for # tp->tp_as_sequence->sq_slice instead of # tp->tp_as_sequence->sq_ass_slice class C(object): def __setitem__(self, idx, value): self.value = value c = C() c[1:2] = 3 self.assertEqual(c.value, 3) def test_set_and_no_get(self): # See # http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2010-January/095637.html class Descr(object): def __init__(self, name): self.name = name def __set__(self, obj, value): obj.__dict__[self.name] = value descr = Descr("a") class X(object): a = descr x = X() self.assertIs(x.a, descr) x.a = 42 self.assertEqual(x.a, 42) # Also check type_getattro for correctness. class Meta(type): pass class X(metaclass=Meta): pass X.a = 42 Meta.a = Descr("a") self.assertEqual(X.a, 42) def test_getattr_hooks(self): # issue 4230 class Descriptor(object): counter = 0 def __get__(self, obj, objtype=None): def getter(name): self.counter += 1 raise AttributeError(name) return getter descr = Descriptor() class A(object): __getattribute__ = descr class B(object): __getattr__ = descr class C(object): __getattribute__ = descr __getattr__ = descr self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, A(), "attr") self.assertEqual(descr.counter, 1) self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, B(), "attr") self.assertEqual(descr.counter, 2) self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, C(), "attr") self.assertEqual(descr.counter, 4) class EvilGetattribute(object): # This used to segfault def __getattr__(self, name): raise AttributeError(name) def __getattribute__(self, name): del EvilGetattribute.__getattr__ for i in range(5): gc.collect() raise AttributeError(name) self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, EvilGetattribute(), "attr") def test_type___getattribute__(self): self.assertRaises(TypeError, type.__getattribute__, list, type) def test_abstractmethods(self): # type pretends not to have __abstractmethods__. self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, type, "__abstractmethods__") class meta(type): pass self.assertRaises(AttributeError, getattr, meta, "__abstractmethods__") class X(object): pass with self.assertRaises(AttributeError): del X.__abstractmethods__ def test_proxy_call(self): class FakeStr: __class__ = str fake_str = FakeStr() # isinstance() reads __class__ self.assertIsInstance(fake_str, str) # call a method descriptor with self.assertRaises(TypeError): str.split(fake_str) # call a slot wrapper descriptor with self.assertRaises(TypeError): str.__add__(fake_str, "abc") def test_repr_as_str(self): # Issue #11603: crash or infinite loop when rebinding __str__ as # __repr__. class Foo: pass Foo.__repr__ = Foo.__str__ foo = Foo() self.assertRaises(RecursionError, str, foo) self.assertRaises(RecursionError, repr, foo) def test_mixing_slot_wrappers(self): class X(dict): __setattr__ = dict.__setitem__ x = X() x.y = 42 self.assertEqual(x["y"], 42) def test_slot_shadows_class_variable(self): with self.assertRaises(ValueError) as cm: class X: __slots__ = ["foo"] foo = None m = str(cm.exception) self.assertEqual("'foo' in __slots__ conflicts with class variable", m) def test_set_doc(self): class X: "elephant" X.__doc__ = "banana" self.assertEqual(X.__doc__, "banana") with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as cm: type(list).__dict__["__doc__"].__set__(list, "blah") self.assertIn("can't set list.__doc__", str(cm.exception)) with self.assertRaises(TypeError) as cm: type(X).__dict__["__doc__"].__delete__(X) self.assertIn("can't delete X.__doc__", str(cm.exception)) self.assertEqual(X.__doc__, "banana") def test_qualname(self): descriptors = [str.lower, complex.real, float.real, int.__add__] types = ['method', 'member', 'getset', 'wrapper'] # make sure we have an example of each type of descriptor for d, n in zip(descriptors, types): self.assertEqual(type(d).