#!/usr/bin/env python ''' Python unit testing framework, based on Erich Gamma's JUnit and Kent Beck's Smalltalk testing framework. This module contains the core framework classes that form the basis of specific test cases and suites (TestCase, TestSuite etc.), and also a text-based utility class for running the tests and reporting the results (TextTestRunner). Simple usage: import unittest class IntegerArithmenticTestCase(unittest.TestCase): def testAdd(self): ## test method names begin 'test*' self.assertEqual((1 + 2), 3) self.assertEqual(0 + 1, 1) def testMultiply(self): self.assertEqual((0 * 10), 0) self.assertEqual((5 * 8), 40) if __name__ == '__main__': unittest.main() Further information is available in the bundled documentation, and from http://docs.python.org/library/unittest.html Copyright (c) 1999-2003 Steve Purcell Copyright (c) 2003-2009 Python Software Foundation This module is free software, and you may redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Python itself, so long as this copyright message and disclaimer are retained in their original form. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE TO ANY PARTY FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THIS CODE, EVEN IF THE AUTHOR HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. THE AUTHOR SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE CODE PROVIDED HEREUNDER IS ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, AND THERE IS NO OBLIGATION WHATSOEVER TO PROVIDE MAINTENANCE, SUPPORT, UPDATES, ENHANCEMENTS, OR MODIFICATIONS. ''' import difflib import functools import os import pprint import re import sys import time import traceback import types import warnings from fnmatch import fnmatch ############################################################################## # Exported classes and functions ############################################################################## __all__ = ['TestResult', 'TestCase', 'TestSuite', 'TextTestRunner', 'TestLoader', 'FunctionTestCase', 'main', 'defaultTestLoader', 'SkipTest', 'skip', 'skipIf', 'skipUnless', 'expectedFailure'] # Expose obsolete functions for backwards compatibility __all__.extend(['getTestCaseNames', 'makeSuite', 'findTestCases']) ############################################################################## # Test framework core ############################################################################## def _strclass(cls): return "%s.%s" % (cls.__module__, cls.__name__) class SkipTest(Exception): """ Raise this exception in a test to skip it. Usually you can use TestResult.skip() or one of the skipping decorators instead of raising this directly. """ pass class _ExpectedFailure(Exception): """ Raise this when a test is expected to fail. This is an implementation detail. """ def __init__(self, exc_info): super(_ExpectedFailure, self).__init__() self.exc_info = exc_info class _UnexpectedSuccess(Exception): """ The test was supposed to fail, but it didn't! """ pass def _id(obj): return obj def skip(reason): """ Unconditionally skip a test. """ def decorator(test_item): if isinstance(test_item, type) and issubclass(test_item, TestCase): test_item.__unittest_skip__ = True test_item.__unittest_skip_why__ = reason return test_item @functools.wraps(test_item) def skip_wrapper(*args, **kwargs): raise SkipTest(reason) return skip_wrapper return decorator def skipIf(condition, reason): """ Skip a test if the condition is true. """ if condition: return skip(reason) return _id def skipUnless(condition, reason): """ Skip a test unless the condition is true. """ if not condition: return skip(reason) return _id def expectedFailure(func): @functools.wraps(func) def wrapper(*args, **kwargs): try: func(*args, **kwargs) except Exception: raise _ExpectedFailure(sys.exc_info()) raise _UnexpectedSuccess return wrapper __unittest = 1 class TestResult(object): """Holder for test result information. Test results are automatically managed by the TestCase and TestSuite classes, and do not need to be explicitly manipulated by writers of tests. Each instance holds the total number of tests run, and collections of failures and errors that occurred among those test runs. The collections contain tuples of (testcase, exceptioninfo), where exceptioninfo is the formatted traceback of the error that occurred. """ def __init__(self): self.failures = [] self.errors = [] self.testsRun = 0 self.skipped = [] self.expectedFailures = [] self.unexpectedSuccesses = [] self.shouldStop = False def startTest(self, test): "Called when the given test is about to be run" self.testsRun = self.testsRun + 1 def startTestRun(self): """Called once before any tests are executed. See startTest for a method called before each test. """ def stopTest(self, test): "Called when the given test has been run" pass def stopTestRun(self): """Called once after all tests are executed. See stopTest for a method called after each test. """ def addError(self, test, err): """Called when an error has occurred. 'err' is a tuple of values as returned by sys.exc_info(). """ self.errors.append((test, self._exc_info_to_string(err, test))) def addFailure(self, test, err): """Called when an error has occurred. 'err' is a tuple of values as returned by sys.exc_info().""" self.failures.append((test, self._exc_info_to_string(err, test))) def addSuccess(self, test): "Called when a test has completed successfully" pass def addSkip(self, test, reason): """Called when a test is skipped.""" self.skipped.append((test, reason)) def addExpectedFailure(self, test, err): """Called when an expected failure/error occured.""" self.expectedFailures.append( (test, self._exc_info_to_string(err, test))) def addUnexpectedSuccess(self, test): """Called when a test was expected to fail, but succeed.""" self.unexpectedSuccesses.append(test) def wasSuccessful(self): "Tells whether or not this result was a success" return len(self.failures) == len(self.errors) == 0 def stop(self): "Indicates that the tests should be aborted" self.shouldStop = True def _exc_info_to_string(self, err, test): """Converts a sys.exc_info()-style tuple of values into a string.""" exctype, value, tb = err # Skip test runner traceback levels while tb and self._is_relevant_tb_level(tb): tb = tb.tb_next if exctype is test.failureException: # Skip assert*() traceback levels length = self._count_relevant_tb_levels(tb) return ''.join(traceback.format_exception(exctype, value, tb, length)) return ''.join(traceback.format_exception(exctype, value, tb)) def _is_relevant_tb_level(self, tb): return '__unittest' in tb.tb_frame.f_globals def _count_relevant_tb_levels(self, tb): length = 0 while tb and not self._is_relevant_tb_level(tb): length += 1 tb = tb.tb_next return length def __repr__(self): return "<%s run=%i errors=%i failures=%i>" % \ (_strclass(self.