# Minimal tests for dis module from test.support import captured_stdout from test.bytecode_helper import BytecodeTestCase import unittest import sys import dis import io import re import types import contextlib def get_tb(): def _error(): try: 1 / 0 except Exception as e: tb = e.__traceback__ return tb tb = _error() while tb.tb_next: tb = tb.tb_next return tb TRACEBACK_CODE = get_tb().tb_frame.f_code class _C: def __init__(self, x): self.x = x == 1 @staticmethod def sm(x): x = x == 1 @classmethod def cm(cls, x): cls.x = x == 1 dis_c_instance_method = """\ %3d 0 LOAD_FAST 1 (x) 2 LOAD_CONST 1 (1) 4 COMPARE_OP 2 (==) 6 LOAD_FAST 0 (self) 8 STORE_ATTR 0 (x) 10 LOAD_CONST 0 (None) 12 RETURN_VALUE """ % (_C.__init__.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,) dis_c_instance_method_bytes = """\ 0 LOAD_FAST 1 (1) 2 LOAD_CONST 1 (1) 4 COMPARE_OP 2 (==) 6 LOAD_FAST 0 (0) 8 STORE_ATTR 0 (0) 10 LOAD_CONST 0 (0) 12 RETURN_VALUE """ dis_c_class_method = """\ %3d 0 LOAD_FAST 1 (x) 2 LOAD_CONST 1 (1) 4 COMPARE_OP 2 (==) 6 LOAD_FAST 0 (cls) 8 STORE_ATTR 0 (x) 10 LOAD_CONST 0 (None) 12 RETURN_VALUE """ % (_C.cm.__code__.co_firstlineno + 2,) dis_c_static_method = """\ %3d 0 LOAD_FAST 0 (x) 2 LOAD_CONST 1 (1) 4 COMPARE_OP 2 (==) 6 STORE_FAST 0 (x) 8 LOAD_CONST 0 (None) 10 RETURN_VALUE """ % (_C.sm.__code__.co_firstlineno + 2,) # Class disassembling info has an extra newline at end. dis_c = """\ Disassembly of %s: %s Disassembly of %s: %s Disassembly of %s: %s """ % (_C.__init__.__name__, dis_c_instance_method, _C.cm.__name__, dis_c_class_method, _C.sm.__name__, dis_c_static_method) def _f(a): print(a) return 1 dis_f = """\ %3d 0 LOAD_GLOBAL 0 (print) 2 LOAD_FAST 0 (a) 4 CALL_FUNCTION 1 6 POP_TOP %3d 8 LOAD_CONST 1 (1) 10 RETURN_VALUE """ % (_f.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1, _f.__code__.co_firstlineno + 2) dis_f_co_code = """\ 0 LOAD_GLOBAL 0 (0) 2 LOAD_FAST 0 (0) 4 CALL_FUNCTION 1 6 POP_TOP 8 LOAD_CONST 1 (1) 10 RETURN_VALUE """ def bug708901(): for res in range(1, 10): pass dis_bug708901 = """\ %3d 0 LOAD_GLOBAL 0 (range) 2 LOAD_CONST 1 (1) %3d 4 LOAD_CONST 2 (10) 6 CALL_FUNCTION 2 8 GET_ITER >> 10 FOR_ITER 4 (to 16) 12 STORE_FAST 0 (res) %3d 14 JUMP_ABSOLUTE 10 >> 16 LOAD_CONST 0 (None) 18 RETURN_VALUE """ % (bug708901.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1, bug708901.__code__.co_firstlineno + 2, bug708901.__code__.co_firstlineno + 3) def bug1333982(x=[]): assert 0, ([s for s in x] + 1) pass dis_bug1333982 = """\ %3d 0 LOAD_CONST 1 (0) 2 POP_JUMP_IF_TRUE 26 4 LOAD_GLOBAL 0 (AssertionError) 6 LOAD_CONST 2 ( at 0x..., file "%s", line %d>) 8 LOAD_CONST 3 ('bug1333982..') 10 MAKE_FUNCTION 0 12 LOAD_FAST 0 (x) 14 GET_ITER 16 CALL_FUNCTION 1 %3d 18 LOAD_CONST 4 (1) 20 BINARY_ADD 22 CALL_FUNCTION 1 24 RAISE_VARARGS 1 %3d >> 26 LOAD_CONST 0 (None) 28 RETURN_VALUE """ % (bug1333982.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1, __file__, bug1333982.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1, bug1333982.__code__.co_firstlineno + 2, bug1333982.__code__.co_firstlineno + 3) _BIG_LINENO_FORMAT = """\ %3d 0 LOAD_GLOBAL 0 (spam) 2 POP_TOP 4 LOAD_CONST 0 (None) 6 RETURN_VALUE """ _BIG_LINENO_FORMAT2 = """\ %4d 0 LOAD_GLOBAL 0 (spam) 2 POP_TOP 4 LOAD_CONST 0 (None) 6 RETURN_VALUE """ dis_module_expected_results = """\ Disassembly of f: 4 0 LOAD_CONST 0 (None) 2 RETURN_VALUE Disassembly of g: 5 0 LOAD_CONST 0 (None) 2 RETURN_VALUE """ expr_str = "x + 1" dis_expr_str = """\ 1 0 LOAD_NAME 0 (x) 2 LOAD_CONST 0 (1) 4 BINARY_ADD 6 RETURN_VALUE """ simple_stmt_str = "x = x + 1" dis_simple_stmt_str = """\ 1 0 LOAD_NAME 0 (x) 2 LOAD_CONST 0 (1) 4 BINARY_ADD 6 STORE_NAME 0 (x) 8 LOAD_CONST 1 (None) 10 RETURN_VALUE """ annot_stmt_str = """\ x: int = 1 y: fun(1) lst[fun(0)]: int = 1 """ # leading newline is for a reason (tests lineno) dis_annot_stmt_str = """\ 2 0 SETUP_ANNOTATIONS 2 LOAD_CONST 0 (1) 4 STORE_NAME 0 (x) 6 LOAD_NAME 1 (int) 8 LOAD_NAME 2 (__annotations__) 10 LOAD_CONST 1 ('x') 12 STORE_SUBSCR 3 14 LOAD_NAME 3 (fun) 16 LOAD_CONST 0 (1) 18 CALL_FUNCTION 1 20 LOAD_NAME 2 (__annotations__) 22 LOAD_CONST 2 ('y') 24 STORE_SUBSCR 4 26 LOAD_CONST 0 (1) 28 LOAD_NAME 4 (lst) 30 LOAD_NAME 3 (fun) 32 LOAD_CONST 3 (0) 34 CALL_FUNCTION 1 36 STORE_SUBSCR 38 LOAD_NAME 1 (int) 40 POP_TOP 42 LOAD_CONST 4 (None) 44 RETURN_VALUE """ compound_stmt_str = """\ x = 0 while 1: x += 1""" # Trailing newline has been deliberately omitted dis_compound_stmt_str = """\ 1 0 LOAD_CONST 0 (0) 2 STORE_NAME 0 (x) 3 >> 4 LOAD_NAME 0 (x) 6 LOAD_CONST 1 (1) 8 INPLACE_ADD 10 STORE_NAME 0 (x) 12 JUMP_ABSOLUTE 4 14 LOAD_CONST 2 (None) 16 RETURN_VALUE """ dis_traceback = """\ %3d 0 SETUP_FINALLY 12 (to 14) %3d 2 LOAD_CONST 1 (1) 4 LOAD_CONST 2 (0) --> 6 BINARY_TRUE_DIVIDE 8 POP_TOP 10 POP_BLOCK 12 JUMP_FORWARD 40 (to 54) %3d >> 14 DUP_TOP 16 LOAD_GLOBAL 0 (Exception) 18 COMPARE_OP 10 (exception match) 20 POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE 52 22 POP_TOP 24 STORE_FAST 0 (e) 26 POP_TOP 28 SETUP_FINALLY 10 (to 40) %3d 30 LOAD_FAST 0 (e) 32 LOAD_ATTR 1 (__traceback__) 34 STORE_FAST 1 (tb) 36 POP_BLOCK 38 