# Wrapper module for _ssl, providing some additional facilities # implemented in Python. Written by Bill Janssen. """\ This module provides some more Pythonic support for SSL. Object types: SSLSocket -- subtype of socket.socket which does SSL over the socket Exceptions: SSLError -- exception raised for I/O errors Functions: cert_time_to_seconds -- convert time string used for certificate notBefore and notAfter functions to integer seconds past the Epoch (the time values returned from time.time()) fetch_server_certificate (HOST, PORT) -- fetch the certificate provided by the server running on HOST at port PORT. No validation of the certificate is performed. Integer constants: SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE SSL_ERROR_WANT_X509_LOOKUP SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL SSL_ERROR_SSL SSL_ERROR_WANT_CONNECT SSL_ERROR_EOF SSL_ERROR_INVALID_ERROR_CODE The following group define certificate requirements that one side is allowing/requiring from the other side: CERT_NONE - no certificates from the other side are required (or will be looked at if provided) CERT_OPTIONAL - certificates are not required, but if provided will be validated, and if validation fails, the connection will also fail CERT_REQUIRED - certificates are required, and will be validated, and if validation fails, the connection will also fail The following constants identify various SSL protocol variants: PROTOCOL_SSLv2 PROTOCOL_SSLv3 PROTOCOL_SSLv23 PROTOCOL_TLSv1 """ import textwrap import _ssl # if we can't import it, let the error propagate from _ssl import OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER, OPENSSL_VERSION_INFO, OPENSSL_VERSION from _ssl import SSLError from _ssl import CERT_NONE, CERT_OPTIONAL, CERT_REQUIRED from _ssl import PROTOCOL_SSLv2, PROTOCOL_SSLv3, PROTOCOL_SSLv23, PROTOCOL_TLSv1 from _ssl import RAND_status, RAND_egd, RAND_add from _ssl import \ SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN, \ SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ, \ SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE, \ SSL_ERROR_WANT_X509_LOOKUP, \ SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL, \ SSL_ERROR_SSL, \ SSL_ERROR_WANT_CONNECT, \ SSL_ERROR_EOF, \ SSL_ERROR_INVALID_ERROR_CODE from socket import socket, _fileobject, _delegate_methods, error as socket_error from socket import getnameinfo as _getnameinfo import base64 # for DER-to-PEM translation class SSLSocket(socket): """This class implements a subtype of socket.socket that wraps the underlying OS socket in an SSL context when necessary, and provides read and write methods over that channel.""" def __init__(self, sock, keyfile=None, certfile=None, server_side=False, cert_reqs=CERT_NONE, ssl_version=PROTOCOL_SSLv23, ca_certs=None, do_handshake_on_connect=True, suppress_ragged_eofs=True, ciphers=None): socket.__init__(self, _sock=sock._sock) # The initializer for socket overrides the methods send(), recv(), etc. # in the instancce, which we don't need -- but we want to provide the # methods defined in SSLSocket. for attr in _delegate_methods: try: delattr(self, attr) except AttributeError: pass if certfile and not keyfile: keyfile = certfile # see if it's connected try: socket.getpeername(self) except socket_error: # no, no connection yet self._sslobj = None else: # yes, create the SSL object self._sslobj = _ssl.sslwrap(self._sock, server_side, keyfile, certfile, cert_reqs, ssl_version, ca_certs, ciphers) if do_handshake_on_connect: self.do_handshake() self.keyfile = keyfile self.certfile = certfile self.cert_reqs = cert_reqs self.ssl_version = ssl_version self.ca_certs = ca_certs self.ciphers = ciphers self.do_handshake_on_connect = do_handshake_on_connect self.suppress_ragged_eofs = suppress_ragged_eofs self._makefile_refs = 0 def read(self, len=1024): """Read up to LEN bytes and return them. Return zero-length string on