__name__, n + '_descriptor') for d in descriptors: qualname = d.__objclass__.__qualname__ + '.' + d.__name__ self.assertEqual(d.__qualname__, qualname) self.assertEqual(str.lower.__qualname__, 'str.lower') self.assertEqual(complex.real.__qualname__, 'complex.real') self.assertEqual(float.real.__qualname__, 'float.real') self.assertEqual(int.__add__.__qualname__, 'int.__add__') class X: pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): del X.__qualname__ self.assertRaises(TypeError, type.__dict__['__qualname__'].__set__, str, 'Oink') global Y class Y: class Inside: pass self.assertEqual(Y.__qualname__, 'Y') self.assertEqual(Y.Inside.__qualname__, 'Y.Inside') def test_qualname_dict(self): ns = {'__qualname__': 'some.name'} tp = type('Foo', (), ns) self.assertEqual(tp.__qualname__, 'some.name') self.assertNotIn('__qualname__', tp.__dict__) self.assertEqual(ns, {'__qualname__': 'some.name'}) ns = {'__qualname__': 1} self.assertRaises(TypeError, type, 'Foo', (), ns) def test_cycle_through_dict(self): # See bug #1469629 class X(dict): def __init__(self): dict.__init__(self) self.__dict__ = self x = X() x.attr = 42 wr = weakref.ref(x) del x support.gc_collect() self.assertIsNone(wr()) for o in gc.get_objects(): self.assertIsNot(type(o), X) def test_object_new_and_init_with_parameters(self): # See issue #1683368 class OverrideNeither: pass self.assertRaises(TypeError, OverrideNeither, 1) self.assertRaises(TypeError, OverrideNeither, kw=1) class OverrideNew: def __new__(cls, foo, kw=0, *args, **kwds): return object.__new__(cls, *args, **kwds) class OverrideInit: def __init__(self, foo, kw=0, *args, **kwargs): return object.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs) class OverrideBoth(OverrideNew, OverrideInit): pass for case in OverrideNew, OverrideInit, OverrideBoth: case(1) case(1, kw=2) self.assertRaises(TypeError, case, 1, 2, 3) self.assertRaises(TypeError, case, 1, 2, foo=3) def test_subclassing_does_not_duplicate_dict_descriptors(self): class Base: pass class Sub(Base): pass self.assertIn("__dict__", Base.__dict__) self.assertNotIn("__dict__", Sub.__dict__) def test_bound_method_repr(self): class Foo: def method(self): pass self.assertRegex(repr(Foo().method), r">") class Base: def method(self): pass class Derived1(Base): pass class Derived2(Base): def method(self): pass base = Base() derived1 = Derived1() derived2 = Derived2() super_d2 = super(Derived2, derived2) self.assertRegex(repr(base.method), r">") self.assertRegex(repr(derived1.method), r">") self.assertRegex(repr(derived2.method), r">") self.assertRegex(repr(super_d2.method), r">") class Foo: @classmethod def method(cls): pass foo = Foo() self.assertRegex(repr(foo.method), # access via instance r">") self.assertRegex(repr(Foo.method), # access via the class r">") class MyCallable: def __call__(self, arg): pass func = MyCallable() # func has no __name__ or __qualname__ attributes instance = object() method = types.MethodType(func, instance) self.assertRegex(repr(method), r">") func.__name__ = "name" self.assertRegex(repr(method), r">") func.__qualname__ = "qualname" self.assertRegex(repr(method), r">") class DictProxyTests(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): class C(object): def meth(self): pass self.C = C @unittest.skipIf(hasattr(sys, 'gettrace') and sys.gettrace(), 'trace function introduces __local__') def test_iter_keys(self): # Testing dict-proxy keys... it = self.C.__dict__.keys() self.assertNotIsInstance(it, list) keys = list(it) keys.sort() self.assertEqual(keys, ['__dict__', '__doc__', '__module__', '__weakref__', 'meth']) @unittest.skipIf(hasattr(sys, 'gettrace') and sys.gettrace(), 'trace function introduces __local__') def test_iter_values(self): # Testing dict-proxy values... it = self.C.