+++++++++++ Python News +++++++++++ What's New in Python 3.2.6? =========================== *Release date: 11-Oct-2014* Core and Builtins ----------------- - Issue #19529: Fix a potential crash in converting Unicode objects to wchar_t when Py_UNICODE is 4 bytes but wchar_t is 2 bytes, for example on AIX. Library ------- - Issue #16043: Add a default limit for the amount of data xmlrpclib.gzip_decode will return. This resolves CVE-2013-1753. - Issue #16040: CVE-2013-1752: nntplib: Limit maximum line lengths to 2048 to prevent readline() calls from consuming too much memory. Patch by Jyrki Pulliainen. - Issue #16039: CVE-2013-1752: Change use of readline in imaplib module to limit line length. Patch by Emil Lind. - Issue #22421: Fix a regression that caused the pydoc server to be bound to all interfaces instead of only localhost. - Issue #22419: Limit the length of incoming HTTP request in wsgiref server to 65536 bytes and send a 414 error code for higher lengths. Patch contributed by Devin Cook. - Issue #22517: When a io.BufferedRWPair object is deallocated, clear its weakrefs. - Issue #16041: CVE-2013-1752: poplib: Limit maximum line lengths to 2048 to prevent readline() calls from consuming too much memory. Patch by Jyrki Pulliainen. - Issue #16042: CVE-2013-1752: smtplib: Limit amount of data read by limiting the call to readline(). Original patch by Christian Heimes. - Issue #16038: CVE-2013-1752: ftplib: Limit amount of data read by limiting the call to readline(). Original patch by Michał Jastrzębski and Giampaolo Rodola. - Issue #16037: HTTPMessage.readheaders() raises an HTTPException when more than 100 headers are read. Adapted from patch by Jyrki Pulliainen. - Issue #18709: Fix CVE-2013-4238. The SSL module now handles NULL bytes inside subjectAltName correctly. Formerly the module has used OpenSSL's GENERAL_NAME_print() function to get the string represention of ASN.1 strings for ``rfc822Name`` (email), ``dNSName`` (DNS) and ``uniformResourceIdentifier`` (URI). - Lax cookie parsing in http.cookies could be a security issue when combined with non-standard cookie handling in some Web browsers. Reported by Sergey Bobrov. - Issue #19855: uuid.getnode() on Unix now looks on the PATH for the executables used to find the mac address, with /sbin and /usr/sbin as fallbacks. - Issue #11508: Fixed uuid.getnode() and uuid.uuid1() on environment with virtual interface. Original patch by Kent Frazier. - Issue #18784: The uuid module no more attempts to load libc via ctypes.CDLL, if all necessary functions are already found in libuuid. Patch by Evgeny Sologubov. - Issue #16102: Make uuid._netbios_getnode() work again on Python 3. - Issue #21766: Prevent a security hole in CGIHTTPServer by URL unquoting paths before checking for a CGI script at that path. - Fix arbitrary memory access in JSONDecoder.raw_decode with a negative second parameter. Bug reported by Guido Vranken. - Issue #21082: In os.makedirs, do not set the process-wide umask. Note this changes behavior of makedirs when exist_ok=True. - Issue #20246: Fix buffer overflow in socket.recvfrom_into. - Issue #12226: HTTPS is now used by default when connecting to PyPI. - Issue #19435: Fix directory traversal attack on CGIHttpRequestHandler. - Issue #14984: On POSIX systems, when netrc is called without a filename argument (and therefore is reading the user's $HOME/.netrc file), it now enforces the same security rules as typical ftp clients: the .netrc file must be owned by the user that owns the process and must not be readable by any other user. - Fix tkinter regression introduced by the security fix in issue #16248. - Issue #17980: Fix possible abuse of ssl.match_hostname() for denial of service using certificates with many wildcards (CVE-2013-2099). - Issue #21323: Fix http.server to again handle scripts in CGI subdirectories, broken by the fix for security issue #19435. Patch by Zach Byrne. Tests ----- - Issue #20939: Avoid various network test failures due to new redirect of http://www.python.org/ to https://www.python.org: use http://www.example.com instead. What's New in Python 3.2.5? =========================== *Release date: 13-May-2013* Library ------- - Issue #17980: Fix possible abuse of ssl.match_hostname() for denial of service using certificates with many wildcards (CVE-2013-2099). - Issue #17192: Restore the patch for Issue #11729 and Issue #10309 which were omitted in 3.2.4 when updating the bundled version of libffi used by ctypes. - Issue #15535: Fix namedtuple pickles which were picking up the OrderedDict instead of just the underlying tuple. - Issue #1159051: Back out a fix for handling corrupted gzip files that broke backwards compatibility. - Issue #17915: Fix interoperability of xml.sax with file objects returned by codecs.open(). Build ----- - Issue #17857: Prevent build failures with pre-3.5.0 versions of sqlite3, such as was shipped with Centos 5 and Mac OS X 10.4. Tests ----- - Issue #17843: Removed bz2 test data file that was triggering false-positive virus warnings with certain antivirus software. What's New in Python 3.2.4? =========================== *Release date: 07-Apr-2013* Library ------- - Issue #17625: In IDLE, close the replace dialog after it is used. What's New in Python 3.2.4 release candidate 1? =============================================== *Release date: 24-Mar-2013* Core and Builtins ----------------- - Issue #1692335: Move initial args assignment to BaseException.__new__ to help pickling of naive subclasses. - Issue #17275: Corrected class name in init error messages of the C version of BufferedWriter and BufferedRandom. - Issue #7963: Fixed misleading error message that issued when object is called without arguments. - Issue #5308: Raise ValueError when marshalling too large object (a sequence with size >= 2**31), instead of producing illegal marshal data. - Issue #12983: Bytes literals with invalid \x escape now raise a SyntaxError and a full traceback including line number. - Issue #17173: Remove uses of locale-dependent C functions (isalpha() etc.) in the interpreter. - Issue #17043: The unicode-internal decoder no longer read past the end of input buffer. - Issue #16979: Fix error handling bugs in the unicode-escape-decode decoder. - Issue #10156: In the interpreter's initialization phase, unicode globals are now initialized dynamically as needed. - Issue #16975: Fix error handling bug in the escape-decode bytes decoder. - Issue #14850: Now a charmap decoder treats U+FFFE as "undefined mapping" in any mapping, not only in a string. - Issue #11461: Fix the incremental UTF-16 decoder. Original patch by Amaury Forgeot d'Arc. - Issue #16367: Fix FileIO.readall() on Windows for files larger than 2 GB. - Issue #16455: On FreeBSD and Solaris, if the locale is C, the ASCII/surrogateescape codec is now used, instead of the locale encoding, to decode the command line arguments. This change fixes inconsistencies with os.fsencode() and os.fsdecode() because these operating systems announces an ASCII locale encoding, whereas the ISO-8859-1 encoding is used in practice. - Issue #16761: Calling int() with base argument only now raises TypeError. - Issue #16759: Support the full DWORD (unsigned long) range in Reg2Py when retrieving a REG_DWORD value. This corrects functions like winreg.QueryValueEx that may have been returning truncated values. - Issue #14420: Support the full DWORD (unsigned long) range in Py2Reg when passed a REG_DWORD value. Fixes OverflowError in winreg.SetValueEx. - Issue #16602: When a weakref's target was part of a long deallocation chain, the object could remain reachable through its weakref even though its refcount had dropped to zero. - Issue #16416: On Mac OS X, operating system data are now always encoded/decoded to/from UTF-8/surrogateescape, instead of the locale encoding (which may be ASCII if no locale environment variable is set), to avoid inconsistencies with os.fsencode() and os.fsdecode() functions which are already using UTF-8/surrogateescape. - Issue #16588: Silence unused-but-set warnings in Python/thread_pthread.h - Issue #16306: Fix multiple error messages when unknown command line parameters where passed to the interpreter. Patch by Hieu Nguyen. - Issue #16453: Fix equality testing of dead weakref objects. - Issue #9535: Fix pending signals that have been received but not yet handled by Python to not persist after os.fork() in the child process. - Issue #15001: fix segfault on "del sys.module['__main__']". Patch by Victor Stinner. - Issue #5057: the peepholer no longer optimizes subscription on unicode literals (e.g. u'foo'[0]) in order to produce compatible pyc files between narrow and wide builds. - Issue #16402: When slicing a range, fix shadowing of exceptions from __index__. - Issue #16336: fix input checking in the surrogatepass error handler. Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #8401: assigning an int to a bytearray slice (e.g. b[3:4] = 5) now raises an error. - Issue #16345: Fix an infinite loop when ``fromkeys`` on a dict subclass received a nonempty dict from the constructor. - Issue #16197: Update winreg docstrings and documentation to match code. Patch by Zachary Ware. - Issue #14700: Fix buggy overflow checks when handling large precisions and widths in old-style and new-style formatting. - Issue #6074: Ensure cached bytecode files can always be updated by the user that created them, even when the source file is read-only. - Issue #14783: Improve int() docstring and switch docstrings for str(), range(), and slice() to use multi-line signatures. - Issue #15379: Fix passing of non-BMP characters as integers for the charmap decoder (already working as unicode strings). Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #13992: The trashcan mechanism is now thread-safe. This eliminates sporadic crashes in multi-thread programs when several long deallocator chains ran concurrently and involved subclasses of built-in container types. - Issue #15846: Fix SystemError which happened when using ast.parse in an exception handler on code with syntax errors. - Issue #15761: Fix crash when PYTHONEXECUTABLE is set on Mac OS X. - Issue #15801: Make sure mappings passed to '%' formatting are actually subscriptable. - Issue #15726: Fix incorrect bounds checking in PyState_FindModule. Patch by Robin Schreiber. - Issue #15604: Update uses of PyObject_IsTrue() to check for and handle errors correctly. Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #13119: sys.stdout and sys.stderr are now using "\r\n" newline on Windows, as Python 2. - Issue #14579: Fix CVE-2012-2135: vulnerability in the utf-16 decoder after error handling. Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #15404: Refleak in PyMethodObject repr. - Issue #15394: An issue in PyModule_Create that caused references to be leaked on some error paths has been fixed. Patch by Julia Lawall. - Issue #15368: An issue that caused bytecode generation to be non-deterministic when using randomized hashing (-R) has been fixed. - Issue #16369: Global PyTypeObjects not initialized with PyType_Ready(...). - Issue #15020: The program name used to search for Python's path is now "python3" under Unix, not "python". - Issue #15897: zipimport.c doesn't check return value of fseek(). Patch by Felipe Cruz. - Issue #15033: Fix the exit status bug when modules invoked using -m switch, return the proper failure return value (1). Patch contributed by Jeff Knupp. - Issue #12268: File readline, readlines and read() or readall() methods no longer lose data when an underlying read system call is interrupted. IOError is no longer raised due to a read system call returning EINTR from within these methods. - Issue #15142: Fix reference leak when deallocating instances of types created using PyType_FromSpec(). - Issue #10053: Don't close FDs when FileIO.__init__ fails. Loosely based on the work by Hirokazu Yamamoto. - Issue #14775: Fix a potential quadratic dict build-up due to the garbage collector repeatedly trying to untrack dicts. - Issue #14494: Fix __future__.py and its documentation to note that absolute imports are the default behavior in 3.0 instead of 2.7. Patch by Sven Marnach. - Issue #14761: Fix potential leak on an error case in the import machinery. - Issue #14699: Fix calling the classmethod descriptor directly. - Issue #14433: Prevent msvcrt crash in interactive prompt when stdin is closed. - Issue #11603 (again): Setting __repr__ to __str__ now raises a RuntimeError when repr() or str() is called on such an object. - Issue #14658: Fix binding a special method to a builtin implementation of a special method with a different name. - Issue #14630: Fix a memory access bug for instances of a subclass of int with value 0. - Issue #14612: Fix jumping around with blocks by setting f_lineno. - Issue #14607: Fix keyword-only arguments which started with ``__``. - Issue #13889: Check and (if necessary) set FPU control word before calling any of the dtoa.c string <-> float conversion functions, on MSVC builds of Python. This fixes issues when embedding Python in a Delphi app. - Issue #14474: Save and restore exception state in thread.start_new_thread() while writing error message if the thread leaves a unhandled exception. - Issue #13019: Fix potential reference leaks in bytearray.extend(). Patch by Suman Saha. - Issue #14378: Fix compiling ast.ImportFrom nodes with a "__future__" string as the module name that was not interned. - Issue #14331: Use significantly less stack space when importing modules by allocating path buffers on the heap instead of the stack. - Issue #14334: Prevent in a segfault in type.__getattribute__ when it was not passed strings. - Issue #1469629: Allow cycles through an object's __dict__ slot to be collected. (For example if ``x.__dict__ is x``). - Issue #14172: Fix reference leak when marshalling a buffer-like object (other than a bytes object). - Issue #13521: dict.setdefault() now does only one lookup for the given key, making it "atomic" for many purposes. Patch by Filip Gruszczyński. - Issue #1602133: on Mac OS X a shared library build (``--enable-shared``) now fills the ``os.environ`` variable correctly. - Issue #14471: Fix a possible buffer overrun in the winreg module. Library ------- - Issue #17488: Change the subprocess.Popen bufsize parameter default value from unbuffered (0) to buffering (-1) to match the behavior existing code expects and match the behavior of the subprocess module in Python 2 to avoid introducing hard to track down bugs. - Issue #17521: Corrected non-enabling of logger following two calls to fileConfig(). - Issue #17508: Corrected MemoryHandler configuration in dictConfig() where the target handler wasn't configured first. - Issue #5713: smtplib now handles 421 (closing connection) error codes when sending mail by closing the socket and reporting the 421 error code via the exception appropriate to the command that received the error response. - Issue #8862: Fixed curses cleanup when getkey is interrputed by a signal. - Issue #17443: impalib.IMAP4_stream was using the default unbuffered IO in subprocess, but the imap code assumes buffered IO. In Python2 this worked by accident. IMAP4_stream now explicitly uses buffered IO. - Issue #17476: Fixed regression relative to Python2 in undocumented pydoc 'allmethods'; it was missing unbound methods on the class. - Issue #16389: Fixed a performance regression relative to Python 3.1 in the caching of compiled regular expressions. - Issue #17431: Fix missing import of BytesFeedParser in email.parser. - Issue #1285086: Get rid of the refcounting hack and speed up urllib.parse.unquote() and urllib.parse.unquote_to_bytes(). - Issue #17368: Fix an off-by-one error in the Python JSON decoder that caused a failure while decoding empty object literals when object_pairs_hook was specified. - Issue #14645: The email generator classes now produce output using the specified linesep throughout. Previously if the prolog, epilog, or body were stored with a different linesep, that linesep was used. This fix corrects an RFC non-compliance issue with smtplib.send_message. - Issue #17278: Fix a crash in heapq.heappush() and heapq.heappop() when the list is being resized concurrently. - Issue #17018: Make Process.join() retry if os.waitpid() fails with EINTR. - Issue #14720: sqlite3: Convert datetime microseconds correctly. Patch by Lowe Thiderman. - Issue #17225: JSON decoder now counts columns in the first line starting with 1, as in other lines. - Issue #13700: Fix byte/string handling in imaplib authentication when an authobject is specified. - Issue #13153: Tkinter functions now raise TclError instead of ValueError when a string argument contains non-BMP character. - Issue #9669: Protect re against infinite loops on zero-width matching in non-greedy repeat. Patch by Matthew Barnett. - Issue #13169: The maximal repetition number in a regular expression has been increased from 65534 to 2147483647 (on 32-bit platform) or 4294967294 (on 64-bit). - Issue #16743: Fix mmap overflow check on 32 bit Windows. - Issue #16800: tempfile.gettempdir() no longer left temporary files when the disk is full. Original patch by Amir Szekely. - Issue #16564: Fixed regression relative to Python2 in the operation of email.encoders.encode_7or8bit when used with binary data. - Issue #17052: unittest discovery should use self.testLoader. - Issue #4591: Uid and gid values larger than 2**31 are supported now. - Issue #17141: random.vonmisesvariate() no more hangs for large kappas. - Issue #17149: Fix random.vonmisesvariate to always return results in [0, 2*math.pi]. - Issue #1470548: XMLGenerator now works with binary output streams. - Issue #6975: os.path.realpath() now correctly resolves multiple nested symlinks on POSIX platforms. - Issue #17156: pygettext.py now uses an encoding of source file and correctly writes and escapes non-ascii characters. - Issue #16564: Fixed regression relative to Python2 in the operation of email.encoders.encode_noop when used with binary data. - Issue #10355: In SpooledTemporaryFile class mode, name, encoding and newlines properties now work for unrolled files. Obsoleted and never working on Python 3 xreadline method now removed. - Issue #16686: Fixed a lot of bugs in audioop module. Fixed crashes in avgpp(), maxpp() and ratecv(). Fixed an integer overflow in add(), bias(), and ratecv(). reverse(), lin2lin() and ratecv() no more lose precision for 32-bit samples. max() and rms() no more returns a negative result and various other functions now work correctly with 32-bit sample -0x80000000. - Issue #17073: Fix some integer overflows in sqlite3 module. - Issue #17114: IDLE now uses non-strict config parser. - Issue #16723: httplib.HTTPResponse no longer marked closed when the connection is automatically closed. - Issue #16948: Fix quoted printable body encoding for non-latin1 character sets in the email package. - Issue #17089: Expat parser now correctly works with string input not only when an internal XML encoding is UTF-8 or US-ASCII. It now accepts bytes and strings larger than 2 GiB. - Issue #16903: Popen.communicate() on Unix now accepts strings when universal_newlines is true as on Windows. - Issue #6083: Fix multiple segmentation faults occured when PyArg_ParseTuple parses nested mutating sequence. - Issue #17106: Fix a segmentation fault in io.TextIOWrapper when an underlying stream or a decoder produces data of an unexpected type (i.e. when io.TextIOWrapper initialized with text stream or use bytes-to-bytes codec). - Issue #15633: httplib.HTTPResponse is now mark closed when the server sends less than the advertised Content-Length. - Issue #6972: The zipfile module no longer overwrites files outside of its destination path when extracting malicious zip files. - Issue #4844: ZipFile now raises BadZipFile when opens a ZIP file with an incomplete "End of Central Directory" record. Original patch by Guilherme Polo and Alan McIntyre. - Issue #15505: `unittest.installHandler` no longer assumes SIGINT handler is set to a callable object. - Issue #12004: Fix an internal error in PyZipFile when writing an invalid Python file. Patch by Ben Morgan. - Issue #9290: In IDLE the sys.std* streams now implement io.TextIOBase interface and support all mandatory methods and properties. - Issue #13454: Fix a crash when deleting an iterator created by itertools.tee() if all other iterators were very advanced before. - Issue #12411: Fix to cgi.parse_multipart to correctly use bytes boundaries and bytes data. Patch by Jonas Wagner. - Issue #1159051: GzipFile now raises EOFError when reading a corrupted file with truncated header or footer. - Issue #15861: tkinter now correctly works with lists and tuples containing strings with whitespaces, backslashes or unbalanced braces. - Issue #10527: Use poll() instead of select() for multiprocessing pipes. - Issue #9720: zipfile now writes correct local headers for files larger than 4 GiB. - Issue #16829: IDLE printing no longer fails if there are spaces or other special characters in the file path. - Issue #13899: \A, \Z, and \B now correctly match the A, Z, and B literals when used inside character classes (e.g. '[\A]'). Patch by Matthew Barnett. - Issue #15545: Fix regression in sqlite3's iterdump method where it was failing if the connection used a row factory (such as sqlite3.Row) that produced unsortable objects. (Regression was introduced by fix for 9750). - Issue #16491: IDLE now prints chained exception tracebacks. - Issue #16828: Fix error incorrectly raised by bz2.compress(''). Patch by Martin Packman. - Issue #16541: tk_setPalette() now works with keyword arguments. - Issue #16820: In configparser, `parser.popitem()` no longer raises ValueError. This makes `parser.clean()` work correctly. - Issue #16820: In configparser, ``parser['section'] = {}`` now preserves section order within the parser. This makes `parser.update()` preserve section order as well. - Issue #9644: Fix the encoding used by os.statvfs(): use the filesystem encoding with the surrogateescape error handler, instead of UTF-8 in strict mode. - Issue #16819: IDLE method completion now correctly works for bytes literals. - Issue #9586: Redefine SEM_FAILED on MacOSX to keep compiler happy. - Issue #10527: make multiprocessing use poll() instead of select() if available. - Issue #16485: Now file descriptors are closed if file header patching failed on closing an aifc file. - Issue #16504: IDLE now catches SyntaxErrors raised by tokenizer. Patch by Roger Serwy. - Issue #16618: Make glob.glob match consistently across strings and bytes regarding leading dots. Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #16702: test_urllib2_localnet tests now correctly ignores proxies for localhost tests. - Issue #16511: Use default IDLE width and height if config param is not valid. Patch Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #16713: Parsing of 'tel' urls using urlparse separates params from path. - Issue #16443: Add docstrings to regular expression match objects. Patch by Anton Kasyanov. - Issue #15701: Fix HTTPError info method call to return the headers information. - Issue #16646: ftplib.FTP.makeport() might lose socket error details. (patch by Serhiy Storchaka) - Issue #16626: Fix infinite recursion in glob.glob() on Windows when the pattern contains a wildcard in the drive or UNC path. Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #16298: In HTTPResponse.read(), close the socket when there is no Content-Length and the incoming stream is finished. Patch by Eran Rundstein. - Issue #16248: Disable code execution from the user's home directory by tkinter when the -E flag is passed to Python. Patch by Zachary Ware. - Issue #16628: Fix a memory leak in ctypes.resize(). - Issue #13614: Fix setup.py register failure with invalid rst in description. Patch by Julien Courteau and Pierre Paul Lefebvre. - Issue #13512: Create ~/.pypirc securely (CVE-2011-4944). Initial patch by Philip Jenvey, tested by Mageia and Debian. - Issue #7719: Make distutils ignore ``.nfs*`` files instead of choking later on. Initial patch by SilentGhost and Jeff Ramnani. - Issue #13120: Allow to call pdb.set_trace() from thread. Patch by Ilya Sandler. - Issue #10182: The re module doesn't truncate indices to 32 bits anymore. Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #16573: In 2to3, treat enumerate() like a consuming call, so superfluous list() calls aren't added to filter(), map(), and zip() which are directly passed enumerate(). - Issue #16476: Fix json.tool to avoid including trailing whitespace. - Issue #16549: Make json.tool work again on Python 3 and add tests. Initial patch by Berker Peksag and Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #12848: The pure Python pickle implementation now treats object lengths as unsigned 32-bit integers, like the C implementation does. Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #1160: Fix compiling large regular expressions on UCS2 builds. Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #14313: zipfile now raises NotImplementedError when the compression type is unknown. - Issue #16408: Fix file descriptors not being closed in error conditions in the zipfile module. Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #16140: The subprocess module no longer double closes its child subprocess.PIPE parent file descriptors on child error prior to exec(). - Remove a bare print to stdout from the subprocess module that could have happened if the child process wrote garbage to its pre-exec error pipe. - Issue #16327: The subprocess module no longer leaks file descriptors used for stdin/stdout/stderr pipes to the child when fork() fails. - Issue #14396: Handle the odd rare case of waitpid returning 0 when not expected in subprocess.Popen.wait(). - Issue #16411: Fix a bug where zlib.decompressobj().flush() might try to access previously-freed memory. Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #16357: fix calling accept() on a SSLSocket created through SSLContext.wrap_socket(). Original patch by Jeff McNeil. - Issue #16350: zlib.decompressobj().decompress() now accumulates data from successive calls after EOF in unused_data, instead of only saving the argument to the last call. decompressobj().flush() now correctly sets unused_data and unconsumed_tail. A bug in the handling of MemoryError when setting the unconsumed_tail attribute has also been fixed. Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #12759: sre_parse now raises a proper error when the name of the group is missing. Initial patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #16152: fix tokenize to ignore whitespace at the end of the code when no newline is found. Patch by Ned Batchelder. - Issue #1207589: Add Cut/Copy/Paste items to IDLE right click Context Menu Patch by Todd Rovito. - Issue #16230: Fix a crash in select.select() when one the lists changes size while iterated on. Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #16228: Fix a crash in the json module where a list changes size while it is being encoded. Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #14897: Enhance error messages of struct.pack and struct.pack_into. Patch by Matti Mäki. - Issue #12890: cgitb no longer prints spurious

tags in text mode when the logdir option is specified. - Issue #16250: Fix URLError invocation with proper args. - Issue #16305: Fix a segmentation fault occurring when interrupting math.factorial. - Issue #14398: Fix size truncation and overflow bugs in the bz2 module. - Issue #16220: wsgiref now always calls close() on an iterable response. Patch by Brent Tubbs. - Issue #16270: urllib may hang when used for retrieving files via FTP by using a context manager. Patch by Giampaolo Rodola'. - Issue #16461: Wave library should be able to deal with 4GB wav files, and sample rate of 44100 Hz. - Issue #16176: Properly identify Windows 8 via platform.platform() - Issue #16114: The subprocess module no longer provides a misleading error message stating that args[0] did not exist when either the cwd or executable keyword arguments specified a path that did not exist. - Issue #15756: subprocess.poll() now properly handles errno.ECHILD to return a returncode of 0 when the child has already exited or cannot be waited on. - Issue #12376: Pass on parameters in TextTestResult.__init__ super call - Issue #15222: Insert blank line after each message in mbox mailboxes - Issue #16013: Fix CSV Reader parsing issue with ending quote characters. Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #15421: fix an OverflowError in Calendar.itermonthdates() after datetime.MAXYEAR. Patch by Cédric Krier. - Issue #15970: xml.etree.ElementTree now serializes correctly the empty HTML elements 'meta' and 'param'. - Issue #15842: the SocketIO.{readable,writable,seekable} methods now raise ValueError when the file-like object is closed. Patch by Alessandro Moura. - Issue #15881: Fixed atexit hook in multiprocessing. Original patch by Chris McDonough. - Issue #15340: Fix importing the random module when /dev/urandom cannot be opened. This was a regression caused by the hash randomization patch. - Issue #15841: The readable(), writable() and seekable() methods of BytesIO and StringIO objects now raise ValueError when the object has been closed. Patch by Alessandro Moura. - Issue #15509: webbrowser.UnixBrowser no longer passes empty arguments to Popen when %action substitutions produce empty strings. - Issue #16112: platform.architecture does not correctly escape argument to /usr/bin/file. Patch by David Benjamin. - Issue #12776,#11839: call argparse type function (specified by add_argument) only once. Before, the type function was called twice in the case where the default was specified and the argument was given as well. This was especially problematic for the FileType type, as a default file would always be opened, even if a file argument was specified on the command line. - Issue #15906: Fix a regression in argparse caused by the preceding change, when action='append', type='str' and default=[]. - Issue #13370: Ensure that ctypes works on Mac OS X when Python is compiled using the clang compiler - Issue #15544: Fix Decimal.__float__ to work with payload-carrying NaNs. - Issue #15249: BytesGenerator now correctly mangles From lines (when requested) even if the body contains undecodable bytes. - Issue #15777: Fix a refleak in _posixsubprocess. - Issue #15199: Fix JavaScript's default MIME type to application/javascript. Patch by Bohuslav Kabrda. - Issue #13579: string.Formatter now understands the 'a' conversion specifier. - Issue #15793: Stack corruption in ssl.RAND_egd(). Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #15595: Fix subprocess.Popen(universal_newlines=True) for certain locales (utf-16 and utf-32 family). Patch by Chris Jerdonek. - Issue #15477: In cmath and math modules, add workaround for platforms whose system-supplied log1p function doesn't respect signs of zeros. - Issue #11062: Fix adding a message from file to Babyl mailbox. - Issue #15646: Prevent equivalent of a fork bomb when using multiprocessing on Windows without the "if __name__ == '__main__'" idiom. - Issue #15424: Add a __sizeof__ implementation for array objects. Patch by Ludwig Hähne. - Issue #15546: Fix handling of pathological input data in the peek() method of the GzipFile class. - Issue #13052: Fix IDLE crashing when replace string in Search/Replace dialog ended with '\'. Patch by Roger Serwy. - Issue #15538: Fix compilation of the getnameinfo() / getaddrinfo() emulation code. Patch by Philipp Hagemeister. - Issue #9803: Don't close IDLE on saving if breakpoint is open. Patch by Roger Serwy. - Issue #12288: Consider '0' and '0.0' as valid initialvalue for tkinter SimpleDialog. - Issue #15512: Add a __sizeof__ implementation for parser. Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #15469: Add a __sizeof__ implementation for deque objects. Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #15489: Add a __sizeof__ implementation for BytesIO objects. Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #15487: Add a __sizeof__ implementation for buffered I/O objects. Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #6056: Make multiprocessing use setblocking(True) on the sockets it uses. Original patch by J Derek Wilson. - Issue #15041: update "see also" list in tkinter documentation. - Issue #15402: An issue in the struct module that caused sys.getsizeof to return incorrect results for struct.Struct instances has been fixed. Initial patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #15232: when mangle_from is True, email.Generator now correctly mangles lines that start with 'From ' that occur in a MIME preamble or epilogue. - Issue #13922: argparse no longer incorrectly strips '--'s that appear after the first one. - Issue #12353: argparse now correctly handles null argument values. - Issues #10017 and #14998: Fix TypeError using pprint on dictionaries with user-defined types as keys or other unorderable keys. - Issue #14635: telnetlib will use poll() rather than select() when possible to avoid failing due to the select() file descriptor limit. - Issue #15180: Clarify posixpath.join() error message when mixing str & bytes - Issue #15230: runpy.run_path now correctly sets __package__ as described in the documentation - Issue #14990: Correctly fail with SyntaxError on invalid encoding declaration. - Issue #15247: FileIO now raises an error when given a file descriptor pointing to a directory. - Issue #5346: Preserve permissions of mbox, MMDF and Babyl mailbox files on flush(). - Issue #10571: Fix the "--sign" option of distutils' upload command. Patch by Jakub Wilk. - Issue #9559: If messages were only added, a new file is no longer created and renamed over the old file when flush() is called on an mbox, MMDF or Babyl mailbox. - Issue #14653: email.utils.mktime_tz() no longer relies on system mktime() when timezone offest is supplied. - Fix GzipFile's handling of filenames given as bytes objects. - Issue #15101: Make pool finalizer avoid joining current thread. - Issue #15036: Mailbox no longer throws an error if a flush is done between operations when removing or changing multiple items in mbox, MMDF, or Babyl mailboxes. - Issue #10133: Make multiprocessing deallocate buffer if socket read fails. Patch by Hallvard B Furuseth. - Issue #13854: Make multiprocessing properly handle non-integer non-string argument to SystemExit. - Issue #12157: Make pool.map() empty iterables correctly. Initial patch by mouad. - Issue #14992: os.makedirs(path, exist_ok=True) would raise an OSError when the path existed and had the S_ISGID mode bit set when it was not explicitly asked for. This is no longer an exception as mkdir cannot control if the OS sets that bit for it or not. - Issue #14962: Update text coloring in IDLE shell window after changing options. Patch by Roger Serwy. - Issue #10997: Prevent a duplicate entry in IDLE's "Recent Files" menu. - Issue #14443: Tell rpmbuild to use the correct version of Python in bdist_rpm. Initial patch by Ross Lagerwall. - Issue #14929: Stop Idle 3.x from closing on Unicode decode errors when grepping. Patch by Roger Serwy. - Issue #12510: Attempting to get invalid tooltip no longer closes Idle. Other tooltipss have been corrected or improved and the number of tests has been tripled. Original patch by Roger Serwy. - Issue #10365: File open dialog now works instead of crashing even when the parent window is closed before the dialog. Patch by Roger Serwy. - Issue #14876: Use user-selected font for highlight configuration. - Issue #14920: Fix the help(urllib.parse) failure on locale C on terminals. Have ascii characters in help. - Issue #14863: Update the documentation of os.fdopen() to reflect the fact that it's only a thin wrapper around open() anymore. - Issue #14036: Add an additional check to validate that port in urlparse does not go in illegal range and returns None. - Issue #14875: Use float('inf') instead of float('1e66666') in the json module. - Issue #14426: Correct the Date format in Expires attribute of Set-Cookie Header in Cookie.py. - Issue #14721: Send the correct 'Content-length: 0' header when the body is an empty string ''. Initial Patch contributed by Arve Knudsen. - Issue #14072: Fix parsing of 'tel' URIs in urlparse by making the check for ports stricter. - Issue #9374: Generic parsing of query and fragment portions of url for any scheme. Supported both by RFC3986 and RFC2396. - Issue #14798: Fix the functions in pyclbr to raise an ImportError when the first part of a dotted name is not a package. Patch by Xavier de Gaye. - Issue #14829: Fix bisect and range() indexing with large indices (>= 2 ** 32) under 64-bit Windows. - Issue #14777: tkinter may return undecoded UTF-8 bytes as a string when accessing the Tk clipboard. Modify clipboad_get() to first request type UTF8_STRING when no specific type is requested in an X11 windowing environment, falling back to the current default type STRING if that fails. Original patch by Thomas Kluyver. - Issue #12541: Be lenient with quotes around Realm field of HTTP Basic Authentation in urllib2. - Issue #14662: Prevent shutil failures on OS X when destination does not support chflag operations. Patch by Hynek Schlawack. - Issue #14157: Fix time.strptime failing without a year on February 29th. Patch by Hynek Schlawack. - Issue #14768: os.path.expanduser('~/a') doesn't works correctly when HOME is '/'. - Issue #14741: Fix missing support for Ellipsis ('...') in parser module. - Issue #14697: Fix missing support for set displays and set comprehensions in parser module. - Issue #14701: Fix missing support for 'raise ... from' in parser module. - Issue #13183: Fix pdb skipping frames after hitting a breakpoint and running step. Patch by Xavier de Gaye. - Issue #14696: Fix parser module to understand 'nonlocal' declarations. - Issue #10941: Fix imaplib.Internaldate2tuple to produce correct result near the DST transition. Patch by Joe Peterson. - Issue #9154: Fix parser module to understand function annotations. - Issue #14664: It is now possible to use @unittest.skip{If,Unless} on a test class that doesn't inherit from TestCase (i.e. a mixin). - Issue #14160: TarFile.extractfile() failed to resolve symbolic links when the links were not located in an archive subdirectory. - Issue #14638: pydoc now treats non-string __name__ values as if they were missing, instead of raising an error. - Issue #13684: Fix httplib tunnel issue of infinite loops for certain sites which send EOF without trailing \r\n. - Issue #14629: Raise SyntaxError in tokenizer.detect_encoding if the first two lines have non-UTF-8 characters without an encoding declaration. - Issue #14308: Fix an exception when a "dummy" thread is in the threading module's active list after a fork(). - Issue #14538: HTMLParser can now parse correctly start tags that contain a bare '/'. - Issue #14452: SysLogHandler no longer inserts a UTF-8 BOM into the message. - Issue #13496: Fix potential overflow in bisect.bisect algorithm when applied to a collection of size > sys.maxsize / 2. - Issue #14399: zipfile now recognizes that the archive has been modified even if only the comment is changed. In addition, the TypeError that results from trying to set a non-binary value as a comment is now raised at the time the comment is set rather than at the time the zipfile is written. - Issue #7978: socketserver now restarts the select() call when EINTR is returned. This avoids crashing the server loop when a signal is received. Patch by Jerzy Kozera. - Issue #14496: Fix wrong name in idlelib/tabbedpages.py. Patch by Popa Claudiu. - Issue #14482: Raise a ValueError, not a