He writes:
I had an off-by-1000 error in floatsleep(),
and the problem with time.clock() is that it's not implemented properly
on QNX... ANSI says it's supposed to return _CPU_ time used by the
process, but on QNX it returns the amount of real time used... so I was
confused.
guessing what happened when strftime() returns 0. Is it buffer
overflow or was the result simply 0 bytes long? (This happens for an
empty format string, or when the format string is a single %Z and the
timezone is unknown.) if the buffer is at least 256 times as long as
the format, assume the latter.
converted was a "digit" -- use isalnum(). This test is there only to
guard against "+" or "-" being interpreted as a valid int literal.
Reported by Takahiro Nakayama.
up the _tkinter main loop. Not clear why; the _kbhit() call _tkinter
makes probably confuses the stdio library when buffering isn't set to
whatever it is by default.
f_fsid field, since it's not a scalar on all systems supporting this
call (in particular, it's a tuple of two longs on AIX). Since it's
not particularly useful, just nuke it. Adapted the doc strings too.
was appended to a list. Lists are reference count neutral, so the
string must be DECREF'd. Also added some checks for the return value
of PyList_Append().
Note: there are still some memory problems reported by Purify (I get
two Array Bounds Reads still and an Unitialized Memory Read). Also,
in scanning the code, there appears to be some potential problems
where return values aren't checked. To much to attack now though.
Purify) being caused by a bug in the readline library. Nothing we can
do about it.
Cause: readline_initialize_everything() throws away the return value
from rl_read_init_file(), but that happens to be the last reference to
a dynamically allocated char*.
decompressor object. This required adding a flag to the struct which is
true if initialisation was completed; on object destruction, deflateEnd()
is only called if the flag is true.
NOTE: There is still a bug of some sort in the behavior of zlib. In
at least one case, inflate returns Z_OK (which is typically
interpreted to mean that more output space is needed) when it has
finished inflating a buffer. This has been reported as a bug to the
zlib maintainers; we may need to change the Python interface.
> mpz.mpz('\xff') should return mpz(255). Instead it returns
> mpz(4294967295L). Looks like the constructor doesn't work with strings
> containing characters above chr(128).
Caused by using just 'char' where 'unsigned char' should have been used.
But IMHO, this problem really reveals an annoyance in Python's
makesetup. makesetup puts the global include directories "$(INCLUDEPY)
$(EXECINCLUDEPY)" in front of the directories defined by the module in
Setup. Therefore global (potentially older) header files are preferred
over the ones set by the module, which makes it hard to compile new
versions of modules when the old versions are installed. AFAIK, the
other way around is common practice for most other software.
This patch to makesetup would be an potential fix for this problem,
though I don't know if it breaks anything else.
- New copyright. (Open source)
- Added new protocol for binary string pickles that
takes out unneeded puts:
p=Pickler()
p.dump(x)
p.dump(y)
thePickle=p.getvalue()
This has little or no impact on pickling time, but
often reduces unpickling time and pickle size, sometimes
significantly.
- Changed unpickler to use internal data structure instead
of list to reduce unpickling times by about a third.
- Many cleanups to get rid of obfuscated error handling
involving 'goto finally' and status variables.
- Extensive reGuidofication. (formatting :)
- Fixed binary floating-point pickling bug. 0.0 was not
pickled correctly.
- Now use binary floating point format when saving
floats in binary mode.
- Fixed some error message spelling error.
- New copyright. (Open source)
- Fixed problem in seek method. The seek method should (and now does)
fill with nulls when seeking past the end of the "file".
device and control pseudo-device:
- first look for the device filename in the environment variable
AUDIODEV.
- if not found, use /dev/audio
- calculate the control device by tacking "ctl" onto the base device
name.
We now do this. Also, if the open fails, we call
PyErr_SetFromErrnoWithFilename() to give a more informative error
message.
Added a fileno() method to the audio object returned from open().
This returns the file descriptor which can be used by applications to
set up SIGPOLL notification, as per the manpage.
solves the conflict with curses over the 'clear' entry point much
nicer. (Jack had checked in the changes to cstubs eons ago, but I
never regenrated glmodule.c :-( )
the compilation flags for the gl, fl and fm modules. This avoids a
name conflict with the curses module (both gl and curses have an entry
point called 'clear').
thread state of the thread calling mainloop() (or another event
handling function) rather than the thread state of the function that
created the client data structure.
2-digit years are now converted using rules that are (according to
Fredrik Lundh) recommended by POSIX or X/Open: 0-68 mean 2000-2068,
69-99 mean 1969-1999.
2-digit years are now only accepted if time.accept2dyear is set to a
nonzero integer; if it is zero or not an integer or absent, only year
values >= 1900 are accepted. Year values 100-1899 and negative year
values are never accepted.
The initial value of time.accept2dyear depends on the environment
variable PYTHONY2K: if PYTHONY2K is set and non-empty,
time.accept2dyear is initialized to 0; if PYTHONY2K is empty or not
set, time.accept2dyear is initialized to 0.
I had to make a slight diddle to work with Python 1.4, which
we and some of our customers are still using. :(
I've also made a few minor enhancements:
- You can now both get and set the memo using a 'memo'
attribute. This is handy for certain advanced applications
that we have.
- Added a 'binary' attribute to get and set the binary
mode for a pickler.