BEGIN_FINALLY >> 40 LOAD_CONST 0 (None) 42 STORE_FAST 0 (e) 44 DELETE_FAST 0 (e) 46 END_FINALLY 48 POP_EXCEPT 50 JUMP_FORWARD 2 (to 54) >> 52 END_FINALLY %3d >> 54 LOAD_FAST 1 (tb) 56 RETURN_VALUE """ % (TRACEBACK_CODE.co_firstlineno + 1, TRACEBACK_CODE.co_firstlineno + 2, TRACEBACK_CODE.co_firstlineno + 3, TRACEBACK_CODE.co_firstlineno + 4, TRACEBACK_CODE.co_firstlineno + 5) def _fstring(a, b, c, d): return f'{a} {b:4} {c!r} {d!r:4}' dis_fstring = """\ %3d 0 LOAD_FAST 0 (a) 2 FORMAT_VALUE 0 4 LOAD_CONST 1 (' ') 6 LOAD_FAST 1 (b) 8 LOAD_CONST 2 ('4') 10 FORMAT_VALUE 4 (with format) 12 LOAD_CONST 1 (' ') 14 LOAD_FAST 2 (c) 16 FORMAT_VALUE 2 (repr) 18 LOAD_CONST 1 (' ') 20 LOAD_FAST 3 (d) 22 LOAD_CONST 2 ('4') 24 FORMAT_VALUE 6 (repr, with format) 26 BUILD_STRING 7 28 RETURN_VALUE """ % (_fstring.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1,) def _g(x): yield x async def _ag(x): yield x async def _co(x): async for item in _ag(x): pass def _h(y): def foo(x): '''funcdoc''' return [x + z for z in y] return foo dis_nested_0 = """\ %3d 0 LOAD_CLOSURE 0 (y) 2 BUILD_TUPLE 1 4 LOAD_CONST 1 () 6 LOAD_CONST 2 ('_h..foo') 8 MAKE_FUNCTION 8 10 STORE_FAST 1 (foo) %3d 12 LOAD_FAST 1 (foo) 14 RETURN_VALUE """ % (_h.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1, __file__, _h.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1, _h.__code__.co_firstlineno + 4, ) dis_nested_1 = """%s Disassembly of : %3d 0 LOAD_CLOSURE 0 (x) 2 BUILD_TUPLE 1 4 LOAD_CONST 1 ( at 0x..., file "%s", line %d>) 6 LOAD_CONST 2 ('_h..foo..') 8 MAKE_FUNCTION 8 10 LOAD_DEREF 1 (y) 12 GET_ITER 14 CALL_FUNCTION 1 16 RETURN_VALUE """ % (dis_nested_0, __file__, _h.__code__.co_firstlineno + 1, _h.__code__.co_firstlineno + 3, __file__, _h.__code__.co_firstlineno + 3, ) dis_nested_2 = """%s Disassembly of at 0x..., file "%s", line %d>: %3d 0 BUILD_LIST 0 2 LOAD_FAST 0 (.0) >> 4 FOR_ITER 12 (to 18) 6 STORE_FAST 1 (z) 8 LOAD_DEREF 0 (x) 10 LOAD_FAST 1 (z) 12 BINARY_ADD 14 LIST_APPEND 2 16 JUMP_ABSOLUTE 4 >> 18 RETURN_VALUE """ % (dis_nested_1, __file__, _h.__code__.co_firstlineno + 3, _h.__code__.co_firstlineno + 3, ) class DisTests(unittest.TestCase): maxDiff = None def get_disassembly(self, func, lasti=-1, wrapper=True, **kwargs): # We want to test the default printing behaviour, not the file arg output = io.StringIO() with contextlib.redirect_stdout(output): if wrapper: dis.dis(func, **kwargs) else: dis.disassemble(func, lasti, **kwargs) return output.getvalue() def get_disassemble_as_string(self, func, lasti=-1): return self.get_disassembly(func, lasti, False) def strip_addresses(self, text): return re.sub(r'\b0x[0-9A-Fa-f]+\b', '0x...', text) def do_disassembly_test(self, func, expected): got = self.get_disassembly(func, depth=0) if got != expected: got = self.strip_addresses(got) self.assertEqual(got, expected) def test_opmap(self): self.assertEqual(dis.opmap["NOP"], 9) self.assertIn(dis.opmap["LOAD_CONST"], dis.hasconst) self.assertIn(dis.opmap["STORE_NAME"], dis.hasname) def test_opname(self): self.assertEqual(dis.opname[dis.opmap["LOAD_FAST"]], "LOAD_FAST") def test_boundaries(self): self.assertEqual(dis.opmap["EXTENDED_ARG"], dis.EXTENDED_ARG) self.assertEqual(dis.opmap["STORE_NAME"], dis.HAVE_ARGUMENT) def test_widths(self): for opcode, opname in enumerate(dis.opname): if opname in ('BUILD_MAP_UNPACK_WITH_CALL', 'BUILD_TUPLE_UNPACK_WITH_CALL'): continue with self.subTest(opname=opname): width = dis._OPNAME_WIDTH if opcode < dis.HAVE_ARGUMENT: width += 1 + dis._OPARG_WIDTH self.assertLessEqual(len(opname), width) def test_dis(self): self.do_disassembly_test(_f, dis_f) def test_bug_708901(self): self.do_disassembly_test(bug708901, dis_bug708901) def test_bug_1333982(self): # This one is checking bytecodes generated for an `assert` statement, # so fails if the tests are run with -O. Skip this test then. if not __debug__: self.skipTest('need asserts, run without -O') self.do_disassembly_test(bug1333982, dis_bug1333982) def test_big_linenos(self): def func(count): namespace = {} func = "def foo():\n " + "".join(["\n "] * count + ["spam\n"]) exec(func, namespace) return namespace['foo'] # Test all small ranges for i in range(1, 300): expected = _BIG_LINENO_FORMAT % (i + 2) self.do_disassembly_test(func(i), expected) # Test some larger ranges too for i in range(300, 1000, 10): expected = _BIG_LINENO_FORMAT % (i + 2) self.do_disassembly_test(func(i), expected) for i in range(1000, 5000, 10): expected = _BIG_LINENO_FORMAT2 % (i + 2) self.do_disassembly_test(func(i), expected) from test import dis_module self.do_disassembly_test(dis_module, dis_module_expected_results) def test_big_offsets(self): def func(count): namespace = {} func = "def foo(x):\n " + ";".join(["x = x + 1"] * count) + "\n return x" exec(func, namespace) return namespace['foo'] def expected(count, w): s = ['''\ %*d LOAD_FAST 0 (x) %*d LOAD_CONST 1 (1) %*d BINARY_ADD %*d STORE_FAST 0 (x) ''' % (w, 8*i, w, 8*i + 2, w, 8*i + 4, w, 8*i + 6) for i in range(count)] s += ['''\ 3 %*d LOAD_FAST 0 (x) %*d RETURN_VALUE ''' % (w, 8*count, w, 8*count + 2)] s[0] = ' 2' + s[0][3:] return ''.join(s) for i in range(1, 5): self.do_disassembly_test(func(i), expected(i, 4)) self.do_disassembly_test(func(1249), expected(1249, 4)) self.do_disassembly_test(func(1250), expected(1250, 5)) def test_disassemble_str(self): self.do_disassembly_test(expr_str, dis_expr_str) self.do_disassembly_test(simple_stmt_str, dis_simple_stmt_str) self.do_disassembly_test(annot_stmt_str, dis_annot_stmt_str) self.do_disassembly_test(compound_stmt_str, dis_compound_stmt_str) def test_disassemble_bytes(self): self.do_disassembly_test(_f.