__dict__.values() self.assertNotIsInstance(it, list) values = list(it) self.assertEqual(len(values), 5) @unittest.skipIf(hasattr(sys, 'gettrace') and sys.gettrace(), 'trace function introduces __local__') def test_iter_items(self): # Testing dict-proxy iteritems... it = self.C.__dict__.items() self.assertNotIsInstance(it, list) keys = [item[0] for item in it] keys.sort() self.assertEqual(keys, ['__dict__', '__doc__', '__module__', '__weakref__', 'meth']) def test_dict_type_with_metaclass(self): # Testing type of __dict__ when metaclass set... class B(object): pass class M(type): pass class C(metaclass=M): # In 2.3a1, C.__dict__ was a real dict rather than a dict proxy pass self.assertEqual(type(C.__dict__), type(B.__dict__)) def test_repr(self): # Testing mappingproxy.__repr__. # We can't blindly compare with the repr of another dict as ordering # of keys and values is arbitrary and may differ. r = repr(self.C.__dict__) self.assertTrue(r.startswith('mappingproxy('), r) self.assertTrue(r.endswith(')'), r) for k, v in self.C.__dict__.items(): self.assertIn('{!r}: {!r}'.format(k, v), r) class PTypesLongInitTest(unittest.TestCase): # This is in its own TestCase so that it can be run before any other tests. def test_pytype_long_ready(self): # Testing SF bug 551412 ... # This dumps core when SF bug 551412 isn't fixed -- # but only when test_descr.py is run separately. # (That can't be helped -- as soon as PyType_Ready() # is called for PyLong_Type, the bug is gone.) class UserLong(object): def __pow__(self, *args): pass try: pow(0, UserLong(), 0) except: pass # Another segfault only when run early # (before PyType_Ready(tuple) is called) type.mro(tuple) class MiscTests(unittest.TestCase): def test_type_lookup_mro_reference(self): # Issue #14199: _PyType_Lookup() has to keep a strong reference to # the type MRO because it may be modified during the lookup, if # __bases__ is set during the lookup for example. class MyKey(object): def __hash__(self): return hash('mykey') def __eq__(self, other): X.__bases__ = (Base2,) class Base(object): mykey = 'from Base' mykey2 = 'from Base' class Base2(object): mykey = 'from Base2' mykey2 = 'from Base2' X = type('X', (Base,), {MyKey(): 5}) # mykey is read from Base self.assertEqual(X.mykey, 'from Base') # mykey2 is read from Base2 because MyKey.__eq__ has set __bases__ self.assertEqual(X.mykey2, 'from Base2') class PicklingTests(unittest.TestCase): def _check_reduce(self, proto, obj, args=(), kwargs={}, state=None, listitems=None, dictitems=None): if proto >= 2: reduce_value = obj.__reduce_ex__(proto) if kwargs: self.assertEqual(reduce_value[0], copyreg.__newobj_ex__) self.assertEqual(reduce_value[1], (type(obj), args, kwargs)) else: self.assertEqual(reduce_value[0], copyreg.__newobj__) self.assertEqual(reduce_value[1], (type(obj),) + args) self.assertEqual(reduce_value[2], state) if listitems is not None: self.assertListEqual(list(reduce_value[3]), listitems) else: self.assertIsNone(reduce_value[3]) if dictitems is not None: self.assertDictEqual(dict(reduce_value[4]), dictitems) else: self.assertIsNone(reduce_value[4]) else: base_type = type(obj).__base__ reduce_value = (copyreg._reconstructor, (type(obj), base_type, None if base_type is object else base_type(obj))) if state is not None: reduce_value += (state,) self.assertEqual(obj.__reduce_ex__(proto), reduce_value) self.assertEqual(obj.__reduce__(), reduce_value) def test_reduce(self): protocols = range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1) args = (-101, "spam") kwargs = {'bacon': -201, 'fish': -301} state = {'cheese': -401} class C1: def __getnewargs__(self): return args obj = C1() for proto in protocols: self._check_reduce(proto, obj, args) for name, value in state.items(): setattr(obj, name, value) for proto in protocols: self._check_reduce(proto, obj, args, state=state) class C2: def __getnewargs__(self): return "bad args" obj = C2() for proto in protocols: if proto >= 2: with self.assertRaises(TypeError): obj.