__class__), self.testsRun, len(self.errors), len(self.failures)) class _AssertRaisesContext(object): """A context manager used to implement TestCase.assertRaises* methods.""" def __init__(self, expected, test_case, callable_obj=None, expected_regexp=None): self.expected = expected self.failureException = test_case.failureException if callable_obj is not None: try: self.obj_name = callable_obj.__name__ except AttributeError: self.obj_name = str(callable_obj) else: self.obj_name = None self.expected_regex = expected_regexp def __enter__(self): pass def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, tb): if exc_type is None: try: exc_name = self.expected.__name__ except AttributeError: exc_name = str(self.expected) if self.obj_name: raise self.failureException("{0} not raised by {1}" .format(exc_name, self.obj_name)) else: raise self.failureException("{0} not raised" .format(exc_name)) if not issubclass(exc_type, self.expected): # let unexpected exceptions pass through return False if self.expected_regex is None: return True expected_regexp = self.expected_regex if isinstance(expected_regexp, (bytes, str)): expected_regexp = re.compile(expected_regexp) if not expected_regexp.search(str(exc_value)): raise self.failureException('"%s" does not match "%s"' % (expected_regexp.pattern, str(exc_value))) return True class _AssertWrapper(object): """Wrap entries in the _type_equality_funcs registry to make them deep copyable.""" def __init__(self, function): self.function = function def __deepcopy__(self, memo): memo[id(self)] = self class TestCase(object): """A class whose instances are single test cases. By default, the test code itself should be placed in a method named 'runTest'. If the fixture may be used for many test cases, create as many test methods as are needed. When instantiating such a TestCase subclass, specify in the constructor arguments the name of the test method that the instance is to execute. Test authors should subclass TestCase for their own tests. Construction and deconstruction of the test's environment ('fixture') can be implemented by overriding the 'setUp' and 'tearDown' methods respectively. If it is necessary to override the __init__ method, the base class __init__ method must always be called. It is important that subclasses should not change the signature of their __init__ method, since instances of the classes are instantiated automatically by parts of the framework in order to be run. """ # This attribute determines which exception will be raised when # the instance's assertion methods fail; test methods raising this # exception will be deemed to have 'failed' rather than 'errored' failureException = AssertionError # This attribute determines whether long messages (including repr of # objects used in assert methods) will be printed on failure in *addition* # to any explicit message passed. longMessage = False def __init__(self, methodName='runTest'): """Create an instance of the class that will use the named test method when executed. Raises a ValueError if the instance does not have a method with the specified name. """ self._testMethodName = methodName self._resultForDoCleanups = None try: testMethod = getattr(self, methodName) except AttributeError: raise ValueError("no such test method in %s: %s" % \ (self.__class__, methodName)) self._testMethodDoc = testMethod.__doc__ self._cleanups = [] # Map types to custom assertEqual functions that will compare # instances of said type in more detail to generate a more useful # error message. self._type_equality_funcs = {} self.addTypeEqualityFunc(dict, self.assertDictEqual) self.addTypeEqualityFunc(list, self.assertListEqual) self.addTypeEqualityFunc(tuple, self.assertTupleEqual) self.addTypeEqualityFunc(set, self.assertSetEqual) self.addTypeEqualityFunc(frozenset, self.assertSetEqual) def addTypeEqualityFunc(self, typeobj, function): """Add a type specific assertEqual style function to compare a type. This method is for use by TestCase subclasses that need to register their own type equality functions to provide nicer error messages. Args: typeobj: The data type to call this function on when both values are of the same type in assertEqual(). function: The callable taking two arguments and an optional msg= argument that raises self.failureException with a useful error message when the two arguments are not equal. """ self._type_equality_funcs[typeobj] = _AssertWrapper(function) def addCleanup(self, function, *args, **kwargs): """Add a function, with arguments, to be called when the test is completed. Functions added are called on a LIFO basis and are called after tearDown on test failure or success. Cleanup items are called even if setUp fails (unlike tearDown).""" self._cleanups.append((function, args, kwargs)) def setUp(self): "Hook method for setting up the test fixture before exercising it." pass def tearDown(self): "Hook method for deconstructing the test fixture after testing it." pass def countTestCases(self): return 1 def defaultTestResult(self): return TestResult() def shortDescription(self): """Returns both the test method name and first line of its docstring. If no docstring is given, only returns the method name. This method overrides unittest.TestCase.shortDescription(), which only returns the first line of the docstring, obscuring the name of the test upon failure. """ desc = str(self) doc_first_line = None if self._testMethodDoc: doc_first_line = self._testMethodDoc.split("\n")[0].strip() if doc_first_line: desc = '\n'.join((desc, doc_first_line)) return desc def id(self): return "%s.%s" % (_strclass(self.__class__), self._testMethodName) def __eq__(self, other): if type(self) is not type(other): return NotImplemented return self._testMethodName == other._testMethodName def __ne__(self, other): return not self == other def __hash__(self): return hash((type(self), self._testMethodName)) def __str__(self): return "%s (%s)" % (self._testMethodName, _strclass(self.__class__)) def __repr__(self): return "<%s testMethod=%s>" % \ (_strclass(self.__class__), self._testMethodName) def run(self, result=None): orig_result = result if result is None: result = self.defaultTestResult() startTestRun = getattr(result, 'startTestRun', None) if startTestRun is not None: startTestRun() self._resultForDoCleanups = result result.startTest(self) if getattr(self.__class__, "__unittest_skip__", False): # If the whole class was skipped. try: result.addSkip(self, self.__class__.