"""distutils.command.build_ext Implements the Distutils 'build_ext' command, for building extension modules (currently limited to C extensions, should accommodate C++ extensions ASAP).""" # created 1999/08/09, Greg Ward __revision__ = "$Id$" import sys, os, string, re from types import * from distutils.core import Command from distutils.errors import * from distutils.sysconfig import customize_compiler from distutils.dep_util import newer_group from distutils.extension import Extension # An extension name is just a dot-separated list of Python NAMEs (ie. # the same as a fully-qualified module name). extension_name_re = re.compile \ (r'^[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*(\.[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z_0-9]*)*$') def show_compilers (): from distutils.ccompiler import show_compilers show_compilers() class build_ext (Command): description = "build C/C++ extensions (compile/link to build directory)" # XXX thoughts on how to deal with complex command-line options like # these, i.e. how to make it so fancy_getopt can suck them off the # command line and make it look like setup.py defined the appropriate # lists of tuples of what-have-you. # - each command needs a callback to process its command-line options # - Command.__init__() needs access to its share of the whole # command line (must ultimately come from # Distribution.parse_command_line()) # - it then calls the current command class' option-parsing # callback to deal with weird options like -D, which have to # parse the option text and churn out some custom data # structure # - that data structure (in this case, a list of 2-tuples) # will then be present in the command object by the time # we get to finalize_options() (i.e. the constructor # takes care of both command-line and client options # in between initialize_options() and finalize_options()) user_options = [ ('build-lib=', 'b', "directory for compiled extension modules"), ('build-temp=', 't', "directory for temporary files (build by-products)"), ('inplace', 'i', "ignore build-lib and put compiled extensions into the source" + "directory alongside your pure Python modules"), ('include-dirs=', 'I', "list of directories to search for header files"), ('define=', 'D', "C preprocessor macros to define"), ('undef=', 'U', "C preprocessor macros to undefine"), ('libraries=', 'l', "external C libraries to link with"), ('library-dirs=', 'L', "directories to search for external C libraries"), ('rpath=', 'R', "directories to search for shared C libraries at runtime"), ('link-objects=', 'O', "extra explicit link objects to include in the link"), ('debug', 'g', "compile/link with debugging information"), ('force', 'f', "forcibly build everything (ignore file timestamps)"), ('compiler=', 'c', "specify the compiler type"), ('swig-cpp', None, "make SWIG create C++ files (default is C)"), ] help_options = [ ('help-compiler', None, "list available compilers", show_compilers), ] def initialize_options (self): self.extensions = None self.build_lib = None self.build_temp = None self.inplace = 0 self.package = None self.include_dirs = None self.define = None self.undef = None self.libraries = None self.library_dirs = None self.rpath = None self.link_objects = None self.debug = None self.force = None self.compiler = None self.swig_cpp = None def finalize_options (self): from distutils import sysconfig self.set_undefined_options ('build', ('build_lib', 'build_lib'), ('build_temp', 'build_temp'), ('compiler', 'compiler'), ('debug', 'debug'), ('force', 'force')) if self.package is None: self.package = self.distribution.ext_package self.extensions = self.distribution.ext_modules # Make sure Python's include directories (for Python.h, config.h, # etc.) are in the include search path. py_include = sysconfig.get_python_inc() plat_py_include = sysconfig.get_python_inc(plat_specific=1) if self.include_dirs is None: self.include_dirs = self.distribution.include_dirs or [] if type (self.include_dirs) is StringType: self.include_dirs = string.split (self.include_dirs, os.pathsep) # Put the Python "system" include dir at the end, so that # any local include dirs take precedence. self.include_dirs.append (py_include) if plat_py_include != py_include: self.include_dirs.append (plat_py_include) if type (self.libraries) is StringType: self.libraries = [self.libraries] # Life is easier if we're not forever checking for None, so # simplify these options to empty lists