__reduce_ex__(proto) class C3: def __getnewargs_ex__(self): return (args, kwargs) obj = C3() for proto in protocols: if proto >= 4: self._check_reduce(proto, obj, args, kwargs) elif proto >= 2: with self.assertRaises(ValueError): obj.__reduce_ex__(proto) class C4: def __getnewargs_ex__(self): return (args, "bad dict") class C5: def __getnewargs_ex__(self): return ("bad tuple", kwargs) class C6: def __getnewargs_ex__(self): return () class C7: def __getnewargs_ex__(self): return "bad args" for proto in protocols: for cls in C4, C5, C6, C7: obj = cls() if proto >= 2: with self.assertRaises((TypeError, ValueError)): obj.__reduce_ex__(proto) class C8: def __getnewargs_ex__(self): return (args, kwargs) obj = C8() for proto in protocols: if 2 <= proto < 4: with self.assertRaises(ValueError): obj.__reduce_ex__(proto) class C9: def __getnewargs_ex__(self): return (args, {}) obj = C9() for proto in protocols: self._check_reduce(proto, obj, args) class C10: def __getnewargs_ex__(self): raise IndexError obj = C10() for proto in protocols: if proto >= 2: with self.assertRaises(IndexError): obj.__reduce_ex__(proto) class C11: def __getstate__(self): return state obj = C11() for proto in protocols: self._check_reduce(proto, obj, state=state) class C12: def __getstate__(self): return "not dict" obj = C12() for proto in protocols: self._check_reduce(proto, obj, state="not dict") class C13: def __getstate__(self): raise IndexError obj = C13() for proto in protocols: with self.assertRaises(IndexError): obj.__reduce_ex__(proto) if proto < 2: with self.assertRaises(IndexError): obj.__reduce__() class C14: __slots__ = tuple(state) def __init__(self): for name, value in state.items(): setattr(self, name, value) obj = C14() for proto in protocols: if proto >= 2: self._check_reduce(proto, obj, state=(None, state)) else: with self.assertRaises(TypeError): obj.__reduce_ex__(proto) with self.assertRaises(TypeError): obj.__reduce__() class C15(dict): pass obj = C15({"quebec": -601}) for proto in protocols: self._check_reduce(proto, obj, dictitems=dict(obj)) class C16(list): pass obj = C16(["yukon"]) for proto in protocols: self._check_reduce(proto, obj, listitems=list(obj)) def test_special_method_lookup(self): protocols = range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1) class Picky: def __getstate__(self): return {} def __getattr__(self, attr): if attr in ("__getnewargs__", "__getnewargs_ex__"): raise AssertionError(attr) return None for protocol in protocols: state = {} if protocol >= 2 else None self._check_reduce(protocol, Picky(), state=state) def _assert_is_copy(self, obj, objcopy, msg=None): """Utility method to verify if two objects are copies of each others. """ if msg is None: msg = "{!r} is not a copy of {!r}".format(obj, objcopy) if type(obj).__repr__ is object.__repr__: # We have this limitation for now because we use the object's repr # to help us verify that the two objects are copies. This allows # us to delegate the non-generic verification logic to the objects # themselves. raise ValueError("object passed to _assert_is_copy must " + "override the __repr__ method.") self.assertIsNot(obj, objcopy, msg=msg) self.assertIs(type(obj), type(objcopy), msg=msg) if hasattr(obj, '__dict__'): self.assertDictEqual(obj.__dict__, objcopy.__dict__, msg=msg) self.assertIsNot(obj.__dict__, objcopy.__dict__, msg=msg) if hasattr(obj, '__slots__'): self.assertListEqual(obj.__slots__, objcopy.__slots__, msg=msg) for slot in obj.