NameError, when trying to create a multiprocessing Client or Listener with an AF_UNIX type address under Windows. Patch by Popa Claudiu. - Issue #14151: Raise a ValueError, not a NameError, when trying to create a multiprocessing Client or Listener with an AF_PIPE type address under non-Windows platforms. Patch by Popa Claudiu. - Issue #13872: socket.detach() now marks the socket closed (as mirrored in the socket repr()). Patch by Matt Joiner. - Issue #14406: Fix a race condition when using ``concurrent.futures.wait( return_when=ALL_COMPLETED)``. Patch by Matt Joiner. - Issue #14409: IDLE now properly executes commands in the Shell window when it cannot read the normal config files on startup and has to use the built-in default key bindings. There was previously a bug in one of the defaults. - Issue #10340: asyncore - properly handle EINVAL in dispatcher constructor on OSX; avoid to call handle_connect in case of a disconnected socket which was not meant to connect. - Issue #12757: Fix the skipping of doctests when python is run with -OO so that it works in unittest's verbose mode as well as non-verbose mode. - Issue #3573: IDLE hangs when passing invalid command line args (directory(ies) instead of file(s)) (Patch by Guilherme Polo) - Issue #13694: asynchronous connect in asyncore.dispatcher does not set addr attribute. - Issue #11686: Added missing entries to email package __all__ lists (mostly the new Bytes classes). - Issue #10484: Fix the CGIHTTPServer's PATH_INFO handling problem. - Issue #11199: Fix the with urllib which hangs on particular ftp urls. - Issue #14062: Header objects now correctly respect the 'linesep' setting when processed by BytesParser (which smtplib.SMTP.send_message uses). - Issue #14291: Email now defaults to utf-8 for non-ASCII unicode headers instead of raising an error. This fixes a regression relative to 2.7. - Issue #5219: Prevent event handler cascade in IDLE. - Issue #14184: Increase the default stack size for secondary threads on Mac OS X to avoid interpreter crashes when using threads on 10.7. - Issue #10543: Fix unittest test discovery with Jython bytecode files. - Issue #14252: Fix subprocess.Popen.terminate() to not raise an error under Windows when the child process has already exited. - Issue #14195: An issue that caused weakref.WeakSet instances to incorrectly return True for a WeakSet instance 'a' in both 'a < a' and 'a > a' has been fixed. - Issue #14177: marshal.loads() now raises TypeError when given an unicode string. Patch by Guilherme Gonçalves. - Issue #14159: Fix the len() of weak containers (WeakSet, WeakKeyDictionary, WeakValueDictionary) to return a better approximation when some objects are dead or dying. Moreover, the implementation is now O(1) rather than O(n). - Issue #13125: Silence spurious test_lib2to3 output when in non-verbose mode. Patch by Mikhail Novikov. - Issue #13447: Add a test file to host regression tests for bugs in the scripts found in the Tools directory. - Issue #8033: sqlite3: Fix 64-bit integer handling in user functions on 32-bit architectures. Initial patch by Philippe Devalkeneer. - Issue #13590: OS X Xcode 4 - improve support for universal extension modules In particular, fix extension module build failures when trying to use 32-bit-only installer Pythons on systems with Xcode 4 (currently OS X 10.8, 10.7, and optionally 10.6). * Backport 3.3.0 fixes to 3.2 branch (for release in 3.2.4) * Since Xcode 4 removes ppc support, extension module builds now check for ppc compiler support and by default remove ppc and ppc64 archs when they are not available. * Extension module builds now revert to using system installed headers and libs (/usr and /System/Library) if the SDK used to build the interpreter is not installed or has moved. * Try to avoid building extension modules with deprecated and problematic Apple llvm-gcc compiler. If original compiler is not available, use clang instead by default. Extension Modules ----------------- - Issue #17192: Update the ctypes module's libffi to v3.0.13. This specifically addresses a stack misalignment issue on x86 and issues on some more recent platforms. - Issue #12268: The io module file object write methods no longer abort early when one of its write system calls is interrupted (EINTR). - Fix the leak of a dict in the time module when used in an embedded interpreter that is repeatedly initialized and shutdown and reinitialized. - Issue #16012: Fix a regression in pyexpat. The parser's UseForeignDTD() method doesn't require an argument again. - Issue #15676: Now "mmap" check for empty files before doing the offset check. Patch by Steven Willis. - Issue #6493: An issue in ctypes on Windows that caused structure bitfields of type ctypes.c_uint32 and width 32 to incorrectly be set has been fixed. - Issue #15000: Support the "unique" x32 architecture in _posixsubprocess.c. - Issue #9041: An issue in ctypes.c_longdouble, ctypes.c_double, and ctypes.c_float that caused an incorrect exception to be returned in the case of overflow has been fixed. - Issue #14212: The re module didn't retain a reference to buffers it was scanning, resulting in segfaults. Tests ----- - Issue #17448: test_sax now skips if there are no xml parsers available instead of raising an ImportError. - Issue #11420: make test suite pass with -B/DONTWRITEBYTECODE set. Initial patch by Thomas Wouters. - Issue #10652: make tcl/tk tests run after __all__ test, patch by Zachary Ware. - Issue #11963: remove human verification from test_parser and test_subprocess. - Issue #11732: add a new suppress_crash_popup() context manager to test.support that disables crash popups on Windows and use it in test_capi. - Issue #13898: test_ssl no longer prints a spurious stack trace on Ubuntu. - Issue #17249: convert a test in test_capi to use unittest and reap threads. - Issue #17041: Fix testing when Python is configured with the --without-doc-strings. - Issue #15539: Added regression tests for Tools/scripts/pindent.py. - Issue #15324: Fix regrtest parsing of --fromfile, --match, and --randomize options. - Issue #16664: Add regression tests for glob's behaviour concerning entries starting with a ".". Patch by Sebastian Kreft. - Issue #15872: Add tests for a 3.3 regression which caused the new fd-based shutil.rmtree not ignore all errors. Also add a test ensuring that rmtree fails when being called on a symlink. Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #16559: Add more tests for the json module, including some from the official test suite at json.org. Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #15304: Fix warning message when os.chdir() fails inside test.support.temp_cwd(). Patch by Chris Jerdonek. - Issue #15802: Fix test logic in TestMaildir.test_create_tmp. Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #15747: ZFS always returns EOPNOTSUPP when attempting to set the UF_IMMUTABLE flag (via either chflags or lchflags); refactor affected tests in test_posix.py to account for this. - Issue #15285: Refactor the approach for testing connect timeouts using two external hosts that have been configured specifically for this type of test. - Issue #15615: Add some tests for the json module's handling of invalid input data. Patch by Kushal Das. - Issue #15496: Add directory removal helpers for tests on Windows. Patch by Jeremy Kloth. - Issue #15467: Move helpers for __sizeof__ tests into test_support. Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #15320: Make iterating the list of tests thread-safe when running tests in multiprocess mode. Patch by Chris Jerdonek. - Issue #15230: Adopted a more systematic approach in the runpy tests - Issue #15300: Ensure the temporary test working directories are in the same parent folder when running tests in multiprocess mode from a Python build. Patch by Chris Jerdonek. - test_nntplib now tolerates being run from behind NNTP gateways that add "X-Antivirus" headers to articles - Issue #15043: test_gdb is now skipped entirely if gdb security settings block loading of the gdb hooks - Issue #14026: In test_cmd_line_script, check that sys.argv is populated correctly for the various invocation approaches (Patch by Jason Yeo) - Issue #14032: Fix incorrect variable name in test_cmd_line_script debugging message (Patch by Jason Yeo) - Issue #14589: Update certificate chain for sha256.tbs-internet.com, fixing a test failure in test_ssl. - Issue #16698: Skip posix test_getgroups when built with OS X deployment target prior to 10.6. Build ----- - Issue #17425: Build with openssl 1.0.0k on Windows. - Issue #16754: Fix the incorrect shared library extension on linux. Introduce two makefile macros SHLIB_SUFFIX and EXT_SUFFIX. SO now has the value of SHLIB_SUFFIX again (as in 2.x and 3.1). The SO macro is removed in 3.4. - Issue #5033: Fix building of the sqlite3 extension module when the SQLite library version has "beta" in it. Patch by Andreas Pelme. - Issue #3754: fix typo in pthread AC_CACHE_VAL. - Issue #17029: Let h2py search the multiarch system include directory. - Issue #16953: Fix socket module compilation on platforms with HAVE_BROKEN_POLL. Patch by Jeffrey Armstrong. - Issue #16836: Enable IPv6 support even if IPv6 is disabled on the build host. - Issue #16593: Have BSD 'make -s' do the right thing, thanks to Daniel Shahaf - Issue #16262: fix out-of-src-tree builds, if mercurial is not installed. - Issue #15923: fix a mistake in asdl_c.py that resulted in a TypeError after 2801bf875a24 (see #15801). - Issue #11715: Fix multiarch detection without having Debian development tools (dpkg-dev) installed. - Issue #15819: Make sure we can build Python out-of-tree from a readonly source directory. (Somewhat related to Issue #9860.) - Issue #15822: Ensure 2to3 grammar pickles are properly installed. - Issue #15560: Fix building _sqlite3 extension on OS X with an SDK. - Issue #8847: Disable COMDAT folding in Windows PGO builds. - Issue #14197: For OS X framework builds, ensure links to the shared library are created with the proper ABI suffix. - Issue #14472: Update .gitignore. Patch by Matej Cepl. - The Windows build now uses OpenSSL 1.0.0j and bzip2 1.0.6. - Issue #14557: Fix extensions build on HP-UX. Patch by Adi Roiban. - Issue #14437: Fix building the _io module under Cygwin. - Issue #14387: Do not include accu.h from Python.h. - Issue #14359: Only use O_CLOEXEC in _posixmodule.c if it is defined. Based on patch from Hervé Coatanhay. - Issue #14018: Fix OS X Tcl/Tk framework checking when using OS X SDKs. - Issue #16256: OS X installer now sets correct permissions for doc directory. - Issue #15587: Enable Tk high-resolution text rendering on Macs with Retina displays. Applies to Tkinter apps, such as IDLE, on OS X framework builds linked with Cocoa Tk 8.5. - Issue #17161: make install now also installs a python3 man page. Tools/Demos ----------- - Issue #13301: use ast.literal_eval() instead of eval() in Tools/i18n/msgfmt.py Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. Documentation ------------- - Issue 17538: Document XML vulnerabilties - Issue #17047: remove doubled words in docs and docstrings reported by Serhiy Storchaka and Matthew Barnett. - Issue #16406: Combine the pages for uploading and registering to PyPI. - Issue #16403: Document how distutils uses the maintainer field in PKG-INFO. Patch by Jyrki Pulliainen. - Issue #16695: Document how glob handles filenames starting with a dot. Initial patch by Jyrki Pulliainen. - Issue #8890: Stop advertising an insecure practice by replacing uses of the /tmp directory with better alternatives in the documentation. Patch by Geoff Wilson. - Issue #17203: add long option names to unittest discovery docs. - Issue #13094: add "Why do lambdas defined in a loop with different values all return the same result?" programming FAQ. - Issue #14901: Update portions of the Windows FAQ. Patch by Ashish Nitin Patil. - Issue #15990: Improve argument/parameter documentation. - Issue #13538: Improve str() and object.__str__() documentation. - Issue #16400: Update the description of which versions of a given package PyPI displays. - Issue #15677: Document that zlib and gzip accept a compression level of 0 to mean 'no compression'. Patch by Brian Brazil. - Issue #8040: added a version switcher to the documentation. Patch by Yury Selivanov. - Issue #16115: Improve subprocess.Popen() documentation around args, shell, and executable arguments. - Issue #13498: Clarify docs of os.makedirs()'s exist_ok argument. Done with great native-speaker help from R. David Murray. - Issue #15533: Clarify docs and add tests for subprocess.Popen()'s cwd argument. - Issue #15979: Improve timeit documentation. - Issue #16036: Improve documentation of built-in int()'s signature and arguments. - Issue #15935: Clarification of argparse docs, re: add_argument() type and default arguments. Patch contributed by Chris Jerdonek. - Issue #11964: Document a change in v3.2 to the behavior of the indent parameter of json encoding operations. - Issue #14674: Add a discussion of the json module's standard compliance. Patch by Chris Rebert. - Issue #15630: Add an example for "continue" stmt in the tutorial. Patch by Daniel Ellis. - Issue #15444: Use proper spelling for non-ASCII contributor names. Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #15482: Properly document the default 'level' value for __import__() while warning about using negative values. - Issue #15230: Clearly document some of the limitations of the runpy module and nudge readers towards importlib when appropriate. - Issue #13557: Clarify effect of giving two different namespaces to exec or execfile(). - Issue #8799: Fix and improve the threading.Condition documentation. - Issue #14943: Correct a default argument value for winreg.OpenKey and correctly list the argument names in the function's explanation. - Issue #14034: added the argparse tutorial. - Issue #15250: Document that filecmp.dircmp compares files shallowly. Patch contributed by Chris Jerdonek. - Issue #15116: Remove references to appscript as it is no longer being supported. Tools/Demos ----------- - Issue #15539: Fix a number of bugs in Tools/scripts/pindent.py. Now pindent.py works with a "with" statement. pindent.py no longer produces improper indentation. pindent.py now works with continued lines broken after "class" or "def" keywords and with continuations at the start of line. - Issue #15378: Fix Tools/unicode/comparecodecs.py. Patch by Serhiy Storchaka. - Issue #14695: Fix missing support for starred assignments in Tools/parser/unparse.py. What's New in Python 3.2.3? =========================== *Release date: 10-Apr-2012* Build ----- - Issue #14387: Work around a problem building extension modules under Windows by undefining ``small`` before use in the Python headers. What's New in Python 3.2.3 release candidate 2? =============================================== *Release date: 18-Mar-2012* Library ------- - Issue #6884: Fix long-standing bugs with MANIFEST.in parsing in distutils on Windows. Extension Modules ----------------- - Issue #14234: CVE-2012-0876: Randomize hashes of xml attributes in the hash table internal to the pyexpat module's copy of the expat library to avoid a denial of service due to hash collisions. Patch by David Malcolm with some modifications by the expat project. What's New in Python 3.2.3 release candidate 1? =============================================== *Release date: 24-Feb-2012* Core and Builtins ----------------- - Issue #13703: oCERT-2011-003: add -R command-line option and PYTHONHASHSEED environment variable, to provide an opt-in way to protect against denial of service attacks due to hash collisions within the dict and set types. Patch by David Malcolm, based on work by Victor Stinner. - Issue #14084: Fix a file descriptor leak when importing a module with a bad encoding. - Issue #13020: Fix a reference leak when allocating a structsequence object fails. Patch by Suman Saha. - Issue #13908: Ready types returned from PyType_FromSpec. - Issue #11235: Fix OverflowError when trying to import a source file whose modification time doesn't fit in a 32-bit timestamp. - Fix the builtin module initialization code to store the init function for future reinitialization. - Issue #8052: The posix subprocess module would take a long time closing all possible file descriptors in the child process rather than just open file descriptors. It now closes only the open fds if possible for the default close_fds=True behavior. - Issue #13629: Renumber the tokens in token.h so that they match the indexes into _PyParser_TokenNames. - Fix the fix for issue #12149: it was incorrect, although it had the side effect of appearing to resolve the issue. Thanks to Mark Shannon for noticing. - Issue #13505: Pickle bytes objects in a way that is compatible with Python 2 when using protocols <= 2. - Issue #11147: Fix an unused argument in _Py_ANNOTATE_MEMORY_ORDER. (Fix given by Campbell Barton). - Issue #7111: Python can now be run without a stdin, stdout or stderr stream. It was already the case with Python 2. However, the corresponding sys module entries are now set to None (instead of an unusable file object). - Issue #13436: Fix a bogus error message when an AST object was passed an invalid integer value. - Issue #13338: Handle all enumerations in _Py_ANNOTATE_MEMORY_ORDER to allow compiling extension modules with -Wswitch-enum on gcc. Initial patch by Floris Bruynooghe. - Issue #13333: The UTF-7 decoder now accepts lone surrogates (the encoder already accepts them). - Issue #13342: input() used to ignore sys.stdin's and sys.stdout's unicode error handler in interactive mode (when calling into PyOS_Readline()). - Issue #13343: Fix a SystemError when a lambda expression uses a global variable in the default value of a keyword-only argument: (lambda *, arg=GLOBAL_NAME: None) - Issue #10519: Avoid unnecessary recursive function calls in setobject.c. - Issue #10363: Deallocate global locks in Py_Finalize(). - Issue #13018: Fix reference leaks in error paths in dictobject.c. Patch by Suman Saha. - Issue #1294232: In a few cases involving metaclass inheritance, the interpreter would sometimes invoke the wrong metaclass when building a new class object. These cases now behave correctly. Patch by Daniel Urban. - Issue #12604: VTRACE macro expanded to no-op in _sre.c to avoid compiler warnings. Patch by Josh Triplett and Petri Lehtinen. - Issue #13188: When called without an explicit traceback argument, generator.throw() now gets the traceback from the passed exception's ``__traceback__`` attribute. Patch by Petri Lehtinen. - Issue #7833: Extension modules built using distutils on Windows will no longer include a "manifest" to prevent them failing at import time in some embedded situations. - Issue #13063: the Windows error ERROR_NO_DATA (numbered 232 and described as "The pipe is being closed") is now mapped to POSIX errno EPIPE (previously EINVAL). - Issue #12911: Fix memory consumption when calculating the repr() of huge tuples or lists. - Issue #7732: Don't open a directory as a file anymore while importing a module. Ignore the direcotry if its name matchs the module name (e.g. "__init__.py") and raise a ImportError instead. - Issue #13021: Missing decref on an error path. Thanks to Suman Saha for finding the bug and providing a patch. - Issue #12973: Fix overflow checks that relied on undefined behaviour in list_repeat (listobject.c) and islice_next (itertoolsmodule.c). These bugs caused test failures with recent versions of Clang. - Issue #12802: the Windows error ERROR_DIRECTORY (numbered 267) is now mapped to POSIX errno ENOTDIR (previously EINVAL). - Issue #9200: The str.is* methods now work with strings that contain non-BMP characters even in narrow Unicode builds. - Issue #12791: Break reference cycles early when a generator exits with an exception. - Issue #12266: Fix str.capitalize() to correctly uppercase/lowercase titlecased and cased non-letter characters. Library ------- - HTMLParser is now able to handle slashes in the start tag. - Issue #14001: CVE-2012-0845: xmlrpc: Fix an endless loop in SimpleXMLRPCServer upon malformed POST request. - Issue #2489: pty.spawn could consume 100% cpu when it encountered an EOF. - Issue #13014: Fix a possible reference leak in SSLSocket.getpeercert(). - Issue #13015: Fix a possible reference leak in defaultdict.__repr__. Patch by Suman Saha. - Issue #1326113: distutils' build_ext command --libraries option now correctly parses multiple values separated by whitespace or commas. - Issue #10287: nntplib now queries the server's CAPABILITIES first before sending MODE READER, and only sends it if not already in READER mode. Patch by Hynek Schlawack. - Issue #13979: A bug in ctypes.util.find_library that caused the wrong library name to be returned has been fixed. - Issue #13993: HTMLParser is now able to handle broken end tags when strict=False. - Issue #9750: Fix sqlite3.Connection.iterdump on tables and fields with a name that is a keyword or contains quotes. Patch by Marko Kohtala. - Issue #10287: nntplib now queries the server's CAPABILITIES again after authenticating (since the result may change, according to RFC 4643). Patch by Hynek Schlawack. - Issue #13989: Document that GzipFile does not support text mode, and give a more helpful error message when opened with an invalid mode string. - Issue #13590: On OS X 10.7 and 10.6 with Xcode 4.2, building Distutils-based packages with C extension modules may fail because Apple has removed gcc-4.2, the version used to build python.org 64-bit/32-bit Pythons. If the user does not explicitly override the default C compiler by setting the CC environment variable, Distutils will now attempt to compile extension modules with clang if gcc-4.2 is required but not found. Also as a convenience, if the user does explicitly set CC, substitute its value as the default compiler in the Distutils LDSHARED configuration variable for OS X. (Note, the python.org 32-bit-only Pythons use gcc-4.0 and the 10.4u SDK, neither of which are available in Xcode 4. This change does not attempt to override settings to support their use with Xcode 4.) - Issue #13960: HTMLParser is now able to handle broken comments when strict=False. - Issue #9021: Add an introduction to the copy module documentation. - Issue #6005: Examples in the socket library documentation use sendall, where relevant, instead send method. - Issue #10811: Fix recursive usage of cursors. Instead of crashing, raise a ProgrammingError now. - Issue #10881: Fix test_site failure with OS X framework builds. - Issue #964437: Make IDLE help window non-modal. Patch by Guilherme Polo and Roger Serwy. - Issue #2945: Make the distutils upload command aware of bdist_rpm products. - Issue #13933: IDLE auto-complete did not work with some imported module, like hashlib. (Patch by Roger Serwy) - Issue #13901: Prevent test_distutils failures on OS X with --enable-shared. - Issue #13676: Handle strings with embedded zeros correctly in sqlite3. - Issue #13506: Add '' to path for IDLE Shell when started and restarted with Restart Shell. Original patches by Marco Scataglini and Roger Serwy. - Issue #13848: open() and the FileIO constructor now check for NUL characters in the file name. Patch by Hynek Schlawack. - Issue #13806: The size check in audioop decompression functions was too strict and could reject valid compressed data. Patch by Oleg Plakhotnyuk. - Issue #13812: When a multiprocessing Process child raises an exception, flush stderr after printing the exception traceback. - Issue #13885: CVE-2011-3389: the _ssl module would always disable the CBC IV attack countermeasure. - Issue #13772: In os.symlink() under Windows, do not try to guess the link target's type (file or directory). The detection was buggy and made the call non-atomic (therefore prone to race conditions). - Issue #6631: Disallow relative file paths in urllib urlopen methods. - Issue #13722: Avoid silencing ImportErrors when initializing the codecs registry. - Issue #13781: Fix GzipFile bug that caused an exception to be raised when opening for writing using a fileobj returned by os.fdopen(). - Issue #13803: Under Solaris, distutils doesn't include bitness in the directory name. - Issue #13589: Fix some serialization primitives in the aifc module. Patch by Oleg Plakhotnyuk. - Issue #13642: Unquote before b64encoding user:password during Basic Authentication. Patch contributed by Joonas Kuorilehto. - Issue #13726: Fix the ambiguous -S flag in regrtest. It is -o/--slow for slow tests. - Issue #12364: Fix a hang in concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor. The hang would occur when retrieving the result of a scheduled future after the executor had been shut down. - Issue #13502: threading: Fix a race condition in Event.wait() that made it return False when the event was set and cleared right after. - Issue #12926: Fix a bug in tarfile's link extraction. - Issue #13696: Fix the 302 Relative URL Redirection problem. - Issue #13636: Weak ciphers are now disabled by default in the ssl module (except when SSLv2 is explicitly asked for). - Issue #12798: Updated the mimetypes documentation. - Issue #11006: Don't issue low level warning in subprocess when pipe2() fails. - Issue #11829: Fix code execution holes in inspect.getattr_static for metaclasses with metaclasses. Patch by Andreas Stührk. - Issue #1785: Fix inspect and pydoc with misbehaving descriptors. - Issue #11813: Fix inspect.getattr_static for modules. Patch by Andreas Stührk. - Issue #7502: Fix equality comparison for DocTestCase instances. Patch by Cédric Krier. - Issue #11870: threading: Properly reinitialize threads internal locks and condition variables to avoid deadlocks in child processes. - Issue #8035: urllib: Fix a bug where the client could remain stuck after a redirection or an error. - Issue #10350: Read and save errno before calling a function which might overwrite it. Original patch by Hallvard B Furuseth. - Issue #13591: A bug in importlib has been fixed that caused import_module to load a module twice. - Issue #4625: If IDLE cannot write to its recent file or breakpoint files, display a message popup and continue rather than crash. (original patch by Roger Serwy) - Issue #5905: time.strftime() is now using the locale encoding, instead of UTF-8, if the wcsftime() function is not available. - Issue #8641: Update IDLE 3 syntax coloring to recognize b".." and not u"..". Patch by Tal Einat. - tarfile.py: Correctly detect bzip2 compressed streams with blocksizes other than 900k. - Issue #13439: Fix many errors in turtle docstrings. - Issue #13487: Make inspect.getmodule robust against changes done to sys.modules while it is iterating over it. - Issue #12618: Fix a bug that prevented py_compile from creating byte compiled files in the current directory. Initial patch by Sjoerd de Vries. - Issue #13444: When stdout has been closed explicitly, we should not attempt to flush it at shutdown and print an error. - Issue #12856: Ensure child processes do not inherit the parent's random seed for filename generation in the tempfile module. Patch by Brian Harring. - Issue #13458: Fix a memory leak in the ssl module when decoding a certificate with a subjectAltName. Patch by Robert Xiao. - Issue #13415: os.unsetenv() doesn't ignore errors anymore. - Issue #13322: Fix BufferedWriter.write() to ensure that BlockingIOError is raised when the wrapped raw file is non-blocking and the write would block. Previous code assumed that the raw write() would raise BlockingIOError, but RawIOBase.write() is defined to returned None when the call would block. Patch by sbt. - Issue #13358: HTMLParser now calls handle_data only once for each CDATA. - Issue #4147: minidom's toprettyxml no longer adds whitespace around a text node when it is the only child of an element. Initial patch by Dan Kenigsberg. - Issues #1745761, #755670, #13357, #12629, #1200313: HTMLParser now correctly handles non-valid attributes, including adjacent and unquoted attributes. - Issue #13193: Fix distutils.filelist.FileList under Windows. - Issue #13384: Remove unnecessary __future__ import in Lib/random.py - Issue #13373: multiprocessing.Queue.get() could sometimes block indefinitely when called with a timeout. Patch by Arnaud Ysmal. - Issue #13254: Fix Maildir initialization so that maildir contents are read correctly. - Issue #3067: locale.setlocale() now raises TypeError if the second argument is an invalid iterable. Its documentation and docstring were also updated. Initial patch by Jyrki Pulliainen. - Issue #13140: Fix the daemon_threads attribute of ThreadingMixIn. - Issue #13339: Fix compile error in posixmodule.c due to missing semicolon. Thanks to Robert Xiao. - Issue #10570: curses.putp() and curses.tparm() are now expecting a byte string, instead of a Unicode string. - Issue #2892: preserve iterparse events in case of SyntaxError. - Issue #670664: Fix HTMLParser to correctly handle the content of ```` and ````. - Issue #10817: Fix urlretrieve function to raise ContentTooShortError even when reporthook is None. Patch by Jyrki Pulliainen. - Issue #13296: Fix IDLE to clear compile __future__ flags on shell restart. (Patch by Roger Serwy) - Issue #13293: Better error message when trying to marshal bytes using xmlrpc.client. - Issue #13291: NameError in xmlrpc package. - Issue #13258: Use callable() built-in in the standard library. - Issue #13273: fix a bug that prevented HTMLParser to properly detect some tags when strict=False. - Issue #10332: multiprocessing: fix a race condition when a Pool is closed before all tasks have completed. - Issue #13255: wrong docstrings in array module. - Issue #9168: now smtpd is able to bind privileged port. - Issue #12529: fix cgi.parse_header issue on strings with double-quotes and semicolons together. Patch by Ben Darnell and Petri Lehtinen. - Issue #12448: smtplib now flushes stdout while running ``python -m smtplib`` in order to display the prompt correctly. - Issue #6090: zipfile raises a ValueError when a document with a timestamp earlier than 1980 is provided. Patch contributed by Petri Lehtinen. - Issue #13194: zlib.compressobj().copy() and zlib.decompressobj().copy() are now available on Windows. - Issue #13158: Fix decoding and encoding of GNU tar specific base-256 number fields in tarfile. - Issue #13177: Functools lru_cache() no longer calls the original function inside an exception handler. This makes tracebacks easier to read because chained exceptions are avoided. - Issue #13025: mimetypes is now reading MIME types using the UTF-8 encoding, instead of the locale encoding. - Issue #10653: On Windows, use strftime() instead of wcsftime() because wcsftime() doesn't format time zone correctly. - Issue #11171: Fix distutils.sysconfig.get_makefile_filename when Python was configured with different prefix and exec-prefix. - Issue #11254: Teach distutils to compile .pyc and .pyo files in PEP 3147-compliant __pycache__ directories. - Issue #11250: Back port fix from 3.3 branch, so that 2to3 can handle files with line feeds. This was ported from the sandbox to the 3.3 branch, but didn't make it into 3.2. - Issue #7367: Fix pkgutil.walk_paths to skip directories whose contents cannot be read. - Issue #13099: Fix sqlite3.Cursor.lastrowid under a Turkish locale. Reported and diagnosed by Thomas Kluyver. - Issue #13087: BufferedReader.seek() now always raises UnsupportedOperation if the underlying raw stream is unseekable, even if the seek could be satisfied using the internal buffer. Patch by John O'Connor. - Issue #7689: Allow pickling of dynamically created classes when their metaclass is registered with copyreg. Patch by Nicolas M. Thiéry and Craig Citro. - Issue #4147: minidom's toprettyxml no longer adds whitespace to text nodes. - Issue #13034: When decoding some SSL certificates, the subjectAltName extension could be unreported. - Issue #9871: Prevent IDLE 3 crash when given byte stings with invalid hex escape sequences, like b'\x0'. (Original patch by Claudiu Popa.) - Issue #8933: distutils' PKG-INFO files will now correctly report Metadata-Version: 1.1 instead of 1.0 if a Classifier or Download-URL field is present. - Issue #9561: distutils now reads and writes egg-info files using UTF-8, instead of the locale encoding. - Issue #12888: Fix a bug in HTMLParser.unescape that prevented it to escape more than 128 entities. Patch by Peter Otten. - Issue #12878: Expose a __dict__ attribute on io.IOBase and its subclasses. - Issue #12636: IDLE reads the coding cookie when executing a Python script. - Issue #12847: Fix a crash with negative PUT and LONG_BINPUT arguments in the C pickle implementation. - Issue #11564: Avoid crashes when trying to pickle huge objects or containers (more than 2**31 items). Instead, in most cases, an OverflowError is raised. - Issue #12287: Fix a stack corruption in ossaudiodev module when the FD is greater than FD_SETSIZE. - Issue #11657: Fix sending file descriptors over 255 over a multiprocessing Pipe. - Issue #13007: whichdb should recognize gdbm 1.9 magic numbers. - Issue #12213: Fix a buffering bug with interleaved reads and writes that could appear on BufferedRandom streams. - Issue #12650: Fix a race condition where a subprocess.Popen could leak resources (FD/zombie) when killed at the wrong time. - Issue #10860: http.client now correctly handles an empty port after port delimiter in URLs. Build ----- - Issue #6807: Run msisupport.mak earlier. - Issue #10580: Minor grammar change in Windows installer. - Issue #13326: Clean __pycache__ directories correctly on OpenBSD. Tools/Demos ----------- - Issue #14053: patchcheck.py ("make patchcheck") now works with MQ patches. Patch by Francisco Martín Brugué. - Issue #13930: 2to3 is now able to write its converted output files to another directory tree as well as copying unchanged files and altering the file suffix. See its new -o, -W and --add-suffix options. This makes it more useful in many automated code translation workflows. - Issue #13628: python-gdb.py is now able to retrieve more frames in the Python traceback if Python is optimized. Tests ----- - Issue #11689: Fix a variable scoping error in an sqlite3 test - Issue #13786: Remove unimplemented 'trace' long option from regrtest.py. - Issue #13725: Fix regrtest to recognize the documented -d flag. Patch by Erno Tukia. - Issue #13304: Skip test case if user site-packages disabled (-s or PYTHONNOUSERSITE). (Patch by Carl Meyer) - Issue #13218: Fix test_ssl failures on Debian/Ubuntu. - Issue #12821: Fix test_fcntl failures on OpenBSD 5. - Re-enable lib2to3's test_parser.py tests, though with an expected failure (see issue 13125). Extension Modules ----------------- - Issue #13840: The error message produced by ctypes.create_string_buffer when given a Unicode string has been fixed. - Issue #9975: socket: Fix incorrect use of flowinfo and scope_id. Patch by Vilmos Nebehaj. - Issue #13159: FileIO and BZ2File now use a linear-time buffer growth strategy instead of a quadratic-time one. - Issue #13070: Fix a crash when a TextIOWrapper caught in a reference cycle would be finalized after the reference to its underlying BufferedRWPair's writer got cleared by the GC. - Issue #12881: ctypes: Fix segfault with large structure field names. - Issue #13058: ossaudiodev: fix a file descriptor leak on error. Patch by Thomas Jarosch. - Issue #13013: ctypes: Fix a reference leak in PyCArrayType_from_ctype. Thanks to Suman Saha for finding the bug and providing a patch. - Issue #13022: Fix: _multiprocessing.recvfd() doesn't check that file descriptor was actually received. - Issue #12483: ctypes: Fix a crash when the destruction of a callback object triggers the garbage collector. - Issue #12950: Fix passing file descriptors in multiprocessing, under OpenIndiana/Illumos. Documentation ------------- - Issues #13491 and #13995: Fix many errors in sqlite3 documentation. Initial patch for #13491 by Johannes Vogel. - Issue #13402: Document absoluteness of sys.executable. - Issue #13883: PYTHONCASEOK also used on OS X and OS/2. - Issue #12949: Document the kwonlyargcount argument for the PyCode_New C API function. - Issue #2134: The tokenize documentation has been clarified to explain why all operator and delimiter tokens are treated as token.OP tokens. - Issue #13513: Fix io.IOBase documentation to correctly link to the io.IOBase.readline method instead of the readline module. - Issue #13237: Reorganise subprocess documentation to emphasise convenience functions and the most commonly needed arguments to Popen. - Issue #13141: Demonstrate recommended style for socketserver examples. What's New in Python 3.2.2? =========================== *Release date: 03-Sep-2011* Core and Builtins ----------------- - Issue #12326: sys.platform is now always 'linux2' on Linux, even if Python is compiled on Linux 3. - Accept bytes for the AST string type. This is temporary until a proper fix in 3.3. Library ------- - Issue #8286: The distutils command sdist will print a warning message instead of crashing when an invalid path is given in the manifest template. - Issue #12841: tarfile unnecessarily checked the existence of numerical user and group ids on extraction. If one of them did not exist the respective id of the current user (i.e. root) was used for the file and ownership information was lost. - Issue #10946: The distutils commands bdist_dumb, bdist_wininst and bdist_msi now respect a --skip-build option given to bdist. - Issue #12839: Fix crash in zlib module due to version mismatch. Fix by Richard M. Tew. Extension Modules ----------------- - Issue #9651: Fix a crash when ctypes.create_string_buffer(0) was passed to some functions like file.write(). What's New in Python 3.2.2 release candidate 1? =============================================== *Release date: 14-Aug-2011* Core and Builtins ----------------- - Issue #12732: In narrow unicode builds, allow Unicode identifiers which fall outside the BMP. - Issue #11603: Fix a crash when __str__ is rebound as __repr__. Patch by Andreas Stührk. - Issue #11321: Fix a crash with multiple imports of the _pickle module when embedding Python. Patch by Andreas Stührk. - Verify the types of AST strings and identifiers provided by the user before compiling them. - Issue #12579: str.format_map() now raises a ValueError if used on a format string that contains positional fields. Initial patch by Julian Berman. - Issue #11627: Fix segfault when __new__ on a exception returns a non-exception class. - Issue #12149: Update the method cache after a type's dictionary gets cleared by the garbage collector. This fixes a segfault when an instance and its type get caught in a reference cycle, and the instance's deallocator calls one of the methods on the type (e.g. when subclassing IOBase). Diagnosis and patch by Davide Rizzo. - When a generator yields, do not retain the caller's exception state on the generator. - Issue #12475: Prevent generators from leaking their exception state into the caller's frame as they return for the last time. Library ------- - Issue #11513: Fix exception handling ``tarfile.TarFile.gzopen()`` when the file cannot be opened. - Issue #12687: Fix a possible buffering bug when unpickling text mode (protocol 0, mostly) pickles. - Issue #10087: Fix the html output format of the calendar module. - Issue #12540: Prevent zombie IDLE processes on Windows due to changes in os.kill(). - Issue #12683: urlparse updated to include svn as schemes that uses relative paths. (svn from 1.5 onwards support relative path). - Issues #11104, #8688: Fix the behavior of distutils' sdist command with manually-maintained MANIFEST files. - Issue #12464: tempfile.TemporaryDirectory.cleanup() should not follow symlinks: fix