import sys, os # find_library(name) returns the pathname of a library, or None. if os.name == "nt": def find_library(name): # See MSDN for the REAL search order. for directory in os.environ['PATH'].split(os.pathsep): fname = os.path.join(directory, name) if os.path.exists(fname): return fname if fname.lower().endswith(".dll"): continue fname = fname + ".dll" if os.path.exists(fname): return fname return None if os.name == "ce": # search path according to MSDN: # - absolute path specified by filename # - The .exe launch directory # - the Windows directory # - ROM dll files (where are they?) # - OEM specified search path: HKLM\Loader\SystemPath def find_library(name): return name if os.name == "posix" and sys.platform == "darwin": from ctypes.macholib.dyld import dyld_find as _dyld_find def find_library(name): possible = ['lib%s.dylib' % name, '%s.dylib' % name, '%s.framework/%s' % (name, name)] for name in possible: try: return _dyld_find(name) except ValueError: continue return None elif os.name == "posix": # Andreas Degert's find functions, using gcc, /sbin/ldconfig, objdump import re, tempfile, errno def _findLib_gcc(name): expr = r'[^\(\)\s]*lib%s\.[^\(\)\s]*' % re.escape(name) fdout, ccout = tempfile.mkstemp() os.close(fdout) cmd = 'if type gcc >/dev/null 2>&1; then CC=gcc; else CC=cc; fi;' \ '$CC -Wl,-t -o ' + ccout + ' 2>&1 -l' + name try: f = os.popen(cmd) trace = f.read() f.close() finally: try: os.unlink(ccout) except OSError as e: if e.errno != errno.ENOENT: raise res = re.search(expr, trace) if not res: return None return res.group(0) def _get_soname(f): # assuming GNU binutils / ELF if not f: return None cmd = "objdump -p -j .dynamic 2>/dev/null " + f res = re.search(r'\sSONAME\s+([^\s]+)', os.popen(cmd).read()) if not res: return None return res.group(1) if (sys.platform.startswith("freebsd") or sys.platform.startswith("openbsd") or sys.platform.startswith("dragonfly")): def _num_version(libname): # "libxyz.so.MAJOR.MINOR" => [ MAJOR, MINOR ] parts = libname.split(".") nums = [] try: while parts: nums.insert(0, int(parts.pop())) except ValueError: pass return nums or [ sys.maxint ] def find_library(name): ename = re.escape(name) expr = r':-l%s\.\S+ => \S*/(lib%s\.\S+)' % (ename, ename) res = re.findall(expr, os.popen('/sbin/ldconfig -r 2>/dev/null').read()) if not res: return _get_soname(_findLib_gcc(name)) res.sort(cmp= lambda x,y: cmp(_num_version(x), _num_version(y))) return res[-1] else: def _findLib_ldconfig(name): # XXX assuming GLIBC's ldconfig (with option -p) expr = r'/[^\(\)\s]*lib%s\.[^\(\)\s]*' % re.escape(name) res = re.search(expr, os.popen('/sbin/ldconfig -p 2>/dev/null').read()) if not res: # Hm, this works only for libs needed by the python executable. cmd = 'ldd %s 2>/dev/null' % sys.executable res = re.search(expr, os.popen(cmd).read()) if not res: return None return res.group(0) def find_library(name): return _get_soname(_findLib_ldconfig(name) or _findLib_gcc(name)) ################################################################ # test code def test(): from ctypes import cdll if os.name == "nt": print(cdll.msvcrt) print(cdll.load("msvcrt")) print(find_library("msvcrt")) if os.name == "posix": # find and load_version print(find_library("m")) print(find_library("c")) print(find_library("bz2")) # getattr ## print cdll.m ## print cdll.bz2 # load if sys.platform == "darwin": print(cdll.LoadLibrary("libm.dylib")) print(cdll.LoadLibrary("libcrypto.dylib")) print(cdll.LoadLibrary("libSystem.dylib")) print(cdll.LoadLibrary("System.framework/System")) else: print(cdll.LoadLibrary("libm.so")) print(cdll.LoadLibrary("libcrypt.so")) print(find_library("crypt")) if __name__ == "__main__": test()