if unset if self.libraries is None: self.libraries = [] if self.library_dirs is None: self.library_dirs = [] if self.rpath is None: self.rpath = [] # for extensions under windows use different directories # for Release and Debug builds. # also Python's library directory must be appended to library_dirs if os.name == 'nt': self.library_dirs.append (os.path.join(sys.exec_prefix, 'libs')) self.implib_dir = self.build_temp if self.debug: self.build_temp = os.path.join (self.build_temp, "Debug") else: self.build_temp = os.path.join (self.build_temp, "Release") # finalize_options () def run (self): from distutils.ccompiler import new_compiler # 'self.extensions', as supplied by setup.py, is a list of # Extension instances. See the documentation for Extension (in # distutils.extension) for details. # # For backwards compatibility with Distutils 0.8.2 and earlier, we # also allow the 'extensions' list to be a list of tuples: # (ext_name, build_info) # where build_info is a dictionary containing everything that # Extension instances do except the name, with a few things being # differently named. We convert these 2-tuples to Extension # instances as needed. if not self.extensions: return # If we were asked to build any C/C++ libraries, make sure that the # directory where we put them is in the library search path for # linking extensions. if self.distribution.has_c_libraries(): build_clib = self.get_finalized_command ('build_clib') self.libraries.extend (build_clib.get_library_names() or []) self.library_dirs.append (build_clib.build_clib) # Setup the CCompiler object that we'll use to do all the # compiling and linking self.compiler = new_compiler (compiler=self.compiler, verbose=self.verbose, dry_run=self.dry_run, force=self.force) customize_compiler(self.compiler) # And make sure that any compile/link-related options (which might # come from the command-line or from the setup script) are set in # that CCompiler object -- that way, they automatically apply to # all compiling and linking done here. if self.include_dirs is not None: self.compiler.set_include_dirs (self.include_dirs) if self.define is not None: # 'define' option is a list of (name,value) tuples for (name,value) in self.define: self.compiler.define_macro (name, value) if self.undef is not None: for macro in self.undef: self.compiler.undefine_macro (macro) if self.libraries is not None: self.compiler.set_libraries (self.libraries) if self.library_dirs is not None: self.compiler.set_library_dirs (self.library_dirs) if self.rpath is not None: self.compiler.set_runtime_library_dirs (self.rpath) if self.link_objects is not None: self.compiler.set_link_objects (self.link_objects) # Now actually compile and link everything. self.build_extensions () # run () def check_extensions_list (self, extensions): """Ensure that the list of extensions (presumably provided as a command option 'extensions') is valid, i.e. it is a list of Extension objects. We also support the old-style list of 2-tuples, where the tuples are (ext_name, build_info), which are converted to Extension instances here. Raise DistutilsSetupError if the structure is invalid anywhere; just returns otherwise. """ if type(extensions) is not ListType: raise DistutilsSetupError, \ "'ext_modules' option must be a list of Extension instances" for i in range(len(extensions)): ext = extensions[i] if isinstance(ext, Extension): continue # OK! (assume type-checking done # by Extension constructor) (ext_name, build_info) = ext self.warn(("old-style (ext_name, build_info) tuple found in " "ext_modules for extension '%s'" "-- please convert to Extension instance" % ext_name)) if type(ext) is not TupleType and len(ext) != 2: raise DistutilsSetupError, \ ("each element of 'ext_modules' option must be an " "Extension instance or 2-tuple") if not (type(ext_name) is StringType and extension_name_re.match(ext_name)): raise DistutilsSetupError, \ ("first element of each tuple in 'ext_modules' " "must be the extension name (a string)") if type(build_info) is not DictionaryType: raise DistutilsSetupError, \ ("second element of each tuple in 'ext_modules' " "must be a dictionary (build info)") # OK, the (ext_name, build_info) dict is type-safe: convert it # to an Extension instance. ext = Extension(ext_name, build_info['sources']) # Easy stuff: one-to-one mapping from dict elements to # instance attributes. for key in ('include_dirs', 'library_dirs', 'libraries', 'extra_objects', 'extra_compile_args', 