it. Patch by Petri Lehtinen. - Issue #8887: "pydoc somebuiltin.somemethod" (or help('somebuiltin.somemethod') in Python code) now finds the doc of the method. - Issue #12603: Fix pydoc.synopsis() on files with non-negative st_mtime. - Issue #12514: Use try/finally to assure the timeit module restores garbage collections when it is done. - Issue #12607: In subprocess, fix issue where if stdin, stdout or stderr is given as a low fd, it gets overwritten. - Issue #12590: IDLE editor window now always displays the first line when opening a long file. With Tk 8.5, the first line was hidden. - Issue #12576: Fix urlopen behavior on sites which do not send (or obfuscates) Connection:close header. - Issue #1813: Fix codec lookup under Turkish locales. - Issue #12591: Improve support of "universal newlines" in the subprocess module: the piped streams can now be properly read from or written to. - Issue #12591: Allow io.TextIOWrapper to work with raw IO objects (without a read1() method), and add an undocumented *write_through* parameter to mandate unbuffered writes. - Issue #9611, #9015: FileIO.read() clamps the length to INT_MAX on Windows. - Issue #10883: Fix socket leaks in urllib.request when using FTP. - Issue #12571: Add a plat-linux3 directory mirroring the plat-linux2 directory, so that "import DLFCN" and other similar imports work on Linux 3.0. - Issue #7484: smtplib no longer puts <> around addresses in VRFY and EXPN commands; they aren't required and in fact postfix doesn't support that form. - Close the call queue in concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor when shutdown() is called, without waiting for the garbage collector to kick in. - Issue #12502: asyncore: fix polling loop with AF_UNIX sockets. - Issue #4376: ctypes now supports nested structures with an endianness different than that of the parent structure. Patch by Vlad Riscutia. - Raise ValueError when attempting to set the _CHUNK_SIZE attribute of a TextIOWrapper to a huge value, not TypeError. - Issue #12493: subprocess: Popen.communicate() now also handles EINTR errors if the process has only one pipe. - Issue #12451: pydoc: html_getfile() now uses tokenize.open() to support Python modules using a encoding different than UTF-8 (reading the coding cookie of the module). - Issue #12451: pydoc: importfile() now opens the Python module in binary mode, instead of text mode using the locale encoding, to avoid encoding issues. - Issue #12451: runpy: run_path() now opens the Python module in binary mode, instead of text mode using the locale encoding, to support other encodings than UTF-8 (modules using the coding cookie). - Issue #12451: xml.dom.pulldom: parse() now opens files in binary mode instead of the text mode (using the locale encoding) to avoid encoding issues. - Issue #14443: Ensure that .py files are byte-compiled with the correct Python executable within bdist_rpm even on older versions of RPM Extension Modules ----------------- - Issue #12764: Fix a crash in ctypes when the name of a Structure field is not a string. - Issue #11241: subclasses of ctypes.Array can now be subclassed. - Issue #10309: Define _GNU_SOURCE so that mremap() gets the proper signature. Without this, architectures where sizeof void* != sizeof int are broken. Patch given by Hallvard B Furuseth. C-API ----- Build ----- - Issue #12560: Build libpython.so on OpenBSD. Patch by Stefan Sperling. - Issue #12592: Make Python build on OpenBSD 5 (and future major releases). - Issue #12372: POSIX semaphores are broken on AIX: don't use them. Tools/Demos ----------- - Issue #10639: reindent.py no longer converts newlines and will raise an error if attempting to convert a file with mixed newlines. Tests ----- - Issue #12331: The test suite for lib2to3 can now run from an installed Python. - Issue #12626: In regrtest, allow to filter tests using a glob filter with the ``-m`` (or ``--match``) option. This works with all test cases using the unittest module. This is useful with long test suites such as test_io or test_subprocess. - Issue #12624: It is now possible to fail after the first failure when running in verbose mode (``-v`` or ``-W``), by using the ``--failfast`` (or ``-G``) option to regrtest. This is useful with long test suites such as test_io or test_subprocess. - Issue #12587: Correct faulty test file and reference in test_tokenize. (Patch by Robert Xiao) - Try harder to reap dangling threads in test.support.reap_threads(). - Issue #12573: Add resource checks for dangling Thread and Process objects. - Issue #12549: Correct test_platform to not fail when OS X returns 'x86_64' as the processor type on some Mac systems. - Avoid failing in test_robotparser when mueblesmoraleda.com is flaky and an overzealous DNS service (e.g. OpenDNS) redirects to a placeholder Web site. - Issue #12440: When testing whether some bits in SSLContext.options can be reset, check the version of the OpenSSL headers Python was compiled against, rather than the runtime version of the OpenSSL library. - Issue #12497: Install test/data to prevent failures of the various codecmaps tests. - Issue #12496: Install test/capath directory to prevent test_connect_capath testcase failure in test_ssl. - Issue #12469: Run "wakeup" signal tests in subprocess to run the test in a fresh process with only one thread and to not change signal handling of the parent process. - Issue #8716: Avoid crashes caused by Aqua Tk on OSX when attempting to run test_tk or test_ttk_guionly under a username that is not currently logged in to the console windowserver (as may be the case under buildbot or ssh). What's New in Python 3.2.1? =========================== *Release date: 10-Jul-2011* Library ------- - Issue #12467: warnings: fix a race condition if a warning is emitted at shutdown, if globals()['__file__'] is None. Tests ----- - Skip network tests when getaddrinfo() returns EAI_AGAIN, meaning a temporary failure in name resolution. - Issue #11812: Solve transient socket failure to connect to 'localhost' in test_telnetlib.py. - Solved a potential deadlock in test_telnetlib.py. Related to issue #11812. - Avoid failing in test_urllibnet.test_bad_address when some overzealous DNS service (e.g. OpenDNS) resolves a non-existent domain name. The test is now skipped instead. What's New in Python 3.2.1 release candidate 2? =============================================== *Release date: 03-Jul-2011* Core and Builtins ----------------- - Issue #12291: You can now load multiple marshalled objects from a stream, with other data interleaved between marshalled objects. - Issue #12084: os.stat on Windows now works properly with relative symbolic links when called from any directory. - Issue #1195: my_fgets() now always clears errors before calling fgets(). Fix the following case: sys.stdin.read() stopped with CTRL+d (end of file), raw_input() interrupted by CTRL+c. - Issue #9670: Increase the default stack size for secondary threads on Mac OS X and FreeBSD to reduce the chances of a crash instead of a "maximum recursion depth" RuntimeError exception (patch by Ronald Oussoren). Library ------- - Issue #12147: Adjust the new-in-3.2 smtplib.send_message method for better conformance to the RFCs: correctly handle Sender and Resent headers. - Issue #12352: Fix a deadlock in multiprocessing.Heap when a block is freed by the garbage collector while the Heap lock is held. - Issue #12451: The XInclude default loader of xml.etree now decodes files from UTF-8 instead of the locale encoding if the encoding is not specified. It now also opens XML files for the parser in binary mode instead of the text mode to avoid encoding issues. - Issue #12451: doctest.debug_script() doesn't create a temporary file anymore to avoid encoding issues. - Issue #12451: pydoc.synopsis() now reads the encoding cookie if available, to read the Python module from the right encoding. - Issue #12451: distutils now opens the setup script in binary mode to read the encoding cookie, instead of opening it in UTF-8. - Issue #9516: On Mac OS X, change Distutils to no longer globally attempt to check or set the MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET environment variable for the interpreter process. This could cause failures in non-Distutils subprocesses and was unreliable since tests or user programs could modify the interpreter environment after Distutils set it. Instead, have Distutils set the deployment target only in the environment of each build subprocess. It is still possible to globally override the default by setting MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET before launching the interpreter; its value must be greater or equal to the default value, the value with which the interpreter was built. - Issue #12383: Fix subprocess module with env={}: don't copy the environment variables, start with an empty environment. - Issue #11584: email.header.decode_header no longer fails if the header passed to it is a Header object, and Header/make_header no longer fail if given binary unknown-8bit input. - Issue #11700: mailbox proxy object close methods can now be called multiple times without error. - Issue #11767: Correct file descriptor leak in mailbox's __getitem__ method. - Issue #12133: AbstractHTTPHandler.do_open() of urllib.request closes the HTTP connection if its getresponse() method fails with a socket error. Patch written by Ezio Melotti. - Issue #9284: Allow inspect.findsource() to find the source of doctest functions. - Issue #12009: Fixed regression in netrc file comment handling. - Issue #10694: zipfile now ignores garbage at the end of a zipfile. - Issue #12283: Fixed regression in smtplib quoting of leading dots in DATA. - Issue #12168: SysLogHandler now allows NUL termination to be controlled using a new 'append_nul' attribute on the handler. - Issue #11583: Speed up os.path.isdir on Windows by using GetFileAttributes instead of os.stat. - Named tuples now work correctly with vars(). - Issue #12085: Fix an attribute error in subprocess.Popen destructor if the constructor has failed, e.g. because of an undeclared keyword argument. Patch written by Oleg Oshmyan. - Issue #985064: Make plistlib more resilient to faulty input plists. Patch by Mher Movsisyan. - Issue #12175: RawIOBase.readall() now returns None if read() returns None. - Issue #12175: FileIO.readall() now raises a ValueError instead of an IOError if the file is closed. - Issue #12070: Fix the Makefile parser of the sysconfig module to handle correctly references to "bogus variable" (e.g. "prefix=$/opt/python"). - Issue #12100: Don't reset incremental encoders of CJK codecs at each call to their encode() method anymore, but continue to call the reset() method if the final argument is True. - Issue #5715: In socketserver, close the server socket in the child process. - Correct lookup of __dir__ on objects. Among other things, this causes errors besides AttributeError found on lookup to be propagated. - Issue #12124: zipimport doesn't keep a reference to zlib.decompress() anymore to be able to unload the module. - Issue #12065: connect_ex() on an SSL socket now returns the original errno when the socket's timeout expires (it used to return None). Extension Modules ----------------- - Issue #12404: Remove C89 incompatible code from mmap module. Patch by Akira Kitada. - Issue #12221: Replace pyexpat.__version__ with the Python version. Build ----- - Issue #8746: Correct faulty configure checks so that os.chflags() and os.lchflags() are once again built on systems that support these functions (*BSD and OS X). Also add new stat file flags for OS X (UF_HIDDEN and UF_COMPRESSED). - Issue #11217: For 64-bit/32-bit Mac OS X universal framework builds, ensure "make install" creates symlinks in --prefix bin for the "-32" files in the framework bin directory like the installer does. Tests ----- - Issue #12407: Explicitly skip test_capi.EmbeddingTest under Windows. - Issue #12400: regrtest -W doesn't rerun the tests twice anymore, but captures the output and displays it on failure instead. regrtest -v doesn't print the error twice anymore if there is only one error. - Issue #12141: Install a copy of template C module file so that test_build_ext of test_distutils is no longer silently skipped when run outside of a build directory. - Issue #8746: Add additional tests for os.chflags() and os.lchflags(). Patch by Garrett Cooper. - Issue #10736: Fix test_ttk test_widgets failures with Cocoa Tk 8.5.9 on Mac OS X. (Patch by Ronald Oussoren) - Issue #12057: Add tests for ISO 2022 codecs (iso2022_jp, iso2022_jp_2, iso2022_kr). What's New in Python 3.2.1 release candidate 1? =============================================== *Release date: 15-May-2011* Core and Builtins ----------------- - Issue #12060: Use sig_atomic_t type and volatile keyword in the signal module. Patch written by Charles-François Natali. - Issue #12044: Fixed subprocess.Popen when used as a context manager to wait for the process to end when exiting the context to avoid unintentionally leaving zombie processes around. - Issue #1195: Fix input() if it is interrupted by CTRL+d and then CTRL+c, clear the end-of-file indicator after CTRL+d. Library ------- - Issue #11088: don't crash when using F5 to run a script in IDLE on MacOSX with Tk 8.5. - Issue #9516: Issue #9516: avoid errors in sysconfig when MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET is set in shell. - Issue #12012: ssl.PROTOCOL_SSLv2 becomes optional. - Issue #8650: Make zlib module 64-bit clean. compress(), decompress() and their incremental counterparts now raise OverflowError if given an input larger than 4GB, instead of silently truncating the input and returning an incorrect result. - Issue #12050: zlib.decompressobj().decompress() now clears the unconsumed_tail attribute when called without a max_length argument. - Issue #12062: Fix a flushing bug when doing a certain type of I/O sequence on a file opened in read+write mode (namely: reading, seeking a bit forward, writing, then seeking before the previous write but still within buffered data, and writing again). - Issue #1028: Tk returns invalid Unicode null in %A: UnicodeDecodeError. With Tk < 8.5 _tkinter.c:PythonCmd() raised UnicodeDecodeError, caused IDLE to exit. Converted to valid Unicode null in PythonCmd(). - Issue #11169: compileall module uses repr() to format filenames and paths to escape surrogate characters and show spaces. - Issue #10419, #6011: build_scripts command of distutils handles correctly non-ASCII path (path to the Python executable). Open and write the script in binary mode, but ensure that the shebang is decodable from UTF-8 and from the encoding of the script. - Issue #8498: In socket.accept(), allow to specify 0 as a backlog value in order to accept exactly one connection. Patch by Daniel Evers. - Issue #11164: Stop trying to use _xmlplus in the xml module. Build ----- - Issue #11347: Use --no-as-needed when linking libpython3.so. Tools/Demos ----------- - Issue #11996: libpython (gdb), replace "py-bt" command by "py-bt-full" and add a smarter "py-bt" command printing a classic Python traceback. Tests ----- - Issue #12096: Fix a race condition in test_threading.test_waitfor(). Patch written by Charles-François Natali. - Issue #11614: import __hello__ prints "Hello World!". Patch written by Andreas Stührk. - Issue #5723: Improve json tests to be executed with and without accelerations. - Issue #11910: Fix test_heapq to skip the C tests when _heapq is missing. What's New in Python 3.2.1 beta 1? ================================== *Release date: 08-May-2011* Core and Builtins ----------------- - Issue #1856: Avoid crashes and lockups when daemon threads run while the interpreter is shutting down; instead, these threads are now killed when they try to take the GIL. - Issue #9756: When calling a method descriptor or a slot wrapper descriptor, the check of the object type doesn't read the __class__ attribute anymore. Fix a crash if a class override its __class__ attribute (e.g. a proxy of the str type). Patch written by Andreas Stührk. - Issue #10914: Initialize correctly the filesystem codec when creating a new subinterpreter to fix a bootstrap issue with codecs implemented in Python, as the ISO-8859-15 codec. - Issue #10517: After fork(), reinitialize the TLS used by the PyGILState_* APIs, to avoid a crash with the pthread implementation in RHEL 5. Patch by Charles-François Natali. - Issue #6780: fix starts/endswith error message to mention that tuples are accepted too. - Issue #5057: fix a bug in the peepholer that led to non-portable pyc files between narrow and wide builds while optimizing BINARY_SUBSCR on non-BMP chars (e.g. "\U00012345"[0]). - Issue #11845: Fix typo in rangeobject.c that caused a crash in compute_slice_indices. Patch by Daniel Urban. - Issue #11650: PyOS_StdioReadline() retries fgets() if it was interrupted (EINTR), for example if the program is stopped with CTRL+z on Mac OS X. Patch written by Charles-Francois Natali. - Issue #11395: io.FileIO().write() clamps the data length to 32,767 bytes on Windows if the file is a TTY to workaround a Windows bug. The Windows console returns an error (12: not enough space error) on writing into stdout if stdout mode is binary and the length is greater than 66,000 bytes (or less, depending on heap usage). - Issue #11320: fix bogus memory management in Modules/getpath.c, leading to a possible crash when calling Py_SetPath(). - Issue #11510: Fixed optimizer bug which turned "a,b={1,1}" into "a,b=(1,1)". - Issue #11432: A bug was introduced in subprocess.Popen on posix systems with 3.2.0 where the stdout or stderr file descriptor being the same as the stdin file descriptor would raise an exception. webbrowser.open would fail. fixed. - Issue #11450: Don't truncate hg version info in Py_GetBuildInfo() when there are many tags (e.g. when using mq). Patch by Nadeem Vawda. - Issue #11246: Fix PyUnicode_FromFormat("%V") to decode the byte string from UTF-8 (with replace error handler) instead of ISO-8859-1 (in strict mode). Patch written by Ray Allen. - Issue #11286: Raise a ValueError from calling PyMemoryView_FromBuffer with a buffer struct having a NULL data pointer. - Issue #11272: On Windows, input() strips '\r' (and not only '\n'), and sys.stdin uses universal newline (replace '\r\n' by '\n'). - Issue #11828: startswith and endswith don't accept None as slice index. Patch by Torsten Becker. - Issue #10830: Fix PyUnicode_FromFormatV("%c") for non-BMP characters on narrow build. - Check for NULL result in PyType_FromSpec. - Issue #11386: bytearray.pop() now throws IndexError when the bytearray is empty, instead of OverflowError. Library ------- - Issue #11927: SMTP_SSL now uses port 465 by default as documented. Patch by Kasun Herath. - Issue #12002: ftplib's abort() method raises TypeError. - Issue #11999: fixed sporadic sync failure mailbox.Maildir due to its trying to detect mtime changes by comparing to the system clock instead of to the previous value of the mtime. - ntpath.samefile failed to notice that "a.txt" and "A.TXT" refer to the same file on Windows XP. As noticed in issue #10684. - Issue #12000: When a SSL certificate has a subjectAltName without any dNSName entry, ssl.match_hostname() should use the subject's commonName. Patch by Nicolas Bareil. - Issue #11647: objects created using contextlib.contextmanager now support more than one call to the function when used as a decorator. Initial patch by Ysj Ray. - logging: don't define QueueListener if Python has no thread support. - functools.cmp_to_key() now works with collections.Hashable(). - Issue #11277: mmap.mmap() calls fcntl(fd, F_FULLFSYNC) on Mac OS X to get around a mmap bug with sparse files. Patch written by Steffen Daode Nurpmeso. - Issue #11858: configparser.ExtendedInterpolation expected lower-case section names. - Issue #11324: ConfigParser(interpolation=None) now works correctly. - Issue #11763: don't use difflib in TestCase.assertMultiLineEqual if the strings are too long. - Issue #11236: getpass.getpass responds to ctrl-c or ctrl-z on terminal. - Issue #11768: The signal handler of the signal module only calls Py_AddPendingCall() for the first signal to fix a deadlock on reentrant or parallel calls. PyErr_SetInterrupt() writes also into the wake up file. - Issue #11492: fix several issues with header folding in the email package. - Issue #11852: Add missing imports and update tests. - Issue #11875: collections.OrderedDict's __reduce__ was temporarily mutating the object instead of just working on a copy. - Issue #11467: Fix urlparse behavior when handling urls which contains scheme specific part only digits. Patch by Santoso Wijaya. - collections.Counter().copy() now works correctly for subclasses. - Issue #11474: Fix the bug with url2pathname() handling of '/C|/' on Windows. Patch by Santoso Wijaya. - Issue #9233: Fix json.loads('{}') to return a dict (instead of a list), when _json is not available. - Issue #11830: Remove unnecessary introspection code in the decimal module. - Issue #11703: urllib2.geturl() does not return correct url when the original url contains #fragment. - Issue #10019: Fixed regression in json module where an indent of 0 stopped adding newlines and acted instead like 'None'. - Issue #5162: Treat services like frozen executables to allow child spawning from multiprocessing.forking on Windows. - Issue #11814: Fix likely typo in multiprocessing.Pool._terminate(). - Issue #11747: Fix range formatting in difflib.context_diff() and difflib.unified_diff(). - Issue #8428: Fix a race condition in multiprocessing.Pool when terminating worker processes: new processes would be spawned while the pool is being shut down. Patch by Charles-François Natali. - Issue #7311: fix html.parser to accept non-ASCII attribute values. - Issue #11605: email.parser.BytesFeedParser was incorrectly converting multipart subparts with an 8-bit CTE into unicode instead of preserving the bytes. - Issue #10963: Ensure that subprocess.communicate() never raises EPIPE. - Issue #11746: Fix SSLContext.load_cert_chain() to accept elliptic curve private keys. - sys.getfilesystemencoding() raises a RuntimeError if initfsencoding() was not called yet: detect bootstrap (startup) issues earlier. - Issue #11618: Fix the timeout logic in threading.Lock.acquire() under Windows. - Issue #11256: Fix inspect.getcallargs on functions that take only keyword arguments. - Issue #11696: Fix ID generation in msilib. - Issue #9696: Fix exception incorrectly raised by xdrlib.Packer.pack_int when trying to pack a negative (in-range) integer. - Issue #11675: multiprocessing.[Raw]Array objects created from an integer size are now zeroed on creation. This matches the behaviour specified by the documentation. - Issue #7639: Fix short file name generation in bdist_msi - Issue #11659: Fix ResourceWarning in test_subprocess introduced by #11459. Patch by Ben Hayden. - Issue #11635: Don't use polling in worker threads and processes launched by concurrent.futures. - Issue #11628: cmp_to_key generated class should use __slots__ - Issue #11666: let help() display named tuple attributes and methods that start with a leading underscore. - Issue #11662: Make urllib and urllib2 ignore redirections if the scheme is not HTTP, HTTPS or FTP (CVE-2011-1521). - Issue #5537: Fix time2isoz() and time2netscape() functions of httplib.cookiejar for expiration year greater than 2038 on 32-bit systems. - Issue #11563: Connection:close header is sent by requests using URLOpener class which helps in closing of sockets after connection is over. Patch contributions by Jeff McNeil and Nadeem Vawda. - Issue #11459: A ``bufsize`` value of 0 in subprocess.Popen() really creates unbuffered pipes, such that select() works properly on them. - Issue #5421: Fix misleading error message when one of socket.sendto()'s arguments has the wrong type. Patch by Nikita Vetoshkin. - Issue #10979: unittest stdout buffering now works with class and module setup and teardown. - Issue #11577: fix ResourceWarning triggered by improved binhex test coverage - Issue #11243: fix the parameter querying methods of Message to work if the headers contain un-encoded non-ASCII data. - Issue #11401: fix handling of headers with no value; this fixes a regression relative to Python2 and the result is now the same as it was in Python2. - Issue #9298: base64 bodies weren't being folded to line lengths less than 78, which was a regression relative to Python2. Unlike Python2, the last line of the folded body now ends with a carriage return. - Issue #11560: shutil.unpack_archive now correctly handles the format parameter. Patch by Evan Dandrea. - Issue #11133: fix two cases where inspect.getattr_static can trigger code execution. Patch by Andreas Stührk. - Issue #11569: use absolute path to the sysctl command in multiprocessing to ensure that it will be found regardless of the shell PATH. This ensures that multiprocessing.cpu_count works on default installs of MacOSX. - Issue #11501: disutils.archive_utils.make_zipfile no longer fails if zlib is not installed. Instead, the zipfile.ZIP_STORED compression is used to create the ZipFile. Patch by Natalia B. Bidart. - Issue #11554: Fixed support for Japanese codecs; previously the body output encoding was not done if euc-jp or shift-jis was specified as the charset. - Issue #11500: Fixed a bug in the os x proxy bypass code for fully qualified IP addresses in the proxy exception list. - Issue #11491: dbm.error is no longer raised when dbm.open is called with the "n" as the flag argument and the file exists. The behavior matches the documentation and general logic. - Issue #11131: Fix sign of zero in decimal.Decimal plus and minus operations when the rounding mode is ROUND_FLOOR. - Issue #5622: Fix curses.wrapper to raise correct exception if curses initialization fails. - Issue #11391: Writing to a mmap object created with ``mmap.PROT_READ|mmap.PROT_EXEC`` would segfault instead of raising a TypeError. Patch by Charles-François Natali. - Issue #11306: mailbox in certain cases adapts to an inability to open certain files in read-write mode. Previously it detected this by checking for EACCES, now it also checks for EROFS. - Issue #11265: asyncore now correctly handles EPIPE, EBADF and EAGAIN errors on accept(), send() and recv(). - Issue #11326: Add the missing connect_ex() implementation for SSL sockets, and make it work for non-blocking connects. - Issue #7322: Trying to read from a socket's file-like object after a timeout occurred now raises an error instead of silently losing data. - Issue #10956: Buffered I/O classes retry reading or writing after a signal has arrived and the handler returned successfully. - Issue #11224: Fixed a regression in tarfile that affected the file-like objects returned by TarFile.extractfile() regarding performance, memory consumption and failures with the stream interface. - Issue #11074: Make 'tokenize' so it can be reloaded. - Issue #4681: Allow mmap() to work on file sizes and offsets larger than 4GB, even on 32-bit builds. Initial patch by Ross Lagerwall, adapted for 32-bit Windows. - Issue #11089: Fix performance issue limiting the use of ConfigParser() with large config files. - Issue #10276: Fix the results of zlib.crc32() and zlib.adler32() on buffers larger than 4GB. Patch by Nadeem Vawda. - Issue #9348: Raise an early error if argparse nargs and metavar don't match. - Issue #8982: Improve the documentation for the argparse Namespace object. - Issue #9343: Document that argparse parent parsers must be configured before their children. - Issue #9026: Fix order of argparse sub-commands in help messages. - Issue #9347: Fix formatting for tuples in argparse type= error messages. Build ----- - Issue #11411: Fix 'make DESTDIR=' with a relative destination. - Issue #11268: Prevent Mac OS X Installer failure if Documentation package had previously been installed. IDLE ---- - Issue #11718: IDLE's open module dialog couldn't find the __init__.py file in a package. Tools/Demos ----------- - Issue #11179: Make ccbench work under Python 3.1 and 2.7 again. Extension Modules ----------------- - Issue #12051: Fix segfault in json.dumps() while encoding highly-nested objects using the C accelerations. - Issue #12017: Fix segfault in json.loads() while decoding highly-nested objects using the C accelerations. - Issue #1838: Prevent segfault in ctypes, when _as_parameter_ on a class is set to an instance of the class. Tests ----- - Issue #11873: Change regex in test_compileall to fix occasional failures when when the randomly generated temporary path happened to match the regex. - Issue #10914: Add a minimal embedding test to test_capi. - Issue #11790: Fix sporadic failures in test_multiprocessing.WithProcessesTestCondition. - Fix possible "file already exists" error when running the tests in parallel. - Issue #11719: Fix message about unexpected test_msilib skip on non-Windows platforms. Patch by Nadeem Vawda. - Issue #11653: fix -W with -j in regrtest. - Issue #11577: improve test coverage of binhex.py. Patch by Arkady Koplyarov. - Issue #11578: added test for the timeit module. Patch by Michael Henry. - Issue #11503: improve test coverage of posixpath.py. Patch by Evan Dandrea. - Issue #11505: improves test coverage of string.py. Patch by Alicia Arlen. - Issue #11548: Improve test coverage of the shutil module. Patch by Evan Dandrea. - Issue #11554: Reactivated test_email_codecs. - Issue #11490: test_subprocess:test_leaking_fds_on_error no longer gives a false positive if the last directory in the path is inaccessible. - Issue #11223: Fix test_threadsignals to fail, not hang, when the non-semaphore implementation of locks is used under POSIX. - Issue #10911: Add tests on CGI with non-ASCII characters. Patch written by Pierre Quentel. - Issue #9931: Fix hangs in GUI tests under Windows in certain conditions. Patch by Hirokazu Yamamoto. - Issue #10826: Prevent sporadic failure in test_subprocess on Solaris due to open door files. Documentation ------------- - Issue #11818: Fix tempfile examples for Python 3. What's New in Python 3.2? ========================= *Release date: 20-Feb-2011* Core and Builtins ----------------- - Issue #11249: Fix potential crashes when using the limited API. Build ----- - Issue #11222: Fix non-framework shared library build on Mac OS X. - Issue #11184: Fix large-file support on AIX. - Issue #941346: Fix broken shared library build on AIX. Documentation ------------- - Issue #10709: Add updated AIX notes in Misc/README.AIX. What's New in Python 3.2 Release Candidate 3? ============================================= *Release date: 13-Feb-2011* Core and Builtins ----------------- - Issue #11134: Add missing fields to typeslots.h. - Issue #11135: Remove redundant doc field from PyType_Spec. - Issue #11067: Add PyType_GetFlags, to support PyUnicode_Check in the limited ABI. - Issue #11118: Fix bogus export of None in python3.dll. Library ------- - Issue #11116: any error during addition of a message to a mailbox now causes a rollback, instead of leaving the mailbox partially modified. - Issue #11132: Fix passing of "optimize" parameter when recursing in compileall.compile_dir(). - Issue #11110: Fix a potential decref of a NULL in sqlite3. - Issue #8275: Fix passing of callback arguments with ctypes under Win64. Patch by Stan Mihai. Build ----- - Issue #11079: The /Applications/Python x.x folder created by the Mac OS X installers now includes a link to the installed documentation and no longer includes an Extras directory. The Tools directory is now installed in the framework under share/doc. - Issue #11121: Fix building with --enable-shared. Tests ----- - Issue #10971: test_zipimport_support is once again compatible with the refleak hunter feature of test.regrtest. What's New in Python 3.2 Release Candidate 2? ============================================= *Release date: 30-Jan-2011* Core and Builtins ----------------- - Issue #10451: memoryview objects could allow to mutate a readable buffer. Initial patch by Ross Lagerwall. Library ------- - Issue #9124: mailbox now accepts binary input and reads and writes mailbox files in binary mode, using the email package's binary support to parse arbitrary email messages. StringIO and text file input is deprecated, and string input fails early if non-ASCII characters are used, where previously it would fail when the email was processed in a later step. - Issue #10845: Mitigate the incompatibility between the multiprocessing module on Windows and the use of package, zipfile or directory execution by special casing main modules that actually *are* called __main__.py. - Issue #11045: Protect logging call against None argument. - Issue #11052: Correct IDLE menu accelerators on Mac OS X for Save commands. - Issue #11053: Fix IDLE "Syntax Error" windows to behave as in 2.x, preventing a confusing hung appearance on OS X with the windows obscured. - Issue #10940: Workaround an IDLE hang on Mac OS X 10.6 when using the menu accelerators for Open Module, Go to Line, and New Indent Width. The accelerators still work but no longer appear in the menu items. - Issue #10989: Fix a crash on SSLContext.load_verify_locations(None, True). - Issue #11020: Command-line pyclbr was broken because of missing 2-to-3 conversion. - Issue #11019: Fixed BytesGenerator so that it correctly handles a Message with a None body. - Issue #11014: Make 'filter' argument in tarfile.Tarfile.add() into a keyword-only argument. The preceding positional argument was deprecated, so it made no sense to add filter as a positional argument. - Issue #11004: Repaired edge case in deque.count(). - Issue #10974: IDLE no longer crashes if its recent files list includes files with non-ASCII characters in their path names. - Have hashlib.algorithms_available and hashlib.algorithms_guaranteed both return sets instead of one returning a tuple and the other a frozenset. - Issue #10987: Fix the recursion limit handling in the _pickle module. - Issue #10983: Fix several bugs making tunnel requests in http.client. - Issue #10955: zipimport uses ASCII encoding instead of cp437 to decode filenames, at bootstrap, if the codec registry is not ready yet. It is still possible to have non-ASCII filenames using the Unicode flag (UTF-8 encoding) for all file entries in the ZIP file. - Issue #10949: Improved robustness of rotating file handlers. - Issue #10955: Fix a potential crash when trying to mmap() a file past its length. Initial patch by Ross Lagerwall. - Issue #10898: Allow compiling the posix module when the C library defines a symbol named FSTAT. - Issue #10980: the HTTP server now encodes headers with iso-8859-1 (latin1) encoding. This is the preferred encoding of PEP 3333 and the base encoding of HTTP 1.1. - To match the behaviour of HTTP server, the HTTP client library now also encodes headers with iso-8859-1 (latin1) encoding. It was already doing that for incoming headers which makes this behaviour now consistent in both incoming and outgoing direction. - Issue #9509: argparse now properly handles IOErrors raised by argparse.FileType. - Issue #10961: The new pydoc server now better handles exceptions raised during request handling. - Issue #10680: Fix mutually exclusive arguments for argument groups in argparse. Build ----- - Issue #11054: Allow Mac OS X installer builds to again work on 10.5 with the system-provided Python. What's New in Python 3.2 Release Candidate 1 ============================================ *Release date: 16-Jan-2011* Core and Builtins ----------------- - Issue #10889: range indexing and slicing now works correctly on ranges with a length that exceeds sys.maxsize. - Issue #10892: Don't segfault when trying to delete __abstractmethods__ from a class. - Issue #8020: Avoid a crash where the small objects allocator would read non-Python managed memory while it is being modified by another thread. Patch by Matt Bandy. - Issue #10841: On Windows, set the binary mode on stdin, stdout, stderr and all io.FileIO objects (to not translate newlines, \r\n <=> \n). The Python parser translates newlines (\r\n => \n). - Remove buffer API from stable ABI for now, see #10181. - Issue #8651: PyArg_Parse*() functions raise an OverflowError if the file doesn't have PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN define and the size doesn't fit in an int (length bigger than 2^31-1 bytes). - Issue #9015, #9611: FileIO.readinto(), FileIO.write(), os.write() and stdprinter.write() clamp the length to INT_MAX on Windows. - Issue #8278: On Windows and with a NTFS filesystem, os.stat() and os.utime() can now handle dates after 2038. - Issue #10780: PyErr_SetFromWindowsErrWithFilename() and PyErr_SetExcFromWindowsErrWithFilename() decode the filename from the filesystem encoding instead of UTF-8. - Issue #10779: PyErr_WarnExplicit() decodes the filename from the filesystem encoding instead of UTF-8. - Add sys.flags attribute for the new -q command-line option. - Issue #11506: Trying to assign to a bytes literal should result in a SyntaxError. Library ------- - Issue #10916: mmap should not segfault when a file is mapped using 0 as length and a non-zero offset, and an attempt to read past the end of file is made (IndexError is raised instead). Patch by Ross Lagerwall. - Issue #10154, #10090: change the normalization of UTF-8 to "UTF-8" instead of "UTF8" in the locale module as the latter is not supported MacOSX and OpenBSD. - Issue #10684: shutil.move used to delete a folder on case insensitive filesystems when the source and destination name where the same except for the case. - Issue #10907: Warn OS X 10.6 IDLE users to use ActiveState Tcl/Tk 8.5, rather than the currently problematic Apple-supplied one, when running with the 64-/32-bit installer variant. - Issue #4953: cgi.FieldStorage and cgi.parse() parse the request as bytes, not as unicode, and accept binary files. Add encoding and errors attributes to cgi.FieldStorage. Patch written by Pierre Quentel (with many inputs by Glenn Linderman). - Add encoding and errors arguments to urllib.parse_qs() and urllib.parse_qsl(). - Issue #10899: No function type annotations in the standard library. Removed function type annotations from _pyio.py. - Issue #10875: Update Regular Expression HOWTO; patch by 'SilentGhost'. - Issue #10872: The repr() of TextIOWrapper objects now includes the mode if available. - Issue #10869: Fixed bug where ast.increment_lineno modified the root node twice. - Issue #5871: email.header.Header.encode now raises an error if any continuation line in the formatted value has no leading white space and looks like a header. Since Generator uses Header to format all headers, this check is made for all headers in any serialized message at serialization time. This provides protection against header injection attacks. - Issue #10859: Make ``contextlib.GeneratorContextManager`` officially private by renaming it to ``_GeneratorContextManager``. - Issue #10042: Fixed the total_ordering decorator to handle cross-type comparisons that could lead to infinite recursion. - Issue #10686: the email package now :rfc:`2047`\ -encodes headers with non-ASCII bytes (parsed by a BytesParser) when doing conversion to 7bit-clean presentation, instead of replacing them with ?s. - email.header.Header was incorrectly encoding folding whitespace when rfc2047-encoding header values with embedded newlines, leaving them without folding whitespace. It now uses the continuation_ws, as it does for continuation lines that it creates itself. - Issue #1777412, #10827: Changed the rules for 2-digit years. The time.asctime(), time.ctime() and time.strftime() functions will now format any year when ``time.accept2dyear`` is False and will accept years >= 1000 