__slots__: self.assertEqual( hasattr(obj, slot), hasattr(objcopy, slot), msg=msg) self.assertEqual(getattr(obj, slot, None), getattr(objcopy, slot, None), msg=msg) self.assertEqual(repr(obj), repr(objcopy), msg=msg) @staticmethod def _generate_pickle_copiers(): """Utility method to generate the many possible pickle configurations. """ class PickleCopier: "This class copies object using pickle." def __init__(self, proto, dumps, loads): self.proto = proto self.dumps = dumps self.loads = loads def copy(self, obj): return self.loads(self.dumps(obj, self.proto)) def __repr__(self): # We try to be as descriptive as possible here since this is # the string which we will allow us to tell the pickle # configuration we are using during debugging. return ("PickleCopier(proto={}, dumps={}.{}, loads={}.{})" .format(self.proto, self.dumps.__module__, self.dumps.__qualname__, self.loads.__module__, self.loads.__qualname__)) return (PickleCopier(*args) for args in itertools.product(range(pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + 1), {pickle.dumps, pickle._dumps}, {pickle.loads, pickle._loads})) def test_pickle_slots(self): # Tests pickling of classes with __slots__. # Pickling of classes with __slots__ but without __getstate__ should # fail (if using protocol 0 or 1) global C class C: __slots__ = ['a'] with self.assertRaises(TypeError): pickle.dumps(C(), 0) global D class D(C): pass with self.assertRaises(TypeError): pickle.dumps(D(), 0) class C: "A class with __getstate__ and __setstate__ implemented." __slots__ = ['a'] def __getstate__(self): state = getattr(self, '__dict__', {}).copy() for cls in type(self).__mro__: for slot in cls.__dict__.get('__slots__', ()): try: state[slot] = getattr(self, slot) except AttributeError: pass return state def __setstate__(self, state): for k, v in state.items(): setattr(self, k, v) def __repr__(self): return "%s()<%r>" % (type(self).__name__, self.__getstate__()) class D(C): "A subclass of a class with slots." pass global E class E(C): "A subclass with an extra slot." __slots__ = ['b'] # Now it should work for pickle_copier in self._generate_pickle_copiers(): with self.subTest(pickle_copier=pickle_copier): x = C() y = pickle_copier.copy(x) self._assert_is_copy(x, y) x.a = 42 y = pickle_copier.copy(x) self._assert_is_copy(x, y) x = D() x.a = 42 x.b = 100 y = pickle_copier.copy(x) self._assert_is_copy(x, y) x = E() x.a = 42 x.b = "foo" y = pickle_copier.copy(x) self._assert_is_copy(x, y) def test_reduce_copying(self): # Tests pickling and copying new-style classes and objects. global C1 class C1: "The state of this class is copyable via its instance dict." ARGS = (1, 2) NEED_DICT_COPYING = True def __init__(self, a, b): super().__init__() self.a = a self.b = b def __repr__(self): return "C1(%r, %r)" % (self.a, self.b) global C2 class C2(list): "A list subclass copyable via __getnewargs__." ARGS = (1, 2) NEED_DICT_COPYING = False def __new__(cls, a, b): self = super().__new__(cls) self.a = a self.b = b return self def __init__(self, *args): super().__init__() # This helps testing that __init__ is not called during the # unpickling process, which would cause extra appends. self.append("cheese") @classmethod def __getnewargs__(cls): return cls.ARGS def __repr__(self): return "C2(%r, %r)<%r>" % (self.a, self.b, list(self)) global C3 class C3(list): "A list subclass copyable via __getstate__." ARGS = (1, 2) NEED_DICT_COPYING = False def __init__(self, a, b): self.a = a self.b = b # This helps testing that __init__ is not called during the # unpickling process, which would cause extra appends. self.append("cheese") @classmethod def __getstate__(cls): return cls.ARGS def __setstate__(self, state): a, b = state self.a = a self.b = b def __repr__(self): return "C3(%r, %r)<%r>" % (self.a, self.b, list(self)) global C4 class C4(int): "An int subclass copyable via __getnewargs__." ARGS = ("hello", "world", 1) NEED_DICT_COPYING = False def __new__(cls, a, b, value): self = super().