__unittest_skip_why__) finally: result.stopTest(self) return testMethod = getattr(self, self._testMethodName) try: success = False try: self.setUp() except SkipTest as e: result.addSkip(self, str(e)) except Exception: result.addError(self, sys.exc_info()) else: try: testMethod() except self.failureException: result.addFailure(self, sys.exc_info()) except _ExpectedFailure as e: result.addExpectedFailure(self, e.exc_info) except _UnexpectedSuccess: result.addUnexpectedSuccess(self) except SkipTest as e: result.addSkip(self, str(e)) except Exception: result.addError(self, sys.exc_info()) else: success = True try: self.tearDown() except Exception: result.addError(self, sys.exc_info()) success = False cleanUpSuccess = self.doCleanups() success = success and cleanUpSuccess if success: result.addSuccess(self) finally: result.stopTest(self) if orig_result is None: stopTestRun = getattr(result, 'stopTestRun', None) if stopTestRun is not None: stopTestRun() def doCleanups(self): """Execute all cleanup functions. Normally called for you after tearDown.""" result = self._resultForDoCleanups ok = True while self._cleanups: function, args, kwargs = self._cleanups.pop(-1) try: function(*args, **kwargs) except Exception: ok = False result.addError(self, sys.exc_info()) return ok def __call__(self, *args, **kwds): return self.run(*args, **kwds) def debug(self): """Run the test without collecting errors in a TestResult""" self.setUp() getattr(self, self._testMethodName)() self.tearDown() def skipTest(self, reason): """Skip this test.""" raise SkipTest(reason) def fail(self, msg=None): """Fail immediately, with the given message.""" raise self.failureException(msg) def assertFalse(self, expr, msg=None): "Fail the test if the expression is true." if expr: msg = self._formatMessage(msg, "%r is not False" % expr) raise self.failureException(msg) def assertTrue(self, expr, msg=None): """Fail the test unless the expression is true.""" if not expr: msg = self._formatMessage(msg, "%r is not True" % expr) raise self.failureException(msg) def _formatMessage(self, msg, standardMsg): """Honour the longMessage attribute when generating failure messages. If longMessage is False this means: * Use only an explicit message if it is provided * Otherwise use the standard message for the assert If longMessage is True: * Use the standard message * If an explicit message is provided, plus ' : ' and the explicit message """ if not self.longMessage: return msg or standardMsg if msg is None: return standardMsg return standardMsg + ' : ' + msg def assertRaises(self, excClass, callableObj=None, *args, **kwargs): """Fail unless an exception of class excClass is thrown by callableObj when invoked with arguments args and keyword arguments kwargs. If a different type of exception is thrown, it will not be caught, and the test case will be deemed to have suffered an error, exactly as for an unexpected exception. If called with callableObj omitted or None, will return a context object used like this:: with self.assertRaises(some_error_class): do_something() """ context = _AssertRaisesContext(excClass, self, callableObj) if callableObj is None: return context with context: callableObj(*args, **kwargs) def _getAssertEqualityFunc(self, first, second): """Get a detailed comparison function for the types of the two args. Returns: A callable accepting (first, second, msg=None) that will raise a failure exception if first != second with a useful human readable error message for those types. """ # # NOTE(gregory.p.smith): I considered isinstance(first, type(second)) # and vice versa. I opted for the conservative approach in case # subclasses are not intended to be compared in detail to their super # class instances using a type equality func. This means testing # subtypes won't automagically use the detailed comparison. Callers # should use their type specific assertSpamEqual method to compare # subclasses if the detailed comparison is desired and appropriate. # See the discussion in http://bugs.python.org/issue2578. # if type(first) is type(second): asserter = self._type_equality_funcs.get(type(first)) if asserter is not None: return asserter.function return self._baseAssertEqual def _baseAssertEqual(self, first, second, msg=None): """The default assertEqual implementation, not type specific.""" if not first == second: standardMsg = '%r != %r' % (first, second) msg = self._formatMessage(msg, standardMsg) raise self.failureException(msg) def assertEqual(self, first, second, msg=None): """Fail if the two objects are unequal as determined by the '==' operator. """ assertion_func = self._getAssertEqualityFunc(first, second) assertion_func(first, second, msg=msg) def assertNotEqual(self, first, second, msg=None): """Fail if the two objects are equal as determined by the '==' operator. """ if not first != second: msg = self._formatMessage(msg, '%r == %r' % (first, second)) raise self.failureException(msg) def assertAlmostEqual(self, first, second, *, places=7, msg=None): """Fail if the two objects are unequal as determined by their difference rounded to the given number of decimal places (default 7) and comparing to zero. Note that decimal places (from zero) are usually not the same as significant digits (measured from the most signficant digit). """ if round(abs(second-first), places) != 0: standardMsg = '%r != %r within %r places' % (first, second, places) msg = self._formatMessage(msg, standardMsg) raise self.failureException(msg) def assertNotAlmostEqual(self, first, second, *, places=7, msg=None): """Fail if the two objects are equal as determined by their difference rounded to the given number of decimal places (default 7) and comparing to zero. Note that decimal places (from zero) are usually not the same as significant digits (measured from the most signficant digit). """ if round(abs(second-first), places) == 0: standardMsg = '%r == %r within %r places' % (first, second, places) msg = self._formatMessage(msg, standardMsg) raise self.failureException(msg) # Synonyms for assertion methods # The plurals are undocumented. Keep them that way to discourage use. # Do not add more. Do not remove. # Going through a deprecation cycle on these would annoy many people. assertEquals = assertEqual assertNotEquals = assertNotEqual assertAlmostEquals = assertAlmostEqual assertNotAlmostEquals = assertNotAlmostEqual assert_ = assertTrue # These fail* assertion method names are pending deprecation and will # be a DeprecationWarning in 3.2; http://bugs.python.org/issue2578 def _deprecate(original_func): def deprecated_func(*args, **kwargs): warnings.warn( 'Please use {0} instead.'.format(original_func.