otherwise. ``time.mktime`` and ``time.strftime`` now accept full range supported by the OS. With Visual Studio or on Solaris, the year is limited to the range [1; 9999]. Conversion of 2-digit years to 4-digit is deprecated. - Issue #7858: Raise an error properly when os.utime() fails under Windows on an existing file. - Issue #3839: wsgiref should not override a Content-Length header set by the application. Initial patch by Clovis Fabricio. - Issue #10492: bdb.Bdb.run() only traces the execution of the code, not the compilation (if the input is a string). - Issue #7995: When calling accept() on a socket with a timeout, the returned socket is now always blocking, regardless of the operating system. - Issue #10756: atexit normalizes the exception before displaying it. Patch by Andreas Stührk. - Issue #10790: email.header.Header.append's charset logic now works correctly for charsets whose output codec is different from its input codec. - Issue #10819: SocketIO.name property returns -1 when its closed, instead of raising a ValueError, to fix repr(). - Issue #8650: zlib.compress() and zlib.decompress() raise an OverflowError if the input buffer length doesn't fit into an unsigned int (length bigger than 2^32-1 bytes). - Issue #6643: Reinitialize locks held within the threading module after fork to avoid a potential rare deadlock or crash on some platforms. - Issue #10806, issue #9905: Fix subprocess pipes when some of the standard file descriptors (0, 1, 2) are closed in the parent process. Initial patch by Ross Lagerwall. - `unittest.TestCase` can be instantiated without a method name; for simpler exploration from the interactive interpreter. - Issue #10798: Reject supporting concurrent.futures if the system has too few POSIX semaphores. - Issue #10807: Remove base64, bz2, hex, quopri, rot13, uu and zlib codecs from the codec aliases. They are still accessible via codecs.lookup(). - Issue #10801: In zipfile, support different encodings for the header and the filenames. - Issue #6285: IDLE no longer crashes on missing help file; patch by Scott David Daniels. - Fix collections.OrderedDict.setdefault() so that it works in subclasses that define __missing__(). - Issue #10786: unittest.TextTestRunner default stream no longer bound at import time. `sys.stderr` now looked up at instantiation time. Fix contributed by Mark Roddy. - Issue #10753: Characters ';', '=' and ',' in the PATH_INFO environment variable won't be quoted when the URI is constructed by the wsgiref.util's request_uri method. According to RFC 3986, these characters can be a part of params in PATH component of URI and need not be quoted. - Issue #10738: Fix webbrowser.Opera.raise_opts. - Issue #9824: SimpleCookie now encodes , and ; in values to cater to how browsers actually parse cookies. - Issue #9333: os.symlink now available regardless of user privileges. The function now raises OSError on Windows >=6.0 when the user is unable to create symbolic links. XP and 2003 still raise NotImplementedError. - Issue #10783: struct.pack() no longer implicitly encodes unicode to UTF-8. - Issue #10730: Add SVG mime types to mimetypes module. - Issue #10768: Make the Tkinter ScrolledText widget work again. - Issue #10777: Fix "dictionary changed size during iteration" bug in ElementTree register_namespace(). - Issue #10626: test_logging now preserves logger disabled states. - Issue #10774: test_logging now removes temp files created during tests. - Issue #5258/#10642: if site.py encounters a .pth file that generates an error, it now prints the filename, line number, and traceback to stderr and skips the rest of that individual file, instead of stopping processing entirely. - Issue #10763: subprocess.communicate() closes stdout and stderr if both are pipes (bug specific to Windows). - Issue #1693546: fix email.message RFC 2231 parameter encoding to be in better compliance (no "s around encoded values). - Improved the diff message in the unittest module's assertCountEqual(). - Issue #1155362: email.utils.parsedate_tz now handles a missing space before the '-' of a timezone field as well as before a '+'. - Issue #4871: The zipfile module now gives a more useful error message if an attempt is made to use a string to specify the archive password. - Issue #10750: The ``raw`` attribute of buffered IO objects is now read-only. - Deprecated assertDictContainsSubset() in the unittest module. C-API ----- - Issue #10913: Deprecate misleading functions PyEval_AcquireLock() and PyEval_ReleaseLock(). The thread-state aware APIs should be used instead. - Issue #10333: Remove ancient GC API, which has been deprecated since Python 2.2. Build ----- - Issue #10843: Update third-party library versions used in OS X 32-bit installer builds: bzip2 1.0.6, readline 6.1.2, SQLite 3.7.4 (with FTS3/FTS4 and RTREE enabled), and ncursesw 5.5 (wide-char support enabled). - Issue #10820: Fix OS X framework installs to support version-specific scripts (#10679). - Issue #7716: Under Solaris, don't assume existence of /usr/xpg4/bin/grep in the configure script but use $GREP instead. Patch by Fabian Groffen. - Issue #10475: Don't hardcode compilers for LDSHARED/LDCXXSHARED on NetBSD and DragonFly BSD. Patch by Nicolas Joly. - Issue #10679: The "idle", "pydoc" and "2to3" scripts are now installed with a version-specific suffix on "make altinstall". - Issue #10655: Fix the build on PowerPC on Linux with GCC when building with timestamp profiling (--with-tsc): the preprocessor test for the PowerPC support now looks for "__powerpc__" as well as "__ppc__": the latter seems to only be present on OS X; the former is the correct one for Linux with GCC. - Issue #1099: Fix the build on MacOSX when building a framework with pydebug using GCC 4.0. Tools/Demos ----------- - Issue #10843: Install the Tools directory on OS X in the applications Extras (/Applications/Python 3.n/Extras/) where the Demo directory had previous been installed. - Issue #7962: The Demo directory is gone. Most of the old and unmaintained demos have been removed, others integrated in documentation or a new Tools/demo subdirectory. - Issue #10502: Addition of the unittestgui tool. Originally by Steve Purcell. Updated for test discovery by Mark Roddy and Python 3 compatibility by Brian Curtin. Tests ----- - Fix test_startfile to wait for child process to terminate before finishing. - Issue #10822: Fix test_posix:test_getgroups failure under Solaris. Patch by Ross Lagerwall. - Make the --coverage flag work for test.regrtest. - Issue #1677694: Refactor and improve test_timeout. Original patch by Björn Lindqvist. - Issue #5485: Add tests for the UseForeignDTD method of expat parser objects. Patch by Jean-Paul Calderone and Sandro Tosi. - Issue #6293: Have regrtest.py echo back sys.flags. This is done by default in whole runs and enabled selectively using ``--header`` when running an explicit list of tests. Original patch by Collin Winter. What's New in Python 3.2 Beta 2? ================================ *Release date: 19-Dec-2010* Core and Builtins ----------------- - Issue #8844: Regular and recursive lock acquisitions can now be interrupted by signals on platforms using pthreads. Patch by Reid Kleckner. - Issue #4236: PyModule_Create2 now checks the import machinery directly rather than the Py_IsInitialized flag, avoiding a Fatal Python error in certain circumstances when an import is done in __del__. - Issue #5587: add a repr to dict_proxy objects. Patch by David Stanek and Daniel Urban. Library ------- - Issue #3243: Support iterable bodies in httplib. Patch Contributions by Xuanji Li and Chris AtLee. - Issue #10611: SystemExit exception will no longer kill a unittest run. - Issue #9857: It is now possible to skip a test in a setUp, tearDown or clean up function. - Issue #10573: use actual/expected consistently in unittest methods. The order of the args of assertCountEqual is also changed. - Issue #9286: email.utils.parseaddr no longer concatenates blank-separated words in the local part of email addresses, thereby preserving the input. - Issue #6791: Limit header line length (to 65535 bytes) in http.client and http.server, to avoid denial of services from the other party. - Issue #10404: Use ctl-button-1 on OSX for the context menu in Idle. - Issue #9907: Fix tab handling on OSX when using editline by calling rl_initialize first, then setting our custom defaults, then reading .editrc. - Issue #4188: Avoid creating dummy thread objects when logging operations from the threading module (with the internal verbose flag activated). - Issue #10711: Remove HTTP 0.9 support from http.client. The ``strict`` parameter to HTTPConnection and friends is deprecated. - Issue #9721: Fix the behavior of urljoin when the relative url starts with a ';' character. Patch by Wes Chow. - Issue #10714: Limit length of incoming request in http.server to 65536 bytes for security reasons. Initial patch by Ross Lagerwall. - Issue #9558: Fix distutils.command.build_ext with VS 8.0. - Issue #10667: Fast path for collections.Counter(). - Issue #10695: passing the port as a string value to telnetlib no longer causes debug mode to fail. - Issue #1078919: add_header now automatically RFC2231 encodes parameters that contain non-ascii values. - Issue #10188 (partial resolution): tempfile.TemporaryDirectory emits a warning on sys.stderr rather than throwing a misleading exception if cleanup fails due to nulling out of modules during shutdown. Also avoids an AttributeError when mkdtemp call fails and issues a ResourceWarning on implicit cleanup via __del__. - Issue #10107: Warn about unsaved files in IDLE on OSX. - Issue #7213: subprocess.Popen's default for close_fds has been changed. It is now True in most cases other than on Windows when input, output or error handles are provided. - Issue #6559: subprocess.Popen has a new pass_fds parameter (actually added in 3.2beta1) to allow specifying a specific list of file descriptors to keep open in the child process. - Issue #1731717: Fixed the problem where subprocess.wait() could cause an OSError exception when The OS had been told to ignore SIGCLD in our process or otherwise not wait for exiting child processes. Tests ----- - Issue #775964: test_grp now skips YP/NIS entries instead of failing when encountering them. Tools/Demos ----------- - Issue #6075: IDLE on Mac OS X now works with both Carbon AquaTk and Cocoa AquaTk. - Issue #10710: ``Misc/setuid-prog.c`` is removed from the source tree. - Issue #10706: Remove outdated script runtests.sh. Either ``make test`` or ``python -m test`` should be used instead. Build ----- - The Windows build now uses Tcl/Tk 8.5.9 and sqlite3 3.7.4. - Issue #9234: argparse supports alias names for subparsers. What's New in Python 3.2 Beta 1? ================================ *Release date: 05-Dec-2010* Core and Builtins ----------------- - Issue #10630: Return dict views from the dict proxy keys()/values()/items() methods. - Issue #10596: Fix float.__mod__ to have the same behaviour as float.__divmod__ with respect to signed zeros. -4.0 % 4.0 should be 0.0, not -0.0. - Issue #1772833: Add the -q command-line option to suppress copyright and version output in interactive mode. - Provide an *optimize* parameter in the built-in compile() function. - Fixed several corner case issues on Windows in os.stat/os.lstat related to reparse points. - PEP 384 (Defining a Stable ABI) is implemented. - Issue #2690: Range objects support negative indices and slicing. - Issue #9915: Speed up sorting with a key. - Issue #8685: Speed up set difference ``a - b`` when source set ``a`` is much larger than operand ``b``. Patch by Andrew Bennetts. - Issue #10518: Bring back the callable() builtin. - Issue #7094: Added alternate formatting (specified by '#') to ``__format__`` method of float, complex, and Decimal. This allows more precise control over when decimal points are displayed. - Issue #10474: range.count() should return integers. - Issue #1574217: isinstance now catches only AttributeError, rather than masking all errors. Library ------- - logging: added "handler of last resort". See http://bit.ly/last-resort-handler - test.support: Added TestHandler and Matcher classes for better support of assertions about logging. - Issue #4391: Use proper plural forms in argparse. - Issue #10601: sys.displayhook uses 'backslashreplace' error handler on UnicodeEncodeError. - Add the "display" and "undisplay" pdb commands. - Issue #7245: Add a SIGINT handler in pdb that allows to break a program again after a "continue" command. - Add the "interact" pdb command. - Issue #7905: Actually respect the keyencoding parameter to shelve.Shelf. - Issue #1569291: Speed up array.repeat(). - Provide an interface to set the optimization level of compilation in py_compile, compileall and zipfile.PyZipFile. - Issue #7904: Changes to urllib.parse.urlsplit to handle schemes as defined by RFC3986. Anything before :// is considered a scheme and is followed by an authority (or netloc) and by '/' led path, which is optional. - Issue #6045: dbm.gnu databases now support get() and setdefault() methods. - Issue #10620: `python -m unittest` can accept file paths instead of module names for running specific tests. - Issue #9424: Deprecate the `unittest.TestCase` methods `assertEquals`, `assertNotEquals`, `assertAlmostEquals`, `assertNotAlmostEquals` and `assert_` and replace them with the correct methods in the Python test suite. - Issue #10272: The ssl module now raises socket.timeout instead of a generic SSLError on socket timeouts. - Issue #10528: Allow translators to reorder placeholders in localizable messages from argparse. - Issue #10497: Fix incorrect use of gettext in argparse. - Issue #10478: Reentrant calls inside buffered IO objects (for example by way of a signal handler) now raise a RuntimeError instead of freezing the current process. - logging: Added getLogRecordFactory/setLogRecordFactory with docs and tests. - Issue #10549: Fix pydoc traceback when text-documenting certain classes. - Issue #2001: New HTML server with enhanced Web page features. Patch by Ron Adam. - Issue #10360: In WeakSet, do not raise TypeErrors when testing for membership of non-weakrefable objects. - Issue #940286: pydoc.Helper.help() ignores input/output init parameters. - Issue #1745035: Add a command size and data size limit to smtpd.py, to prevent DoS attacks. Patch by Savio Sena. - Issue #4925: Add filename to error message when executable can't be found in subprocess. - Issue #10391: Don't dereference invalid memory in error messages in the ast module. - Issue #10027: st_nlink was not being set on Windows calls to os.stat or os.lstat. Patch by Hirokazu Yamamoto. - Issue #9333: Expose os.symlink only when the SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege is held by the user's account, i.e., when the function can actually be used. - Issue #8879: Add os.link support for Windows. - Issue #7911: ``unittest.TestCase.longMessage`` defaults to True for improved failure messages by default. Patch by Mark Roddy. - Issue #1486713: HTMLParser now has an optional tolerant mode where it tries to guess at the correct parsing of invalid html. - Issue #10554: Add context manager support to subprocess.Popen objects. - Issue #8989: email.utils.make_msgid now has a domain parameter that can override the domain name used in the generated msgid. - Issue #9299: Add exist_ok parameter to os.makedirs to suppress the 'File exists' exception when a target directory already exists with the specified mode. Patch by Ray Allen. - Issue #9573: os.fork() now works correctly when triggered as a side effect of a module import. - Issue #10464: netrc now correctly handles lines with embedded '#' characters. - Added itertools.accumulate(). - Issue #4113: Added custom ``__repr__`` method to ``functools.partial``. Original patch by Daniel Urban. - Issue #10273: Rename `assertRegexpMatches` and `assertRaisesRegexp` to `assertRegex` and `assertRaisesRegex`. - Issue #10535: Enable silenced warnings in unittest by default. - Issue #9873: The URL parsing functions in urllib.parse now accept ASCII byte sequences as input in addition to character strings. - Issue #10586: The statistics API for the new functools.lru_cache has been changed to a single cache_info() method returning a named tuple. - Issue #10323: itertools.islice() now consumes the minimum number of inputs before stopping. Formerly, the final state of the underlying iterator was undefined. - Issue #10565: The collections.Iterator ABC now checks for both __iter__ and __next__. - Issue #10242: Fixed implementation of unittest.ItemsEqual and gave it a new more informative name, unittest.CountEqual. - Issue #10561: In pdb, clear the breakpoints by the breakpoint number. - Issue #2986: difflib.SequenceMatcher gets a new parameter, autojunk, which can be set to False to turn off the previously undocumented 'popularity' heuristic. Patch by Terry Reedy and Eli Bendersky. - Issue #10534: in difflib, expose bjunk and bpopular sets; deprecate undocumented and now redundant isbjunk and isbpopular methods. - Issue #9846: zipfile is now correctly closing underlying file objects. - Issue #10459: Update CJK character names to Unicode 6.0. - Issue #4493: urllib.request adds '/' in front of path components which does not start with '/. Common behavior exhibited by browsers and other clients. - Issue #6378: idle.bat now runs with the appropriate Python version rather than the system default. Patch by Sridhar Ratnakumar. - Issue #10470: 'python -m unittest' will now run test discovery by default, when no extra arguments have been provided. - Issue #3709: BaseHTTPRequestHandler will buffer the headers and write to output stream only when end_headers is invoked. This is a speedup and an internal optimization. Patch by endian. - Issue #10220: Added inspect.getgeneratorstate. Initial patch by Rodolpho Eckhardt. - Issue #10453: compileall now uses argparse instead of getopt, and thus provides clean output when called with '-h'. - Issue #8078: Add constants for higher baud rates in the termios module. Patch by Rodolpho Eckhardt. - Issue #10407: Fix two NameErrors in distutils. - Issue #10371: Deprecated undocumented functions in the trace module. - Issue #10467: Fix BytesIO.readinto() after seeking into a position after the end of the file. - configparser: 100% test coverage. - Issue #10499: configparser supports pluggable interpolation handlers. The default classic interpolation handler is called BasicInterpolation. Another interpolation handler added (ExtendedInterpolation) which supports the syntax used by zc.buildout (e.g. interpolation between sections). - configparser: the SafeConfigParser class has been renamed to ConfigParser. The legacy ConfigParser class has been removed but its interpolation mechanism is still available as LegacyInterpolation. - configparser: Usage of RawConfigParser is now discouraged for new projects in favor of ConfigParser(interpolation=None). - Issue #1682942: configparser supports alternative option/value delimiters. - Issue #5412: configparser supports mapping protocol access. - Issue #9411: configparser supports specifying encoding for read operations. - Issue #9421: configparser's getint(), getfloat() and getboolean() methods accept vars and default arguments just like get() does. - Issue #9452: configparser supports reading from strings and dictionaries (thanks to the mapping protocol API, the latter can be used to copy data between parsers). - configparser: accepted INI file structure is now customizable, including comment prefixes, name of the DEFAULT section, empty lines in multiline values, and indentation. - Issue #10326: unittest.TestCase instances can be pickled. - Issue #9926: Wrapped TestSuite subclass does not get __call__ executed. - Issue #9920: Skip tests for cmath.atan and cmath.atanh applied to complex zeros on systems where the log1p function fails to respect the sign of zero. This fixes a test failure on AIX. - Issue #9732: Addition of getattr_static to the inspect module. - Issue #10446: Module documentation generated by pydoc now links to a version-specific online reference manual. - Make the 'No module named' exception message from importlib consistent. - Issue #10443: Add the SSLContext.set_default_verify_paths() method. - Issue #10440: Support RUSAGE_THREAD as a constant in the resource module. Patch by Robert Collins. - Issue #10429: IMAP.starttls() stored the capabilities as bytes objects, rather than strings. C-API ----- - Issue #10557: Added a new API function, PyUnicode_TransformDecimalToASCII(), which transforms non-ASCII decimal digits in a Unicode string to their ASCII equivalents. - Issue #9518: Extend the PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT macro to explicitly zero-initialize all fields, fixing compiler warnings seen when building extension modules with gcc with "-Wmissing-field-initializers" (implied by "-W"). - Issue #10255: Fix reference leak in Py_InitializeEx(). Patch by Neil Schemenauer. - structseq.h is now included in Python.h. - Loosen PyArg_ValidateKeywordArguments to allow dict subclasses. Tests ----- - regrtest.py once again ensures the test directory is removed from sys.path when it is invoked directly as the __main__ module. - `python -m test` can be used to run the test suite as well as `python -m test.regrtest`. - Do not fail test_socket when the IP address of the local hostname cannot be looked up. - Issue #8886: Use context managers throughout test_zipfile. Patch by Eric Carstensen. Build ----- - Issue #10325: Fix two issues in the fallback definitions for PY_ULLONG_MAX and PY_LLONG_MAX that made them unsuitable for use in preprocessor conditionals. Documentation ------------- - Issue #10299: List the built-in functions in a table in functions.rst. What's New in Python 3.2 Alpha 4? ================================= *Release date: 13-Nov-2010* Core and Builtins ----------------- - Issue #10372: Import the warnings module only after the IO library is initialized, so as to avoid bootstrap issues with the '-W' option. - Issue #10293: Remove obsolete field in the PyMemoryView structure, unused undocumented value PyBUF_SHADOW, and strangely-looking code in PyMemoryView_GetContiguous. - Issue #6081: Add str.format_map(), similar to ``str.format(**mapping)``. - If FileIO.__init__ fails, close the file descriptor. - Issue #10221: dict.pop(k) now has a key error message that includes the missing key (same message d[k] returns for missing keys). - Issue #5437: A preallocated MemoryError instance should not keep traceback data (including local variables caught in the stack trace) alive infinitely. - Issue #10186: Fix the SyntaxError caret when the offset is equal to the length of the offending line. - Issue #10089: Add support for arbitrary -X options on the command line. They can be retrieved through a new attribute ``sys._xoptions``. - Issue #4388: On Mac OS X, decode command line arguments from UTF-8, instead of the locale encoding. If the LANG (and LC_ALL and LC_CTYPE) environment variable is not set, the locale encoding is ISO-8859-1, whereas most programs (including Python) expect UTF-8. Python already uses UTF-8 for the filesystem encoding and to encode command line arguments on this OS. - Issue #9713, #10114: Parser functions (e.g. PyParser_ASTFromFile) expect filenames encoded to the filesystem encoding with the surrogateescape error handler (to support undecodable bytes), instead of UTF-8 in strict mode. - Issue #9997: Don't let the name "top" have special significance in scope resolution. - Issue #9862: Compensate for broken PIPE_BUF in AIX by hard coding its value as the default 512 when compiling on AIX. - Use locale encoding instead of UTF-8 to encode and decode filenames if Py_FileSystemDefaultEncoding is not set. - Issue #10095: fp_setreadl() doesn't reopen the file, instead reuse the file descriptor. - Issue #9418: Moved private string methods ``_formatter_parser`` and ``_formatter_field_name_split`` into a new ``_string`` module. - Issue #9992: Remove PYTHONFSENCODING environment variable. Library ------- - Issue #10465: fix broken delegating of attributes by gzip._PaddedFile. - Issue #10356: Decimal.__hash__(-1) should return -2. - Issue #1553375: logging: Added stack_info kwarg to display stack information. - Issue #5111: IPv6 Host in the Header is wrapped inside [ ]. Patch by Chandru. - Fix Fraction.__hash__ so that Fraction.__hash__(-1) is -2. (See also issue #10356.) - Issue #4471: Add the IMAP.starttls() method to enable encryption on standard IMAP4 connections. Original patch by Lorenzo M. Catucci. - Issue #1466065: Add 'validate' option to base64.b64decode to raise an error if there are non-base64 alphabet characters in the input. - Issue #10386: Add __all__ to token module; this simplifies importing in tokenize module and prevents leaking of private names through ``import *``. - Issue #4471: Properly shutdown socket in IMAP.shutdown(). Patch by Lorenzo M. Catucci. - Fix IMAP.login() to work properly. - Issue #9244: multiprocessing pool worker processes could terminate unexpectedly if the return value of a task could not be pickled. Only the ``repr`` of such errors are now sent back, wrapped in an ``MaybeEncodingError`` exception. - Issue #9244: The ``apply_async()`` and ``map_async()`` methods of ``multiprocessing.Pool`` now accepts a ``error_callback`` argument. This can be a callback with the signature ``callback(exc)``, which will be called if the target raises an exception. - Issue #10022: The dictionary returned by the ``getpeercert()`` method of SSL sockets now has additional items such as ``issuer`` and ``notBefore``. - ``usenetrc`` is now false by default for NNTP objects. - Issue #1926: Add support for NNTP over SSL on port 563, as well as STARTTLS. Patch by Andrew Vant. - Issue #10335: Add tokenize.open(), detect the file encoding using tokenize.detect_encoding() and open it in read only mode. - Issue #10321: Add support for binary data to smtplib.SMTP.sendmail, and a new method send_message to send an email.message.Message object. - Issue #6011: sysconfig and distutils.sysconfig use the surrogateescape error handler to parse the Makefile file. Avoid a UnicodeDecodeError if the source code directory name contains a non-ASCII character and the locale encoding is ASCII. - Issue #10329: The trace module writes reports using the input Python script encoding, instead of the locale encoding. Patch written by Alexander Belopolsky. - Issue #10126: Fix distutils' test_build when Python was built with --enable-shared. - Issue #9281: Prevent race condition with mkdir in distutils. Patch by Arfrever. - Issue #10229: Fix caching error in gettext. - Issue #10252: Close file objects in a timely manner in distutils code and tests. Patch by Brian Brazil, completed by Éric Araujo. - Issue #10180: Pickling file objects is now explicitly forbidden, since unpickling them produced nonsensical results. - Issue #10311: The signal module now restores errno before returning from its low-level signal handler. Patch by Hallvard B Furuseth. - Issue #10282: Add a ``nntp_implementation`` attribute to NNTP objects. - Issue #10283: Add a ``group_pattern`` argument to NNTP.list(). - Issue #10155: Add IISCGIHandler to wsgiref.handlers to support IIS CGI environment better, and to correct unicode environment values for WSGI 1.0.1. - Issue #10281: nntplib now returns None for absent fields in the OVER/XOVER response, instead of raising an exception. - wsgiref now implements and validates PEP 3333, rather than an experimental extension of PEP 333. (Note: earlier versions of Python 3.x may have incorrectly validated some non-compliant applications as WSGI compliant; if your app validates with Python <3.2b1+, but not on this version, it is likely the case that your app was not compliant.) - Issue #10280: NNTP.nntp_version should reflect the highest version advertised by the server. - Issue #10184: Touch directories only once when extracting a tarfile. - Issue #10199: New package, ``turtledemo`` now contains selected demo scripts that were formerly found under Demo/turtle. - Issue #10265: Close file objects explicitly in sunau. Patch by Brian Brazil. - Issue #10266: uu.decode didn't close in_file explicitly when it was given as a filename. Patch by Brian Brazil. - Issue #10110: Queue objects didn't recognize full queues when the maxsize parameter had been reduced. - Issue #10160: Speed up operator.attrgetter. Patch by Christos Georgiou. - logging: Added style option to basicConfig() to allow %, {} or $-formatting. - Issue #5729: json.dumps() now supports using a string such as '\t' for pretty-printing multilevel objects. - Issue #10253: FileIO leaks a file descriptor when trying to open a file for append that isn't seekable. Patch by Brian Brazil. - Support context manager protocol for file-like objects returned by mailbox ``get_file()`` methods. - Issue #10246: uu.encode didn't close file objects explicitly when filenames were given to it. Patch by Brian Brazil. - Issue #10198: fix duplicate header written to wave files when writeframes() is called without data. - Close file objects in modulefinder in a timely manner. - Close a io.TextIOWrapper object in email.parser in a timely manner. - Close a file object in distutils.sysconfig in a timely manner. - Close a file object in pkgutil in a timely manner. - Issue #10233: Close file objects in a timely manner in the tarfile module and its test suite. - Issue #10093: ResourceWarnings are now issued when files and sockets are deallocated without explicit closing. These warnings are silenced by default, except in pydebug mode. - tarfile.py: Add support for all missing variants of the GNU sparse extensions and create files with holes when extracting sparse members. - Issue #10218: Return timeout status from ``Condition.wait`` in threading. - Issue #7351: Add ``zipfile.BadZipFile`` spelling of the exception name and deprecate the old name ``zipfile.BadZipfile``. - Issue #5027: The standard ``xml`` namespace is now understood by xml.sax.saxutils.XMLGenerator as being bound to http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace. Patch by Troy J. Farrell. - Issue #5975: Add csv.unix_dialect class. - Issue #7761: telnetlib.interact failures on Windows fixed. - logging: Added style option to Formatter to allow %, {} or $-formatting. - Issue #5178: Added tempfile.TemporaryDirectory class that can be used as a context manager. - Issue #1349106: Generator (and BytesGenerator) flatten method and Header encode method now support a 'linesep' argument. - Issue #5639: Add a *server_hostname* argument to ``SSLContext.wrap_socket`` in order to support the TLS SNI extension. ``HTTPSConnection`` and ``urlopen()`` also use this argument, so that HTTPS virtual hosts are now supported. - Issue #10166: Avoid recursion in pstats Stats.add() for many stats items. - Issue #10163: Skip unreadable registry keys during mimetypes initialization. - logging: Made StreamHandler terminator configurable. - logging: Allowed filters to be just callables. - logging: Added tests for _logRecordClass changes. - Issue #10092: Properly reset locale in calendar.Locale*Calendar classes. - logging: Added _logRecordClass, getLogRecordClass, setLogRecordClass to increase flexibility of LogRecord creation. - Issue #5117: Case normalization was needed on ntpath.relpath(). Also fixed root directory issue on posixpath.relpath(). (Ported working fixes from ntpath.) - Issue #1343: xml.sax.saxutils.XMLGenerator now has an option short_empty_elements to direct it to use self-closing tags when appropriate. - Issue #9807 (part 1): Expose the ABI flags in sys.abiflags. Add --abiflags switch to python-config for command line access. - Issue #6098: Don't claim DOM level 3 conformance in minidom. - Issue #5762: Fix AttributeError raised by ``xml.dom.minidom`` when an empty XML namespace attribute is encountered. - Issue #2830: Add the ``html.escape()`` function, which quotes all problematic characters by default. Deprecate ``cgi.escape()``. - Issue #9409: Fix the regex to match all kind of filenames, for interactive debugging in doctests. - Issue #9183: ``datetime.timezone(datetime.timedelta(0))`` will now return the same instance as ``datetime.timezone.utc``. - Issue #7523: Add SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK to the socket module, where supported by the system. Patch by Nikita Vetoshkin. - Issue #10063: file:// scheme will stop accessing remote hosts via ftp protocol. file:// urls had fallback to access remote hosts via ftp. This was not correct, change is made to raise a URLError when a remote host is tried to access via file:// scheme. - Issue #1710703: Write structures for an empty ZIP archive when a ZipFile is created in modes 'a' or 'w' and then closed without adding any files. Raise BadZipfile (rather than IOError) when opening small non-ZIP files. - Issue #10041: The signature of optional arguments in socket.makefile() didn't match that of io.open(), and they also didn't get forwarded properly to TextIOWrapper in text mode. Patch by Kai Zhu. - Issue #9003: http.client.HTTPSConnection, urllib.request.HTTPSHandler and urllib.request.urlopen now take optional arguments to allow for server certificate checking, as recommended in public uses of HTTPS. - Issue #6612: Fix site and sysconfig to catch os.getcwd() error, eg. if the current directory was deleted. Patch written by W. Trevor King. - Issue #3873: Speed up unpickling from file objects that have a peek() method. - Issue #10075: Add a session_stats() method to SSLContext objects. - Issue #9948: Fixed problem of losing filename case information. Extension Modules ----------------- - Issue #5109: array.array constructor will now use fast code when initial data is provided in an array object with correct type. - Issue #6317: Now winsound.PlaySound only accepts unicode. - Issue #6317: Now winsound.PlaySound can accept non ascii filename. - Issue #9377: Use Unicode API for gethostname on Windows. - Issue #10143: Update "os.pathconf" values. - Issue #6518: Support context manager protcol for ossaudiodev types. - Issue #678250: Make mmap flush a noop on ACCESS_READ and ACCESS_COPY. - Issue #9054: Fix a crash occurring when using the pyexpat module with expat version 2.0.1. - Issue #5355: Provide mappings from Expat error numbers to string descriptions and backwards, in order to actually make it possible to analyze error codes provided by ExpatError. - The Unicode database was updated to 6.0.0. C-API ----- - Issue #10288: The deprecated family of "char"-handling macros (ISLOWER()/ISUPPER()/etc) have now been removed: use Py_ISLOWER() etc instead. - Issue #9778: Hash values are now always the size of pointers. A new Py_hash_t type has been introduced. Tools/Demos ----------- - Issue #10117: Tools/scripts/reindent.py now accepts source files that use encoding other than ASCII or UTF-8. Source encoding is preserved when reindented code is written to a file. - Issue #7287: Demo/imputil/knee.py was removed. Tests ----- - Issue #3699: Fix test_bigaddrspace and extend it to test bytestrings as well as unicode strings. Initial patch by Sandro Tosi. - Issue #10294: Remove dead code form test_unicode_file. - Issue #10123: Don't use non-ascii filenames in test_doctest tests. Add a new test specific to unicode (non-ascii name and filename). Build ----- - Issue #10268: Add a --enable-loadable-sqlite-extensions option to configure. - Issue #8852: Allow the socket module to build on OpenSolaris. - Drop -OPT:Olimit compiler option. - Issue #10094: Use versioned .so files on GNU/kfreeBSD and the GNU Hurd. - Accept Oracle Berkeley DB 5.0 and 5.1 as backend for the dbm extension. - Issue #7473: avoid link errors when building a framework with a different set of architectures than the one that is currently installed. What's New in Python 3.2 Alpha 3? ================================= *Release date: 09-Oct-2010* Core and Builtins ----------------- - Issue #10068: Global objects which have reference cycles with their module's dict are now cleared again. This causes issue #7140 to appear again. - Issue #9738: Document PyErr_SetString() and PyErr_SetFromErrnoWithFilename() encodings. - ast.literal_eval() can now handle negative numbers. It is also a little more liberal in what it accepts without compromising the safety of the evaluation. For example, 3j+4 and 3+4+5 are both accepted. - Issue #10006: type.__abstractmethods__ now raises an AttributeError. As a result metaclasses can now be ABCs (see #9533). - Issue #8670: ctypes.c_wchar supports non-BMP characters with 32 bits wchar_t. - Issue #8670: PyUnicode_AsWideChar() and PyUnicode_AsWideCharString() replace UTF-16 surrogate pairs by single non-BMP characters for 16 bits Py_UNICODE and 32 bits wchar_t (eg. Linux in narrow build). - Issue #10003: Allow handling of SIGBREAK on Windows. Fixes a regression introduced by issue #9324. - Issue #9979: Create function PyUnicode_AsWideCharString(). - Issue #7397: Mention that importlib.import_module() is probably what someone really wants to be using in __import__'s docstring. - Issue #8521: Allow CreateKeyEx, OpenKeyEx, and DeleteKeyEx functions of winreg to use named arguments. - Issue #9930: Remove bogus subtype check that was causing (e.g.) float.__rdiv__(2.0, 3) to return NotImplemented instead of the expected 1.5. - Issue #9808: Implement os.getlogin for Windows. Patch by Jon Anglin. - Issue #9901: Destroying the GIL in Py_Finalize() can fail if some other threads are still running. Instead, reinitialize the GIL on a second call to Py_Initialize(). - All SyntaxErrors now have a column offset and therefore a caret when the error is printed. - Issue #9252: PyImport_Import no longer uses a fromlist hack to return the module that was imported, but instead gets the module from sys.modules. - Issue #9213: The range type_items now provides index() and count() methods, to conform to the Sequence ABC. Patch by Daniel Urban and Daniel Stutzbach. - Issue #7994: Issue a PendingDeprecationWarning if object.