__new__(cls, value) self.a = a self.b = b return self @classmethod def __getnewargs__(cls): return cls.ARGS def __repr__(self): return "C4(%r, %r)<%r>" % (self.a, self.b, int(self)) global C5 class C5(int): "An int subclass copyable via __getnewargs_ex__." ARGS = (1, 2) KWARGS = {'value': 3} NEED_DICT_COPYING = False def __new__(cls, a, b, *, value=0): self = super().__new__(cls, value) self.a = a self.b = b return self @classmethod def __getnewargs_ex__(cls): return (cls.ARGS, cls.KWARGS) def __repr__(self): return "C5(%r, %r)<%r>" % (self.a, self.b, int(self)) test_classes = (C1, C2, C3, C4, C5) # Testing copying through pickle pickle_copiers = self._generate_pickle_copiers() for cls, pickle_copier in itertools.product(test_classes, pickle_copiers): with self.subTest(cls=cls, pickle_copier=pickle_copier): kwargs = getattr(cls, 'KWARGS', {}) obj = cls(*cls.ARGS, **kwargs) proto = pickle_copier.proto if 2 <= proto < 4 and hasattr(cls, '__getnewargs_ex__'): with self.assertRaises(ValueError): pickle_copier.dumps(obj, proto) continue objcopy = pickle_copier.copy(obj) self._assert_is_copy(obj, objcopy) # For test classes that supports this, make sure we didn't go # around the reduce protocol by simply copying the attribute # dictionary. We clear attributes using the previous copy to # not mutate the original argument. if proto >= 2 and not cls.NEED_DICT_COPYING: objcopy.__dict__.clear() objcopy2 = pickle_copier.copy(objcopy) self._assert_is_copy(obj, objcopy2) # Testing copying through copy.deepcopy() for cls in test_classes: with self.subTest(cls=cls): kwargs = getattr(cls, 'KWARGS', {}) obj = cls(*cls.ARGS, **kwargs) # XXX: We need to modify the copy module to support PEP 3154's # reduce protocol 4. if hasattr(cls, '__getnewargs_ex__'): continue objcopy = deepcopy(obj) self._assert_is_copy(obj, objcopy) # For test classes that supports this, make sure we didn't go # around the reduce protocol by simply copying the attribute # dictionary. We clear attributes using the previous copy to # not mutate the original argument. if not cls.NEED_DICT_COPYING: objcopy.__dict__.clear() objcopy2 = deepcopy(objcopy) self._assert_is_copy(obj, objcopy2) class SharedKeyTests(unittest.TestCase): @support.cpython_only def test_subclasses(self): # Verify that subclasses can share keys (per PEP 412) class A: pass class B(A): pass a, b = A(), B() self.assertEqual(sys.getsizeof(vars(a)), sys.getsizeof(vars(b))) self.assertLess(sys.getsizeof(vars(a)), sys.getsizeof({})) a.x, a.y, a.z, a.w = range(4) self.assertNotEqual(sys.getsizeof(vars(a)), sys.getsizeof(vars(b))) a2 = A() self.assertEqual(sys.getsizeof(vars(a)), sys.getsizeof(vars(a2))) self.assertLess(sys.getsizeof(vars(a)), sys.getsizeof({})) b.u, b.v, b.w, b.t = range(4) self.assertLess(sys.getsizeof(vars(b)), sys.getsizeof({})) class DebugHelperMeta(type): """ Sets default __doc__ and simplifies repr() output. """ def __new__(mcls, name, bases, attrs): if attrs.get('__doc__') is None: attrs['__doc__'] = name # helps when debugging with gdb return type.__new__(mcls, name, bases, attrs) def __repr__(cls): return repr(cls.__name__) class MroTest(unittest.TestCase): """ Regressions for some bugs revealed through mcsl.mro() customization (typeobject.c: mro_internal()) and cls.__bases__ assignment (typeobject.c: type_set_bases()). """ def setUp(self): self.step = 0 self.ready = False def step_until(self, limit): ret = (self.step < limit) if ret: self.step += 1 return ret def test_incomplete_set_bases_on_self(self): """ type_set_bases must be aware that type->tp_mro can be NULL. """ class M(DebugHelperMeta): def mro(cls): if self.step_until(1): assert cls.__mro__ is None cls.__bases__ += () return type.mro(cls) class A(metaclass=M): pass def test_reent_set_bases_on_base(self): """ Deep reentrancy must not over-decref old_mro. """ class M(DebugHelperMeta): def mro(cls): if cls.__mro__ is not None and cls.