__name__), PendingDeprecationWarning, 2) return original_func(*args, **kwargs) return deprecated_func failUnlessEqual = _deprecate(assertEqual) failIfEqual = _deprecate(assertNotEqual) failUnlessAlmostEqual = _deprecate(assertAlmostEqual) failIfAlmostEqual = _deprecate(assertNotAlmostEqual) failUnless = _deprecate(assertTrue) failUnlessRaises = _deprecate(assertRaises) failIf = _deprecate(assertFalse) def assertSequenceEqual(self, seq1, seq2, msg=None, seq_type=None): """An equality assertion for ordered sequences (like lists and tuples). For the purposes of this function, a valid orderd sequence type is one which can be indexed, has a length, and has an equality operator. Args: seq1: The first sequence to compare. seq2: The second sequence to compare. seq_type: The expected datatype of the sequences, or None if no datatype should be enforced. msg: Optional message to use on failure instead of a list of differences. """ if seq_type != None: seq_type_name = seq_type.__name__ if not isinstance(seq1, seq_type): raise self.failureException('First sequence is not a %s: %r' % (seq_type_name, seq1)) if not isinstance(seq2, seq_type): raise self.failureException('Second sequence is not a %s: %r' % (seq_type_name, seq2)) else: seq_type_name = "sequence" differing = None try: len1 = len(seq1) except (TypeError, NotImplementedError): differing = 'First %s has no length. Non-sequence?' % ( seq_type_name) if differing is None: try: len2 = len(seq2) except (TypeError, NotImplementedError): differing = 'Second %s has no length. Non-sequence?' % ( seq_type_name) if differing is None: if seq1 == seq2: return seq1_repr = repr(seq1) seq2_repr = repr(seq2) if len(seq1_repr) > 30: seq1_repr = seq1_repr[:30] + '...' if len(seq2_repr) > 30: seq2_repr = seq2_repr[:30] + '...' elements = (seq_type_name.capitalize(), seq1_repr, seq2_repr) differing = '%ss differ: %s != %s\n' % elements for i in range(min(len1, len2)): try: item1 = seq1[i] except (TypeError, IndexError, NotImplementedError): differing += ('\nUnable to index element %d of first %s\n' % (i, seq_type_name)) break try: item2 = seq2[i] except (TypeError, IndexError, NotImplementedError): differing += ('\nUnable to index element %d of second %s\n' % (i, seq_type_name)) break if item1 != item2: differing += ('\nFirst differing element %d:\n%s\n%s\n' % (i, item1, item2)) break else: if (len1 == len2 and seq_type is None and type(seq1) != type(seq2)): # The sequences are the same, but have differing types. return if len1 > len2: differing += ('\nFirst %s contains %d additional ' 'elements.\n' % (seq_type_name, len1 - len2)) try: differing += ('First extra element %d:\n%s\n' % (len2, seq1[len2])) except (TypeError, IndexError, NotImplementedError): differing += ('Unable to index element %d ' 'of first %s\n' % (len2, seq_type_name)) elif len1 < len2: differing += ('\nSecond %s contains %d additional ' 'elements.\n' % (seq_type_name, len2 - len1)) try: differing += ('First extra element %d:\n%s\n' % (len1, seq2[len1])) except (TypeError, IndexError, NotImplementedError): differing += ('Unable to index element %d ' 'of second %s\n' % (len1, seq_type_name)) standardMsg = differing + '\n' + '\n'.join(difflib.ndiff(pprint.pformat(seq1).splitlines(), pprint.pformat(seq2).splitlines())) msg = self._formatMessage(msg, standardMsg) self.fail(msg) def assertListEqual(self, list1, list2, msg=None): """A list-specific equality assertion. Args: list1: The first list to compare. list2: The second list to compare. msg: Optional message to use on failure instead of a list of differences. """ self.assertSequenceEqual(list1, list2, msg, seq_type=list) def assertTupleEqual(self, tuple1, tuple2, msg=None): """A tuple-specific equality assertion. Args: tuple1: The first tuple to compare. tuple2: The second tuple to compare. msg: Optional message to use on failure instead of a list of differences. """ self.assertSequenceEqual(tuple1, tuple2, msg, seq_type=tuple) def assertSetEqual(self, set1, set2, msg=None): """A set-specific equality assertion. Args: set1: The first set to compare. set2: The second set to compare. msg: Optional message to use on failure instead of a list of differences. For more general containership equality, assertSameElements will work with things other than sets. This uses ducktyping to support different types of sets, and is optimized for sets specifically (parameters must support a difference method). """ try: difference1 = set1.difference(set2) except TypeError as e: self.fail('invalid type when attempting set difference: %s' % e) except AttributeError as e: self.fail('first argument does not support set difference: %s' % e) try: difference2 = set2.difference(set1) except TypeError as e: self.fail('invalid type when attempting set difference: %s' % e) except AttributeError as e: self.fail('second argument does not support set difference: %s' % e) if not (difference1 or difference2): return lines = [] if difference1: lines.append('Items in the first set but not the second:') for item in difference1: lines.append(repr(item)) if difference2: lines.append('Items in the second set but not the first:') for item in difference2: lines.append(repr(item)) standardMsg = '\n'.join(lines) self.fail(self._formatMessage(msg, standardMsg)) def assertIn(self, member, container, msg=None): """Just like self.assertTrue(a in b), but with a nicer default message.""" if member not in container: standardMsg = '%r not found in %r' % (member, container) self.fail(self._formatMessage(msg, standardMsg)) def assertNotIn(self, member, container, msg=None): """Just like self.assertTrue(a not in b), but with a nicer default message.""" if member in container: standardMsg = '%r unexpectedly found in %r' % (member, container) self.fail(self._formatMessage(msg, standardMsg)) def assertIs(self, expr1, expr2, msg=None): """Just like self.assertTrue(a is b), but with a nicer default message.""" if expr1 is not expr2: standardMsg = '%r is not %r' % (expr1, expr2) self.fail(self._formatMessage(msg, standardMsg)) def assertIsNot(self, expr1, expr2, msg=None): """Just like self.assertTrue(a is not b), but with a nicer default message.""" if expr1 is expr2: standardMsg = 'unexpectedly identical: %r' % (expr1,) self.fail(self._formatMessage(msg, standardMsg)) def assertDictEqual(self, d1, d2, msg=None): self.assert_(isinstance(d1, dict), 'First argument is not a dictionary') self.assert_(isinstance(d2, dict), 'Second argument is not a dictionary') if d1 != d2: standardMsg = ('\n' + '\n'.join(difflib.ndiff( pprint.pformat(d1).splitlines(), pprint.pformat(d2).splitlines()))) self.fail(self._formatMessage(msg, standardMsg)) def