__code__.co_code, dis_f_co_code) def test_disassemble_class(self): self.do_disassembly_test(_C, dis_c) def test_disassemble_instance_method(self): self.do_disassembly_test(_C(1).__init__, dis_c_instance_method) def test_disassemble_instance_method_bytes(self): method_bytecode = _C(1).__init__.__code__.co_code self.do_disassembly_test(method_bytecode, dis_c_instance_method_bytes) def test_disassemble_static_method(self): self.do_disassembly_test(_C.sm, dis_c_static_method) def test_disassemble_class_method(self): self.do_disassembly_test(_C.cm, dis_c_class_method) def test_disassemble_generator(self): gen_func_disas = self.get_disassembly(_g) # Generator function gen_disas = self.get_disassembly(_g(1)) # Generator iterator self.assertEqual(gen_disas, gen_func_disas) def test_disassemble_async_generator(self): agen_func_disas = self.get_disassembly(_ag) # Async generator function agen_disas = self.get_disassembly(_ag(1)) # Async generator iterator self.assertEqual(agen_disas, agen_func_disas) def test_disassemble_coroutine(self): coro_func_disas = self.get_disassembly(_co) # Coroutine function coro = _co(1) # Coroutine object coro.close() # Avoid a RuntimeWarning (never awaited) coro_disas = self.get_disassembly(coro) self.assertEqual(coro_disas, coro_func_disas) def test_disassemble_fstring(self): self.do_disassembly_test(_fstring, dis_fstring) def test_dis_none(self): try: del sys.last_traceback except AttributeError: pass self.assertRaises(RuntimeError, dis.dis, None) def test_dis_traceback(self): try: del sys.last_traceback except AttributeError: pass try: 1/0 except Exception as e: tb = e.__traceback__ sys.last_traceback = tb tb_dis = self.get_disassemble_as_string(tb.tb_frame.f_code, tb.tb_lasti) self.do_disassembly_test(None, tb_dis) def test_dis_object(self): self.assertRaises(TypeError, dis.dis, object()) def test_disassemble_recursive(self): def check(expected, **kwargs): dis = self.get_disassembly(_h, **kwargs) dis = self.strip_addresses(dis) self.assertEqual(dis, expected) check(dis_nested_0, depth=0) check(dis_nested_1, depth=1) check(dis_nested_2, depth=2) check(dis_nested_2, depth=3) check(dis_nested_2, depth=None) check(dis_nested_2) class DisWithFileTests(DisTests): # Run the tests again, using the file arg instead of print def get_disassembly(self, func, lasti=-1, wrapper=True, **kwargs): output = io.StringIO() if wrapper: dis.dis(func, file=output, **kwargs) else: dis.disassemble(func, lasti, file=output, **kwargs) return output.getvalue() code_info_code_info = """\ Name: code_info Filename: (.*) Argument count: 1 Kw-only arguments: 0 Number of locals: 1 Stack size: 3 Flags: OPTIMIZED, NEWLOCALS, NOFREE Constants: 0: %r Names: 0: _format_code_info 1: _get_code_object Variable names: 0: x""" % (('Formatted details of methods, functions, or code.',) if sys.flags.optimize < 2 else (None,)) @staticmethod def tricky(x, y, z=True, *args, c, d, e=[], **kwds): def f(c=c): print(x, y, z, c, d, e, f) yield x, y, z, c, d, e, f code_info_tricky = """\ Name: tricky Filename: (.*) Argument count: 3 Kw-only arguments: 3 Number of locals: 8 Stack size: 7 Flags: OPTIMIZED, NEWLOCALS, VARARGS, VARKEYWORDS, GENERATOR Constants: 0: None 1: 2: 'tricky..f' Variable names: 0: x 1: y 2: z 3: c 4: d 5: e 6: args 7: kwds Cell variables: 0: [edfxyz] 1: [edfxyz] 2: [edfxyz] 3: [edfxyz] 4: [edfxyz] 5: [edfxyz]""" # NOTE: the order of the cell variables above depends on dictionary order! co_tricky_nested_f = tricky.__func__.__code__.co_consts[1] code_info_tricky_nested_f = """\ Name: f Filename: (.*) Argument count: 1 Kw-only arguments: 0 Number of locals: 1 Stack size: 8 Flags: OPTIMIZED, NEWLOCALS, NESTED Constants: 0: None Names: 0: print Variable names: 0: c Free variables: 0: [edfxyz] 1: [edfxyz] 2: [edfxyz] 3: [edfxyz] 4: [edfxyz] 5: [edfxyz]""" code_info_expr_str = """\ Name: Filename: Argument count: 0 Kw-only arguments: 0 Number of locals: 0 Stack size: 2 Flags: NOFREE Constants: 0: 1 Names: 0: x""" code_info_simple_stmt_str = """\ Name: Filename: Argument count: 0 Kw-only arguments: 0 Number of locals: 0 Stack size: 2 Flags: NOFREE Constants: 0: 1 1: None Names: 0: x""" code_info_compound_stmt_str = """\ Name: Filename: Argument count: 0 Kw-only arguments: 0 Number of locals: 0 Stack size: 2 Flags: NOFREE Constants: 0: 0 1: 1 2: None Names: 0: x""" async def async_def(): await 1 async for a in b: pass async with c as d: pass code_info_async_def = """\ Name: async_def Filename: (.