__format__ is called with a non-empty format string. This is an effort to future-proof user code. If a derived class does not currently implement __format__ but later adds its own __format__, it would most likely break user code that had supplied a format string. This will be changed to a DeprecationWaring in Python 3.3 and it will be an error in Python 3.4. - Issue #9828: Destroy the GIL in Py_Finalize(), so that it gets properly re-created on a subsequent call to Py_Initialize(). The problem (a crash) wouldn't appear in 3.1 or 2.7 where the GIL's structure is more trivial. - Issue #9210: Configure option --with-wctype-functions was removed. Using the functions from the libc caused the methods .upper() and lower() to become locale aware and created subtly wrong results. - Issue #9738: PyUnicode_FromFormat() and PyErr_Format() raise an error on a non-ASCII byte in the format string. - Issue #4617: Previously it was illegal to delete a name from the local namespace if it occurs as a free variable in a nested block. This limitation of the compiler has been lifted, and a new opcode introduced (DELETE_DEREF). - Issue #9804: ascii() now always represents unicode surrogate pairs as a single ``\UXXXXXXXX``, regardless of whether the character is printable or not. Also, the "backslashreplace" error handler now joins surrogate pairs into a single character on UCS-2 builds. - Issue #9757: memoryview objects get a release() method to release the underlying buffer (previously this was only done when deallocating the memoryview), and gain support for the context management protocol. - Issue #9797: pystate.c wrongly assumed that zero couldn't be a valid thread-local storage key. Library ------- - Issue #2236: distutils' mkpath ignored the mode parameter. - Fix typo in one sdist option (medata-check). - Issue #9199: Fix incorrect use of distutils.cmd.Command.announce. - Issue #1718574: Fix options that were supposed to accept arguments but did not in build_clib. - Issue #9437: Fix building C extensions with non-default LDFLAGS. - Issue #4661: email can now parse bytes input and generate either converted 7bit output or bytes output. Email version bumped to 5.1.0. - Issue #1589: Add ssl.match_hostname(), to help implement server identity verification for higher-level protocols. - Issue #9759: GzipFile now raises ValueError when an operation is attempted after the file is closed. Patch by Jeffrey Finkelstein. - Issue #9042: Fix interaction of custom translation classes and caching in gettext. - Issue #6706: asyncore.dispatcher now provides a handle_accepted() method returning a (sock, addr) pair which is called when a connection has been established with a new remote endpoint. This is supposed to be used as a replacement for old handle_accept() and avoids the user to call accept() directly. - Issue #9065: tarfile no longer uses "root" as the default for the uname and gname field. - Issue #8980: Fixed a failure in distutils.command check that was shadowed by an environment that does not have docutils. Patch by Arfrever. - Issue #1050268: parseaddr now correctly quotes double quote and backslash characters that appear inside quoted strings in email addresses. - Issue #10004: quoprimime no longer generates a traceback when confronted with invalid characters after '=' in a Q-encoded word. - Issue #1491: BaseHTTPServer nows send a ``100 Continue`` response before sending a 200 OK for the Expect: 100-continue request header. - Issue #9360: Cleanup and improvements to the nntplib module. The API now conforms to the philosophy of bytes and unicode separation in Python 3. A test suite has also been added. - Issue #9962: GzipFile now has the peek() method. - Issue #9090: When a socket with a timeout fails with EWOULDBLOCK or EAGAIN, retry the select() loop instead of bailing out. This is because select() can incorrectly report a socket as ready for reading (for example, if it received some data with an invalid checksum). - Issue #3612: Added new types to ctypes.wintypes. (CHAR and pointers) - Issue #9950: Fix socket.sendall() crash or misbehaviour when a signal is received. Now sendall() properly calls signal handlers if necessary, and retries sending if these returned successfully, including on sockets with a timeout. - Issue #9947: logging: Fixed locking bug in stopListening. - Issue #9945: logging: Fixed locking bugs in addHandler/removeHandler. - Issue #9936: Fixed executable lines' search in the trace module. - Issue #9790: Rework imports necessary for samefile and sameopenfile in ntpath. - Issue #9928: Properly initialize the types exported by the bz2 module. - Issue #1675951: Allow GzipFile to work with unseekable file objects. Patch by Florian Festi. - Logging: Added QueueListener class to facilitate logging usage for performance-critical threads. - Issue #9916: Add some missing errno symbols. - Issue #9877: Expose sysconfig.get_makefile_filename() - logging: Added hasHandlers() method to Logger and LoggerAdapter. - Issue #9908: Fix os.stat() on bytes paths under Windows 7. - Issue #2643: msync() is not called anymore when deallocating an open mmap object, only munmap(). - logging: Changed LoggerAdapter implementation internally, to make it easier to subclass in a useful way. - logging: hasHandlers method was added to Logger, and isEnabledFor, getEffectiveLevel, hasHandlers and setLevel were added to LoggerAdapter. LoggerAdapter was introduced into the unit tests for logging. - Issue #1686: Fix string.Template when overriding the pattern attribute. - Issue #9854: SocketIO objects now observe the RawIOBase interface in non-blocking mode: they return None when an operation would block (instead of raising an exception). - Issue #1730136: Fix the comparison between a tk.font.Font and an object of another kind. - Issue #9441: logging has better coverage for rotating file handlers. - Issue #9865: collections.OrderedDict now has a __sizeof__ method. - Issue #9854: The default read() implementation in io.RawIOBase now handles non-blocking readinto() returning None correctly. - Issue #1552: socket.socketpair() now returns regular socket.socket objects supporting the whole socket API (rather than the "raw" _socket.socket objects). - Issue #9853: Fix the signature of SSLSocket.recvfrom() and SSLSocket.sendto() to match the corresponding socket methods. - Issue #9840: Added a decorator to reprlib for wrapping __repr__ methods to make them handle recursive calls within the same thread. - logging: Enhanced HTTPHandler with secure and credentials initializers. - Issue #767645: Set os.path.supports_unicode_filenames to True on Mac OS X. - Issue #9837: The read() method of ZipExtFile objects (as returned by ZipFile.open()) could return more bytes than requested. - Issue #9826: OrderedDict.__repr__ can now handle self-referential values: d['x'] = d. - Issue #9825: Using __del__ in the definition of collections.OrderedDict made it possible for the user to create self-referencing ordered dictionaries which become permanently uncollectable GC garbage. Reinstated the Python 3.1 approach of using weakref proxies so that reference cycles never get created in the first place. - Issue #9579, #9580: Fix os.confstr() for value longer than 255 bytes and encode the value with filesystem encoding and surrogateescape (instead of utf-8 in strict mode) . Patch written by David Watson. - Issue #9632: Remove sys.setfilesystemencoding() function: use PYTHONFSENCODING environment variable to set the filesystem encoding at Python startup. sys.setfilesystemencoding() creates inconsistencies because it is unable to reencode all filenames in all objects. - Issue #9410: Various optimizations to the pickle module, leading to speedups up to 4x (depending on the benchmark). Mostly ported from Unladen Swallow; initial patch by Alexandre Vassalotti. - The pprint module now supports printing OrderedDicts in their given order (formerly, it would sort the keys). - Logging: Added QueueHandler class to facilitate logging usage with multiprocessing. - Issue #9707: Rewritten reference implementation of threading.local which is friendlier towards reference cycles. This change is not normally visible since an optimized C implementation (_thread._local) is used instead. - Issue #6394: os.getppid() is now supported on Windows. Note that it will still return the id of the parent process after it has exited. This process id may even have been reused by another unrelated process. - Issue #9792: In case of connection failure, socket.create_connection() would swallow the exception and raise a new one, making it impossible to fetch the original errno, or to filter timeout errors. Now the original error is re-raised. - Issue #9758: When fcntl.ioctl() was called with mutable_flag set to True, and the passed buffer was exactly 1024 bytes long, the buffer wouldn't be updated back after the system call. Original patch by Brian Brazil. - Updates to the random module: * Document which parts of the module are guaranteed to stay the same across versions and which parts are subject to change. * Update the seed() method to use all of the bits in a string instead of just the hash value. This makes better use of the seed value and assures the seeding is platform independent. Issue #7889. * Improved the random()-->integer algorithm used in choice(), shuffle(), sample(), randrange(), and randint(). Formerly, it used int(n*random()) which has a slight bias whenever n is not a power of two. Issue #9025. * Improved documentation of arguments to randrange(). Issue #9379. - collections.OrderedDict now supports a new method for repositioning keys to either end. - Issue #9754: Similarly to assertRaises and assertRaisesRegexp, unittest test cases now also have assertWarns and assertWarnsRegexp methods to check that a given warning type was triggered by the code under test. - Issue #5506: BytesIO objects now have a getbuffer() method exporting a view of their contents without duplicating them. The view is both readable and writable. - Issue #7566: Implement os.path.sameopenfile for Windows. - Issue #9293: I/O streams now raise ``io.UnsupportedOperation`` when an unsupported operation is attempted (for example, writing to a file open only for reading). - hashlib has two new constant attributes: algorithms_guaranteed and algorithms_avaiable that respectively list the names of hash algorithms guaranteed to exist in all Python implementations and the names of hash algorithms available in the current process. - A new package ``concurrent.futures`` as defined by PEP 3148. C-API ----- - Add PyErr_SyntaxLocationEx, which supports passing a column offset. - Issue #9834: Don't segfault in PySequence_GetSlice, PySequence_SetSlice, or PySequence_DelSlice when the object doesn't have any mapping operations defined. Tools/Demos ----------- - Issue #9188: The gdb extension now handles correctly narrow (UCS2) as well as wide (UCS4) unicode builds for both the host interpreter (embedded inside gdb) and the interpreter under test. Tests ----- - Issue #9308: Added tests for importing encoded modules that do not depend on specific stdlib modules being encoded in a certain way. - Issue #1051: Add a script (Lib/test/make_ssl_certs.py) to generate the custom certificate and private key files used by SSL-related certs. - Issue #9978: Wait until subprocess completes initialization. (Win32KillTests in test_os) - Issue #7110: regrtest now sends test failure reports and single-failure tracebacks to stderr rather than stdout. - Issue #9628: fix runtests.sh -x option so more than one test can be excluded. - Issue #9899: Fix test_tkinter.test_font on various platforms. Patch by Ned Deily. - Issue #9894: Do not hardcode ENOENT in test_subprocess. - Issue #9315: Added tests for the trace module. Patch by Eli Bendersky. - Issue #9323: Make test.regrtest.__file__ absolute, this was not always the case when running profile or trace, for example. - Issue #9568: Fix test_urllib2_localnet on OS X 10.3. Build ----- - Issue #10062: Allow building on platforms which do not have sem_timedwait. - Issue #10054: Some platforms provide uintptr_t in inttypes.h. Patch by Akira Kitada. - Issue #10055: Make json C89-compliant in UCS4 mode. - Issue #9552: Avoid unnecessary rebuild of OpenSSL. (Windows) - Issue #1633863: Don't ignore $CC under AIX. - Issue #9810: Compile bzip2 source files in Python's project file directly. It used to be built with bzip2's makefile. - Issue #9848: Stopping trying to build _weakref in setup.py as it is a built-in module. - Issue #9806: python-config now has an ``--extension-suffix`` option that outputs the suffix for dynamic libraries including the ABI version name defined by PEP 3149. - Issue #941346: Improve the build process under AIX and allow Python to be built as a shared library. Patch by Sébastien Sablé. - Issue #4026: Make the fcntl extension build under AIX. Patch by Sébastien Sablé. - Issue #9701: The MacOSX installer can patch the shell profile to ensure that the "bin" directory inside the framework is on the shell's search path. This feature now also supports the ZSH shell. What's New in Python 3.2 Alpha 2? ================================= *Release date: 05-Sep-2010* Core and Builtins ----------------- - Issue #9225: Remove the ROT_FOUR and DUP_TOPX opcode, the latter replaced by the new (and simpler) DUP_TOP_TWO. Performance isn't changed, but our bytecode is a bit simplified. Patch by Demur Rumed. - Issue #9766: Rename poorly named variables exposed by _warnings to prevent confusion with the proper variables names from 'warnings' itself. - Issue #9212: dict_keys and dict_items now provide the isdisjoint() method, to conform to the Set ABC. Patch by Daniel Urban. - Issue #9737: Fix a crash when trying to delete a slice or an item from a memoryview object. - Issue #9549: sys.setdefaultencoding() and PyUnicode_SetDefaultEncoding() are now removed, since their effect was inexistent in 3.x (the default encoding is hardcoded to utf-8 and cannot be changed). - Issue #7415: PyUnicode_FromEncodedObject() now uses the new buffer API properly. Patch by Stefan Behnel. - Issue #5553: The Py_LOCAL_INLINE macro now results in inlining on most platforms. Previously, it inlined only when using Microsoft Visual C. - Issue #9712: Fix tokenize on identifiers that start with non-ascii names. - Issue #9688: __basicsize__ and __itemsize__ must be accessed as Py_ssize_t. - Issue #9684: Added a definition for SIZEOF_WCHAR_T to PC/pyconfig.h, to match the pyconfig.h generated by configure on other systems. - Issue #9666: Only catch AttributeError in hasattr(). All other exceptions that occur during attribute lookup are now propagated to the caller. - Issue #8622: Add PYTHONFSENCODING environment variable to override the filesystem encoding. - Issue #5127: The C functions that access the Unicode Database now accept and return characters from the full Unicode range, even on narrow unicode builds (Py_UNICODE_TOLOWER, Py_UNICODE_ISDECIMAL, and others). A visible difference in Python is that unicodedata.numeric() now returns the correct value for large code points, and repr() may consider more characters as printable. - Issue #9425: Create PyModule_GetFilenameObject() function to get the filename as a unicode object, instead of a byte string. Function needed to support unencodable filenames. Deprecate PyModule_GetFilename() in favor on the new function. - Issue #8063: Call _PyGILState_Init() earlier in Py_InitializeEx(). - Issue #9612: The set object is now 64-bit clean under Windows. - Issue #8202: sys.argv[0] is now set to '-m' instead of '-c' when searching for the module file to be executed with the -m command line option. - Issue #9599: Create PySys_FormatStdout() and PySys_FormatStderr() functions to write a message formatted by PyUnicode_FromFormatV() to sys.stdout and sys.stderr. - Issue #9542: Create PyUnicode_FSDecoder() function, a ParseTuple converter: decode bytes objects to unicode using PyUnicode_DecodeFSDefaultAndSize(); str objects are output as-is. - Issue #9203: Computed gotos are now enabled by default on supported compilers (which are detected by the configure script). They can still be disable selectively by specifying --without-computed-gotos. - Issue #9425: Create PyErr_WarnFormat() function, similar to PyErr_WarnEx() but use PyUnicode_FromFormatV() to format the warning message. - Issue #8530: Prevent stringlib fastsearch from reading beyond the front of an array. - Issue #5319: Print an error if flushing stdout fails at interpreter shutdown. - Issue #9337: The str() of a float or complex number is now identical to its repr(). - Issue #9416: Fix some issues with complex formatting where the output with no type specifier failed to match the str output: - format(complex(-0.0, 2.0), '-') omitted the real part from the output, - format(complex(0.0, 2.0), '-') included a sign and parentheses. Extension Modules ----------------- - Issue #8013: time.asctime and time.ctime no longer call system asctime and ctime functions. The year range for time.asctime is now 1900 through maxint. The range for time.ctime is the same as for time.localtime. The string produced by these functions is longer than 24 characters when year is greater than 9999. - Issue #6608: time.asctime is now checking struct tm fields its input before passing it to the system asctime. Patch by MunSic Jeong. - Issue #8734: Avoid crash in msvcrt.get_osfhandle() when an invalid file descriptor is provided. Patch by Pascal Chambon. - Issue #7736: Release the GIL around calls to opendir() and closedir() in the posix module. Patch by Marcin Bachry. - Issue #4835: make PyLong_FromSocket_t() and PyLong_AsSocket_t() private to the socket module, and fix the width of socket descriptors to be correctly detected under 64-bit Windows. - Issue #1027206: Support IDNA in gethostbyname, gethostbyname_ex, getaddrinfo and gethostbyaddr. getnameinfo is now restricted to numeric addresses as input. - Issue #9214: Set operations on a KeysView or ItemsView in collections now correctly return a set. Patch by Eli Bendersky. - Issue #5737: Add Solaris-specific mnemonics in the errno module. Patch by Matthew Ahrens. - Restore GIL in nis_cat in case of error. Decode NIS data to fs encoding, using the surrogate error handler. - Issue #665761: ``functools.reduce()`` will no longer mask exceptions other than ``TypeError`` raised by the iterator argument. - Issue #9570: Use PEP 383 decoding in os.mknod and os.mkfifo. - Issue #6915: Under Windows, os.listdir() didn't release the Global Interpreter Lock around all system calls. Original patch by Ryan Kelly. - Issue #8524: Add a detach() method to socket objects, so as to put the socket into the closed state without closing the underlying file descriptor. - Issue #477863: Emit a ResourceWarning at shutdown if gc.garbage is not empty. - Issue #6869: Fix a refcount problem in the _ctypes extension. - Issue #5504: ctypes should now work with systems where mmap can't be PROT_WRITE and PROT_EXEC. - Issue #9507: Named tuple repr will now automatically display the right name in a tuple subclass. - Issue #9324: Add parameter validation to signal.signal on Windows in order to prevent crashes. - Issue #9526: Remove some outdated (int) casts that were preventing the array module from working correctly with arrays of more than 2**31 elements. - Fix memory leak in ssl._ssl._test_decode_cert. - Issue #8065: Fix memory leak in readline module (from failure to free the result of history_get_history_state()). - Issue #9450: Fix memory leak in readline.replace_history_item and readline.remove_history_item for readline version >= 5.0. - Issue #8105: Validate file descriptor passed to mmap.mmap on Windows. - Issue #8046: Add context manager protocol support and .closed property to mmap objects. Library ------- - Issue #7451: Improve decoding performance of JSON objects, and reduce the memory consumption of said decoded objects when they use the same strings as keys. - Issue #1100562: Fix deep-copying of objects derived from the list and dict types. Patch by Michele Orrù and Björn Lindqvist. - Issue #9753: Fixed socket.dup, which did not always work correctly on Windows. - Issue #9421: Made the get methods consistently accept the vars and default arguments on all parser classes. - Issue #7005: Fixed output of None values for RawConfigParser.write and ConfigParser.write. - Issue #8990: array.fromstring() and array.tostring() get renamed to frombytes() and tobytes(), respectively, to avoid confusion. Furthermore, array.frombytes(), array.extend() as well as the array.array() constructor now accept bytearray objects. Patch by Thomas Jollans. - Issue #808164: Fixed socket.close to avoid references to globals, to avoid issues when socket.close is called from a __del__ method. - Issue #9706: ssl module provides a better error handling in various circumstances. - Issue #1868: Eliminate subtle timing issues in thread-local objects by getting rid of the cached copy of thread-local attribute dictionary. - Issue #1512791: In setframerate() in the wave module, non-integral frame rates are rounded to the nearest integer. - Issue #8797: urllib2 does a retry for Basic Authentication failure instead of falling into recursion. - Issue #1194222: email.utils.parsedate now returns RFC2822 compliant four character years even if the message contains RFC822 two character years. - Issue #8750: Fixed MutableSet's methods to correctly handle reflexive operations on its self, namely x -= x and x ^= x. - Issue #9129: smtpd.py is vulnerable to DoS attacks deriving from missing error handling when accepting a new connection. - Issue #9601: ftplib now provides a workaround for non-compliant implementations such as IIS shipped with Windows server 2003 returning invalid response codes for MKD and PWD commands. - Issue #658749: asyncore's connect() method now correctly interprets winsock errors. - Issue #9501: Fixed logging regressions in cleanup code. - Fix functools.total_ordering() to skip methods inherited from object. - Issue #9572: Importlib should not raise an exception if a directory it thought it needed to create was done concurrently by another process. - Issue #9617: Signals received during a low-level write operation aren't ignored by the buffered IO layer anymore. - Issue #843590: Make "macintosh" an alias to the "mac_roman" encoding. - Create os.fsdecode(): decode from the filesystem encoding with surrogateescape error handler, or strict error handler on Windows. - Issue #3488: Provide convenient shorthand functions ``gzip.compress`` and ``gzip.decompress``. Original patch by Anand B. Pillai. - Issue #8807: poplib.POP3_SSL class now accepts a context parameter, which is a ssl.SSLContext object allowing bundling SSL configuration options, certificates and private keys into a single (potentially long-lived) structure. - Issue #8866: parameters passed to socket.getaddrinfo can now be specified as single keyword arguments. - Address XXX comment in dis.py by having inspect.py prefer to reuse the dis.py compiler flag values over defining its own. - Issue #9147: Added dis.code_info() which is similar to show_code() but returns formatted code information in a string rather than displaying on screen. - Issue #9567: functools.update_wrapper now adds a __wrapped__ attribute pointing to the original callable. - Issue #3445: functools.update_wrapper now tolerates missing attributes on wrapped callables. - Issue #5867: Add abc.abstractclassmethod and abc.abstractstaticmethod. - Issue #9605: posix.getlogin() decodes the username with file filesystem encoding and surrogateescape error handler. Patch written by David Watson. - Issue #9604: posix.initgroups() encodes the username using the fileystem encoding and surrogateescape error handler. Patch written by David Watson. - Issue #9603: posix.ttyname() and posix.ctermid() decode the terminal name using the filesystem encoding and surrogateescape error handler. Patch written by David Watson. - Issue #7647: The posix module now has the ST_RDONLY and ST_NOSUID constants, for use with the statvfs() function. Patch by Adam Jackson. - Issue #8688: MANIFEST files created by distutils now include a magic comment indicating they are generated. Manually maintained MANIFESTs without this marker will not be overwritten or removed. - Issue #7467: when reading a file from a ZIP archive, its CRC is checked and a BadZipfile error is raised if it doesn't match (as used to be the case in Python 2.5 and earlier). - Issue #9550: a BufferedReader could issue an additional read when the original read request had been satisfied, which could block indefinitely when the underlying raw IO channel was e.g. a socket. Report and original patch by Jason V. Miller. - Issue #3757: thread-local objects now support cyclic garbage collection. Thread-local objects involved in reference cycles will be deallocated timely by the cyclic GC, even if the underlying thread is still running. - Issue #9452: Add read_file, read_string, and read_dict to the configparser API; new source attribute to exceptions. - Issue #6231: Fix xml.etree.ElementInclude to include the tail of the current node. - Issue #8047: Fix the xml.etree serializer to return bytes by default. Use ``encoding="unicode"`` to generate a Unicode string. - Issue #8280: urllib2's Request method will remove fragments in the url. This is how it is supposed to work, wget and curl do the same. Previous behavior was wrong. - Issue #6683: For SMTP logins we now try all authentication methods advertised by the server. Many servers are buggy and advertise authentication methods they do not support in reality. - Issue #8814: function annotations (the ``__annotations__`` attribute) are now included in the set of attributes copied by default by functools.wraps and functools.update_wrapper. Patch by Terrence Cole. - Issue #2944: asyncore doesn't handle connection refused correctly. - Issue #4184: Private attributes on smtpd.SMTPChannel made public and deprecate the private attributes. Add tests for smtpd module. - Issue #3196: email header decoding is now forgiving if an RFC2047 encoded word encoded in base64 is lacking padding. - Issue #9444: Argparse now uses the first element of prefix_chars as the option character for the added 'h/help' option if prefix_chars does not contain a '-', instead of raising an error. - Issue #7372: Fix pstats regression when stripping paths from profile data generated with the profile module. - Issue #9428: Fix running scripts with the profile/cProfile modules from the command line. - Issue #7781: Fix restricting stats by entry counts in the pstats interactive browser. - Issue #9209: Do not crash in the pstats interactive browser on invalid regular expressions. - Update collections.OrderedDict to match the implementation in Py2.7 (based on lists instead of weakly referenced Link objects). - Issue #8397: Raise an error when attempting to mix iteration and regular reads on a BZ2File object, rather than returning incorrect results. - Issue #9448: Fix a leak of OS resources (mutexes or semaphores) when re-initializing a buffered IO object by calling its ``__init__`` method. - Issue #1713: Fix os.path.ismount(), which returned true for symbolic links across devices. - Issue #8826: Properly load old-style "expires" attribute in http.cookies. - Issue #1690103: Fix initial namespace for code run with trace.main(). - Issue #7395: Fix tracebacks in pstats interactive browser. - Issue #8230: Fix Lib/test/sortperf.py. - Issue #8620: when a cmd.Cmd() is fed input that reaches EOF without a final newline, it no longer truncates the last character of the last command line. - Issue #5146: Handle UID THREAD command correctly in imaplib. - Issue #5147: Fix the header generated for cookie files written by http.cookiejar.MozillaCookieJar. - Issue #8198: In pydoc, output all help text to the correct stream when sys.stdout is reassigned. - Issue #7909: Do not touch paths with the special prefixes ``\\.\`` or ``\\?\`` in ntpath.normpath(). - Issue #1286: Allow using fileinput.FileInput as a context manager. - Add lru_cache() decorator to the functools module. Tools/Demos ----------- - Fix ``Tools/scripts/checkpyc.py`` after PEP 3147. - Issue #8867: Fix ``Tools/scripts/serve.py`` to work with files containing non-ASCII content. Tests ----- - Issue #9601: Provide a test case for ftplib.parse257. - Issue #8857: Provide a test case for socket.getaddrinfo. - Issue #7564: Skip test_ioctl if another process is attached to /dev/tty. - Issue #8433: Fix test_curses failure with newer versions of ncurses. - Issue #9496: Provide a test suite for the rlcompleter module. Patch by Michele Orrù. - Issue #8687: provide a test suite for sched.py module. Build ----- - Issue #1303434: Generate ZIP file containing all PDBs. - Issue #9193: PEP 3149 is accepted. - Issue #3101: Helper functions _add_one_to_index_C() and _add_one_to_index_F() become _Py_add_one_to_index_C() and _Py_add_one_to_index_F(), respectively. - Issue #9700: define HAVE_BROKEN_POSIX_SEMAPHORES under AIX 6.x. Patch by Sébastien Sablé. - Don't run pgen twice when using make -j. What's New in Python 3.2 Alpha 1? ================================= *Release date: 01-Aug-2010* Core and Builtins ----------------- - Issue #8991: convertbuffer() rejects discontigious buffers. - Issue #7616: Fix copying of overlapping memoryview slices with the Intel compiler. - Issue #8413: structsequence now subclasses tuple. - Issue #8271: during the decoding of an invalid UTF-8 byte sequence, only the start byte and the continuation byte(s) are now considered invalid, instead of the number of bytes specified by the start byte. E.g.: '\xf1\x80AB'.decode('utf-8', 'replace') now returns u'\ufffdAB' and replaces with U+FFFD only the start byte ('\xf1') and the continuation byte ('\x80') even if '\xf1' is the start byte of a 4-bytes sequence. Previous versions returned a single u'\ufffd'. - Issue #9011: A negated imaginary literal (e.g., "-7j") now has real part -0.0 rather than 0.0. So "-7j" is now exactly equivalent to "-(7j)". - Be more specific in error messages about positional arguments. - Issue #8949: "z" format of PyArg_Parse*() functions doesn't accept bytes objects, as described in the documentation. - Issue #6543: Write the traceback in the terminal encoding instead of utf-8. Fix the encoding of the modules filename. Patch written by Amaury Forgeot d'Arc. - Issue #9011: Remove buggy and unnecessary (in 3.x) ST->AST compilation code dealing with unary minus applied to a constant. The removed code was mutating the ST, causing a second compilation to fail. - Issue #850997: mbcs encoding (Windows only) handles errors argument: strict mode raises unicode errors. The encoder only supports "strict" and "replace" error handlers, the decoder only supports "strict" and "ignore" error handlers. Patch written by Mark Hammond. - Issue #8850: Remove "w" and "w#" formats from PyArg_Parse*() functions, use "w*" format instead. Add tests for "w*" format. - Issue #8592: PyArg_Parse*() functions raise a TypeError for "y", "u" and "Z" formats if the string contains a null byte/character. Write unit tests for string formats. - Issue #7490: To facilitate sharing of doctests between 2.x and 3.x test suites, the IGNORE_EXCEPTION_DETAIL directive now also ignores the module location of the raised exception. - Issue #8969: On Windows, use mbcs codec in strict mode to encode and decode filenames and enable os.fsencode(). - Issue #9058: Remove assertions about INT_MAX in UnicodeDecodeError. - Issue #8941: Decoding big endian UTF-32 data in UCS-2 builds could crash the interpreter with characters outside the Basic Multilingual Plane (higher than 0x10000). - Issue #8950: (See also issue #5080). Py_ArgParse*() functions now raise TypeError instead of giving a DeprecationWarning when a float is parsed using the 'L' code (for long long). (All other integer codes already raise TypeError in this case.) - Issue #8922: Normalize the encoding name in PyUnicode_AsEncodedString() to enable shortcuts for upper case encoding name. Add also a shortcut for "iso-8859-1" in PyUnicode_AsEncodedString() and PyUnicode_Decode(). - Issue #8838: Remove codecs.charbuffer_encode() function. The buffer protocol doesn't support "char buffer" anymore in Python 3. - Issue #8339: Remove "t#" format of PyArg_Parse*() functions, use "s#" or "s*" instead. codecs.charbuffer_encode() now accepts modifiable buffer objects like bytearray. - Issue #8837: Remove "O?" format of PyArg_Parse*() functions. The format is no used anymore and it was never documented. - In str.format(), raise a ValueError when indexes to arguments are too large. - Issue #2844: Make int('42', n) consistently raise ValueError for invalid integers n (including n = -909). - Issue #8188: Introduce a new scheme for computing hashes of numbers (instances of int, float, complex, decimal.Decimal and fractions.Fraction) that makes it easy to maintain the invariant that hash(x) == hash(y) whenever x and y have equal value. - Issue #8748: Fix two issues with comparisons between complex and integer objects. (1) The comparison could incorrectly return True in some cases (2**53+1 == complex(2**53) == 2**53), breaking transitivity of equality. (2) The comparison raised an OverflowError for large integers, leading to unpredictable exceptions when combining integers and complex objects in sets or dicts. - Issue #8766: Initialize _warnings module before importing the first module. Fix a crash if an empty directory called "encodings" exists in sys.path. - Issue #8589: Decode PYTHONWARNINGS environment variable with the file system encoding and surrogateescape error handler instead of the locale encoding to be consistent with os.environ. Add PySys_AddWarnOptionUnicode() function. - PyObject_Dump() encodes unicode objects to utf8 with backslashreplace (instead of strict) error handler to escape surrogates. - Issue #8715: Create PyUnicode_EncodeFSDefault() function: Encode a Unicode object to Py_FileSystemDefaultEncoding with the "surrogateescape" error handler, and return bytes. If Py_FileSystemDefaultEncoding is not set, fall back to UTF-8. - Enable shortcuts for common encodings in PyUnicode_AsEncodedString() for any error handler, not only the default error handler (strict). - Issue #8610: Load file system codec at startup, and display a fatal error on failure. Set the file system encoding to utf-8 (instead of None) if getting the locale encoding failed, or if nl_langinfo(CODESET) function is missing. - PyFile_FromFd() uses PyUnicode_DecodeFSDefault() instead of PyUnicode_FromString() to support surrogates in the filename and use the right encoding. - Issue #7507: Quote "!" in pipes.quote(); it is special to some shells. - PyUnicode_DecodeFSDefaultAndSize() uses surrogateescape error handler. - Issue #8419: Prevent the dict constructor from accepting non-string keyword arguments. - Issue #8124: PySys_WriteStdout() and PySys_WriteStderr() don't execute indirectly Python signal handlers anymore because mywrite() ignores exceptions (KeyboardInterrupt). - Issue #8092: Fix PyUnicode_EncodeUTF8() to support error handler producing unicode string (eg. backslashreplace). - Issue #8485: PyUnicode_FSConverter() doesn't accept byteearray objects anymore, you have to convert your bytearray filenames to bytes. - Issue #7332: Remove the 16KB stack-based buffer in PyMarshal_ReadLastObjectFromFile, which doesn't bring any noticeable benefit compared to the dynamic memory allocation fallback. Patch by Charles-François Natali. - Issue #8417: Raise an OverflowError when an integer larger than sys.maxsize is passed to bytes or bytearray. - Issue #7301: Add environment variable $PYTHONWARNINGS. - Issue #8329: Don't return the same lists from select.select when no fds are changed. - Issue #8259: 1L << (2**31) no longer produces an 'outrageous shift error' on 64-bit machines. The shift count for either left or right shift is permitted to be up to sys.maxsize. - Ensure that tokenization of identifiers is not affected by locale. - Issue #1222585: Added LDCXXSHARED for C++ support. Patch by Arfrever. - Raise a TypeError when trying to delete a T_STRING_INPLACE struct member. - Issue #8211: Save/restore CFLAGS around AC_PROG_CC in configure.in, in case it is set. - Issue #8226: sys.setfilesystemencoding() raises a LookupError if the encoding is unknown. - Issue #1583863: A str subclass can now override the __str__ method. - Issue #8014: Setting a T_UINT or T_PYSSIZET attribute of an object with PyMemberDefs could produce an internal error; raise TypeError instead. - Issue #7845: Rich comparison methods on the complex type now return NotImplemented rather than raising a TypeError when comparing with an incompatible type; this allows user-defined classes to implement their own comparisons with complex. - Issue #3137: Don't ignore errors at startup, especially a keyboard interrupt (SIGINT). If an error occurs while importing the site module, the error is printed and Python exits. Initialize the GIL before importing the site module. - Issue #7173: Generator finalization could invalidate sys.exc_info(). - Issue #7544: Preallocate thread memory before creating the thread to avoid a fatal error in low memory condition. - Issue #7820: The parser tokenizer restores all bytes in the right if the BOM check fails. - Handle errors from looking up __prepare__ correctly. - Issue #5939: Add additional runtime checking to ensure a valid capsule in Modules/_ctypes/callproc.c. - Issue #7309: Fix unchecked attribute access when converting UnicodeEncodeError, UnicodeDecodeError, and UnicodeTranslateError to strings. - Issue #6902: Fix problem with built-in types format incorrectly with 0 padding. - Issue #7988: Fix default alignment to be right aligned for complex.