assertDictContainsSubset(self, expected, actual, msg=None): """Checks whether actual is a superset of expected.""" missing = [] mismatched = [] for key, value in expected.items(): if key not in actual: missing.append(key) elif value != actual[key]: mismatched.append('%s, expected: %s, actual: %s' % (key, value, actual[key])) if not (missing or mismatched): return standardMsg = '' if missing: standardMsg = 'Missing: %r' % ','.join(missing) if mismatched: if standardMsg: standardMsg += '; ' standardMsg += 'Mismatched values: %s' % ','.join(mismatched) self.fail(self._formatMessage(msg, standardMsg)) def assertSameElements(self, expected_seq, actual_seq, msg=None): """An unordered sequence specific comparison. Raises with an error message listing which elements of expected_seq are missing from actual_seq and vice versa if any. """ try: expected = set(expected_seq) actual = set(actual_seq) missing = list(expected.difference(actual)) unexpected = list(actual.difference(expected)) missing.sort() unexpected.sort() except TypeError: # Fall back to slower list-compare if any of the objects are # not hashable. expected = list(expected_seq) actual = list(actual_seq) try: expected.sort() actual.sort() except TypeError: missing, unexpected = _UnorderableListDifference(expected, actual) else: missing, unexpected = _SortedListDifference(expected, actual) errors = [] if missing: errors.append('Expected, but missing:\n %r' % missing) if unexpected: errors.append('Unexpected, but present:\n %r' % unexpected) if errors: standardMsg = '\n'.join(errors) self.fail(self._formatMessage(msg, standardMsg)) def assertMultiLineEqual(self, first, second, msg=None): """Assert that two multi-line strings are equal.""" self.assert_(isinstance(first, str), ( 'First argument is not a string')) self.assert_(isinstance(second, str), ( 'Second argument is not a string')) if first != second: standardMsg = '\n' + ''.join(difflib.ndiff(first.splitlines(True), second.splitlines(True))) self.fail(self._formatMessage(msg, standardMsg)) def assertLess(self, a, b, msg=None): """Just like self.assertTrue(a < b), but with a nicer default message.""" if not a < b: standardMsg = '%r not less than %r' % (a, b) self.fail(self._formatMessage(msg, standardMsg)) def assertLessEqual(self, a, b, msg=None): """Just like self.assertTrue(a <= b), but with a nicer default message.""" if not a <= b: standardMsg = '%r not less than or equal to %r' % (a, b) self.fail(self._formatMessage(msg, standardMsg)) def assertGreater(self, a, b, msg=None): """Just like self.assertTrue(a > b), but with a nicer default message.""" if not a > b: standardMsg = '%r not greater than %r' % (a, b) self.fail(self._formatMessage(msg, standardMsg)) def assertGreaterEqual(self, a, b, msg=None): """Just like self.assertTrue(a >= b), but with a nicer default message.""" if not a >= b: standardMsg = '%r not greater than or equal to %r' % (a, b) self.fail(self._formatMessage(msg, standardMsg)) def assertIsNone(self, obj, msg=None): """Same as self.assertTrue(obj is None), with a nicer default message.""" if obj is not None: standardMsg = '%r is not None' % obj self.fail(self._formatMessage(msg, standardMsg)) def assertIsNotNone(self, obj, msg=None): """Included for symmetry with assertIsNone.""" if obj is None: standardMsg = 'unexpectedly None' self.fail(self._formatMessage(msg, standardMsg)) def assertRaisesRegexp(self, expected_exception, expected_regexp, callable_obj=None, *args, **kwargs): """Asserts that the message in a raised exception matches a regexp. Args: expected_exception: Exception class expected to be raised. expected_regexp: Regexp (re pattern object or string) expected to be found in error message. callable_obj: Function to be called. args: Extra args. kwargs: Extra kwargs. """ context = _AssertRaisesContext(expected_exception, self, callable_obj, expected_regexp) if callable_obj is None: return context with context: callable_obj(*args, **kwargs) def assertRegexpMatches(self, text, expected_regex, msg=None): if isinstance(expected_regex, (str, bytes)): expected_regex = re.compile(expected_regex) if not expected_regex.search(text): msg = msg or "Regexp didn't match" msg = '%s: %r not found in %r' % (msg, expected_regex.pattern, text) raise self.failureException(msg) def _SortedListDifference(expected, actual): """Finds elements in only one or the other of two, sorted input lists. Returns a two-element tuple of lists. The first list contains those elements in the "expected" list but not in the "actual" list, and the second contains those elements in the "actual" list but not in the "expected" list. Duplicate elements in either input list are ignored. """ i = j = 0 missing = [] unexpected = [] while True: try: e = expected[i] a = actual[j] if e < a: missing.append(e) i += 1 while expected[i] == e: i += 1 elif e > a: unexpected.append(a) j += 1 while actual[j] == a: j += 1 else: i += 1 try: while expected[i] == e: i += 1 finally: j += 1 while actual[j] == a: j += 1 except IndexError: missing.extend(expected[i:]) unexpected.extend(actual[j:]) break return missing, unexpected def _UnorderableListDifference(expected, actual): """Same behavior as _SortedListDifference but for lists of unorderable items (like dicts). As it does a linear search per item (remove) it has O(n*n) performance.""" missing = [] while expected: item = expected.pop() try: actual.remove(item) except ValueError: missing.append(item) # anything left in actual is unexpected return missing, actual class TestSuite(object): """A test suite is a composite test consisting of a number of TestCases. For use, create an instance of TestSuite, then add test case instances. When all tests have been added, the suite can be passed to a test runner, such as TextTestRunner. It will run the individual test cases in the order in which they were added, aggregating the results. When subclassing, do not forget to call the base class constructor. """ def __init__(self, tests=()): self._tests = [] self.addTests(tests) def __repr__(self): return "<%s tests=%s>" % (_strclass(self.__class__), list(self)) def __eq__(self, other): if not isinstance(other, self.