*) Argument count: 0 Kw-only arguments: 0 Number of locals: 2 Stack size: 10 Flags: OPTIMIZED, NEWLOCALS, NOFREE, COROUTINE Constants: 0: None 1: 1 Names: 0: b 1: StopAsyncIteration 2: c Variable names: 0: a 1: d""" class CodeInfoTests(unittest.TestCase): test_pairs = [ (dis.code_info, code_info_code_info), (tricky, code_info_tricky), (co_tricky_nested_f, code_info_tricky_nested_f), (expr_str, code_info_expr_str), (simple_stmt_str, code_info_simple_stmt_str), (compound_stmt_str, code_info_compound_stmt_str), (async_def, code_info_async_def) ] def test_code_info(self): self.maxDiff = 1000 for x, expected in self.test_pairs: self.assertRegex(dis.code_info(x), expected) def test_show_code(self): self.maxDiff = 1000 for x, expected in self.test_pairs: with captured_stdout() as output: dis.show_code(x) self.assertRegex(output.getvalue(), expected+"\n") output = io.StringIO() dis.show_code(x, file=output) self.assertRegex(output.getvalue(), expected) def test_code_info_object(self): self.assertRaises(TypeError, dis.code_info, object()) def test_pretty_flags_no_flags(self): self.assertEqual(dis.pretty_flags(0), '0x0') # Fodder for instruction introspection tests # Editing any of these may require recalculating the expected output def outer(a=1, b=2): def f(c=3, d=4): def inner(e=5, f=6): print(a, b, c, d, e, f) print(a, b, c, d) return inner print(a, b, '', 1, [], {}, "Hello world!") return f def jumpy(): # This won't actually run (but that's OK, we only disassemble it) for i in range(10): print(i) if i < 4: continue if i > 6: break else: print("I can haz else clause?") while i: print(i) i -= 1 if i > 6: continue if i < 4: break else: print("Who let lolcatz into this test suite?") try: 1 / 0 except ZeroDivisionError: print("Here we go, here we go, here we go...") else: with i as dodgy: print("Never reach this") finally: print("OK, now we're done") # End fodder for opinfo generation tests expected_outer_line = 1 _line_offset = outer.__code__.co_firstlineno - 1 code_object_f = outer.__code__.co_consts[3] expected_f_line = code_object_f.co_firstlineno - _line_offset code_object_inner = code_object_f.co_consts[3] expected_inner_line = code_object_inner.co_firstlineno - _line_offset expected_jumpy_line = 1 # The following lines are useful to regenerate the expected results after # either the fodder is modified or the bytecode generation changes # After regeneration, update the references to code_object_f and # code_object_inner before rerunning the tests #_instructions = dis.get_instructions(outer, first_line=expected_outer_line) #print('expected_opinfo_outer = [\n ', #',\n '.join(map(str, _instructions)), ',\n]', sep='') #_instructions = dis.get_instructions(outer(), first_line=expected_f_line) #print('expected_opinfo_f = [\n ', #',\n '.join(map(str, _instructions)), ',\n]', sep='') #_instructions = dis.get_instructions(outer()(), first_line=expected_inner_line) #print('expected_opinfo_inner = [\n ', #',\n '.join(map(str, _instructions)), ',\n]', sep='') #_instructions = dis.get_instructions(jumpy, first_line=expected_jumpy_line) #print('expected_opinfo_jumpy = [\n ', #',\n '.join(map(str, _instructions)), ',\n]', sep='') Instruction = dis.Instruction expected_opinfo_outer = [ Instruction(opname='LOAD_CONST', opcode=100, arg=8, argval=(3, 4), argrepr='(3, 4)', offset=0, starts_line=2, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CLOSURE', opcode=135, arg=0, argval='a', argrepr='a', offset=2, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CLOSURE', opcode=135, arg=1, argval='b', argrepr='b', offset=4, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='BUILD_TUPLE', opcode=102, arg=2, argval=2, argrepr='', offset=6, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CONST', opcode=100, arg=3, argval=code_object_f, argrepr=repr(code_object_f), offset=8, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CONST', opcode=100, arg=4, argval='outer..f', argrepr="'outer..f'", offset=10, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='MAKE_FUNCTION', opcode=132, arg=9, argval=9, argrepr='', offset=12, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='STORE_FAST', opcode=125, arg=2, argval='f', argrepr='f', offset=14, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_GLOBAL', opcode=116, arg=0, argval='print', argrepr='print', offset=16, starts_line=7, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_DEREF', opcode=136, arg=0, argval='a', argrepr='a', offset=18, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_DEREF', opcode=136, arg=1, argval='b', argrepr='b', offset=20, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CONST', opcode=100, arg=5, argval='', argrepr="''", offset=22, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CONST', opcode=100, arg=6, argval=1, argrepr='1', offset=24, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='BUILD_LIST', opcode=103, arg=0, argval=0, argrepr='', offset=26, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='BUILD_MAP', opcode=105, arg=0, argval=0, argrepr='', offset=28, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CONST', opcode=100, arg=7, argval='Hello world!', argrepr="'Hello