EOF.""" try: return self._sslobj.read(len) except SSLError, x: if x.args[0] == SSL_ERROR_EOF and self.suppress_ragged_eofs: return '' else: raise def write(self, data): """Write DATA to the underlying SSL channel. Returns number of bytes of DATA actually transmitted.""" return self._sslobj.write(data) def getpeercert(self, binary_form=False): """Returns a formatted version of the data in the certificate provided by the other end of the SSL channel. Return None if no certificate was provided, {} if a certificate was provided, but not validated.""" return self._sslobj.peer_certificate(binary_form) def cipher(self): if not self._sslobj: return None else: return self._sslobj.cipher() def send(self, data, flags=0): if self._sslobj: if flags != 0: raise ValueError( "non-zero flags not allowed in calls to send() on %s" % self.__class__) while True: try: v = self._sslobj.write(data) except SSLError, x: if x.args[0] == SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ: return 0 elif x.args[0] == SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE: return 0 else: raise else: return v else: return socket.send(self, data, flags) def sendto(self, data, addr, flags=0): if self._sslobj: raise ValueError("sendto not allowed on instances of %s" % self.__class__) else: return socket.sendto(self, data, addr, flags) def sendall(self, data, flags=0): if self._sslobj: if flags != 0: raise ValueError( "non-zero flags not allowed in calls to sendall() on %s" % self.__class__) amount = len(data) count = 0 while (count < amount): v = self.send(data[count:]) count += v return amount else: return socket.sendall(self, data, flags) def recv(self, buflen=1024, flags=0): if self._sslobj: if flags != 0: raise ValueError( "non-zero flags not allowed in calls to recv() on %s" % self.__class__) return self.read(buflen) else: return socket.recv(self, buflen, flags) def recv_into(self, buffer, nbytes=None, flags=0): if buffer and (nbytes is None): nbytes = len(buffer) elif nbytes is None: nbytes = 1024 if self._sslobj: if flags != 0: raise ValueError( "non-zero flags not allowed in calls to recv_into() on %s" % self.__class__) tmp_buffer = self.read(nbytes) v = len(tmp_buffer) buffer[:v] = tmp_buffer return v else: return socket.recv_into(self, buffer, nbytes, flags) def recvfrom(self, addr, buflen=1024, flags=0): if self._sslobj: raise ValueError("recvfrom not allowed on instances of %s" % self.__class__) else: return socket.recvfrom(self, addr, buflen, flags) def recvfrom_into(self, buffer, nbytes=None, flags=0): if self._sslobj: raise ValueError("recvfrom_into not allowed on instances of %s" % self.__class__) else: return socket.recvfrom_into(self, buffer, nbytes, flags) def pending(self): if self._sslobj: return self._sslobj.pending() else: return 0 def unwrap(self): if self._sslobj: s = self._sslobj.shutdown() self._sslobj = None return s else: raise ValueError("No SSL wrapper around " + str(self)) def shutdown(self, how): self._sslobj = None socket.shutdown(self, how) def close(self): if self._makefile_refs < 1: self._sslobj = None socket.close(self) else: self._makefile_refs -= 1 def do_handshake(self): """Perform a TLS/SSL handshake.""" self._sslobj.do_handshake() def connect(self, addr): """Connects to remote ADDR, and then wraps the connection in an SSL channel.""" # Here we assume that the socket is client-side, and not # connected at the time of the call. We connect it, then wrap it. if self._sslobj: raise ValueError("attempt to connect already-connected SSLSocket!") socket.connect(self, addr) self._sslobj = _ssl.sslwrap(self._sock, False, self.keyfile, self.certfile, self.cert_reqs, self.ssl_version, self.ca_certs, self.ciphers) if self.do_handshake_on_connect: self.do_handshake() def accept(self): """Accepts a new connection from a remote client, and returns a tuple containing that new connection wrapped with a server-side SSL channel, and