__class__): return NotImplemented return list(self) == list(other) def __ne__(self, other): return not self == other def __iter__(self): return iter(self._tests) def countTestCases(self): cases = 0 for test in self: cases += test.countTestCases() return cases def addTest(self, test): # sanity checks if not hasattr(test, '__call__'): raise TypeError("the test to add must be callable") if isinstance(test, type) and issubclass(test, (TestCase, TestSuite)): raise TypeError("TestCases and TestSuites must be instantiated " "before passing them to addTest()") self._tests.append(test) def addTests(self, tests): if isinstance(tests, str): raise TypeError("tests must be an iterable of tests, not a string") for test in tests: self.addTest(test) def run(self, result): for test in self: if result.shouldStop: break test(result) return result def __call__(self, *args, **kwds): return self.run(*args, **kwds) def debug(self): """Run the tests without collecting errors in a TestResult""" for test in self: test.debug() class FunctionTestCase(TestCase): """A test case that wraps a test function. This is useful for slipping pre-existing test functions into the unittest framework. Optionally, set-up and tidy-up functions can be supplied. As with TestCase, the tidy-up ('tearDown') function will always be called if the set-up ('setUp') function ran successfully. """ def __init__(self, testFunc, setUp=None, tearDown=None, description=None): super(FunctionTestCase, self).__init__() self._setUpFunc = setUp self._tearDownFunc = tearDown self._testFunc = testFunc self._description = description def setUp(self): if self._setUpFunc is not None: self._setUpFunc() def tearDown(self): if self._tearDownFunc is not None: self._tearDownFunc() def runTest(self): self._testFunc() def id(self): return self._testFunc.__name__ def __eq__(self, other): if not isinstance(other, self.__class__): return NotImplemented return self._setUpFunc == other._setUpFunc and \ self._tearDownFunc == other._tearDownFunc and \ self._testFunc == other._testFunc and \ self._description == other._description def __ne__(self, other): return not self == other def __hash__(self): return hash((type(self), self._setUpFunc, self._tearDownFunc, self._testFunc, self._description)) def __str__(self): return "%s (%s)" % (_strclass(self.__class__), self._testFunc.__name__) def __repr__(self): return "<%s testFunc=%s>" % (_strclass(self.__class__), self._testFunc) def shortDescription(self): if self._description is not None: return self._description doc = self._testFunc.__doc__ return doc and doc.split("\n")[0].strip() or None ############################################################################## # Locating and loading tests ############################################################################## def CmpToKey(mycmp): 'Convert a cmp= function into a key= function' class K(object): def __init__(self, obj, *args): self.obj = obj def __lt__(self, other): return mycmp(self.obj, other.obj) == -1 return K def three_way_cmp(x, y): """Return -1 if x < y, 0 if x == y and 1 if x > y""" return (x > y) - (x < y) class TestLoader(object): """ This class is responsible for loading tests according to various criteria and returning them wrapped in a TestSuite """ testMethodPrefix = 'test' sortTestMethodsUsing = staticmethod(three_way_cmp) suiteClass = TestSuite _top_level_dir = None def loadTestsFromTestCase(self, testCaseClass): """Return a suite of all tests cases contained in testCaseClass""" if issubclass(testCaseClass, TestSuite): raise TypeError("Test cases should not be derived from TestSuite." \ " Maybe you meant to derive from TestCase?") testCaseNames = self.getTestCaseNames(testCaseClass) if not testCaseNames and hasattr(testCaseClass, 'runTest'): testCaseNames = ['runTest'] suite = self.suiteClass(map(testCaseClass, testCaseNames)) return suite def loadTestsFromModule(self, module, use_load_tests=True): """Return a suite of all tests cases contained in the given module""" tests = [] for name in dir(module): obj = getattr(module, name) if isinstance(obj, type) and issubclass(obj, TestCase): tests.append(self.loadTestsFromTestCase(obj)) load_tests = getattr(module, 'load_tests', None) if use_load_tests and load_tests is not None: return load_tests(self, tests, None) return self.suiteClass(tests) def loadTestsFromName(self, name, module=None): """Return a suite of all tests cases given a string specifier. The name may resolve either to a module, a test case class, a test method within a test case class, or a callable object which returns a TestCase or TestSuite instance. The method optionally resolves the names relative to a given module. """ parts = name.split('.') if module is None: parts_copy = parts[:] while parts_copy: try: module = __import__('.'.join(parts_copy)) break except ImportError: del parts_copy[-1] if not parts_copy: raise parts = parts[1:] obj = module for part in parts: parent, obj = obj, getattr(obj, part) if isinstance(obj, types.ModuleType): return self.loadTestsFromModule(obj) elif isinstance(obj, type) and issubclass(obj, TestCase): return self.loadTestsFromTestCase(obj) elif (isinstance(obj, types.FunctionType) and isinstance(parent, type) and issubclass(parent, TestCase)): name = obj.__name__ inst = parent(name) # static methods follow a different path if not isinstance(getattr(inst, name), types.FunctionType): return TestSuite([inst]) elif isinstance(obj, TestSuite): return obj if hasattr(obj, '__call__'): test = obj() if isinstance(test, TestSuite): return test elif isinstance(test, TestCase): return TestSuite([test]) else: raise TypeError("calling %s returned %s, not a test" % (obj, test)) else: raise TypeError("don't know how to make test from: %s" % obj) def loadTestsFromNames(self, names, module=None): """Return a suite of all tests cases found using the given sequence of string specifiers. See 'loadTestsFromName()'. """ suites = [self.loadTestsFromName(name, module) for name in names] return self.suiteClass(suites) def getTestCaseNames(self, testCaseClass): """Return a sorted sequence of method names found within testCaseClass """ def isTestMethod(attrname, testCaseClass=testCaseClass, prefix=self.testMethodPrefix): return attrname.startswith(prefix) and \ hasattr(getattr(testCaseClass, attrname), '__call__') testFnNames = list(filter(isTestMethod, dir(testCaseClass))) if self.sortTestMethodsUsing: testFnNames.sort(key=CmpToKey(self.sortTestMethodsUsing)) return testFnNames def discover(self, start_dir, pattern='test*.py', top_level_dir=None): """Find and return all test modules from the specified start directory, recursing into subdirectories to find them. Only test files that match the pattern will be loaded. (Using shell style pattern matching.) All test modules must be importable from the top level of the project. If the start directory is not the top level directory then the top level directory must be specified separately. If a test package name (directory with '__init__.py') matches the pattern then the package will be checked for a 'load_tests' function. If this exists then it will be called with loader, tests, pattern. If