__format__. Now it matches other numeric types. - Issue #5988: Remove deprecated functions PyOS_ascii_formatd, PyOS_ascii_strtod, and PyOS_ascii_atof. Use PyOS_double_to_string and PyOS_string_to_double instead. See issue #5835 for the original deprecations. - Issue #7385: Fix a crash in `MemoryView_FromObject` when `PyObject_GetBuffer` fails. Patch by Florent Xicluna. - Issue #7788: Fix an interpreter crash produced by deleting a list slice with very large step value. - Issue #7766: Change sys.getwindowsversion() return value to a named tuple and add the additional members returned in an OSVERSIONINFOEX structure. The new members are service_pack_major, service_pack_minor, suite_mask, and product_type. - Issue #7561: Operations on empty bytearrays (such as `int(bytearray())`) could crash in many places because of the PyByteArray_AS_STRING() macro returning NULL. The macro now returns a statically allocated empty string instead. - Issue #6690: Optimize the bytecode for expressions such as `x in {1, 2, 3}`, where the right hand operand is a set of constants, by turning the set into a frozenset and pre-building it as a constant. The comparison operation is made against the constant instead of building a new set each time it is executed (a similar optimization already existed which turned a list of constants into a pre-built tuple). Patch and additional tests by Dave Malcolm. - Issue #7622: Improve the split(), rsplit(), splitlines() and replace() methods of bytes, bytearray and unicode objects by using a common implementation based on stringlib's fast search. Patch by Florent Xicluna. - Issue #7632: Fix various str -> float conversion bugs present in 2.7 alpha 2, including: (1) a serious 'wrong output' bug that could occur for long (> 40 digit) input strings, (2) a crash in dtoa.c that occurred in debug builds when parsing certain long numeric strings corresponding to subnormal values, (3) a memory leak for some values large enough to cause overflow, and (4) a number of flaws that could lead to incorrectly rounded results. - The __complex__ method is now looked up on the class of instances to make it consistent with other special methods. - Issue #7462: Implement the stringlib fast search algorithm for the `rfind`, `rindex`, `rsplit` and `rpartition` methods. Patch by Florent Xicluna. - Issue #7604: Deleting an unset slotted attribute did not raise an AttributeError. - Issue #7534: Fix handling of IEEE specials (infinities, nans, negative zero) in ** operator. The behaviour now conforms to that described in C99 Annex F. - Issue #1811: improve accuracy and cross-platform consistency for true division of integers: the result of a/b is now correctly rounded for ints a and b (at least on IEEE 754 platforms), and in particular does not depend on the internal representation of an int. - Issue #6834: replace the implementation for the 'python' and 'pythonw' executables on OSX. These executables now work properly with the arch(1) command: ``arch -ppc python`` will start a universal binary version of python in PPC mode (unlike previous releases). - Issue #7466: Segmentation fault when the garbage collector is called in the middle of populating a tuple. Patch by Florent Xicluna. - Issue #7419: setlocale() could crash the interpreter on Windows when called with invalid values. - Issue #6077: On Windows, files opened with tempfile.TemporaryFile in "wt+" mode would appear truncated on the first '0x1a' byte (aka. Ctrl+Z). - Issue #7085: Fix crash when importing some extensions in a thread on MacOSX 10.6. - Issue #1757126: Fix the cyrillic-asian alias for the ptcp154 encoding. - Issue #6970: Remove redundant calls when comparing objects that don't implement the relevant rich comparison methods. - Issue #7298: Fixes for range and reversed(range(...)). Iteration over range(a, b, c) incorrectly gave an empty iterator when a, b and c fit in C long but the length of the range did not. Also fix several cases where reversed(range(a, b, c)) gave wrong results, and fix a refleak for reversed(range(a, b, c)) with large arguments. - Issue #7244: itertools.izip_longest() no longer ignores exceptions raised during the formation of an output tuple. - Issue #3297: On wide unicode builds, do not split unicode characters into surrogates. - Remove length limitation when constructing a complex number from a string. - Issue #1087418: Boost performance of bitwise operations for longs. - Support for AtheOS has been completely removed from the code base. It was disabled since Python 3.0. - Support for several legacy threading libraries has been disabled. These libraries are: Mach C threads, SunOS LWP, GNU pth, Irix threads. Support code will be entirely removed in 3.3. - Support for OSF* has been disabled. If nobody stands up, support will be removed in 3.3. See . - Peephole constant folding had missed UNARY_POSITIVE. - Issue #1722344: threading._shutdown() is now called in Py_Finalize(), which fixes the problem of some exceptions being thrown at shutdown when the interpreter is killed. Patch by Adam Olsen. - Issue #7147: Remove support for compiling Python without complex number support. - Issue #7120: logging: Removed import of multiprocessing which is causing crash in GAE. - Issue #1754094: Improve the stack depth calculation in the compiler. There should be no other effect than a small decrease in memory use. Patch by Christopher Tur Lesniewski-Laas. - Issue #7065: Fix a crash in bytes.maketrans and bytearray.maketrans when using byte values greater than 127. Patch by Derk Drukker. - Issue #1571184: The Unicode database contains properties for more characters. The tables for code points representing numeric values, white spaces or line breaks are now generated from the official Unicode Character Database files, and include information from the Unihan.txt file. - Issue #7019: Raise ValueError when unmarshalling bad long data, instead of producing internally inconsistent Python longs. - Issue #6990: Fix threading.local subclasses leaving old state around after a reference cycle GC which could be recycled by new locals. - Issue #5460: Fix an ambiguity in the grammar. - Issue #1766304: Improve performance of membership tests on range objects. - Issue #6713: Improve performance of integer -> string conversions. - Issue #6846: Fix bug where bytearray.pop() returns negative integers. - Issue #6750: A text file opened with io.open() could duplicate its output when writing from multiple threads at the same time. - Issue #6707: dir() on an uninitialized module caused a crash. - Issue #6540: Fixed crash for bytearray.translate() with invalid parameters. - Issue #6573: set.union() stopped processing inputs if an instance of self occurred in the argument chain. - Issue #6070: On posix platforms import no longer copies the execute bit from the .py file to the .pyc file if it is set. - Issue #1616979: Added the cp720 (Arabic DOS) encoding. - Issue #6428: Since Python 3.0, the __bool__ method must return a bool object, and not an int. Fix the corresponding error message, and the documentation. - The deprecated PyCObject has been removed. - Issue #6347: Include inttypes.h as well as stdint.h in pyport.h. This fixes a build failure on HP-UX: int32_t and uint32_t are defined in inttypes.h instead of stdint.h on that platform. - Issue #6373: Fixed a SystemError when encoding with the latin-1 codec and the 'surrogateescape' error handler, a string which contains unpaired surrogates. - Issue #4856: Remove checks for win NT. - Issue #6687: PyBytes_FromObject() no longer accepts an integer as its argument to construct a null-initialized bytes object. - Issue #1023290: Add from_bytes() and to_bytes() methods to integers. These methods allow the conversion of integers to bytes, and vice-versa. - Issue #7382: Fix bug in bytes.__getnewargs__ that prevented bytes instances from being copied with copy.copy(), and bytes subclasses from being pickled properly. - Code objects now support weak references. - Issue #7072: isspace(0xa0) is true on Mac OS X. - Issue #8084: PEP 370 now conforms to system conventions for framework builds on MacOS X. That is, "python setup.py install --user" will install into "~/Library/Python/2.7" instead of "~/.local". C-API ----- - Issue #2443: A new macro, `Py_VA_COPY`, copies the state of the variable argument list. `Py_VA_COPY` is equivalent to C99 `va_copy`, but available on all python platforms. - PySlice_GetIndicesEx now clips the step to [-PY_SSIZE_T_MAX, PY_SSIZE_T_MAX] instead of [-PY_SSIZE_T_MAX-1, PY_SSIZE_T_MAX]. This makes it safe to do "step = -step" when reversing a slice. - Issue #5753: A new C API function, `PySys_SetArgvEx`, allows embedders of the interpreter to set sys.argv without also modifying sys.path. This helps fix `CVE-2008-5983 `_. - Add PyArg_ValidateKeywordArguments, which checks if all keyword arguments are strings in an efficient manner. - Issue #8276: PyEval_CallObject() is now only available in macro form. The function declaration, which was kept for backwards compatibility reasons, is now removed (the macro was introduced in 1997!). - Issue #7767: New function PyLong_AsLongLongAndOverflow added, analogous to PyLong_AsLongAndOverflow. - Make PyUnicode_CompareWithASCIIString return not equal if the Python string has '\0' at the end. - Issue #5080: The argument parsing functions PyArg_ParseTuple, PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords, PyArg_VaParse, PyArg_VaParseTupleAndKeywords and PyArg_Parse now raise a DeprecationWarning for float arguments passed with the 'L' format code. This will become a TypeError in a future version of Python, to match the behaviour of the other integer format codes. - Issue #7033: Function ``PyErr_NewExceptionWithDoc()`` added. - Issue #7414: 'C' code wasn't being skipped properly (for keyword arguments) in PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords. - Issue #7228: Add '%lld' and '%llu' support to PyString_FromFormat(V) and PyErr_Format, on machines with HAVE_LONG_LONG defined. - Issue #6151: Made PyDescr_COMMON conform to standard C (like PyObject_HEAD in PEP 3123). The PyDescr_TYPE and PyDescr_NAME macros should be should used for accessing the d_type and d_name members of structures using PyDescr_COMMON. - Issue #6405: Remove duplicate type declarations in descrobject.h. - The code flags for old __future__ features are now available again. - Issue #5954: Add a PyFrame_GetLineNumber() function to replace most uses of PyCode_Addr2Line(). - Issue #5959: Add a PyCode_NewEmpty() function to create a new empty code object at a specified file, function, and line number. - Issue #1419652: Change the first argument to PyImport_AppendInittab() to ``const char *`` as the string is stored beyond the call. - Issue #2422: When compiled with the ``--with-valgrind`` option, the pymalloc allocator will be automatically disabled when running under Valgrind. This gives improved memory leak detection when running under Valgrind, while taking advantage of pymalloc at other times. Library ------- - In pdb, when Ctrl-C is entered while defining commands for a breakpoint, the old commands are restored. - For traceback debugging, the pdb listing now also shows the locations where the exception was originally (re)raised, if it differs from the last line executed (e.g. in case of finally clauses). - The pdb command "source" has been added. It displays the source code for a given object, if possible. - The pdb command "longlist" has been added. It displays the whole source code for the current function. - Issue #1503502: Make pdb.Pdb easier to subclass by putting message and error output into methods. - Issue #809887: Make the output of pdb's breakpoint deletions more consistent; emit a message when a breakpoint is enabled or disabled. - Issue #5294: Fix the behavior of pdb's "continue" command when called in the top-level debugged frame. - Issue #5727: Restore the ability to use readline when calling into pdb in doctests. - Issue #6719: In pdb, do not stop somewhere in the encodings machinery if the source file to be debugged is in a non-builtin encoding. - Issue #8048: Prevent doctests from failing when sys.displayhook has been reassigned. - Issue #8015: In pdb, do not crash when an empty line is entered as a breakpoint command. - In pdb, allow giving a line number to the "until" command. - Issue #1437051: For pdb, allow "continue" and related commands in .pdbrc files. Also, add a command-line option "-c" that runs a command as if given in .pdbrc. - Issue #4179: In pdb, allow "list ." as a command to return to the currently debugged line. - Issue #4108: In urllib.robotparser, if there are multiple ``User-agent: *`` entries, consider the first one. - Issue #6630: Allow customizing regex flags when subclassing the string.Template class. - Issue #9411: Allow specifying an encoding for config files in the configparser module. - Issue #1682942: Improvements to configparser: support alternate delimiters, alternate comment prefixes and empty lines in values. - Issue #9354: Provide getsockopt() in asyncore's file_wrapper. - Issue #8966: ctypes: Remove implicit bytes-unicode conversion. - Issue #9378: python -m pickle will now load and display the first object in the pickle file. - Issue #4770: Restrict binascii module to accept only bytes (as specified). And fix the email package to encode to ASCII instead of ``raw-unicode-escape`` before ASCII-to-binary decoding. - Issue #9384: ``python -m tkinter`` will now display a simple demo applet. - The default size of the re module's compiled regular expression cache has been increased from 100 to 500 and the cache replacement policy has changed from simply clearing the entire cache on overflow to forgetting the least recently used cached compiled regular expressions. This is a performance win for applications that use a lot of regular expressions and limits the impact of the performance hit anytime the cache is exceeded. - Issue #7113: Speed up loading in configparser. Patch by Łukasz Langa. - Issue #9032: XML-RPC client retries the request on EPIPE error. The EPIPE error occurs when the server closes the socket and the client sends a big XML-RPC request. - Issue #4629: getopt raises an error if an argument ends with "=", whereas getopt doesn't accept a value (eg. --help= is rejected if getopt uses ['help='] long options). - Issue #7989: Added pure python implementation of the `datetime` module. The C module is renamed to `_datetime` and if available, overrides all classes defined in datetime with fast C impementation. Python implementation is based on the original python prototype for the datetime module by Tim Peters with minor modifications by the PyPy project. The test suite now tests `datetime` module with and without `_datetime` acceleration using the same test cases. - Issue #7895: platform.mac_ver() no longer crashes after calling os.fork(). - Issue #9323: Fixed a bug in trace.py that resulted in loosing the name of the script being traced. Patch by Eli Bendersky. - Issue #9282: Fixed --listfuncs option of trace.py. Thanks Eli Bendersky for the patch. - Issue #3704: http.cookiejar was not properly handling URLs with a / in the parameters. - Issue #9268: ``pickletools.dis()`` now has an optional *annotate* argument which controls printing of opcode descriptions in ``dis()`` output. - Issue #1555570: email no longer inserts extra blank lines when a \r\n combo crosses an 8192 byte boundary. - Issue #9243: Fix sndhdr module and add unit tests, contributed by James Lee. - ``ast.literal_eval()`` now allows byte literals. - Issue #9137: Fix issue in MutableMapping.update, which incorrectly treated keyword arguments called 'self' or 'other' specially. - ``ast.literal_eval()`` now allows set literals. - Issue #9164: Ensure that sysconfig handles duplicate -arch flags in CFLAGS. - Issue #7646: The fnmatch pattern cache no longer grows without bound. - Issue #9136: Fix 'dictionary changed size during iteration' RuntimeError produced when profiling the decimal module. This was due to a dangerous iteration over 'locals()' in Context.__init__. - Fix extreme speed issue in Decimal.pow when the base is an exact power of 10 and the exponent is tiny (for example, ``Decimal(10) ** Decimal('1e-999999999')``). - Issue #9186: Fix math.log1p(-1.0) to raise ValueError, not OverflowError. - Issue #9130: Fix validation of relative imports in parser module. - Issue #9128: Fix validation of class decorators in parser module. - Issue #9094: python -m pickletools will now disassemble pickle files listed in the command line arguments. See output of python -m pickletools -h for more details. - Issue #5468: urlencode to handle bytes type and other encodings in its query parameter. Patch by Dan Mahn. - Issue #7673: Fix security vulnerability (CVE-2010-2089) in the audioop module, ensure that the input string length is a multiple of the frame size. - Issue #6507: Accept source strings in dis.dis(). Original patch by Daniel Urban. - Issue #7829: Clearly document that the dis module is exposing an implementation detail that is not stable between Python VMs or releases. - Issue #6589: cleanup asyncore.socket_map in case smtpd.SMTPServer constructor raises an exception. - Issue #9110: Addition of ContextDecorator to contextlib, for creating APIs that act as both context managers and decorators. contextmanager changes to use ContextDecorator. - Implement importlib.abc.SourceLoader and deprecate PyLoader and PyPycLoader for removal in Python 3.4. - Issue #9064: pdb's "up" and "down" commands now accept an optional argument giving the number of frames to go. - Issue #9018: os.path.normcase() now raises a TypeError if the argument is not ``str`` or ``bytes``. - Issue #9075: In the ssl module, remove the setting of a ``debug`` flag on an OpenSSL structure. - Issue #8682: The ssl module now temporary increments the reference count of a socket object got through ``PyWeakref_GetObject``, so as to avoid possible deallocation while the object is still being used. - Issue #1368368: FancyURLOpener class changed to throw an Exception on wrong password instead of presenting an interactive prompt. Older behavior can be obtained by passing retry=True to http_error_xxx methods of FancyURLOpener. - Issue #8720: Fix regression caused by fix for #4050 by making getsourcefile smart enough to find source files in the linecache. - Issue #5610: feedparser no longer eats extra characters at the end of a body part if the body part ends with a ``\r\n``. - Issue #8986: math.erfc was incorrectly raising OverflowError for values between -27.3 and -30.0 on some platforms. - Issue #8784: Set tarfile default encoding to 'utf-8' on Windows. - Issue #8966: If a ctypes structure field is an array of c_char, convert its value to bytes instead of str (as done for c_char and c_char_p). - Issue #8188: Comparisons between Decimal and Fraction objects are now permitted, returning a result based on the exact numerical values of the operands. This builds on issue #2531, which allowed Decimal-to-float comparisons; all comparisons involving numeric types (bool, int, float, complex, Decimal, Fraction) should now act as expected. - Issue #8897: Fix sunau module, use bytes to write the header. Patch written by Thomas Jollans. - Issue #8899: time.struct_time now has class and attribute docstrings. - Issue #6470: Drop UNC prefix in FixTk. - Issue #4768: base64 encoded email body parts were incorrectly stored as binary strings. They are now correctly converted to strings. - Issue #8833: tarfile created hard link entries with a size field != 0 by mistake. - Charset.body_encode now correctly handles base64 encoding by encoding with the output_charset before calling base64mime.encode. Passes the tests from 2.x issue #1368247. - Issue #8845: sqlite3 Connection objects now have a read-only in_transaction attribute that is True iff there are uncommitted changes. - Issue #1289118: datetime.timedelta objects can now be multiplied by float and divided by float and int objects. Results are rounded to the nearest multiple of timedelta.resolution with ties resolved using round-half-to-even method. - Issue #7150: Raise OverflowError if the result of adding or subtracting timedelta from date or datetime falls outside of the MINYEAR:MAXYEAR range. - Issue #8806: add SSL contexts support to ftplib. - Issue #4769: Fix main() function of the base64 module, use sys.stdin.buffer and sys.stdout.buffer (instead of sys.stdin and sys.stdout) to use the bytes API. - Issue #8770: Now sysconfig displays information when it's called as a script. Initial idea by Sridhar Ratnakumar. - Issue #6662: Fix parsing of malformatted charref (&#bad;), patch written by Fredrik Håård. - Issue #8540: Decimal module: rename the Context._clamp attribute to Context.clamp and make it public. This is useful in creating contexts that correspond to the decimal interchange formats specified in IEEE 754. - Issue #6268: Fix seek() method of codecs.open(), don't read or write the BOM twice after seek(0). Fix also reset() method of codecs, UTF-16, UTF-32 and StreamWriter classes. - Issue #3798: sys.exit(message) writes the message to sys.stderr file, instead of the C file stderr, to use stderr encoding and error handler. - Issue #8782: Add a trailing newline in linecache.updatecache to the last line of files without one. - Issue #8729: Return NotImplemented from collections.Mapping.__eq__ when comparing to a non-mapping. - Issue #8774: tabnanny uses the encoding cookie (#coding:...) to use the correct encoding. - Issue #4870: Add an `options` attribute to SSL contexts, as well as several ``OP_*`` constants to the `ssl` module. This allows to selectively disable protocol versions, when used in combination with `PROTOCOL_SSLv23`. - Issue #8759: Fixed user paths in sysconfig for posix and os2 schemes. - Issue #8663: distutils.log emulates backslashreplace error handler. Fix compilation in a non-ASCII directory if stdout encoding is ASCII (eg. if stdout is not a TTY). - Issue #8513: os.get_exec_path() supports b'PATH' key and bytes value. subprocess.Popen() and os._execvpe() support bytes program name. Add os.supports_bytes_environ flag: True if the native OS type of the environment is bytes (eg. False on Windows). - Issue #8633: tarfile is now able to read and write archives with "raw" binary pax headers as described in POSIX.1-2008. - Issue #1285086: Speed up urllib.parse functions: quote, quote_from_bytes, unquote, unquote_to_bytes. - Issue #8688: Distutils now recalculates MANIFEST everytime. - Issue #8477: ssl.RAND_egd() and ssl._test_decode_cert() support str with surrogates and bytes for the filename. - Issue #8550: Add first class ``SSLContext`` objects to the ssl module. - Issue #8681: Make the zlib module's error messages more informative when the zlib itself doesn't give any detailed explanation. - The audioop module now supports sound fragments of length greater than 2**31 bytes on 64-bit machines, and is PY_SSIZE_T_CLEAN. - Issue #4972: Add support for the context manager protocol to the ftplib.FTP class. - Issue #8664: In py_compile, create __pycache__ when the compiled path is given. - Issue #8514: Add os.fsencode() function (Unix only): encode a string to bytes for use in the file system, environment variables or the command line. - Issue #8571: Fix an internal error when compressing or decompressing a chunk larger than 1GB with the zlib module's compressor and decompressor objects. - Issue #8603: Support bytes environmental variables on Unix: Add os.environb mapping and os.getenvb() function. os.unsetenv() encodes str argument to the file system encoding with the surrogateescape error handler (instead of utf8/strict) and accepts bytes. posix.environ keys and values are now bytes. - Issue #8573: asyncore _strerror() function might throw ValueError. - Issue #8483: asyncore.dispatcher's __getattr__ method produced confusing error messages when accessing undefined class attributes because of the cheap inheritance with the underlying socket object. The cheap inheritance has been deprecated. - Issue #4265: shutil.copyfile() was leaking file descriptors when disk fills. Patch by Tres Seaver. - Issue #8390: tarfile uses surrogateescape as the default error handler (instead of replace in read mode or strict in write mode). - Issue #7755: Use an unencumbered audio file for tests. - Issue #8621: uuid.uuid4() returned the same sequence of values in the parent and any children created using ``os.fork`` on MacOS X 10.6. - Issue #8567: Fix precedence of signals in Decimal module: when a Decimal operation raises multiple signals and more than one of those signals is trapped, the specification determines the order in which the signals should be handled. In many cases this order wasn't being followed, leading to the wrong Python exception being raised. - Issue #7865: The close() method of :mod:`io` objects should not swallow exceptions raised by the implicit flush(). Also qensure that calling close() several times is supported. Patch by Pascal Chambon. - Issue #4687: Fix accuracy of garbage collection runtimes displayed with gc.DEBUG_STATS. - Issue #8354: The siginterrupt setting is now preserved for all signals, not just SIGCHLD. - Issue #7192: webbrowser.get("firefox") now works on Mac OS X, as does webbrowser.get("safari"). - Issue #8464: tarfile no longer creates files with execute permissions set when mode="w|" is used. - Issue #7834: Fix connect() of Bluetooth L2CAP sockets with recent versions of the Linux kernel. Patch by Yaniv Aknin. - Issue #8295: Added shutil.unpack_archive. - Issue #6312: Fixed http HEAD request when the transfer encoding is chunked. It should correctly return an empty response now. - Issue #8546: Reject None given as the buffering argument to _pyio.open. - Issue #8549: Fix compiling the _ssl extension under AIX. Patch by Sridhar Ratnakumar. - Issue #6656: fix locale.format_string to handle escaped percents and mappings. - Issue #2302: Fix a race condition in SocketServer.BaseServer.shutdown, where the method could block indefinitely if called just before the event loop started running. This also fixes the occasional freezes witnessed in test_httpservers. - Issue #8524: When creating an SSL socket, the timeout value of the original socket wasn't retained (instead, a socket with a positive timeout would be turned into a non-blocking SSL socket). - Issue #5103: SSL handshake would ignore the socket timeout and block indefinitely if the other end didn't respond. - The do_handshake() method of SSL objects now adjusts the blocking mode of the SSL structure if necessary (as other methods already do). - Issue #8391: os.execvpe() and os.getenv() supports unicode with surrogates and bytes strings for environment keys and values. - Issue #8467: Pure Python implementation of subprocess encodes the error message using surrogatepass error handler to support surrogates in the message. - Issue #8468: bz2.BZ2File() accepts str with surrogates and bytes filenames. - Issue #8451: Syslog module now uses basename(sys.argv[0]) instead of the string "python" as the *ident*. openlog() arguments are all optional and keywords. - Issue #8108: Fix the unwrap() method of SSL objects when the socket has a non-infinite timeout. Also make that method friendlier with applications wanting to continue using the socket in clear-text mode, by disabling OpenSSL's internal readahead. Thanks to Darryl Miles for guidance. - Issue #8496: make mailcap.lookup() always return a list, rather than an iterator. Patch by Gregory Nofi. - Issue #8195: Fix a crash in sqlite Connection.create_collation() if the collation name contains a surrogate character. - Issue #8484: Load all ciphers and digest algorithms when initializing the _ssl extension, such that verification of some SSL certificates doesn't fail because of an "unknown algorithm". - Issue #6547: Added the ignore_dangling_symlinks option to shutil.copytree. - Issue #1540112: Now allowing the choice of a copy function in shutil.copytree. - Issue #4814: timeout parameter is now applied also for connections resulting from PORT/EPRT commands. - Issue #8463: added missing reference to bztar in shutil's documentation. - Issue #7154: urllib.request can now detect the proxy settings on OSX 10.6 (as long as the user didn't specify 'automatic proxy configuration'). - Issue #3817: ftplib.FTP.abort() method now considers 225 a valid response code as stated in RFC-959 at chapter 5.4. - Issue #8394: _ctypes.dlopen() accepts bytes, bytearray and str with surrogates. - Issue #850728: Add a *timeout* parameter to the `acquire()` method of `threading.Semaphore` objects. Original patch by Torsten Landschoff. - Issue #8322: Add a *ciphers* argument to SSL sockets, so as to change the available cipher list. Helps fix test_ssl with OpenSSL 1.0.0. - Issue #8393: subprocess accepts bytes, bytearray and str with surrogates for the current working directory. - Issue #7606: XML-RPC traceback stored in X-traceback is now encoded to ASCII using backslashreplace error handler. - Issue #8412: os.system() now accepts bytes, bytearray and str with surrogates. - Issue #2987: RFC2732 support for urlparse (IPv6 addresses). Patch by Tony Locke and Hans Ulrich Niedermann. - Issue #5277: Fix quote counting when parsing RFC 2231 encoded parameters. - Issue #7316: The acquire() method of lock objects in the :mod:`threading` module now takes an optional timeout argument in seconds. Timeout support relies on the system threading library, so as to avoid a semi-busy wait loop. - Issue #8383: pickle and pickletools use surrogatepass error handler when encoding unicode as utf8 to support lone surrogates and stay compatible with Python 2.x and 3.x. - Issue #7585: difflib context and unified diffs now place a tab between filename and date, conforming to the 'standards' they were originally designed to follow. This improves compatibility with patch tools. - Issue #7472: Fixed typo in email.encoders module; messages using ISO-2022 character sets will now consistently use a Content-Transfer-Encoding of 7bit rather than sometimes being marked as 8bit. - Issue #8375: test_distutils now checks if the temporary directory are still present before it cleans them. - Issue #8374: Update the internal alias table in the :mod:`locale` module to cover recent locale changes and additions. - Issue #8321: Give access to OpenSSL version numbers from the `ssl` module, using the new attributes `ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION`, `ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION_INFO` and `ssl.OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER`. - Add functools.total_ordering() and functools.cmp_to_key(). - Issue #8257: The Decimal construct now accepts a float instance directly, converting that float to a Decimal of equal value: >>> Decimal(1.1) Decimal('1.100000000000000088817841970012523233890533447265625') - Issue #8294: The Fraction constructor now accepts Decimal and float instances directly. - Issue #7279: Comparisons involving a Decimal signaling NaN now signal InvalidOperation instead of returning False. (Comparisons involving a quiet NaN are unchanged.) Also, Decimal quiet NaNs are now hashable; Decimal signaling NaNs remain unhashable. - Issue #2531: Comparison operations between floats and Decimal instances now return a result based on the numeric values of the operands; previously they returned an arbitrary result based on the relative ordering of id(float) and id(Decimal). See also issue #8188, which adds Decimal-to-Fraction comparisons. - Added a subtract() method to collections.Counter(). - Issue #8233: When run as a script, py_compile.py optionally takes a single argument `-` which tells it to read files to compile from stdin. Each line is read on demand and the named file is compiled immediately. (Original patch by Piotr Ożarowski). - Backwards incompatible change: Unicode codepoints line tabulation (0x0B) and form feed (0x0C) are now considered linebreaks, as specified in Unicode Standard Annex #14. See issue #7643. http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr14/ - Comparisons using one of <, <=, >, >= between a complex instance and a Fractions instance now raise TypeError instead of returning True/False. This makes Fraction <=> complex comparisons consistent with int <=> complex, float <=> complex, and complex <=> complex comparisons. - Issue #8139: ossaudiodev didn't initialize its types properly, therefore some methods (such as oss_mixer_device.fileno()) were not available. Initial patch by Bertrand Janin. - Issue #8205: Remove the "Modules" directory from sys.path when Python is running from the build directory (POSIX only). - Issue #7512: shutil.copystat() could raise an OSError when the filesystem didn't support chflags() (for example ZFS under FreeBSD). The error is now silenced. - Issue #7860: platform.uname now reports the correct 'machine' type when Python is running in WOW64 mode on 64 bit Windows. - Issue #3890, #8222: Fix recv() and recv_into() on non-blocking SSL sockets. Also, enable the SSL_MODE_AUTO_RETRY flag on SSL sockets, so that blocking reads and writes are always retried by OpenSSL itself. - Issue #4282: Fix the main function of the profile module for a non-ASCII script, open the file in binary mode and not in text mode with the default (utf8) encoding. - Issue #8179: Fix macpath.realpath() on a non-existing path. - Issue #8024: Update the Unicode database to 5.2. - Issue #8168: py_compile now handles files with utf-8 BOMS. - ``tokenize.detect_encoding`` now returns ``'utf-8-sig'`` when a UTF-8 BOM is detected. - Issue #6716/2: Backslash-replace error output in compilall. - Issue #4961: Inconsistent/wrong result of askyesno function in tkMessageBox with Tcl/Tk-8.5. - Issue #8140: extend compileall to compile single files. Add -i option. - Issue #7356: ctypes.util: Make parsing of ldconfig output independent of the locale. - The internals of the subprocess module on POSIX systems have been replaced by an extension module (_posixsubprocess) so that the fork()+exec() can be done safely without the possibility of deadlock in multithreaded applications. - subprocess.Popen now has restore_signals and start_new_session features. The default of restore_signals=True is a new behavior compared to earlier Python versions. This means that signals such as SIGPIPE are not ignored by default in subprocesses launched by Python (Issue #1652). - Issue #6472: The xml.etree package is updated to ElementTree 1.3. The cElementTree module is updated too. - Issue #7774: Set sys.executable to an empty string if argv[0] has been set to an non existent program name and Python is unable to retrieve the real program name. - Issue #7880: Fix sysconfig when the python executable is a symbolic link. - Issue #6509: fix re.sub to work properly when the pattern, the string, and the replacement were all bytes. Patch by Antoine Pitrou. - The sqlite3 module was updated to pysqlite 2.6.0. This fixes several obscure bugs and allows loading SQLite extensions from shared libraries. - Issue #1054943: Fix ``unicodedata.normalize('NFC', text)`` for the Public Review Issue #29 (http://unicode.org/review/pr-29.html). - Issue #7494: fix a crash in _lsprof (cProfile) after clearing the profiler, reset also the pointer to the current pointer context. - Issue #7232: Add support for the context manager protocol to the TarFile class. - Issue #7250: Fix info leak of os.environ across multi-run uses of wsgiref.handlers.CGIHandler. - Issue #1729305: Fix doctest to handle encode error with "backslashreplace". - Issue #691291: codecs.open() should not convert end of lines on reading and writing. - Issue #7869: logging: improved diagnostic for format-time errors. - Issue #7868: logging: added loggerClass attribute to Manager. - logging: Implemented PEP 391. - Issue #1537721: Add a writeheader() method to csv.DictWriter. - Issue #7959: ctypes callback functions are now registered correctly with the cycle garbage collector. - Issue #5801: removed spurious empty lines in wsgiref. - Issue #6666: fix bug in trace.py that applied the list of directories to be ignored only to the first file. Noted by Bogdan Opanchuk. - Issue #7597: curses.use_env() can now be called before initscr(). Noted by Kan-Ru Chen. - Issue #7310: fix the __repr__ of os.environ to show the environment variables. - Issue #7970: email.Generator.flatten now correctly flattens message/rfc822 messages parsed by email.Parser.HeaderParser. - Issue #7361: Importlib was not properly checking the number of bytes in bytecode file when it was less then 8 bytes. - Issue #7633: In the decimal module, Context class methods (with the exception of canonical and is_canonical) now accept instances of int and long wherever a Decimal instance is accepted, and implicitly convert that argument to Decimal. Previously only some arguments were converted. - Issue #7835: shelve should no longer produce mysterious warnings during interpreter shutdown. - Issue #2746: Don't escape ampersands and angle brackets ("&", "<", ">") in XML processing instructions and comments. These raw characters are allowed by the XML specification, and are necessary when outputting e.g. PHP code in a processing instruction. Patch by Neil Muller. - Issue #6233: ElementTree failed converting unicode characters to XML entities when they could't be represented in the requested output encoding. Patch by Jerry Chen. - Issue #6003: add an argument to ``zipfile.Zipfile.writestr`` to specify the compression type. - Issue #4772: Raise a ValueError when an unknown Bluetooth protocol is specified, rather than fall through to AF_PACKET (in the `socket` module). Also, raise ValueError rather than TypeError when an unknown TIPC address type is specified. Patch by Brian Curtin. - Issue #6939: Fix file I/O objects in the `io` module to keep the original file position when calling `truncate()`. It would previously change the file position to the given argument, which goes against the tradition of ftruncate() and other truncation APIs. Patch by Pascal Chambon. - Issue #7610: Reworked implementation of the internal :class:`zipfile.ZipExtFile` class used to represent files stored inside an archive. The new implementation is significantly faster and can be wrapped in a :class:`io.BufferedReader` object for more speedups. It also solves an issue where interleaved calls to `read()` and `readline()` give wrong results. Patch by Nir Aides. - Issue #6963: Added "maxtasksperchild" argument to multiprocessing.Pool, allowing for a maximum number of tasks within the pool to be completed by the worker before that worker is terminated, and a new one created to replace it. - Issue #7792: Registering non-classes to ABCs raised an obscure error. - Issue #7785: Don't accept bytes in FileIO.write(). - Removed the functions 'verify' and 'vereq' from Lib/test/support.py. - Issue #7773: Fix an UnboundLocalError in platform.linux_distribution() when the release file is empty. - Issue #7561: Fix crashes when using bytearray objects with the posix module. - Issue #1670765: Prevent email.generator.Generator from re-wrapping headers in multipart/signed MIME parts, which fixes one of the sources of invalid modifications to such parts by Generator. - Issue #7703: Add support for the new buffer API to `binascii.a2bhqx`. Patch by Florent Xicluna, along with some additional tests. - Issue #7701: Fix crash in binascii.b2a_uu() in debug mode when given a 1-byte argument. Patch by Victor Stinner. - Issue #3299: Fix possible crash in the _sre module when given bad argument values in debug mode. Patch by Victor Stinner. - Issue #2846: Add support for gzip.GzipFile reading zero-padded files. Patch by Brian Curtin. - Issue #7681: Use floor division in appropiate places in the wave module. - Issue #5372: Drop the reuse of .o files in Distutils' ccompiler (since Extension extra options may change the output without changing the .c file). Initial patch by Collin Winter. - Issue #7617: Make sure distutils.unixccompiler.UnixCCompiler recognizes gcc when it has a fully qualified configuration prefix. Initial patch by Arfrever. - Issue #7105: Make WeakKeyDictionary and WeakValueDictionary robust against the destruction of weakref'ed objects while iterating. - Issue #7455: Fix possible crash in cPickle on invalid input. Patch by Victor Stinner. - Issue #1628205: Socket file objects returned by socket.socket.makefile() now properly handles EINTR within the read, readline, write & flush methods. The socket.sendall() method now properly handles interrupted system calls. - Issue #7471: Improve the performance of GzipFile's buffering mechanism, and make it implement the `io.BufferedIOBase` ABC to allow for further speedups by wrapping it in an `io.BufferedReader`. Patch by Nir Aides. - Issue #3972: http.client.HTTPConnection now accepts an optional source_address parameter to allow specifying where your connections come from. - socket.create_connection now accepts an optional source_address parameter. - Issue #5511: now zipfile.ZipFile can be used as a context manager. Initial patch by Brian Curtin. - Issue #7556: Make sure Distutils' msvc9compile reads and writes the MSVC XML Manifest file in text mode so string patterns can be used in regular expressions. - Issue #7552: Removed line feed in the base64 Authorization header in the Distutils upload command to avoid an error when PyPI reads it. This occurs on long passwords. Initial patch by JP St. Pierre. - Issue #7231: urllib2 cannot handle https with proxy requiring auth. Patch by Tatsuhiro Tsujikawa. - Issue #4757: `zlib.compress` and other methods in the zlib module now raise a TypeError when given an `str` object (rather than a `bytes`-like object). Patch by Victor Stinner and Florent Xicluna. - Issue #7349: Make methods of file objects in the io module accept None as an argument where file-like objects (ie StringIO and BytesIO) accept them to mean the same as passing no argument. - Issue #7357: tarfile no longer suppresses fatal extraction errors by default. - Issue #5949: added check for correct lineends in input from IMAP server in imaplib. - Add count() and reverse() methods to collections.deque(). - Fix variations of extending deques: d.extend(d) d.extendleft(d) d+=d - Issue #6986: Fix crash in the JSON C accelerator when called with the wrong parameter types. Patch by Victor Stinner. - Issue #7457: added a read_pkg_file method to distutils.dist.DistributionMetadata. - logging: Added optional `secure` parameter to SMTPHandler, to enable use of TLS with authentication credentials. - Issue #1923: Fixed the removal of meaningful spaces when PKG-INFO is generated in Distutils. Patch by Stephen Emslie. - Issue #4120: Drop reference to CRT from manifest when building extensions with msvc9compiler. - Issue #7333: The `posix` module gains an `initgroups()` function providing access to the initgroups(3) C library call on Unix systems which implement it. Patch by Jean-Paul Calderone. - Issue #7408: Fixed distutils.tests.sdist so it doesn't check for group ownership when the group is not forced, because the group may be different from the user's group and inherit from its container when the test is run. - Issue #4486: When an exception has an explicit cause, do not print its implicit context too. This affects the `traceback` module as well as built-in exception printing. - Issue #1515: Enable use of deepcopy() with instance methods. Patch