'extra_link_args'): setattr(ext, key, build_info.get(key)) # Medium-easy stuff: same syntax/semantics, different names. ext.runtime_library_dirs = build_info.get('rpath') ext.export_symbol_file = build_info.get('def_file') # Non-trivial stuff: 'macros' split into 'define_macros' # and 'undef_macros'. macros = build_info.get('macros') if macros: ext.define_macros = [] ext.undef_macros = [] for macro in macros: if not (type(macro) is TupleType and 1 <= len(macros) <= 2): raise DistutilsSetupError, \ ("'macros' element of build info dict " "must be 1- or 2-tuple") if len(macro) == 1: ext.undef_macros.append(macro[0]) elif len(macro) == 2: ext.define_macros.append(macro) extensions[i] = ext # for extensions # check_extensions_list () def get_source_files (self): self.check_extensions_list(self.extensions) filenames = [] # Wouldn't it be neat if we knew the names of header files too... for ext in self.extensions: filenames.extend (ext.sources) return filenames def get_outputs (self): # Sanity check the 'extensions' list -- can't assume this is being # done in the same run as a 'build_extensions()' call (in fact, we # can probably assume that it *isn't*!). self.check_extensions_list (self.extensions) # And build the list of output (built) filenames. Note that this # ignores the 'inplace' flag, and assumes everything goes in the # "build" tree. outputs = [] for ext in self.extensions: fullname = self.get_ext_fullname (ext.name) outputs.append (os.path.join (self.build_lib, self.get_ext_filename(fullname))) return outputs # get_outputs () def build_extensions (self): # First, sanity-check the 'extensions' list self.check_extensions_list (self.extensions) for ext in self.extensions: sources = ext.sources if sources is None or type (sources) not in (ListType, TupleType): raise DistutilsSetupError, \ ("in 'ext_modules' option (extension '%s'), " + "'sources' must be present and must be " + "a list of source filenames") % ext.name sources = list (sources) fullname = self.get_ext_fullname (ext.name) if self.inplace: # ignore build-lib -- put the compiled extension into # the source tree along with pure Python modules modpath = string.split (fullname, '.') package = string.join (modpath[0:-1], '.') base = modpath[-1] build_py = self.get_finalized_command ('build_py') package_dir = build_py.get_package_dir (package) ext_filename = os.path.join (package_dir, self.get_ext_filename(base)) else: ext_filename = os.path.join (self.build_lib, self.get_ext_filename(fullname)) if not (self.force or newer_group(sources, ext_filename, 'newer')): self.announce ("skipping '%s' extension (up-to-date)" % ext.name) continue # 'for' loop over all extensions else: self.announce ("building '%s' extension" % ext.name) # First, scan the sources for SWIG definition files (.i), run # SWIG on 'em to create .c files, and modify the sources list # accordingly. sources = self.swig_sources(sources) # Next, compile the source code to object files. # XXX not honouring 'define_macros' or 'undef_macros' -- the # CCompiler API needs to change to accommodate this, and I # want to do one thing at a time! # Two possible sources for extra compiler arguments: # - 'extra_compile_args' in Extension object # - CFLAGS environment variable (not particularly # elegant, but people seem to expect it and I # guess it's useful) # The environment variable should take precedence, and # any sensible compiler will give precendence to later # command line args. Hence we combine them in order: extra_args = ext.extra_compile_args or [] # XXX and if we support CFLAGS, why not CC (compiler # executable), CPPFLAGS (pre-processor options), and LDFLAGS # (linker options) too? # XXX should we use shlex to properly parse CFLAGS? if os.environ.has_key('CFLAGS'): extra_args.extend(string.split(os.environ['CFLAGS'])) objects = self.compiler.compile (sources, output_dir=self.build_temp, #macros=macros, include_dirs=ext.include_dirs, debug=self.debug, extra_postargs=extra_args) # Now link the object files together into a "shared object" -- # of course, first we have to figure out all the other things # that go into the mix. if ext.extra_objects: objects.extend (ext.extra_objects) extra_args = ext.extra_link_args or [] # Bunch of fixing-up we have to do for Microsoft's linker. if self.compiler.compiler_type == 'msvc': self.msvc_prelink_hack(sources, ext, extra_args) self.compiler.link_shared_object ( objects, ext_filename, libraries=ext.libraries, library_dirs=ext.library_dirs, runtime_library_dirs=ext.runtime_library_dirs, extra_postargs=extra_args, debug=self.debug, build_temp=self.build_temp) # build_extensions () def swig_sources (self, sources): """Walk the list of source files in 'sources', looking for SWIG interface (.i) files. Run SWIG on all that are found, and return a modified 'sources' list with SWIG source files replaced by the generated C (or C++) files. """ new_sources = [] swig_sources = [] swig_targets = {} # XXX this drops generated C/C++ files into the source tree, which # is fine for developers who want to distribute the generated # source -- but there should be an option to put SWIG output in # the temp dir. if self.swig_cpp: target_ext = '.cpp' else: target_ext = '.c' for source in sources: (base, ext) = os.path.splitext(source) if ext == ".i": # SWIG interface file new_sources.append(base + target_ext) swig_sources.append(source) swig_targets[source] = new_sources[-1] else: new_sources.append(source) if not swig_sources: return new_sources swig = self.find_swig() swig_cmd = [swig, "-python", "-dnone", "-ISWIG"] if self.swig_cpp: swig_cmd.append ("-c++") for source in swig_sources: target = swig_targets[source] self.announce ("swigging %s to %s" % (source, target)) self.spawn(swig_cmd + ["-o", target, source]) return new_sources # swig_sources () def find_swig (self): """Return the name of the SWIG executable. On Unix, this is just "swig" -- it should be in the PATH. Tries a bit harder on Windows. """ if os.name == "posix": return "swig" elif os.name == "nt": # Look for SWIG in its standard installation directory on # Windows (or so I presume!). If we find it there, great; # if not, act like Unix and assume it's in the PATH. for vers in ("1.3", "1.2", "1.1"): fn = os.path.join("c:\\swig%s" % vers, "swig.exe") if os.path.isfile (fn): return fn else: return "swig.exe" else: raise DistutilsPlatformError, \ ("I don't know how to find (much less run) SWIG " "on platform '%s'") % os.name # find_swig () # -- Hooks 'n hacks ------------------------------------------------ def msvc_prelink_hack (self, sources, ext, extra_args): # XXX this is a kludge! Knowledge of specific compilers or # platforms really doesn't belong here; in an ideal world, the # CCompiler interface would provide access to everything in a # compiler/linker system needs to build Python extensions, and # we would just do everything nicely and cleanly through that # interface. However, this is a not an ideal world and the # CCompiler interface doesn't handle absolutely everything. # Thus, kludges like this slip in occasionally. (This is no # excuse for committing more platform- and compiler-specific # kludges; they are to be avoided if possible!) def_file = ext.export_symbol_file if def_file is not None: extra_args.append ('/DEF:' + def_file) else: modname = string.split (ext.name, '.')[-1] extra_args.append('/export:init%s' % modname) # The MSVC linker generates .lib and .exp files, which cannot be # suppressed by any linker switches. The .lib files may even be # needed! Make sure they are generated in the temporary build # directory. Since they have different names for debug and release # builds, they can go into the same directory. implib_file = os.path.join ( self.implib_dir, self.get_ext_libname (ext.name)) extra_args.append ('/IMPLIB:' + implib_file) self.mkpath (os.path.dirname (implib_file)) # msvc_prelink_hack () # -- Name generators ----------------------------------------------- # (extension names, filenames, whatever) def get_ext_fullname (self, ext_name): if self.package is None: return ext_name else: return self.package + '.' + ext_name def get_ext_filename (self, ext_name): """Convert the name of an extension (eg. "foo.bar") into the name of the file from which it will be loaded (eg. "foo/bar.so", or "foo\bar.pyd"). """ from distutils import sysconfig ext_path = string.split (ext_name, '.') # extensions in debug_mode are named 'module_d.pyd' under windows if os.name == 'nt' and self.debug: return apply (os.path.join, ext_path) + '_d' + sysconfig.SO return apply (os.path.join, ext_path) + sysconfig.SO def get_ext_libname (self, ext_name): # create a filename for the (unneeded) lib-file. # extensions in debug_mode are named 'module_d.pyd' under windows ext_path = string.split (ext_name, '.') if os.name == 'nt' and self.debug: return apply (os.path.join, ext_path) + '_d.lib' return apply (os.path.join, ext_path) + '.lib' # class build_ext