load_tests exists then discovery does *not* recurse into the package, load_tests is responsible for loading all tests in the package. The pattern is deliberately not stored as a loader attribute so that packages can continue discovery themselves. top_level_dir is stored so load_tests does not need to pass this argument in to loader.discover(). """ if top_level_dir is None and self._top_level_dir is not None: # make top_level_dir optional if called from load_tests in a package top_level_dir = self._top_level_dir elif top_level_dir is None: top_level_dir = start_dir top_level_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.normpath(top_level_dir)) start_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.normpath(start_dir)) if not top_level_dir in sys.path: # all test modules must be importable from the top level directory sys.path.append(top_level_dir) self._top_level_dir = top_level_dir if start_dir != top_level_dir and not os.path.isfile(os.path.join(start_dir, '__init__.py')): # what about __init__.pyc or pyo (etc) raise ImportError('Start directory is not importable: %r' % start_dir) tests = list(self._find_tests(start_dir, pattern)) return self.suiteClass(tests) def _get_module_from_path(self, path): """Load a module from a path relative to the top-level directory of a project. Used by discovery.""" path = os.path.splitext(os.path.normpath(path))[0] relpath = os.path.relpath(path, self._top_level_dir) assert not os.path.isabs(relpath), "Path must be within the project" assert not relpath.startswith('..'), "Path must be within the project" name = relpath.replace(os.path.sep, '.') __import__(name) return sys.modules[name] def _find_tests(self, start_dir, pattern): """Used by discovery. Yields test suites it loads.""" paths = os.listdir(start_dir) for path in paths: full_path = os.path.join(start_dir, path) # what about __init__.pyc or pyo (etc) # we would need to avoid loading the same tests multiple times # from '.py', '.pyc' *and* '.pyo' if os.path.isfile(full_path) and path.lower().endswith('.py'): if fnmatch(path, pattern): # if the test file matches, load it module = self._get_module_from_path(full_path) yield self.loadTestsFromModule(module) elif os.path.isdir(full_path): if not os.path.isfile(os.path.join(full_path, '__init__.py')): continue load_tests = None tests = None if fnmatch(path, pattern): # only check load_tests if the package directory itself matches the filter package = self._get_module_from_path(full_path) load_tests = getattr(package, 'load_tests', None) tests = self.loadTestsFromModule(package, use_load_tests=False) if load_tests is None: if tests is not None: # tests loaded from package file yield tests # recurse into the package for test in self._find_tests(full_path, pattern): yield test else: yield load_tests(self, tests, pattern) defaultTestLoader = TestLoader() ############################################################################## # Patches for old functions: these functions should be considered obsolete ############################################################################## def _makeLoader(prefix, sortUsing, suiteClass=None): loader = TestLoader() loader.sortTestMethodsUsing = sortUsing loader.testMethodPrefix = prefix if suiteClass: loader.suiteClass = suiteClass return loader def getTestCaseNames(testCaseClass, prefix, sortUsing=three_way_cmp): return _makeLoader(prefix, sortUsing).getTestCaseNames(testCaseClass) def makeSuite(testCaseClass, prefix='test', sortUsing=three_way_cmp, suiteClass=TestSuite): return _makeLoader(prefix, sortUsing, suiteClass).loadTestsFromTestCase( testCaseClass) def findTestCases(module, prefix='test', sortUsing=three_way_cmp, suiteClass=TestSuite): return _makeLoader(prefix, sortUsing, suiteClass).loadTestsFromModule( module) ############################################################################## # Text UI ############################################################################## class _WritelnDecorator(object): """Used to decorate file-like objects with a handy 'writeln' method""" def __init__(self,stream): self.stream = stream def __getattr__(self, attr): return getattr(self.stream,attr) def writeln(self, arg=None): if arg: self.write(arg) self.write('\n') # text-mode streams translate to \r\n if needed class _TextTestResult(TestResult): """A test result class that can print formatted text results to a stream. Used by TextTestRunner. """ separator1 = '=' * 70 separator2 = '-' * 70 def __init__(self, stream, descriptions, verbosity): super(_TextTestResult, self).__init__() self.stream = stream self.showAll = verbosity > 1 self.dots = verbosity == 1 self.descriptions = descriptions def getDescription(self, test): if self.descriptions: return test.shortDescription() or str(test) else: return str(test) def startTest(self, test): super(_TextTestResult, self).startTest(test) if self.showAll: self.stream.write(self.getDescription(test)) self.stream.write(" ... ") self.stream.flush() def addSuccess(self, test): super(_TextTestResult, self).addSuccess(test) if self.showAll: self.stream.writeln("ok") elif self.dots: self.stream.write('.') self.stream.flush() def addError(self, test, err): super(_TextTestResult, self).addError(test, err) if self.showAll: self.stream.writeln("ERROR") elif self.dots: self.stream.write('E') self.stream.flush() def addFailure(self, test, err): super(_TextTestResult, self).addFailure(test, err) if self.showAll: self.stream.writeln("FAIL") elif self.dots: self.stream.write('F') self.stream.flush() def addSkip(self, test, reason): super(_TextTestResult, self).addSkip(test, reason) if self.showAll: self.stream.writeln("skipped {0!r}".format(reason)) elif self.dots: self.stream.write("s") self.stream.flush() def addExpectedFailure(self, test, err): super(_TextTestResult, self).addExpectedFailure(test, err) if self.showAll: self.stream.writeln("expected failure") elif self.dots: self.stream.write("x") self.stream.flush() def addUnexpectedSuccess(self, test): super(_TextTestResult, self).addUnexpectedSuccess(test) if self.showAll: self.stream.writeln("unexpected success") elif self.dots: self.stream.write("u") self.stream.flush() def printErrors(self): if self.dots or self.showAll: self.stream.writeln() self.printErrorList('ERROR', self.errors) self.printErrorList('FAIL', self.failures) def printErrorList(self, flavour, errors): for test, err in errors: self.stream.writeln(self.separator1) self.stream.writeln("%s: %s" % (flavour,self.getDescription(test))) self.stream.writeln(self.separator2) self.stream.writeln("%s" % err) class TextTestRunner(object): """A test runner class that displays results in textual