world!'", offset=30, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='CALL_FUNCTION', opcode=131, arg=7, argval=7, argrepr='', offset=32, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='POP_TOP', opcode=1, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=34, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_FAST', opcode=124, arg=2, argval='f', argrepr='f', offset=36, starts_line=8, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='RETURN_VALUE', opcode=83, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=38, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), ] expected_opinfo_f = [ Instruction(opname='LOAD_CONST', opcode=100, arg=5, argval=(5, 6), argrepr='(5, 6)', offset=0, starts_line=3, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CLOSURE', opcode=135, arg=2, argval='a', argrepr='a', offset=2, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CLOSURE', opcode=135, arg=3, argval='b', argrepr='b', offset=4, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CLOSURE', opcode=135, arg=0, argval='c', argrepr='c', offset=6, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CLOSURE', opcode=135, arg=1, argval='d', argrepr='d', offset=8, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='BUILD_TUPLE', opcode=102, arg=4, argval=4, argrepr='', offset=10, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CONST', opcode=100, arg=3, argval=code_object_inner, argrepr=repr(code_object_inner), offset=12, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CONST', opcode=100, arg=4, argval='outer..f..inner', argrepr="'outer..f..inner'", offset=14, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='MAKE_FUNCTION', opcode=132, arg=9, argval=9, argrepr='', offset=16, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='STORE_FAST', opcode=125, arg=2, argval='inner', argrepr='inner', offset=18, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_GLOBAL', opcode=116, arg=0, argval='print', argrepr='print', offset=20, starts_line=5, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_DEREF', opcode=136, arg=2, argval='a', argrepr='a', offset=22, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_DEREF', opcode=136, arg=3, argval='b', argrepr='b', offset=24, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_DEREF', opcode=136, arg=0, argval='c', argrepr='c', offset=26, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_DEREF', opcode=136, arg=1, argval='d', argrepr='d', offset=28, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='CALL_FUNCTION', opcode=131, arg=4, argval=4, argrepr='', offset=30, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='POP_TOP', opcode=1, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=32, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_FAST', opcode=124, arg=2, argval='inner', argrepr='inner', offset=34, starts_line=6, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='RETURN_VALUE', opcode=83, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=36, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), ] expected_opinfo_inner = [ Instruction(opname='LOAD_GLOBAL', opcode=116, arg=0, argval='print', argrepr='print', offset=0, starts_line=4, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_DEREF', opcode=136, arg=0, argval='a', argrepr='a', offset=2, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_DEREF', opcode=136, arg=1, argval='b', argrepr='b', offset=4, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_DEREF', opcode=136, arg=2, argval='c', argrepr='c', offset=6, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_DEREF', opcode=136, arg=3, argval='d', argrepr='d', offset=8, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_FAST', opcode=124, arg=0, argval='e', argrepr='e', offset=10, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_FAST', opcode=124, arg=1, argval='f', argrepr='f', offset=12, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='CALL_FUNCTION', opcode=131, arg=6, argval=6, argrepr='', offset=14, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='POP_TOP', opcode=1, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=16, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CONST', opcode=100, arg=0, argval=None, argrepr='None', offset=18, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='RETURN_VALUE', opcode=83, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=20, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), ] expected_opinfo_jumpy = [ Instruction(opname='LOAD_GLOBAL', opcode=116, arg=0, argval='range', argrepr='range', offset=0, starts_line=3, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CONST', opcode=100, arg=1, argval=10, argrepr='10', offset=2, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='CALL_FUNCTION', opcode=131, arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='', offset=4, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='GET_ITER', opcode=68, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=6, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='FOR_ITER', opcode=93, arg=34, argval=44, argrepr='to 