by Robert Collins. - Issue #7403: logging: Fixed possible race condition in lock creation. - Issue #6845: Add restart support for binary upload in ftplib. The `storbinary()` method of FTP and FTP_TLS objects gains an optional `rest` argument. Patch by Pablo Mouzo. - Issue #5788: `datetime.timedelta` objects get a new `total_seconds()` method returning the total number of seconds in the duration. Patch by Brian Quinlan. - Issue #7133: SSL objects now support the new buffer API. - Issue #1488943: difflib.Differ() doesn't always add hints for tab characters. - Issue #6123: tarfile now opens empty archives correctly and consistently raises ReadError on empty files. - Issue #7354: distutils.tests.test_msvc9compiler - dragfullwindows can be 2. - Issue #5037: Proxy the __bytes__ special method instead to __bytes__ instead of __str__. - Issue #7341: Close the internal file object in the TarFile constructor in case of an error. - Issue #7293: distutils.test_msvc9compiler is fixed to work on any fresh Windows box. Help provided by David Bolen. - Issue #2054: ftplib now provides an FTP_TLS class to do secure FTP using TLS or SSL. Patch by Giampaolo Rodola'. - Issue #7328: pydoc no longer corrupts sys.path when run with the '-m' switch. - Issue #4969: The mimetypes module now reads the MIME database from the registry under Windows. Patch by Gabriel Genellina. - Issue #6816: runpy now provides a run_path function that allows Python code to execute file paths that refer to source or compiled Python files as well as zipfiles, directories and other valid sys.path entries that contain a __main__.py file. This allows applications that run other Python scripts to support the same flexibility as the CPython command line itself. - Issue #7318: multiprocessing now uses a timeout when it fails to establish a connection with another process, rather than looping endlessly. The default timeout is 20 seconds, which should be amply sufficient for local connections. - Issue #7197: Allow unittest.TextTestRunner objects to be pickled and unpickled. This fixes crashes under Windows when trying to run test_multiprocessing in verbose mode. - Issue #7893: ``unittest.TextTestResult`` is made public and a ``resultclass`` argument added to the TextTestRunner constructor allowing a different result class to be used without having to subclass. - Issue #7588: ``unittest.TextTestResult.getDescription`` now includes the test name in failure reports even if the test has a docstring. - Issue #3001: Add a C implementation of recursive locks which is used by default when instantiating a `threading.RLock` object. This makes recursive locks as fast as regular non-recursive locks (previously, they were slower by 10x to 15x). - Issue #7282: Fix a memory leak when an RLock was used in a thread other than those started through `threading.Thread` (for example, using `_thread.start_new_thread()`). - Issue #7187: Importlib would not silence the IOError raised when trying to write new bytecode when it was made read-only. - Issue #7264: Fix a possible deadlock when deallocating thread-local objects which are part of a reference cycle. - Issue #7211: Allow 64-bit values for the `ident` and `data` fields of kevent objects on 64-bit systems. Patch by Michael Broghton. - Issue #6896: mailbox.Maildir now invalidates its internal cache each time a modification is done through it. This fixes inconsistencies and test failures on systems with slightly bogus mtime behaviour. - Issue #7246 & Issue #7208: getpass now properly flushes input before reading from stdin so that existing input does not confuse it and lead to incorrect entry or an IOError. It also properly flushes it afterwards to avoid the terminal echoing the input afterwards on OSes such as Solaris. - Issue #7233: Fix a number of two-argument Decimal methods to make sure that they accept an int or long as the second argument. Also fix buggy handling of large arguments (those with coefficient longer than the current precision) in shift and rotate. - Issue #4750: Store the basename of the original filename in the gzip FNAME header as required by RFC 1952. - Issue #1180: Added a new global option to ignore ~/.pydistutils.cfg in Distutils. - Issue #7218: Fix test_site for win32, the directory comparison was done with an uppercase. - Issue #7205: Fix a possible deadlock when using a BZ2File object from several threads at once. - Issue #7077: logging: SysLogHandler now treats Unicode as per RFC 5424. - Issue #7099: Decimal.is_normal now returns True for numbers with exponent larger than emax. - Issue #7080: locale.strxfrm() raises a MemoryError on 64-bit non-Windows platforms, and assorted locale fixes by Derk Drukker. - Issue #5833: Fix extra space character in readline completion with the GNU readline library version 6.0. - Issue #6894: Fixed the issue urllib2 doesn't respect "no_proxy" environment. - Issue #7086: Added TCP support to SysLogHandler, and tidied up some anachronisms in the code which were a relic of 1.5.2 compatibility. - Issue #7082: When falling back to the MIME 'name' parameter, the correct place to look for it is the Content-Type header. - Make tokenize.detect_coding() normalize utf-8 and iso-8859-1 variants like the builtin tokenizer. - Issue #7048: Force Decimal.logb to round its result when that result is too large to fit in the current precision. - Issue #6236, #6348: Fix various failures in the I/O library under AIX and other platforms, when using a non-gcc compiler. Patch by Derk Drukker. - Issue #4606: Passing 'None' if ctypes argtype is set to POINTER(...) does now always result in NULL. - Issue #5042: Structure sub-subclass does now initialize correctly with base class positional arguments. - Issue #6882: Import uuid creates zombies processes. - Issue #6635: Fix profiler printing usage message. - Issue #6856: Add a filter keyword argument to TarFile.add(). - Issue #6888: pdb's alias command was broken when no arguments were given. - Issue #6857: Default format() alignment should be '>' for Decimal instances. - Issue #6795: int(Decimal('nan')) now raises ValueError instead of returning NaN or raising InvalidContext. Also, fix infinite recursion in long(Decimal('nan')). - Issue #6850: Fix bug in Decimal._parse_format_specifier for formats with no type specifier. - Issue #6239: ctypes.c_char_p return value must return bytes. - Issue #6838: Use a list to accumulate the value instead of repeatedly concatenating strings in http.client's HTTPResponse._read_chunked providing a significant speed increase when downloading large files servend with a Transfer-Encoding of 'chunked'. - Trying to import a submodule from a module that is not a package, ImportError should be raised, not AttributeError. - When the globals past to importlib.__import__() has __package__ set to None, fall back to computing what __package__ should be instead of giving up. - Raise a TypeError when the name of a module to be imported for importlib.__import__ is not a string (was raising an AttributeError before). - Allow the fromlist passed into importlib.__import__ to be any iterable. - Have importlib raise ImportError if None is found in sys.modules. - Issue #6054: Do not normalize stored pathnames in tarfile. - Issue #6794: Fix Decimal.compare_total and Decimal.compare_total_mag: NaN payloads are now ordered by integer value rather than lexicographically. - Issue #1356969: Add missing info methods in tix.HList. - Issue #1522587: New constants and methods for the tix.Grid widget. - Issue #1250469: Fix the return value of tix.PanedWindow.panes. - Issue #1119673: Do not override tkinter.Text methods when creating a ScrolledText. - Issue #6665: Fix fnmatch to properly match filenames with newlines in them. - Issue #1135: Add the XView and YView mix-ins to avoid duplicating the xview* and yview* methods. - Issue #6629: Fix a data corruption issue in the new I/O library, which could occur when writing to a BufferedRandom object (e.g. a file opened in "rb+" or "wb+" mode) after having buffered a certain amount of data for reading. This bug was not present in the pure Python implementation. - Issue #6622: Fix "local variable 'secret' referenced before assignment" bug in POP3.apop. - Issue #2715: Remove remnants of Carbon.File from binhex module. - Issue #6595: The Decimal constructor now allows arbitrary Unicode decimal digits in input, as recommended by the standard. Previously it was restricted to accepting [0-9]. - Issue #6106: telnetlib.Telnet.process_rawq doesn't handle default WILL/WONT DO/DONT correctly. - Issue #1424152: Fix for http.client, urllib.request to support SSL while working through proxy. Original patch by Christopher Li, changes made by Senthil Kumaran. - Add importlib.abc.ExecutionLoader to represent the PEP 302 protocol for loaders that allow for modules to be executed. Both importlib.abc.PyLoader and PyPycLoader inherit from this class and provide implementations in relation to other methods required by the ABCs. - importlib.abc.PyLoader did not inherit from importlib.abc.ResourceLoader like the documentation said it did even though the code in PyLoader relied on the abstract method required by ResourceLoader. - Issue #6431: Make Fraction type return NotImplemented when it doesn't know how to handle a comparison without loss of precision. Also add correct handling of infinities and nans for comparisons with float. - Issue #6415: Fixed warnings.warn segfault on bad formatted string. - Issue #6358: The exit status of a command started with os.popen() was reported differently than it did with python 2.x. - Issue #6323: The pdb debugger did not exit when running a script with a syntax error. - Issue #3392: The subprocess communicate() method no longer fails in select() when file descriptors are large; communicate() now uses poll() when possible. - Issue #6369: Fix an RLE decompression bug in the binhex module. - Issue #6344: Fixed a crash of mmap.read() when passed a negative argument. - The deprecated function string.maketrans has been removed. - Issue #4005: Fixed a crash of pydoc when there was a zip file present in sys.path. - Issue #6218: io.StringIO and io.BytesIO instances are now picklable. - The os.get_exec_path() function to return the list of directories that will be searched for an executable when launching a subprocess was added. - Issue #7481: When a threading.Thread failed to start it would leave the instance stuck in initial state and present in threading.enumerate(). - Issue #1068268: The subprocess module now handles EINTR in internal os.waitpid and os.read system calls where appropriate. - Issue #6729: Added ctypes.c_ssize_t to represent ssize_t. - Issue #6247: The argparse module has been added to the standard library. - Issue #8235: _socket: Add the constant ``SO_SETFIB``. SO_SETFIB is a socket option available on FreeBSD 7.1 and newer. - Issue #9315: Fix for the trace module to record correct class name for tracing methods. Extension Modules ----------------- - Issue #9959: Tweak formula used for computing math.log of an integer, making it marginally more accurate for exact powers of 2. - Issue #9422: Fix memory leak when re-initializing a struct.Struct object. - Issue #7900: The getgroups(2) system call on MacOSX behaves rather oddly compared to other unix systems. In particular, os.getgroups() does not reflect any changes made using os.setgroups() but basicly always returns the same information as the id command. os.getgroups() can now return more than 16 groups on MacOSX. - Issue #6095: Make directory argument to os.listdir optional. - Issue #9277: Fix bug in struct.pack for bools in standard mode (e.g., struct.pack('>?')): if conversion to bool raised an exception then that exception wasn't properly propagated on machines where char is unsigned. - Issue #5180: Fixed a bug that prevented loading 2.x pickles in 3.x python when they contain instances of old-style classes. - Issue #9165: Add new functions math.isfinite and cmath.isfinite, to accompany existing isinf and isnan functions. - Issue #1578269: Implement os.symlink for Windows 6.0+. Patch by Jason R. Coombs. - In struct.pack, correctly propogate exceptions from computing the truth of an object in the '?' format. - Issue #9000: datetime.timezone objects now have eval-friendly repr. - In the math module, correctly lookup __trunc__, __ceil__, and __floor__ as special methods. - Issue #9005: Prevent utctimetuple() from producing year 0 or year 10,000. Prior to this change, timezone adjustment in utctimetuple() could produce tm_year value of 0 or 10,000. Now an OverflowError is raised in these edge cases. - Issue #6641: The ``datetime.strptime`` method now supports the ``%z`` directive. When the ``%z`` directive is present in the format string, an aware ``datetime`` object is returned with ``tzinfo`` bound to a ``datetime.timezone`` instance constructed from the parsed offset. If both ``%z`` and ``%Z`` are present, the data in ``%Z`` field is used for timezone name, but ``%Z`` data without ``%z`` is discarded. - Issue #5094: The ``datetime`` module now has a simple concrete class implementing ``datetime.tzinfo`` interface. Instances of the new class, ``datetime.timezone``, return fixed name and UTC offset from their ``tzname(dt)`` and ``utcoffset(dt)`` methods. The ``dst(dt)`` method always returns ``None``. A class attribute, ``utc`` contains an instance representing the UTC timezone. Original patch by Rafe Kaplan. - Issue #8973: Add __all__ to struct module; this ensures that help(struct) includes documentation for the struct.Struct class. - Issue #3129: Trailing digits in struct format string are no longer ignored. For example, "1" or "ilib123" are now invalid formats and cause ``struct.error`` to be raised. Patch by Caleb Deveraux. - Issue #7384: If the system readline library is linked against ncurses, the curses module must be linked against ncurses as well. Otherwise it is not safe to load both the readline and curses modules in an application. - Issue #2810: Fix cases where the Windows registry API returns ERROR_MORE_DATA, requiring a re-try in order to get the complete result. - Issue #8692: Optimize math.factorial: replace the previous naive algorithm with an improved 'binary-split' algorithm that uses fewer multiplications and allows many of the multiplications to be performed using plain C integer arithmetic instead of PyLong arithmetic. Also uses a lookup table for small arguments. - Issue #8674: Fixed a number of incorrect or undefined-behaviour-inducing overflow checks in the audioop module. - Issue #8644: The accuracy of td.total_seconds() has been improved (by calculating with integer arithmetic instead of float arithmetic internally): the result is now always correctly rounded, and is equivalent to ``td / timedelta(seconds=1)``. - Issue #2706: Allow division of a timedelta by another timedelta: timedelta / timedelta, timedelta % timedelta, timedelta // timedelta and divmod(timedelta, timedelta) are all supported. - Issue #8314: Fix unsigned long long bug in libffi on Sparc v8. - Issue #8300: When passing a non-integer argument to struct.pack with any integer format code, struct.pack first attempts to convert the non-integer using its __index__ method. If that method is non-existent or raises TypeError it goes on to try the __int__ method, as described below. - Issue #8142: Update libffi to the 3.0.9 release. - Issue #6949: Allow the _dbm extension to be built with db 4.8.x. - Issue #6544: Fix a reference leak in the kqueue implementation's error handling. - Stop providing crtassem.h symbols when compiling with Visual Studio 2010, as msvcr100.dll is not a platform assembly anymore. - Issue #6508: Add posix.{getresuid,getresgid,setresuid,setresgid}. - Issue #7078: Set struct.__doc__ from _struct.__doc__. - Issue #3366: Add erf, erfc, expm1, gamma, lgamma functions to math module. - Issue #6877: It is now possible to link the readline extension to the libedit readline emulation on OSX 10.5 or later. - Issue #6848: Fix curses module build failure on OS X 10.6. - Fix a segfault that could be triggered by expat with specially formed input. - Issue #6561: '\d' in a regex now matches only characters with Unicode category 'Nd' (Number, Decimal Digit). Previously it also matched characters with category 'No'. - Issue #4509: Array objects are no longer modified after an operation failing due to the resize restriction in-place when the object has exported buffers. - Issue #2389: Array objects are now pickled in a portable manner. - Expat: Fix DoS via XML document with malformed UTF-8 sequences (CVE_2009_3560). - Issue #7242: On Solaris 9 and earlier calling os.fork() from within a thread could raise an incorrect RuntimeError about not holding the import lock. The import lock is now reinitialized after fork. - Issue #7999: os.setreuid() and os.setregid() would refuse to accept a -1 parameter on some platforms such as OS X. - Build the ossaudio extension on GNU/kFreeBSD. - Issue #7347: winreg: Add CreateKeyEx and DeleteKeyEx, as well as fix a bug in the return value of QueryReflectionKey. - Issue #7567: PyCurses_setupterm: Don't call ``setupterm`` twice. Build ----- - Use OpenSSL 1.0.0a on Windows. - Issue #9280: Make sharedinstall depend on sharedmods. - Issue #9189: Make a user-specified CFLAGS, CPPFLAGS, or LDFLAGS setting override the configure and makefile defaults, without deleting options the user didn't intend to override. Developers should no longer need to specify OPT or EXTRA_CFLAGS, although those variables are still present for backward-compatibility. - Issue #8854: Fix finding Visual Studio 2008 on Windows x64. - Issue #1759169, #8864: Drop _XOPEN_SOURCE on Solaris, define it for multiprocessing only. - Issue #8625: Turn off optimization in --with-pydebug builds with gcc. (Optimization was unintentionally turned on in gcc --with-pydebug builds as a result of the issue #1628484 fix, combined with autoconf's strange choice of default CFLAGS produced by AC_PROG_CC for gcc.) - Issue #3646: It is now easily possible to install a Python framework into your home directory on MacOSX, see Mac/README for more information. - Issue #3928: os.mknod() now available in Solaris, also. - Issue #3326: Build Python without -fno-strict-aliasing when the gcc does not give false warnings. - Issue #1628484: The Makefile doesn't ignore the CFLAGS environment variable anymore. It also forwards the LDFLAGS settings to the linker when building a shared library. - Issue #6716: Quote -x arguments of compileall in MSI installer. Exclude 2to3 tests from compileall. - Issue #3920, #7903: Define _BSD_SOURCE on OpenBSD 4.4 through 4.9. - Issue #7632: When Py_USING_MEMORY_DEBUGGER is defined, disable the private memory allocation scheme in dtoa.c and use PyMem_Malloc and PyMem_Free instead. Also disable caching of powers of 5. - Issue #6491: Allow --with-dbmliborder to specify that no dbms will be built. - Issue #6943: Use pkg-config to find the libffi headers when the --with-system-ffi flag is used. - Issue #7609: Add a --with-system-expat option that causes the system's expat library to be used for the pyexpat module instead of the one included with Python. - Issue #7589: Only build the nis module when the correct header files are found. - Switch to OpenSSL 0.9.8l and sqlite 3.6.21 on Windows. - Issue #5792: Extend the short float repr support to x86 systems using icc or suncc. - Issue #6603: Change READ_TIMESTAMP macro in ceval.c so that it compiles correctly under gcc on x86-64. This fixes a reported problem with the --with-tsc build on x86-64. - Issue #6802: Fix build issues on MacOSX 10.6. - Issue #6244: Allow detect_tkinter to look for Tcl/Tk 8.6. - Issue #4601: 'make install' did not set the appropriate permissions on directories. - Issue #5390: Add uninstall icon independent of whether file extensions are installed. - Issue #7541: When using ``python-config`` with a framework install the compiler might use the wrong library. - python-config now supports multiple options on the same command line. - Issue #8509: Fix quoting in help strings and code snippets in configure.in. - Issue #8510: Update to autoconf2.65. Documentation ------------- - Issue #9817: Add expat COPYING file; add expat, libffi and expat licenses to Doc/license.rst. - Issue #9524: Document that two CTRL* signals are meant for use only with os.kill. - Issue #9255: Document that the 'test' package is meant for internal Python use only. - A small WSGI server was added as Tools/scripts/serve.py, and is used to implement a local documentation server via 'make serve' in the doc directory. - Updating `Using Python` documentation to include description of CPython's -J and -X options. - Document that importing a module that has None in sys.modules triggers an ImportError. - Issue #6556: Fixed the Distutils configuration files location explanation for Windows. - Update python manual page (options -B, -O0, -s, environment variables PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE, PYTHONNOUSERSITE). - Issue #8909: Added the size of the bitmap used in the installer created by distutils' bdist_wininst. Patch by Anatoly Techtonik. Tests ----- - Issue #9251: test_threaded_import didn't fail when run through regrtest if the import lock was disabled. - Issue #8605: Skip test_gdb if Python is compiled with optimizations. - Issue #7449: Skip test_socketserver if threading support is disabled. - Issue #8672: Add a zlib test ensuring that an incomplete stream can be handled by a decompressor object without errors (it returns incomplete uncompressed data). - Issue #8533: regrtest uses backslashreplace error handler for stdout to avoid UnicodeEncodeError (write non-ASCII character to stdout using ASCII encoding). - Issue #8576: Remove use of find_unused_port() in test_smtplib and test_multiprocessing. Patch by Paul Moore. - Issue #7449: Fix many tests to support Python compiled without thread support. Patches written by Jerry Seutter. - Issue #8108: test_ftplib's non-blocking SSL server now has proper handling of SSL shutdowns. - Issues #8279, #8330, #8437, #8480, #8495: Fix test_gdb failures, patch written by Dave Malcolm. - Issue #3864: Skip three test_signal tests on freebsd6 because they fail if any thread was previously started, most likely due to a platform bug. - Issue #8193: Fix test_zlib failure with zlib 1.2.4. - Issue #8248: Add some tests for the bool type. Patch by Gregory Nofi. - Issue #8263: Now regrtest.py will report a failure if it receives a KeyboardInterrupt (SIGINT). - Issue #8180 and #8207: Fix test_pep277 on OS X and add more tests for special Unicode normalization cases. - Issue #7783: test.support.open_urlresource invalidates the outdated files from the local cache. - Issue #7849: Now the utility ``check_warnings`` verifies if the warnings are effectively raised. - The four path modules (genericpath, macpath, ntpath, posixpath) share a common TestCase for some tests: test_genericpath.CommonTest. - Print platform information when running the whole test suite, or using the --verbose flag. - Issue #767675: enable test_pep277 on POSIX platforms with Unicode-friendly filesystem encoding. - Issue #6292: for the moment at least, the test suite runs cleanly if python is run with the -OO flag. Tests requiring docstrings are skipped. - Issue #7712: test.support gained a new `temp_cwd` context manager which is now also used by regrtest to run all the tests in a temporary directory. The original CWD is saved in `support.SAVEDCWD`. Thanks to Florent Xicluna who helped with the patch. - Issue #7924: Fix an intermittent 'XXX undetected error' failure in test_capi (only seen so far on platforms where the curses module wasn't built), due to an uncleared exception. - Issue #7728: test_timeout was changed to use support.bind_port instead of a hard coded port. - Issue #7376: Instead of running a self-test (which was failing) when called with no arguments, doctest.py now gives a usage message. - Issue #7396: fix regrtest -s, which was broken by the -j enhancement. - Issue #7498: test_multiprocessing now uses test.support.find_unused_port instead of a hardcoded port number in test_rapid_restart. - Issue #7431: Use TESTFN in test_linecache instead of trying to create a file in the Lib/test directory, which might be read-only for the user running the tests. - Issue #7324: Add a sanity check to regrtest argument parsing to catch the case of an option with no handler. - Issue #7312: Add a -F flag to run the selected tests in a loop until a test fails. Can be combined with -j. - Issue #6551: test_zipimport could import and then destroy some modules of the encodings package, which would make other tests fail further down the road because the internally cached encoders and decoders would point to empty global variables. - Issue #7295: Do not use a hardcoded file name in test_tarfile. - Issue #7270: Add some dedicated unit tests for multi-thread synchronization primitives such as Lock, RLock, Condition, Event and Semaphore. - Issue #7248 (part 2): Use a unique temporary directory for importlib source tests instead of tempfile.tempdir. This prevents the tests from sharing state between concurrent executions on the same system. - Issue #7248: In importlib.test.source.util a try/finally block did not make sure that some referenced objects actually were created in the block before calling methods on the object. - Issue #7222: Make thread "reaping" more reliable so that reference leak-chasing test runs give sensible results. The previous method of reaping threads could return successfully while some Thread objects were still referenced. This also introduces a new private function: :func:`_thread._count()`. - Issue #7151: Fixed regrtest -j so that output to stderr from a test no longer runs the risk of causing the worker thread to fail. - Issue #7055: test___all__ now greedily detects all modules which have an __all__ attribute, rather than using a hardcoded and incomplete list. - Issue #7058: Added save/restore for things like sys.argv and cwd to runtest_inner in regrtest, with warnings if the called test modifies them, and a new section in the summary report at the end. - Issue #7042: Fix test_signal (test_itimer_virtual) failure on OS X 10.6. - Fixed tests in importlib.test.source.test_abc_loader that were masking the proper exceptions that should be raised for missing or improper code object bytecode. - Removed importlib's custom test discovery code and switched to unittest.TestLoader.discover(). Tools/Demos ----------- - Issue #5464, #8974: Implement plural forms in msgfmt.py. - iobench (a file I/O benchmark) and ccbench (a concurrency benchmark) were added to the `Tools/` directory. They were previously living in the sandbox. What's New in Python 3.1? ========================= *Release date: 27-June-2009* Core and Builtins ----------------- - Issue #6334: Fix bug in range length calculation for ranges with large arguments. - Issue #6329: Fixed iteration for memoryview objects (it was being blocked because it wasn't recognized as a sequence). Library ------- - Issue #6126: Fixed pdb command-line usage. - Issue #6314: logging: performs extra checks on the "level" argument. - Issue #6274: Fixed possible file descriptors leak in subprocess.py - Accessing io.StringIO.buffer now raises an AttributeError instead of io.UnsupportedOperation. - Issue #6271: mmap tried to close invalid file handle (-1) when anonymous. (On Unix) - Issue #1202: zipfile module would cause a struct.error when attempting to store files with a CRC32 > 2**31-1. Extension Modules ----------------- - Issue #5590: Remove unused global variable in pyexpat extension. What's New in Python 3.1 Release Candidate 2? ============================================= *Release date: 13-June-2009* Core and Builtins ----------------- - Fixed SystemError triggered by "range([], 1, -1)". - Issue #5924: On Windows, a large PYTHONPATH environment variable (more than 255 characters) would be completely ignored. - Issue #4547: When debugging a very large function, it was not always possible to update the lineno attribute of the current frame. - Issue #5330: C functions called with keyword arguments were not reported by the various profiling modules (profile, cProfile). Patch by Hagen Fürstenau. Library ------- - Issue #6438: Fixed distutils.cygwinccompiler.get_versions : the regular expression string pattern was trying to match against a bytes returned by Popen. Tested under win32 to build the py-postgresql project. - Issue #6258: Support AMD64 in bdist_msi. - Issue #6195: fixed doctest to no longer try to read 'source' data from binary files. - Issue #5262: Fixed bug in next rollover time computation in TimedRotatingFileHandler. - Issue #6217: The C implementation of io.TextIOWrapper didn't include the errors property. Additionally, the errors and encoding properties of StringIO are always None now. - Issue #6137: The pickle module now translates module names when loading or dumping pickles with a 2.x-compatible protocol, in order to make data sharing and migration easier. This behaviour can be disabled using the new `fix_imports` optional argument. - Removed the ipaddr module. - Issue #3613: base64.{encode,decode}string are now called base64.{encode,decode}bytes which reflects what type they accept and return. The old names are still there as deprecated aliases. - Issue #5767: Remove sgmlop support from xmlrpc.client. - Issue #6150: Fix test_unicode on wide-unicode builds. - Issue #6149: Fix initialization of WeakValueDictionary objects from non-empty parameters. Windows ------- - Issue #6221: Delete test registry key before running the test. - Issue #6158: Package Sine-1000Hz-300ms.aif in MSI file. C-API ----- - Issue #5735: Python compiled with --with-pydebug should throw an ImportError when trying to import modules compiled without --with-pydebug, and vice-versa. Build ----- - Issue #6154: Make sure the intl library is added to LIBS if needed. Also added LIBS to OS X framework builds. - Issue #5809: Specifying both --enable-framework and --enable-shared is an error. Configure now explicity tells you about this. What's New in Python 3.1 release candidate 1? ============================================= *Release date: 2009-05-30* Core and Builtins ----------------- - Issue #6097: Escape UTF-8 surrogates resulting from mbstocs conversion of the command line. - Issue #6012: Add cleanup support to O& argument parsing. - Issue #6089: Fixed str.format with certain invalid field specifiers that would raise SystemError. - Issue #5982: staticmethod and classmethod now expose the wrapped function with __func__. - Added support for multiple context managers in the same with-statement. Deprecated contextlib.nested() which is no longer needed. - Issue #5829: complex("1e500") no longer raises OverflowError. This makes it consistent with float("1e500") and interpretation of real and imaginary literals. - Issue #3527: Removed Py_WIN_WIDE_FILENAMES which is not used any more. - Issue #5994: the marshal module now has docstrings. - Issue #5981: Fix three minor inf/nan issues in float.fromhex: (1) inf and nan strings with trailing whitespace were incorrectly rejected; (2) parsing of strings representing infinities and nans was locale aware; and (3) the interpretation of fromhex('-nan') didn't match that of float('-nan'). Library ------- - Issue #4859: Implement PEP 383 for pwd, spwd, and grp. - smtplib 'login' and 'cram-md5' login are also fixed (see Issue #5259). - Issue #6121: pydoc now ignores leading and trailing spaces in the argument to the 'help' function. - Issue #6118: urllib.parse.quote_plus ignored the encoding and errors arguments for strings with a space in them. - collections.namedtuple() was not working with the following field names: cls, self, tuple, itemgetter, and property. - In unittest, using a skipping decorator on a class is now equivalent to skipping every test on the class. The ClassTestSuite class has been removed. - Issue #6050: Don't fail extracting a directory from a zipfile if the directory already exists. - Issue #1309352: fcntl now converts its third arguments to a C `long` rather than an int, which makes some operations possible under 64-bit Linux (e.g. DN_MULTISHOT with F_NOTIFY). - Issue #5761: Add the name of the underlying file to the repr() of various IO objects. - Issue #5259: smtplib plain auth login no longer gives a traceback. Fix by Musashi Tamura, tests by Marcin Bachry. - Issue #1983: Fix functions taking or returning a process identifier to use the dedicated C type ``pid_t`` instead of a C ``int``. Some platforms have a process identifier type wider than the standard C integer type. - Issue #4066: smtplib.SMTP_SSL._get_socket now correctly returns the socket. Patch by Farhan Ahmad, test by Marcin Bachry. - Issue #2116: Weak references and weak dictionaries now support copy()ing and deepcopy()ing. - Issue #1655: Make imaplib IPv6-capable. Patch by Derek Morr. - Issue #5918: Fix a crash in the parser module. - Issue #1664: Make nntplib IPv6-capable. Patch by Derek Morr. - Issue #5006: Better handling of unicode byte-order marks (BOM) in the io library. This means, for example, that opening an UTF-16 text file in append mode doesn't add a BOM at the end of the file if the file isn't empty. - Issue #4050: inspect.findsource/getsource now raise an IOError if the 'source' file is a binary. Patch by Brodie Rao, tests by Daniel Diniz. This fix corrects a pydoc regression. - Issue #5955: aifc's close method did not close the file it wrapped, now it does. This also means getfp method now returns the real fp. Installation ------------ - Issue #6047: fullinstall has been removed because Python 3's executable will now be known as python3. - Lib/smtpd.py is no longer installed as a script. Extension Modules ----------------- - Issue #3061: Use wcsftime for time.strftime where available. - Issue #4873: Fix resource leaks in error cases of pwd and grp. - Issue #6093: Fix off-by-one error in locale.strxfrm. - The _functools and _locale modules are now built into the libpython shared library instead of as extension modules. Build ----- - Issue #3585: Add pkg-config support. It creates a python-2.7.pc file and a python3.pc symlink in the $(LIBDIR)/pkgconfig directory. Patch by Clinton Roy. Tests ----- - Issue #5442: Tests for importlib were not properly skipping case-sensitivity tests on darwin even when the OS was installed on a case-sensitive filesystem. Also fixed tests that should not be run when sys.dont_write_bytecode is true. What's New in Python 3.1 beta 1? ================================ *Release date: 2009-05-06* Core and Builtins ----------------- - Issue #5914: Add new C API function PyOS_string_to_double, and deprecate PyOS_ascii_strtod and PyOS_ascii_atof. - Issue #3382: float.__format__, complex.__format__, and %-formatting no longer map 'F' to 'f'. Because of issue #5859 (below), this only affects nan -> NAN and inf -> INF. - Issue #5799: ntpath (ie, os.path on Windows) fully supports UNC pathnames in all operations, including splitdrive, split, etc. splitunc() now issues a PendingDeprecation warning. - Issue #5920: For float.__format__, change the behavior with the empty presentation type (that is, not one of 'e', 'f', 'g', or 'n') to be like 'g' but with at least one decimal point and with a default precision of 12. Previously, the behavior the same but with a default precision of 6. This more closely matches str(), and reduces surprises when adding alignment flags to the empty presentation type. This also affects the new complex.__format__ in the same way. - Implement PEP 383, Non-decodable Bytes in System Character Interfaces. - Issue #5890: in subclasses of 'property' the __doc__ attribute was shadowed by classtype's, even if it was None. property now inserts the __doc__ into the subclass instance __dict__. - Issue #4426: The UTF-7 decoder was too strict and didn't accept some legal sequences. Patch by Nick Barnes and Victor Stinner. - Issue #3672: Reject surrogates in utf-8 codec; add surrogatepass error handler. - Issue #5883: In the io module, the BufferedIOBase and TextIOBase ABCs have received a new method, detach(). detach() disconnects the underlying stream from the buffer or text IO and returns it. - Issue #5859: Remove switch from '%f' to '%g'-style formatting for floats with absolute value over 1e50. Also remove length restrictions for float formatting: '%.67f' % 12.34 and '%.120e' % 12.34 no longer raise an exception. - Issue #1588: Add complex.__format__. For example, format(complex(1, 2./3), '.5') now produces a sensible result. - Issue #5864: Fix empty format code formatting for floats so that it never gives more than the requested number of significant digits. - Issue #5793: Rationalize isdigit / isalpha / tolower, etc. Includes new Py_ISDIGIT / Py_ISALPHA / Py_TOLOWER, etc. in pctypes.h. - Issue #5835: Deprecate PyOS_ascii_formatd. - Issue #4971: Fix titlecase for characters that are their own titlecase, but not their own uppercase. - Issue #5283: Setting __class__ in __del__ caused a segfault. - Issue #5816: complex(repr(z)) now recovers z exactly, even when z involves nans, infs or negative zeros. - Issue #3166: Make int -> float conversions correctly rounded. - Issue #1869 (and many duplicates): make round(x, n) correctly rounded for a float x, by using the decimal <-> binary conversions from Python/dtoa.c. As a consequence, (e.g.) round(x, 2) now consistently agrees with format(x, '.2f'). - Issue #5787: object.