form. It prints out the names of tests as they are run, errors as they occur, and a summary of the results at the end of the test run. """ def __init__(self, stream=sys.stderr, descriptions=1, verbosity=1): self.stream = _WritelnDecorator(stream) self.descriptions = descriptions self.verbosity = verbosity def _makeResult(self): return _TextTestResult(self.stream, self.descriptions, self.verbosity) def run(self, test): "Run the given test case or test suite." result = self._makeResult() startTime = time.time() startTestRun = getattr(result, 'startTestRun', None) if startTestRun is not None: startTestRun() try: test(result) finally: stopTestRun = getattr(result, 'stopTestRun', None) if stopTestRun is not None: stopTestRun() stopTime = time.time() timeTaken = stopTime - startTime result.printErrors() self.stream.writeln(result.separator2) run = result.testsRun self.stream.writeln("Ran %d test%s in %.3fs" % (run, run != 1 and "s" or "", timeTaken)) self.stream.writeln() results = map(len, (result.expectedFailures, result.unexpectedSuccesses, result.skipped)) expectedFails, unexpectedSuccesses, skipped = results infos = [] if not result.wasSuccessful(): self.stream.write("FAILED") failed, errored = len(result.failures), len(result.errors) if failed: infos.append("failures=%d" % failed) if errored: infos.append("errors=%d" % errored) else: self.stream.write("OK") if skipped: infos.append("skipped=%d" % skipped) if expectedFails: infos.append("expected failures=%d" % expectedFails) if unexpectedSuccesses: infos.append("unexpected successes=%d" % unexpectedSuccesses) if infos: self.stream.writeln(" (%s)" % (", ".join(infos),)) else: self.stream.write("\n") return result ############################################################################## # Facilities for running tests from the command line ############################################################################## USAGE_AS_MAIN = """\ Usage: %(progName)s [options] [tests] Options: -h, --help Show this message -v, --verbose Verbose output -q, --quiet Minimal output Examples: %(progName)s test_module - run tests from test_module %(progName)s test_module.TestClass - run tests from test_module.TestClass %(progName)s test_module.TestClass.test_method - run specified test method [tests] can be a list of any number of test modules, classes and test methods. Alternative Usage: %(progName)s discover [options] Options: -v, --verbose Verbose output -s directory Directory to start discovery ('.' default) -p pattern Pattern to match test files ('test*.py' default) -t directory Top level directory of project (default to start directory) For test discovery all test modules must be importable from the top level directory of the project. """ USAGE_FROM_MODULE = """\ Usage: %(progName)s [options] [test] [...] Options: -h, --help Show this message -v, --verbose Verbose output -q, --quiet Minimal output Examples: %(progName)s - run default set of tests %(progName)s MyTestSuite - run suite 'MyTestSuite' %(progName)s MyTestCase.testSomething - run MyTestCase.testSomething %(progName)s MyTestCase - run all 'test*' test methods in MyTestCase """ if __name__ == '__main__': USAGE = USAGE_AS_MAIN else: USAGE = USAGE_FROM_MODULE class TestProgram(object): """A command-line program that runs a set of tests; this is primarily for making test modules conveniently executable. """ USAGE = USAGE def __init__(self, module='__main__', defaultTest=None, argv=None, testRunner=None, testLoader=defaultTestLoader, exit=True, verbosity=1): if testRunner is None: testRunner = TextTestRunner if isinstance(module, str): self.module = __import__(module) for part in module.split('.')[1:]: self.module = getattr(self.module, part) else: self.module = module if argv is None: argv = sys.argv self.exit = exit self.verbosity = verbosity self.defaultTest = defaultTest self.testRunner = testRunner self.testLoader = testLoader self.progName = os.path.basename(argv[0]) self.parseArgs(argv) self.runTests() def usageExit(self, msg=None): if msg: print(msg) print(self.USAGE % self.__dict__) sys.exit(2) def parseArgs(self, argv): if len(argv) > 1 and argv[1].lower() == 'discover': self._do_discovery(argv[2:]) return import getopt long_opts = ['help','verbose','quiet'] try: options, args = getopt.getopt(argv[1:], 'hHvq', long_opts) for opt, value in options: if opt in ('-h','-H','--help'): self.usageExit() if opt in ('-q','--quiet'): self.verbosity = 0 if opt in ('-v','--verbose'): self.verbosity = 2 if len(args) == 0 and self.defaultTest is None: self.test = self.testLoader.loadTestsFromModule(self.module) return if len(args) > 0: self.testNames = args if __name__ == '__main__': # to support python -m unittest ... self.module = None else: self.testNames = (self.defaultTest,) self.createTests() except getopt.error as msg: self.usageExit(msg) def createTests(self): self.test = self.testLoader.loadTestsFromNames(self.testNames, self.module) def _do_discovery(self, argv, Loader=TestLoader): # handle command line args for test discovery import optparse parser = optparse.OptionParser() parser.add_option('-v', '--verbose', dest='verbose', default=False, help='Verbose output', action='store_true') parser.add_option('-s', '--start-directory', dest='start', default='.', help="Directory to start discovery ('.' default)") parser.add_option('-p', '--pattern', dest='pattern', default='test*.py', help="Pattern to match tests ('test*.py' default)") parser.add_option('-t', '--top-level-directory', dest='top', default=None, help='Top level directory of project (defaults to start directory)') options, args = parser.parse_args(argv) if len(args) > 3: self.usageExit() for name, value in zip(('start', 'pattern', 'top'), args): setattr(options, name, value) if options.verbose: self.verbosity = 2 start_dir = options.start pattern = options.pattern top_level_dir = options.top loader = Loader() self.test = loader.discover(start_dir, pattern, top_level_dir) def runTests(self): if isinstance(self.testRunner, type): try: testRunner = self.testRunner(verbosity=self.verbosity) except TypeError: # didn't accept the verbosity argument testRunner = self.testRunner() else: # it is assumed to be a TestRunner instance testRunner = self.testRunner self.result = testRunner.run(self.test) if self.exit: sys.exit(not self.result.wasSuccessful()) main = TestProgram ############################################################################## # Executing this module from the command line ############################################################################## if __name__ == "__main__": sys.modules['unittest'] = sys.modules['__main__'] main(module=None)