the address of the remote client.""" newsock, addr = socket.accept(self) return (SSLSocket(newsock, keyfile=self.keyfile, certfile=self.certfile, server_side=True, cert_reqs=self.cert_reqs, ssl_version=self.ssl_version, ca_certs=self.ca_certs, ciphers=self.ciphers, do_handshake_on_connect=self.do_handshake_on_connect, suppress_ragged_eofs=self.suppress_ragged_eofs), addr) def makefile(self, mode='r', bufsize=-1): """Make and return a file-like object that works with the SSL connection. Just use the code from the socket module.""" self._makefile_refs += 1 # close=True so as to decrement the reference count when done with # the file-like object. return _fileobject(self, mode, bufsize, close=True) def wrap_socket(sock, keyfile=None, certfile=None, server_side=False, cert_reqs=CERT_NONE, ssl_version=PROTOCOL_SSLv23, ca_certs=None, do_handshake_on_connect=True, suppress_ragged_eofs=True, ciphers=None): return SSLSocket(sock, keyfile=keyfile, certfile=certfile, server_side=server_side, cert_reqs=cert_reqs, ssl_version=ssl_version, ca_certs=ca_certs, do_handshake_on_connect=do_handshake_on_connect, suppress_ragged_eofs=suppress_ragged_eofs, ciphers=ciphers) # some utility functions def cert_time_to_seconds(cert_time): """Takes a date-time string in standard ASN1_print form ("MON DAY 24HOUR:MINUTE:SEC YEAR TIMEZONE") and return a Python time value in seconds past the epoch.""" import time return time.mktime(time.strptime(cert_time, "%b %d %H:%M:%S %Y GMT")) PEM_HEADER = "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----" PEM_FOOTER = "-----END CERTIFICATE-----" def DER_cert_to_PEM_cert(der_cert_bytes): """Takes a certificate in binary DER format and returns the PEM version of it as a string.""" if hasattr(base64, 'standard_b64encode'): # preferred because older API gets line-length wrong f = base64.standard_b64encode(der_cert_bytes) return (PEM_HEADER + '\n' + textwrap.fill(f, 64) + PEM_FOOTER + '\n') else: return (PEM_HEADER + '\n' + base64.encodestring(der_cert_bytes) + PEM_FOOTER + '\n') def PEM_cert_to_DER_cert(pem_cert_string): """Takes a certificate in ASCII PEM format and returns the DER-encoded version of it as a byte sequence""" if not pem_cert_string.startswith(PEM_HEADER): raise ValueError("Invalid PEM encoding; must start with %s" % PEM_HEADER) if not pem_cert_string.strip().endswith(PEM_FOOTER): raise ValueError("Invalid PEM encoding; must end with %s" % PEM_FOOTER) d = pem_cert_string.strip()[len(PEM_HEADER):-len(PEM_FOOTER)] return base64.decodestring(d) def get_server_certificate(addr, ssl_version=PROTOCOL_SSLv3, ca_certs=None): """Retrieve the certificate from the server at the specified address, and return it as a PEM-encoded string. If 'ca_certs' is specified, validate the server cert against it. If 'ssl_version' is specified, use it in the connection attempt.""" host, port = addr if (ca_certs is not None): cert_reqs = CERT_REQUIRED else: cert_reqs = CERT_NONE s = wrap_socket(socket(), ssl_version=ssl_version, cert_reqs=cert_reqs, ca_certs=ca_certs) s.connect(addr) dercert = s.getpeercert(True) s.close() return DER_cert_to_PEM_cert(dercert) def get_protocol_name(protocol_code): if protocol_code == PROTOCOL_TLSv1: return "TLSv1" elif protocol_code == PROTOCOL_SSLv23: return "SSLv23" elif protocol_code == PROTOCOL_SSLv2: return "SSLv2" elif protocol_code == PROTOCOL_SSLv3: return "SSLv3" else: return "" # a replacement for the old socket.ssl function def sslwrap_simple(sock, keyfile=None, certfile=None): """A replacement for the old socket.ssl function. Designed for compability with Python 2.5 and earlier. Will disappear in Python 3.0.""" if hasattr(sock, "_sock"): sock = sock._sock ssl_sock = _ssl.sslwrap(sock, 0, keyfile, certfile, CERT_NONE, PROTOCOL_SSLv23, None) try: sock.getpeername() except socket_error: # no, no connection yet pass else: # yes, do the handshake ssl_sock.do_handshake() return ssl_sock