__getattribute__(some_type, "__bases__") segfaulted on some builtin types. - Issue #5772: format(1e100, '<') produces '1e+100', not '1.0e+100'. - Issue #5515: str.format() type 'n' combined with commas and leading zeros no longer gives odd results with ints and floats. - Implement PEP 378, Format Specifier for Thousands Separator, for floats. - The str function switches to exponential notation at 1e11, not 1e12. This avoids printing 13 significant digits in situations where only 12 of them are correct. Example problem value: str(1e11 + 0.5). (This minor issue has existed in 2.x for a long time.) - Issue #1580: On most platforms, use a 'short' float repr: for a finite float x, repr(x) now outputs a string based on the shortest sequence of decimal digits that rounds to x. Previous behaviour was to output 17 significant digits and then strip trailing zeros. Another minor difference is that the new repr switches to exponential notation at 1e16 instead of the previous 1e17; this avoids misleading output in some cases. There's a new sys attribute sys.float_repr_style, which takes the value 'short' to indicate that we're using short float repr, and 'legacy' if the short float repr isn't available for one reason or another. The float repr change involves incorporating David Gay's 'perfect rounding' code into the Python core (it's in Python/dtoa.c). As a secondary consequence, all string-to-float and float-to-string conversions (including all float formatting operations) will be correctly rounded on these platforms. See issue #1580 discussions for details of platforms for which this change does not apply. - Issue #5759: float() didn't call __float__ on str subclasses. - The string.maketrans() function is deprecated; there is a new static method maketrans() on the bytes and bytearray classes. This removes confusion about the types string.maketrans() is supposed to work with, and mirrors the methods available on the str class. - Issue #2170: refactored xml.dom.minidom.normalize, increasing both its clarity and its speed. - Issue #1113244: Py_XINCREF, Py_DECREF, Py_XDECREF: Add ``do { ... } while (0)`` to avoid compiler warnings. - Issue #3739: The unicode-internal encoder now reports the number of characters consumed like any other encoder (instead of the number of bytes). Installation ------------ - Issue #5756: Install idle and pydoc with a 3 suffix. Library ------- - Issue #8203: Fix IDLE Credits dialog: view_file() uses its encoding argument. - Issue #5311: bdist_msi can now build packages that do not depend on a specific Python version. - Issue #5150: IDLE's format menu now has an option to strip trailing whitespace. - Issue #5940: distutils.command.build_clib.check_library_list was not doing the right type checkings anymore. - Issue #4875: On win32, ctypes.util.find_library does no longer return directories. - Issue #5142: Add the ability to skip modules while stepping to pdb. - Issue #1309567: Fix linecache behavior of stripping subdirectories when looking for files given by a relative filename. - Issue #5923: Update the ``turtle`` module to version 1.1, add two new turtle demos in Demo/turtle. - Issue #5692: In :class:`zipfile.Zipfile`, fix wrong path calculation when extracting a file to the root directory. - Issue #5913: os.listdir() should fail for empty path on windows. - Issue #5084: unpickling now interns the attribute names of pickled objects, saving memory and avoiding growth in size of subsequent pickles. Proposal and original patch by Jake McGuire. - The json module now works exclusively with str and not bytes. - Issue #3959: The ipaddr module has been added to the standard library. Contributed by Google. - Issue #3002: ``shutil.copyfile()`` and ``shutil.copytree()`` now raise an error when a named pipe is encountered, rather than blocking infinitely. - Issue #5857: tokenize.tokenize() now returns named tuples. - Issue #4305: ctypes should now build again on mipsel-linux-gnu - Issue #1734234: Massively speedup ``unicodedata.normalize()`` when the string is already in normalized form, by performing a quick check beforehand. Original patch by Rauli Ruohonen. - Issue #5853: calling a function of the mimetypes module from several threads at once could hit the recursion limit if the mimetypes database hadn't been initialized before. - Issue #5854: Updated __all__ to include some missing names and remove some names which should not be exported. - Issue #3102: All global symbols that the _ctypes extension defines are now prefixed with 'Py' or '_ctypes'. - Issue #5041: ctypes does now allow pickling wide character. - Issue #5812: For the two-argument form of the Fraction constructor, Fraction(m, n), m and n are permitted to be arbitrary Rational instances. - Issue #5812: Fraction('1e6') is valid: more generally, any string that's valid for float() is now valid for Fraction(), with the exception of strings representing NaNs and infinities. - Issue #5734: BufferedRWPair was poorly tested and had several glaring bugs. Patch by Brian Quinlan. - Issue #1161031: fix readwrite select flag handling: POLLPRI now results in a handle_expt_event call, not handle_read_event, and POLLERR and POLLNVAL now call handle_close, not handle_expt_event. Also, dispatcher now has an 'ignore_log_types' attribute for suppressing log messages, which is set to 'warning' by default. - Issue #2703: SimpleXMLRPCDispatcher.__init__: Provide default values for new arguments introduced in 2.5. - Issue #5828 (Invalid behavior of unicode.lower): Fixed bogus logic in makeunicodedata.py and regenerated the Unicode database (This fixes u'\u1d79'.lower() == '\x00'). Extension Modules ----------------- - Issue #5881: Remove old undocumented compatibility interfaces in hashlib and pwd. - Issue #5463: In struct module, remove deprecated float coercion for integer type codes: struct.pack('L', 0.3) should now raise an error. The _PY_STRUCT_FLOAT_COERCE constant has been removed. The version number has been bumped to 0.3. - Issue #5359: Readd the Berkeley DB detection code to allow _dbm be built using Berkeley DB. Tests ----- - Issue #5354: New test support function import_fresh_module() makes it easy to import both normal and optimised versions of modules. test_heapq and test_warnings have been adjusted to use it, tests for other modules with both C and Python implementations in the stdlib can be adjusted to use it over time. - Issue #5837: Certain sequences of calls to set() and unset() for support.EnvironmentVarGuard objects restored the environment variables incorrectly on __exit__. C-API ----- - Issue #5630: A replacement PyCObject API, PyCapsule, has been added. What's New in Python 3.1 alpha 2? ================================= *Release date: 2009-4-4* Core and Builtins ----------------- - Implement PEP 378, Format Specifier for Thousands Separator, for integers. - Issue #5666: Py_BuildValue's 'c' code should create byte strings. - Issue #5499: The 'c' code for argument parsing functions now only accepts a byte, and the 'C' code only accepts a unicode character. - Fix a problem in PyErr_NormalizeException that leads to "undetected errors" when hitting the recursion limit under certain circumstances. - Issue #1665206: Remove the last eager import in _warnings.c and make it lazy. - Fix a segfault when running test_exceptions with coverage, caused by insufficient checks in accessors of Exception.__context__. - Issue #5604: non-ASCII characters in module name passed to imp.find_module() were converted to UTF-8 while the path is converted to the default filesystem encoding, causing nonsense. - Issue #5126: str.isprintable() returned False for space characters. - Issue #4865: On MacOSX /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages is added to the end sys.path, for compatibility with the system install of Python. - Issue #4688: Add a heuristic so that tuples and dicts containing only untrackable objects are not tracked by the garbage collector. This can reduce the size of collections and therefore the garbage collection overhead on long-running programs, depending on their particular use of datatypes. - Issue #5512: Rewrite PyLong long division algorithm (x_divrem) to improve its performance. Long divisions and remainder operations are now between 50% and 150% faster. - Issue #4258: Make it possible to use base 2**30 instead of base 2**15 for the internal representation of integers, for performance reasons. Base 2**30 is enabled by default on 64-bit machines. Add --enable-big-digits option to configure, which overrides the default. Add sys.int_info structseq to provide information about the internal format. - Issue #4474: PyUnicode_FromWideChar now converts characters outside the BMP to surrogate pairs, on systems with sizeof(wchar_t) == 4 and sizeof(Py_UNICODE) == 2. - Issue #5237: Allow auto-numbered fields in str.format(). For example: '{} {}'.format(1, 2) == '1 2'. - Issue #5392: when a very low recursion limit was set, the interpreter would abort with a fatal error after the recursion limit was hit twice. - Issue #3845: In PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags avoid invalid memory access with short file names. Library ------- - Issue #2625: added missing items() call to the for loop in mailbox.MH.get_message(). - Issue #5640: Fix _multibytecodec so that CJK codecs don't repeat error substitutions from non-strict codec error callbacks in incrementalencoder and StreamWriter. - Issue #5656: Fix the coverage reporting when running the test suite with the -T argument. - Issue #5647: MutableSet.__iand__() no longer mutates self during iteration. - Issue #5624: Fix the _winreg module name still used in several modules. - Issue #5628: Fix io.TextIOWrapper.read() with a unreadable buffer. - Issue #5619: Multiprocessing children disobey the debug flag and causes popups on windows buildbots. Patch applied to work around this issue. - Issue #5400: Added patch for multiprocessing on netbsd compilation/support - Issue #5387: Fixed mmap.move crash by integer overflow. - Issue #5261: Patch multiprocessing's semaphore.c to support context manager use: "with multiprocessing.Lock()" works now. - Issue #5236: Change time.strptime() to only take strings. Didn't work with bytes already but the failure was non-obvious. - Issue #5177: Multiprocessing's SocketListener class now uses socket.SO_REUSEADDR on all connections so that the user no longer needs to wait 120 seconds for the socket to expire. - Issue #5595: Fix UnboundedLocalError in ntpath.ismount(). - Issue #1174606: Calling read() without arguments of an unbounded file (typically /dev/zero under Unix) could crash the interpreter. - The max_buffer_size arguments of io.BufferedWriter, io.BufferedRWPair, and io.BufferedRandom have been deprecated for removal in Python 3.2. - Issue #5068: Fixed the tarfile._BZ2Proxy.read() method that would loop forever on incomplete input. That caused tarfile.open() to hang when used with mode 'r' or 'r:bz2' and a fileobj argument that contained no data or partial bzip2 compressed data. - Issue #2110: Add support for thousands separator and 'n' type specifier to Decimal.__format__ - Fix Decimal.__format__ bug that swapped the meanings of the '<' and '>' alignment characters. - The error detection code in FileIO.close() could fail to reflect the `errno` value, and report it as -1 instead. - Issue #5016: FileIO.seekable() could return False if the file position was negative when truncated to a C int. Patch by Victor Stinner. Extension Modules ----------------- - Issue #5391: mmap now deals exclusively with bytes. - Issue #5463: In struct module, remove deprecated overflow wrapping when packing an integer: struct.pack('=L', -1) now raises struct.error instead of returning b'\xff\xff\xff\xff'. The _PY_STRUCT_RANGE_CHECKING and _PY_STRUCT_OVERFLOW_MASKING constants have been removed from the struct module. What's New in Python 3.1 alpha 1 ================================ *Release date: 2009-03-07* Core and Builtins ----------------- - The io module has been reimplemented in C for speed. - Give dict views an informative __repr__. - Issue #5247: Improve error message when unknown format codes are used when using str.format() with str, int, and float arguments. - Issue #5249: time.strftime returned malformed string when format string contained non ascii character on windows. - Issue #4626: compile(), exec(), and eval() ignore the coding cookie if the source has already been decoded into str. - Issue #5186: Reduce hash collisions for objects with no __hash__ method by rotating the object pointer by 4 bits to the right. - Issue #4575: Fix Py_IS_INFINITY macro to work correctly on x87 FPUs: it now forces its argument to double before testing for infinity. - Issue #5137: Make len() correctly raise a TypeError when a __len__ method returns a non-number type. - Issue #5182: Removed memoryview.__str__. - Issue #1717: Removed builtin cmp() function, dropped tp_compare slot, the C API functions PyObject_Compare and PyUnicode_Compare and the type definition cmpfunc. The tp_compare slot has been renamed to tp_reserved, and is reserved for future usage. - Issue #1242657: the __len__() and __length_hint__() calls in several tools were suppressing all exceptions. These include list() and bytearray(). - Issue #4707: round(x, n) now returns an integer if x is an integer. Previously it returned a float. - Issue #4753: By enabling a configure option named '--with-computed-gotos' on compilers that support it (notably: gcc, SunPro, icc), the bytecode evaluation loop is compiled with a new dispatch mechanism which gives speedups of up to 20%, depending on the system, on various benchmarks. - Issue #4874: Most builtin decoders now reject unicode input. - Issue #4842: Don't allow trailing 'L' when constructing an integer from a string. - Issue #4991: os.fdopen now raises an OSError for invalid file descriptors. - Issue #4838: When a module is deallocated, free the memory backing the optional module state data. - Issue #4910: Rename nb_long slot to nb_reserved, and change its type to ``(void *)``. - Issue #4935: The overflow checking code in the expandtabs() method common to str, bytes and bytearray could be optimized away by the compiler, letting the interpreter segfault instead of raising an error. - Issue #3720: Fix a crash when an iterator modifies its class and removes its __next__ method. - Issue #4910: Builtin int() function and PyNumber_Long/PyNumber_Int API function no longer attempt to call the __long__ slot to convert an object to an integer. Only the __int__ and __trunc__ slots are examined. - Issue #4893: Use NT threading on CE. - Issue #4915: Port sysmodule to Windows CE. - Issue #4868: utf-8, utf-16 and latin1 decoding are now 2x to 4x faster. The common cases are optimized thanks to a dedicated fast path and a moderate amount of loop unrolling. - Issue #4074: Change the criteria for doing a full garbage collection (i.e. collecting the oldest generation) so that allocating lots of objects without destroying them does not show quadratic performance. Based on a proposal by Martin von Löwis at http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2008-June/080579.html. - Issue #4604: Some objects of the I/O library could still be used after having been closed (for instance, a read() call could return some previously buffered data). Patch by Dmitry Vasiliev. - Issue #4705: Fix the -u ("unbuffered binary stdout and stderr") command-line flag to work properly. Furthermore, when specifying -u, the text stdout and stderr streams have line-by-line buffering enabled (the default being to buffer arbitrary chunks of data). - The internal table, _PyLong_DigitValue, is now an array of unsigned chars instead of ints (reducing its size from 4 to 8 times thereby reducing Python's overall memory). - Issue #1180193: When importing a module from a .pyc (or .pyo) file with an existing .py counterpart, override the co_filename attributes of all code objects if the original filename is obsolete (which can happen if the file has been renamed, moved, or if it is accessed through different paths). Patch by Ziga Seilnacht and Jean-Paul Calderone. - Issue #4580: Fix slicing of memoryviews when the item size is greater than one byte. Also fixes the meaning of len() so that it returns the number of items, rather than the size in bytes. - Issue #4075: Use OutputDebugStringW in Py_FatalError. - Issue #4747: When the terminal does not use utf-8, executing a script with non-ascii characters in its name could fail with a "SyntaxError: None" error. - Issue #4797: IOError.filename was not set when ``_fileio.FileIO`` failed to open file with a bytes filename on Windows. - Issue #3680: Reference cycles created through a dict, set or deque iterator did not get collected. - Issue #4701: PyObject_Hash now implicitly calls PyType_Ready on types where the tp_hash and tp_dict slots are both NULL. - Issue #4759: None is now allowed as the first argument of bytearray.translate(). It was always allowed for bytes.translate(). - Added test case to ensure attempts to read from a file opened for writing fail. - Issue #3106: Speedup some comparisons (str/str and int/int). - Issue #2183: Simplify and optimize bytecode for list, dict and set comprehensions. Original patch for list comprehensions by Neal Norwitz. - Issue #2467: gc.DEBUG_STATS reported invalid elapsed times. Also, always print elapsed times, not only when some objects are uncollectable / unreachable. Original patch by Neil Schemenauer. - Issue #3439: Add a bit_length method to int. - Issue #2173: When getting device encoding, check that return value of nl_langinfo is not the empty string. This was causing silent build failures on OS X. - Issue #4597: Fixed several opcodes that weren't always propagating exceptions. - Issue #4589: Fixed exception handling when the __exit__ function of a context manager returns a value that cannot be converted to a bool. - Issue #4445: Replace "sizeof(PyBytesObject)" with "offsetof(PyBytesObject, ob_sval) + 1" when allocating memory for bytes instances. On a typical machine this saves 3 bytes of memory (on average) per allocation of a bytes instance. - Issue #4533: File read operation was dreadfully slow due to a slowly growing read buffer. Fixed by using the same growth rate algorithm as Python 2.x. - Issue #4509: Various issues surrounding resize of bytearray objects to which there are buffer exports (e.g. memoryview instances). - Issue #4233: Changed semantic of ``_fileio.FileIO``'s ``close()`` method on file objects with closefd=False. The file descriptor is still kept open but the file object behaves like a closed file. The ``FileIO`` object also got a new readonly attribute ``closefd``. - Issue #4569: Interpreter crash when mutating a memoryview with an item size larger than 1. - Issue #4748: Lambda generators no longer return a value. - The re.sub(), re.subn() and re.split() functions now accept a flags parameter. - Issue #5108: Handle %s like %S, %R and %A in PyUnicode_FromFormatV(): Call PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8() once, remember the result and output it in a second step. This avoids problems with counting UTF-8 bytes that ignores the effect of using the replace error handler in PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8(). Library ------- - Issue #7071: byte-compilation in Distutils is now done with respect to sys.dont_write_bytecode. - Issue #7066: archive_util.make_archive now restores the cwd if an error is raised. Initial patch by Ezio Melotti. - Issue #6516: Added owner/group support when creating tar archives in Distutils. - Issue #6954: Fixed crash when using DISTUTILS_DEBUG flag in Distutils. - Issue #6163: Fixed HP-UX runtime library dir options in distutils.unixcompiler. Initial patch by Sridhar Ratnakumar and Michael Haubenwallner. - Issue #6693: New functions in site.py to get user/global site packages paths. - Issue #6511: ZipFile now raises BadZipfile (instead of an IOError) when opening an empty or very small file. - Issue #6545: Removed assert statements in distutils.Extension, so the behavior is similar when used with -O. - unittest has been split up into a package. All old names should still work. - Issue #6466: now distutils.cygwinccompiler and distutils.emxccompiler uses the same refactored function to get gcc/ld/dllwrap versions numbers. It's `distutils.util.get_compiler_versions`. Added deprecation warnings for the obsolete get_versions() functions. - Issue #6433: fixed issues with multiprocessing.pool.map hanging on empty list - Issue #6314: logging: Extra checks on the "level" argument in more places. - Issue #2622: Fixed an ImportError when importing email.message from a standalone application built with py2exe or py2app. - Issue #6455: Fixed test_build_ext under win32. - Issue #6377: Enabled the compiler option, and deprecate its usage as an attribute. - Issue #6413: Fixed the log level in distutils.dist for announce. - Issue #6403: Fixed package path usage in build_ext. - Issues #5155, 5313, 5331: multiprocessing.Process._bootstrap was unconditionally calling "os.close(sys.stdin.fileno())" resulting in file descriptor errors - Issue #6365: Distutils build_ext inplace mode was copying the compiled extension in a subdirectory if the extension name had dots. - Issue #6164: Added an AIX specific linker argument in Distutils unixcompiler. Original patch by Sridhar Ratnakumar. - Issue #6286: Now Distutils upload command is based on urllib2 instead of httplib, allowing the usage of http_proxy. - Issue #6287: Added the license field in Distutils documentation. - Issue #6263: Fixed syntax error in distutils.cygwincompiler. - Issue #5201: distutils.sysconfig.parse_makefile() now understands `$$` in Makefiles. This prevents compile errors when using syntax like: `LDFLAGS='-rpath=\$$LIB:/some/other/path'`. Patch by Floris Bruynooghe. - Issue #6131: test_modulefinder leaked when run after test_distutils. Patch by Hirokazu Yamamoto. - Issue #6048: Now Distutils uses the tarfile module in archive_util. - Issue #6062: In distutils, fixed the package option of build_ext. Feedback and tests on pywin32 by Tim Golden. - Issue #6053: Fixed distutils tests on win32. patch by Hirokazu Yamamoto. - Issue #6046: Fixed the library extension when distutils build_ext is used inplace. Initial patch by Roumen Petrov. - Issue #6041: Now distutils `sdist` and `register` commands use `check` as a subcommand. - Issue #6022: a test file was created in the current working directory by test_get_outputs in Distutils. - Issue #5977: distutils build_ext.get_outputs was not taking into account the inplace option. Initial patch by kxroberto. - Issue #5984: distutils.command.build_ext.check_extensions_list checks were broken for old-style extensions. - Issue #5976: Fixed Distutils test_check_environ. - Issue #5941: Distutils build_clib command was not working anymore because of an incomplete costumization of the archiver command. Added ARFLAGS in the Makefile besides AR and make Distutils use it. Original patch by David Cournapeau. - Issue #2245: aifc now skips chunk types it doesn't recognize, per spec. - Issue #5874: distutils.tests.test_config_cmd is not locale-sensitive anymore. - Issue #5810: Fixed Distutils test_build_scripts so it uses sysconfig.get_config_vars. - Issue #4951: Fixed failure in test_httpservers. - Issue #5795: Fixed test_distutils failure on Debian ppc. - Issue #5607: fixed Distutils test_get_platform for Mac OS X fat binaries. - Issue #5741: don't disallow "%%" (which is an escape for "%") when setting a value in SafeConfigParser. - Issue #5732: added a new command in Distutils: check. - Issue #5731: Distutils bdist_wininst no longer worked on non-Windows platforms. Initial patch by Paul Moore. - Issue #5095: Added bdist_msi to the list of bdist supported formats. Initial fix by Steven Bethard. - Issue #1491431: Fixed distutils.filelist.glob_to_re for edge cases. Initial fix by Wayne Davison. - Issue #5694: removed spurious test output in Distutils (test_clean). - Issue #1326077: fix the formatting of SyntaxErrors by the traceback module. - Issue #1665206 (partially): Move imports in cgitb to the top of the module instead of performing them in functions. Helps prevent import deadlocking in threads. - Issue #2522: locale.format now checks its first argument to ensure it has been passed only one pattern, avoiding mysterious errors where it appeared that it was failing to do localization. - Issue #5583: Added optional Extensions in Distutils. Initial patch by Georg Brandl. - Issue #1222: locale.format() bug when the thousands separator is a space character. - Issue #5472: Fixed distutils.test_util tear down. Original patch by Tim Golden. - collections.deque() objects now have a read-only attribute called maxlen. - Issue #2638: Show a window constructed with tkSimpleDialog.Dialog only after it is has been populated and properly configured in order to prevent window flashing. - Issue #4792: Prevent a segfault in _tkinter by using the guaranteed to be safe interp argument given to the PythonCmd in place of the Tcl interpreter taken from a PythonCmd_ClientData. - Issue #5193: Guarantee that tkinter.Text.search returns a string. - Issue #5394: removed > 2.3 syntax from distutils.msvc9compiler. Original patch by Akira Kitada. - Issue #5334: array.fromfile() failed to insert values when EOFError was raised. - Issue #5385: Fixed mmap crash after resize failure on windows. - Issue #5179: Fixed subprocess handle leak on failure on windows. - PEP 372: Added collections.OrderedDict(). - The _asdict() for method for namedtuples now returns an OrderedDict(). - configparser now defaults to using an ordered dictionary. - Issue #5401: Fixed a performance problem in mimetypes when ``from mimetypes import guess_extension`` was used. - Issue #1733986: Fixed mmap crash in accessing elements of second map object with same tagname but larger size than first map. (Windows) - Issue #5386: mmap.write_byte didn't check map size, so it could cause buffer overrun. - Issue #1533164: Installed but not listed ``*.pyo`` was breaking Distutils bdist_rpm command. - Issue #5378: added --quiet option to Distutils bdist_rpm command. - Issue #5052: make Distutils compatible with 2.3 again. - Issue #5316: Fixed buildbot failures introduced by multiple inheritance in Distutils tests. - Issue #5287: Add exception handling around findCaller() call to help out IronPython. - Issue #5282: Fixed mmap resize on 32bit windows and unix. When offset > 0, The file was resized to wrong size. - Issue #5292: Fixed mmap crash on its boundary access m[len(m)]. - Issue #2279: distutils.sdist.add_defaults now add files from the package_data and the data_files metadata. - Issue #5257: refactored all tests in distutils, so they use support.TempdirManager, to avoid writing in the tests directory. - Issue #4524: distutils build_script command failed with --with-suffix=3. Initial patch by Amaury Forgeot d'Arc. - Issue #2461: added tests for distutils.util - Issue #4998: The memory saving effect of __slots__ had been lost on Fractions which inherited from numbers.py which did not have __slots__ defined. The numbers hierarchy now has its own __slots__ declarations. - Issue #4631: Fix urlopen() result when an HTTP response uses chunked encoding. - Issue #5203: Fixed ctypes segfaults when passing a unicode string to a function without argtypes (only occurs if HAVE_USABLE_WCHAR_T is false). - Issue #3386: distutils.sysconfig.get_python_lib prefix argument was ignored under NT and OS2. Patch by Philip Jenvey. - Issue #5128: Make compileall properly inspect bytecode to determine if needs to be recreated. This avoids a timing hole thanks to the old reliance on the ctime of the files involved. - Issue #5122: Synchronize tk load failure check to prevent a potential deadlock. - Issue #1818: collections.namedtuple() now supports a keyword argument 'rename' which lets invalid fieldnames be automatically converted to positional names in the form, _1, _2, ... - Issue #4890: Handle empty text search pattern in Tkinter.Text.search. - Issue #4512 (part 2): Promote ``ZipImporter._get_filename()`` to be a public documented method ``ZipImporter.get_filename()``. - Issue #4195: The ``runpy`` module (and the ``-m`` switch) now support the execution of packages by looking for and executing a ``__main__`` submodule when a package name is supplied. Initial patch by Andi Vajda. - Issue #1731706: Call Tcl_ConditionFinalize for Tcl_Conditions that will not be used again (this requires Tcl/Tk 8.3.1), also fix a memory leak in Tkapp_Call when calling from a thread different than the one that created the Tcl interpreter. Patch by Robert Hancock. - Issue #4285: Change sys.version_info to be a named tuple. Patch by Ross Light. - Issue #1520877: Now distutils.sysconfig reads $AR from the environment/Makefile. Patch by Douglas Greiman. - Issue #1276768: The verbose option was not used in the code of distutils.file_util and distutils.dir_util. - Issue #5132: Fixed trouble building extensions under Solaris with --enabled-shared activated. Initial patch by Dave Peterson. - Issue #1581476: Always use the Tcl global namespace when calling into Tcl. - The shelve module now defaults to pickle protocol 3. - Fix a bug in the trace module where a bytes object from co_lnotab had its items being passed through ord(). - Issue #2047: shutil.move() could believe that its destination path was inside its source path if it began with the same letters (e.g. "src" vs. "src.new"). - Added the ttk module. See issue #2983: Ttk support for Tkinter. - Removed isSequenceType(), isMappingType, and isNumberType() from the operator module; use the abstract base classes instead. Also removed the repeat() function; use mul() instead. - Issue #5021: doctest.testfile() did not create __name__ and collections.namedtuple() relied on __name__ being defined. - Backport importlib from Python 3.1. Only the import_module() function has been backported to help facilitate transitions from 2.7 to 3.1. - Issue #1885: distutils. When running sdist with --formats=tar,gztar the tar file was overriden by the gztar one. - Issue #4863: distutils.mwerkscompiler has been removed. - Added a new itertools functions: combinations_with_replacement() and compress(). - Issue #5032: added a step argument to itertools.count() and allowed non-integer arguments. - Fix and properly document the multiprocessing module's logging support, expose the internal levels and provide proper usage examples. - Issue #1672332: fix unpickling of subnormal floats, which was producing a ValueError on some platforms. - Issue #3881: Help Tcl to load even when started through the unreadable local symlink to "Program Files" on Vista. - Issue #4710: Extract directories properly in the zipfile module; allow adding directories to a zipfile. - Issue #3807: _multiprocessing build fails when configure is passed --without-threads argument. When this occurs, _multiprocessing will be disabled, and not compiled. - Issue #5008: When a file is opened in append mode with the new IO library, do an explicit seek to the end of file (so that e.g. tell() returns the file size rather than 0). This is consistent with the behaviour of the traditional 2.x file object. - Issue #5013: Fixed a bug in FileHandler which occurred when the delay parameter was set. - Issue #4842: Always append a trailing 'L' when pickling longs using pickle protocol 0. When reading, the 'L' is optional. - Add the importlib package. - Issue #4301: Patch the logging module to add processName support, remove _check_logger_class from multiprocessing. - Issue #3325: Remove python2.x try: except: imports for old cPickle from multiprocessing. - Issue #4959: inspect.formatargspec now works for keyword only arguments without defaults. - Issue #3321: ``_multiprocessing.Connection()`` doesn't check handle; added checks for Unix machines for negative handles and large int handles. Without this check it is possible to segfault the interpreter. - Issue #4449: AssertionError in mp_benchmarks.py, caused by an underlying issue in sharedctypes.py. - Issue #1225107: inspect.isclass() returned True for instances with a custom __getattr__. - Issue #3826 and #4791: The socket module now closes the underlying socket appropriately when it is being used via socket.makefile() objects rather than delaying the close by waiting for garbage collection to do it. - Issue #1696199: Add collections.Counter() for rapid and convenient counting. - Issue #3860: GzipFile and BZ2File now support the context manager protocol. - Issue #4867: Fixed a crash in ctypes when passing a string to a function without defining argtypes. - Issue #4272: Add an optional argument to the GzipFile constructor to override the timestamp in the gzip stream. The default value remains the current time. The information can be used by e.g. gunzip when decompressing. Patch by Jacques Frechet. - Restore Python 2.3 compatibility for decimal.py. - Issue #3638: Remove functions from _tkinter module level that depend on TkappObject to work with multiple threads. - Issue #4718: Adapt the wsgiref package so that it actually works with Python 3.x, in accordance with the `official amendments of the spec `_. - Issue #4796: Added Decimal.from_float() and Context.create_decimal_from_float() to the decimal module. - Fractions.from_float() no longer loses precision for integers too big to cast as floats. - Issue #4812: add missing underscore prefix to some internal-use-only constants in the decimal module. (Dec_0 becomes _Dec_0, etc.) - Issue #4790: The nsmallest() and nlargest() functions in the heapq module did unnecessary work in the common case where no key function was specified. - Issue #4795: inspect.isgeneratorfunction() returns False instead of None when the function is not a generator. - Issue #4702: Throwing a DistutilsPlatformError instead of IOError in case no MSVC compiler is found under Windows. Original patch by Philip Jenvey. - Issue #4646: distutils was choking on empty options arg in the setup function. Original patch by Thomas Heller. - Issue #3767: Convert Tk object to string in tkColorChooser. - Issue #3248: Allow placing ScrolledText in a PanedWindow. - Issue #4444: Allow assertRaises() to be used as a context handler, so that the code under test can be written inline if more practical. - Issue #4739: Add pydoc help topics for symbols, so that e.g. help('@') works as expected in the interactive environment. - Issue #4756: zipfile.is_zipfile() now supports file-like objects. Patch by Gabriel Genellina. - Issue #4574: reading an UTF16-encoded text file crashes if \r on 64-char boundary. - Issue #4223: inspect.getsource() will now correctly display source code for packages loaded via zipimport (or any other conformant PEP 302 loader). Original patch by Alexander Belopolsky. - Issue #4201: pdb can now access and display source code loaded via zipimport (or any other conformant PEP 302 loader). Original patch by Alexander Belopolsky. - Issue #4197: doctests in modules loaded via zipimport (or any other PEP 302 conformant loader) will now work correctly in most cases (they are still subject to the constraints that exist for all code running from inside a module loaded via a PEP 302 loader and attempting to perform IO operations based on __file__). Original patch by Alexander Belopolsky. - Issues #4082 and #4512: Add runpy support to zipimport in a manner that allows backporting to maintenance branches. Original patch by Alexander Belopolsky. - Issue #4163: textwrap module: allow word splitting on a hyphen preceded by a non-ASCII letter. - Issue #4616: TarFile.utime(): Restore directory times on Windows. - Issue #4021: tokenize.detect_encoding() now raises a SyntaxError when the codec cannot be found. This is for compatibility with the builtin behavior. - Issue #4084: Fix max, min, max_mag and min_mag Decimal methods to give correct results in the case where one argument is a quiet NaN and the other is a finite number that requires rounding. - Issue #4483: _dbm module now builds on systems with gdbm & gdbm_compat libs. - Added the subprocess.check_call_output() convenience function to get output from a subprocess on success or raise an exception on error. - Issue #1055234: cgi.parse_header(): Fixed parsing of header parameters to support unusual filenames (such as those containing semi-colons) in Content-Disposition headers. - Issue #4384: Added logging integration with warnings module using captureWarnings(). This change includes a NullHandler which does nothing; it will be of use to library developers who want to avoid the "No handlers could be found for logger XXX" message which can appear if the library user doesn't configure logging. - Issue #3741: DISTUTILS_USE_SDK set causes msvc9compiler.py to raise an exception. - Issue #4529: fix the parser module's validation of try-except-finally statements. - Issue #4458: getopt.gnu_getopt() now recognizes a single "-" as an argument, not a malformed option. - Added the subprocess.check_output() convenience function to get output from a subprocess on success or raise an exception on error. - Issue #4542: On Windows, binascii.crc32 still accepted str as binary input; the corresponding tests now pass. - Issue #4537: webbrowser.UnixBrowser would fail to open the browser because it was calling the wrong open() function. - Issue #1055234: cgi.parse_header(): Fixed parsing of header parameters to support unusual filenames (such as those containing semi-colons) in Content-Disposition headers. - Issue #4861: ctypes.util.find_library(): Robustify. Fix library detection on biarch systems. Try to rely on ldconfig only, without using objdump and gcc. - Issue #5104: The socket module now raises OverflowError when 16-bit port and protocol numbers are supplied outside the allowed 0-65536 range on bind() and getservbyport(). - Windows locale mapping updated to Vista. Tools/Demos ----------- - Issue #4704: remove use of cmp() in pybench, bump its version number to 2.1, and make it 2.6-compatible. - Ttk demos added in Demo/tkinter/ttk/ - Issue #4677: add two list comprehension tests to pybench. Build ----- - Issue #6094: Build correctly with Subversion 1.7. - Issue #5847: Remove -n switch on "Edit with IDLE" menu item. - Issue #5726: Make Modules/ld_so_aix return the actual exit code of the linker, rather than always exit successfully. Patch by Floris Bruynooghe. - Issue #4587: Add configure option --with-dbmliborder=db1:db2:... to specify the order that backends for the dbm extension are checked. - Link the shared python library with $(MODLIBS). - Issue #5134: Silence compiler warnings when compiling sqlite with VC++. - Issue #4494: Fix build with Py_NO_ENABLE_SHARED on Windows. - Issue #4895: Use _strdup on Windows CE. - Issue #4472: "configure --enable-shared" now works on OSX - Issues #4728 and #4060: WORDS_BIGEDIAN is now correct in Universal builds. - Issue #4389: Add icon to the uninstall entry in "add-and-remove-programs". - Issue #4289: Remove Cancel button from AdvancedDlg. - Issue #1656675: Register a drop handler for .py* files on Windows. - Issue #4120: Exclude manifest from extension modules in VS2008. - Issue #4091: Install pythonxy.dll in system32 again. - Issue #4018: Disable "for me" installations on Vista. - Issue #3758: Add ``patchcheck`` build target to .PHONY. - Issue #4204: Fixed module build errors on FreeBSD 4. C-API ----- - Issue #6624: yArg_ParseTuple with "s" format when parsing argument with NUL: Bogus TypeError detail string. - Issue #5175: PyLong_AsUnsignedLongLong now raises OverflowError for negative arguments. Previously, it raised TypeError. - Issue #4720: The format for PyArg_ParseTupleAndKeywords can begin with '|'. - Issue #3632: from the gdb debugger, the 'pyo' macro can now be called when the GIL is released, or owned by another thread. - Issue #4122: On Windows, fix a compilation error when using the Py_UNICODE_ISSPACE macro in an extension module. Extension Modules ----------------- - Issue #3745: Fix hashlib to always reject unicode and non buffer-api supporting objects as input no matter how it was compiled (built in implementations or external openssl library). - Issue #4397: Fix occasional test_socket failure on OS X. - Issue #4279: Fix build of parsermodule under Cygwin. - Issue #4751: hashlib now releases the GIL when hashing large buffers (with a hardwired threshold of 2048 bytes), allowing better parallelization on multi-CPU systems. Contributed by Lukas Lueg (ebfe) and Victor Stinner. - Issue #4051: Prevent conflict of UNICODE macros in cPickle. - Issue #4738: Each zlib object now has a separate lock, allowing to compress or decompress several streams at once on multi-CPU systems. Also, the GIL is now released when computing the CRC of a large buffer. Patch by ebfe. - Issue #4228: Pack negative values the same way as 2.4 in struct's L format. - Issue #1040026: Fix os.times result on systems where HZ is incorrect. - Issues #3167, #3682: Fix test_math failures for log, log10 on Solaris, OpenBSD. - Issue #4583: array.array would not always prohibit resizing when a buffer has been exported, resulting in an interpreter crash when accessing the buffer. - Issue #5228: Make functools.partial objects can now be pickled. Tests ----- - Issue #6152: New option '-j'/'--multiprocess' for regrtest allows running regression tests in parallel, shortening the total runtime. - Issue #5450: Moved tests involving loading tk from Lib/test/test_tcl to Lib/tkinter/test/test_tkinter/test_loadtk. With this, these tests demonstrate the same behaviour as test_ttkguionly (and now also test_tk) which is to skip the tests if DISPLAY is defined but can't be used. - regrtest no longer treats ImportError as equivalent to SkipTest. Imports that should cause a test to be skipped are now done using import_module from test support, which does the conversion. - Issue #5083: New 'gui' resource for regrtest. Docs ---- **(For information about older versions, consult the HISTORY file.)**