- Added a somewhat experimental 'fast' attribute. When this
is set, objects are not placed in the memo during pickling.
This should lead to faster pickling and smaller pickles in
cases where:
o you *know* there are no circular references, and
o either you've:
- preloaded the memo with class information
by pickling classes in non-fast mode or by
manipilating the memo directly, or
- aren't pickling instances.
1. Only DECREF the class's module when the module is retrieved via
PyImport_Import. If it is retrieved from the modules dictionary with
PyDict_GetItem, it is using a borrowed reference.
2. If the module doesn't define the desired class, raise the same
SystemError that pickle.py does instead of returning an AttributeError
(which is cryptic at best).
Also, fix the PyArg_ParseTuple in cpm_loads (the externally visible
loads) function: Use "S" instead of "O" because cStringIO will croak
with a "bad arguments to internal function" if passed anything other
than a string.
gethostbyaddr(). (Plain gethostbyname() returns only the IP address.)
This moves the code shared by gethostbyaddr() and gethostbyname_ex()
to a subroutine.
Original patch by Dan Stromberg; some tweaks by GvR.
exceptions:
posix_error_with_filename(): New function which calls
PyErr_SetFromErrnoWithFilename()
The following methods have been changed to call
posix_error_with_filename():
posix_1str()
posix_strint()
posix_strintint()
posix_do_stat()
posix_mkdir()
posix_utime()
posix_readlink()
posix_open()
INITFUNC(): os.error (nee PosixError) is PyExc_OSError
low-level Python exit handler. This can attempt to call Python code
at a point that the interpreter and thread state have already been
destroyed, causing a Bus Error. Given the intended use of
Py_AtExit(), I'm not convinced that it's a good idea to call it
earlier during Python's finalization sequence... (Although this is
the only use for it in the entire distribution.)
PythonCmd_Error() but failed to return. The error wasn't very likely
(only when we run out of memory) but since the check is there we might
as well return the error. (I think that Barry introduced this buglet
when he added error checks everywhere.)
# from my PC at home, but it can't send email :-(
Add a clarifying comment about the new ENTER_OVERLAP and
LEAVE_OVERLAP_TCL macros; get rid of all the bogus tests for deleted
interpreters (Tcl already tests for this; they were left over from an
earlier misguided attempt to fix the threading).
There were some serious problem with the thread-safety code.
The basic problem was that often the result was gotten out of
the Tcl interpreter object after releasing the Tcl lock.
Of course, another thread might have changed the return value
already, and this was indeed happening. (Amazing what trying
it on a different thread implementation does!)
The solution is to grab the Python lock without releasing the
Tcl lock, so it's safe to create a string object or set the
exceptions from the Tcl interpreter. Once that's done, the
Tcl lock is released.
Note that it's now legal to acquire the Python lock while the
the Tcl lock is held; but the reverse is not true: the Python
lock must be released before the Tcl lock is acquired. This
in order to avoid deadlines. Fortunately, there don't seem to
be any problems with this.
(The "sort of" is because it uses kbhit() to detect that the user
starts typing, and then no events are processed until they hit
return.)
Also fixed a nasty locking bug: EventHook() is called without the Tcl
lock set, so it can't use the ENTER_PYTHON and LEAVE_PYTHON macros,
which manipulate both the Python and the Tcl lock. I now only acquire
and release the Python lock.
(Haven't tested this on Unix yet...)
Tkinter. This adds a separate lock -- read the comments. (This was
also needed for Mark Hammond's attempts to make PythonWin
Tkinter-friendly.)
The changes have affected the EventHook slightly, too; and I've done
some more cleanup of the code that deals with the different versions
of Tcl_CreateFileHandler().
so that our #ifdef test has the wrong effect. Substitute hardcoded
values for some important symbols (but not for the whole range -- some
are pretty obscure so it's not worth it).
registers an input file handler for stdin with Tcl and handles Tcl
events until something is available on stdin; it then deletes the
handler and returns from EventHook().
This works with or without GNU readline, and doesn't busy-wait.
It still doesn't work for Mac or Windows :-(
Rationalized the doc strings.
Also simplify the module initialization -- we don't need a __version__
which is set to "$Rev" :-) and we don't need a fatal error when the
initialization fails.
- When facility not specified to syslog() method, use default from openlog()
(This is how it was claimed to work in the documentation)
- Potential resource leak of o_ident, now cleaned up in closelog()
- Minor comment accuracy fix.
most common interface to Tcl, the call() method, by maybe 20-25%.
The speedup code avoids the construction of a Tcl command string from
the argument list -- the Tcl argument list is immediately parsed back
by Tcl_Eval() into a list that is *guaranteed* (by Tcl_Merge()) to be
exactly the same list, so instead we look up the command info and call
the command function directly. If the lookup fails, we fall back to
the old method (Tcl_Merge() + Tcl_Eval()) so we don't need to worry
about special cases like undefined commands or the occasional command
("after") that sets the info.proc pointer to NULL -- let TclEval()
deal with these.
the address of the Tcl interpreter object, as an integer. Not very
useful for the Python programmer, but this can be called by another C
extension that needs to make calls into the Tcl/Tk C API and needs to
get the address of the Tcl interpreter object. A simple cast of the
return value to (Tcl_Interp *) will do the trick now.
Guido van Rossum
Fred Drake
Barry Warsaw
Andrew M. Kuchling
Jeremy Hylton