44', offset=8, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=True), Instruction(opname='STORE_FAST', opcode=125, arg=0, argval='i', argrepr='i', offset=10, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_GLOBAL', opcode=116, arg=1, argval='print', argrepr='print', offset=12, starts_line=4, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_FAST', opcode=124, arg=0, argval='i', argrepr='i', offset=14, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='CALL_FUNCTION', opcode=131, arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='', offset=16, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='POP_TOP', opcode=1, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=18, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_FAST', opcode=124, arg=0, argval='i', argrepr='i', offset=20, starts_line=5, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CONST', opcode=100, arg=2, argval=4, argrepr='4', offset=22, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='COMPARE_OP', opcode=107, arg=0, argval='<', argrepr='<', offset=24, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE', opcode=114, arg=30, argval=30, argrepr='', offset=26, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='JUMP_ABSOLUTE', opcode=113, arg=8, argval=8, argrepr='', offset=28, starts_line=6, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_FAST', opcode=124, arg=0, argval='i', argrepr='i', offset=30, starts_line=7, is_jump_target=True), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CONST', opcode=100, arg=3, argval=6, argrepr='6', offset=32, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='COMPARE_OP', opcode=107, arg=4, argval='>', argrepr='>', offset=34, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE', opcode=114, arg=8, argval=8, argrepr='', offset=36, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='POP_TOP', opcode=1, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=38, starts_line=8, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='JUMP_ABSOLUTE', opcode=113, arg=52, argval=52, argrepr='', offset=40, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='JUMP_ABSOLUTE', opcode=113, arg=8, argval=8, argrepr='', offset=42, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_GLOBAL', opcode=116, arg=1, argval='print', argrepr='print', offset=44, starts_line=10, is_jump_target=True), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CONST', opcode=100, arg=4, argval='I can haz else clause?', argrepr="'I can haz else clause?'", offset=46, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='CALL_FUNCTION', opcode=131, arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='', offset=48, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='POP_TOP', opcode=1, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=50, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_FAST', opcode=124, arg=0, argval='i', argrepr='i', offset=52, starts_line=11, is_jump_target=True), Instruction(opname='POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE', opcode=114, arg=94, argval=94, argrepr='', offset=54, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_GLOBAL', opcode=116, arg=1, argval='print', argrepr='print', offset=56, starts_line=12, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_FAST', opcode=124, arg=0, argval='i', argrepr='i', offset=58, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='CALL_FUNCTION', opcode=131, arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='', offset=60, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='POP_TOP', opcode=1, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=62, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_FAST', opcode=124, arg=0, argval='i', argrepr='i', offset=64, starts_line=13, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CONST', opcode=100, arg=5, argval=1, argrepr='1', offset=66, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='INPLACE_SUBTRACT', opcode=56, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=68, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='STORE_FAST', opcode=125, arg=0, argval='i', argrepr='i', offset=70, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_FAST', opcode=124, arg=0, argval='i', argrepr='i', offset=72, starts_line=14, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CONST', opcode=100, arg=3, argval=6, argrepr='6', offset=74, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='COMPARE_OP', opcode=107, arg=4, argval='>', argrepr='>', offset=76, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE', opcode=114, arg=82, argval=82, argrepr='', offset=78, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='JUMP_ABSOLUTE', opcode=113, arg=52, argval=52, argrepr='', offset=80, starts_line=15, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_FAST', opcode=124, arg=0, argval='i', argrepr='i', offset=82, starts_line=16, is_jump_target=True), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CONST', opcode=100, arg=2, argval=4, argrepr='4', offset=84, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='COMPARE_OP', opcode=107, arg=0, argval='<', argrepr='<', offset=86, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE', opcode=114, arg=52, argval=52, argrepr='', offset=88, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='JUMP_ABSOLUTE', opcode=113, arg=102, argval=102, argrepr='', offset=90, starts_line=17, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='JUMP_ABSOLUTE', opcode=113, arg=52, argval=52, argrepr='', offset=92, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_GLOBAL', opcode=116, arg=1, argval='print', argrepr='print', offset=94, starts_line=19, is_jump_target=True), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CONST', opcode=100, arg=6, argval='Who