__name__ == 'B': # 4-5 steps are usually enough to make it crash somewhere if self.step_until(10): A.__bases__ += () return type.mro(cls) class A(metaclass=M): pass class B(A): pass B.__bases__ += () def test_reent_set_bases_on_direct_base(self): """ Similar to test_reent_set_bases_on_base, but may crash differently. """ class M(DebugHelperMeta): def mro(cls): base = cls.__bases__[0] if base is not object: if self.step_until(5): base.__bases__ += () return type.mro(cls) class A(metaclass=M): pass class B(A): pass class C(B): pass def test_reent_set_bases_tp_base_cycle(self): """ type_set_bases must check for an inheritance cycle not only through MRO of the type, which may be not yet updated in case of reentrance, but also through tp_base chain, which is assigned before diving into inner calls to mro(). Otherwise, the following snippet can loop forever: do { // ... type = type->tp_base; } while (type != NULL); Functions that rely on tp_base (like solid_base and PyType_IsSubtype) would not be happy in that case, causing a stack overflow. """ class M(DebugHelperMeta): def mro(cls): if self.ready: if cls.__name__ == 'B1': B2.__bases__ = (B1,) if cls.__name__ == 'B2': B1.__bases__ = (B2,) return type.mro(cls) class A(metaclass=M): pass class B1(A): pass class B2(A): pass self.ready = True with self.assertRaises(TypeError): B1.__bases__ += () def test_tp_subclasses_cycle_in_update_slots(self): """ type_set_bases must check for reentrancy upon finishing its job by updating tp_subclasses of old/new bases of the type. Otherwise, an implicit inheritance cycle through tp_subclasses can break functions that recurse on elements of that field (like recurse_down_subclasses and mro_hierarchy) eventually leading to a stack overflow. """ class M(DebugHelperMeta): def mro(cls): if self.ready and cls.__name__ == 'C': self.ready = False C.__bases__ = (B2,) return type.mro(cls) class A(metaclass=M): pass class B1(A): pass class B2(A): pass class C(A): pass self.ready = True C.__bases__ = (B1,) B1.__bases__ = (C,) self.assertEqual(C.__bases__, (B2,)) self.assertEqual(B2.__subclasses__(), [C]) self.assertEqual(B1.__subclasses__(), []) self.assertEqual(B1.__bases__, (C,)) self.assertEqual(C.__subclasses__(), [B1]) def test_tp_subclasses_cycle_error_return_path(self): """ The same as test_tp_subclasses_cycle_in_update_slots, but tests a code path executed on error (goto bail). """ class E(Exception): pass class M(DebugHelperMeta): def mro(cls): if self.ready and cls.__name__ == 'C': if C.__bases__ == (B2,): self.ready = False else: C.__bases__ = (B2,) raise E return type.mro(cls) class A(metaclass=M): pass class B1(A): pass class B2(A): pass class C(A): pass self.ready = True with self.assertRaises(E): C.__bases__ = (B1,) B1.__bases__ = (C,) self.assertEqual(C.__bases__, (B2,)) self.assertEqual(C.__mro__, tuple(type.mro(C))) def test_incomplete_extend(self): """ Extending an unitialized type with type->tp_mro == NULL must throw a reasonable TypeError exception, instead of failing with PyErr_BadInternalCall. """ class M(DebugHelperMeta): def mro(cls): if cls.__mro__ is None and cls.__name__ != 'X': with self.assertRaises(TypeError): class X(cls): pass return type.mro(cls) class A(metaclass=M): pass def test_incomplete_super(self): """ Attrubute lookup on a super object must be aware that its target type can be uninitialized (type->tp_mro == NULL). """ class M(DebugHelperMeta): def mro(cls): if cls.__mro__ is None: with self.assertRaises(AttributeError): super(cls, cls).xxx return type.mro(cls) class A(metaclass=M): pass def test_main(): # Run all local test cases, with PTypesLongInitTest first. support.run_unittest(PTypesLongInitTest, OperatorsTest, ClassPropertiesAndMethods, DictProxyTests, MiscTests, PicklingTests, SharedKeyTests, MroTest) if __name__ == "__main__": test_main()