let lolcatz into this test suite?', argrepr="'Who let lolcatz into this test suite?'", offset=96, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='CALL_FUNCTION', opcode=131, arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='', offset=98, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='POP_TOP', opcode=1, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=100, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='SETUP_FINALLY', opcode=122, arg=70, argval=174, argrepr='to 174', offset=102, starts_line=20, is_jump_target=True), Instruction(opname='SETUP_FINALLY', opcode=122, arg=12, argval=118, argrepr='to 118', offset=104, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CONST', opcode=100, arg=5, argval=1, argrepr='1', offset=106, starts_line=21, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CONST', opcode=100, arg=7, argval=0, argrepr='0', offset=108, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='BINARY_TRUE_DIVIDE', opcode=27, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=110, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='POP_TOP', opcode=1, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=112, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='POP_BLOCK', opcode=87, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=114, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='JUMP_FORWARD', opcode=110, arg=28, argval=146, argrepr='to 146', offset=116, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='DUP_TOP', opcode=4, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=118, starts_line=22, is_jump_target=True), Instruction(opname='LOAD_GLOBAL', opcode=116, arg=2, argval='ZeroDivisionError', argrepr='ZeroDivisionError', offset=120, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='COMPARE_OP', opcode=107, arg=10, argval='exception match', argrepr='exception match', offset=122, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='POP_JUMP_IF_FALSE', opcode=114, arg=144, argval=144, argrepr='', offset=124, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='POP_TOP', opcode=1, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=126, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='POP_TOP', opcode=1, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=128, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='POP_TOP', opcode=1, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=130, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_GLOBAL', opcode=116, arg=1, argval='print', argrepr='print', offset=132, starts_line=23, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CONST', opcode=100, arg=8, argval='Here we go, here we go, here we go...', argrepr="'Here we go, here we go, here we go...'", offset=134, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='CALL_FUNCTION', opcode=131, arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='', offset=136, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='POP_TOP', opcode=1, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=138, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='POP_EXCEPT', opcode=89, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=140, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='JUMP_FORWARD', opcode=110, arg=26, argval=170, argrepr='to 170', offset=142, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='END_FINALLY', opcode=88, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=144, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=True), Instruction(opname='LOAD_FAST', opcode=124, arg=0, argval='i', argrepr='i', offset=146, starts_line=25, is_jump_target=True), Instruction(opname='SETUP_WITH', opcode=143, arg=14, argval=164, argrepr='to 164', offset=148, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='STORE_FAST', opcode=125, arg=1, argval='dodgy', argrepr='dodgy', offset=150, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_GLOBAL', opcode=116, arg=1, argval='print', argrepr='print', offset=152, starts_line=26, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CONST', opcode=100, arg=9, argval='Never reach this', argrepr="'Never reach this'", offset=154, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='CALL_FUNCTION', opcode=131, arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='', offset=156, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='POP_TOP', opcode=1, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=158, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='POP_BLOCK', opcode=87, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=160, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='BEGIN_FINALLY', opcode=53, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=162, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='WITH_CLEANUP_START', opcode=81, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=164, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=True), Instruction(opname='WITH_CLEANUP_FINISH', opcode=82, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=166, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='END_FINALLY', opcode=88, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=168, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='POP_BLOCK', opcode=87, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=170, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=True), Instruction(opname='BEGIN_FINALLY', opcode=53, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=172, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_GLOBAL', opcode=116, arg=1, argval='print', argrepr='print', offset=174, starts_line=28, is_jump_target=True), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CONST', opcode=100, arg=10, argval="OK, now we're done", argrepr='"OK, now we\'re done"', offset=176, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='CALL_FUNCTION', opcode=131, arg=1, argval=1, argrepr='', offset=178, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='POP_TOP', opcode=1, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=180, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='END_FINALLY', opcode=88, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=182, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='LOAD_CONST', opcode=100, arg=0, argval=None, argrepr='None', offset=184, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='RETURN_VALUE', opcode=83, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=186, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False), ] # One last piece of inspect fodder to check the default line number handling def simple(): pass expected_opinfo_simple = [ Instruction(opname='LOAD_CONST', opcode=100, arg=0, argval=None, argrepr='None', offset=0, starts_line=simple.__code__.co_firstlineno, is_jump_target=False), Instruction(opname='RETURN_VALUE', opcode=83, arg=None, argval=None, argrepr='', offset=2, starts_line=None, is_jump_target=False) ] class InstructionTests(BytecodeTestCase): def test_default_first_line(self): actual = dis.get_instructions(simple) self.assertEqual(list(actual), expected_opinfo_simple) def test_first_line_set_to_None(self): actual = dis.get_instructions(simple, first_line=None) self.assertEqual(list(actual), expected_opinfo_simple) def test_outer(self): actual = dis.get_instructions(outer, first_line=expected_outer_line) self.assertEqual(list(actual), expected_opinfo_outer) def test_nested(self): with captured_stdout(): f = outer() actual = dis.get_instructions(f, first_line=expected_f_line) self.assertEqual(list(actual), expected_opinfo_f) def test_doubly_nested(self): with captured_stdout(): inner = outer()() actual = dis.get_instructions(inner, first_line=expected_inner_line) self.assertEqual(list(actual), expected_opinfo_inner) def test_jumpy(self): actual = dis.get_instructions(jumpy, first_line=expected_jumpy_line) self.assertEqual(list(actual), expected_opinfo_jumpy) # get_instructions has its own tests above, so can rely on it to validate # the object oriented API class BytecodeTests(unittest.TestCase): def test_instantiation(self): # Test with function, method, code string and code object for obj in [_f, _C(1).__init__, "a=1", _f.__code__]: with self.subTest(obj=obj): b = dis.Bytecode(obj) self.assertIsInstance(b.codeobj, types.CodeType) self.assertRaises(TypeError, dis.Bytecode, object()) def test_iteration(self): for obj in [_f, _C(1).__init__, "a=1", _f.__code__]: with self.subTest(obj=obj): via_object = list(dis.Bytecode(obj)) via_generator = list(dis.get_instructions(obj)) self.assertEqual(via_object, via_generator) def test_explicit_first_line(self): actual = dis.Bytecode(outer, first_line=expected_outer_line) self.assertEqual(list(actual), expected_opinfo_outer) def test_source_line_in_disassembly(self): # Use the line in the source code actual = dis.Bytecode(simple).dis() actual = actual.strip().partition(" ")[0] # extract the line no expected = str(simple.__code__.co_firstlineno) self.assertEqual(actual, expected) # Use an explicit first line number actual = dis.Bytecode(simple, first_line=350).dis() actual = actual.strip().partition(" ")[0] # extract the line no self.assertEqual(actual, "350") def test_info(self): self.maxDiff = 1000 for x, expected in CodeInfoTests.test_pairs: b = dis.Bytecode(x) self.assertRegex(b.info(), expected) def test_disassembled(self): actual = dis.Bytecode(_f).dis() self.assertEqual(actual, dis_f) def test_from_traceback(self): tb = get_tb() b = dis.Bytecode.from_traceback(tb) while tb.tb_next: tb = tb.tb_next self.assertEqual(b.current_offset, tb.tb_lasti) def test_from_traceback_dis(self): tb = get_tb() b = dis.Bytecode.from_traceback(tb) self.assertEqual(b.dis(), dis_traceback) if __name__ == "__main__": unittest.main()