diff --git a/Lib/test/test_uuid.py b/Lib/test/test_uuid.py new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ac2c99f8082 --- /dev/null +++ b/Lib/test/test_uuid.py @@ -0,0 +1,396 @@ +from unittest import TestCase, main +import uuid + +def importable(name): + try: + __import__(name) + return True + except: + return False + +class TestUUID(TestCase): + last_node = None + + def test_UUID(self): + equal = self.assertEqual + ascending = [] + for (string, curly, hex, bytes, fields, integer, urn, + time, clock_seq, variant, version) in [ + ('00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000', + '{00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}', + '00000000000000000000000000000000', + '\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0', + (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0), + 0, + 'urn:uuid:00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000', + 0, 0, uuid.RESERVED_NCS, None), + ('00010203-0405-0607-0809-0a0b0c0d0e0f', + '{00010203-0405-0607-0809-0a0b0c0d0e0f}', + '000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f', + '\0\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05\x06\x07\x08\t\n\x0b\x0c\x0d\x0e\x0f', + (0x00010203L, 0x0405, 0x0607, 8, 9, 0x0a0b0c0d0e0fL), + 0x000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0fL, + 'urn:uuid:00010203-0405-0607-0809-0a0b0c0d0e0f', + 0x607040500010203L, 0x809, uuid.RESERVED_NCS, None), + ('02d9e6d5-9467-382e-8f9b-9300a64ac3cd', + '{02d9e6d5-9467-382e-8f9b-9300a64ac3cd}', + '02d9e6d59467382e8f9b9300a64ac3cd', + '\x02\xd9\xe6\xd5\x94\x67\x38\x2e\x8f\x9b\x93\x00\xa6\x4a\xc3\xcd', + (0x02d9e6d5L, 0x9467, 0x382e, 0x8f, 0x9b, 0x9300a64ac3cdL), + 0x02d9e6d59467382e8f9b9300a64ac3cdL, + 'urn:uuid:02d9e6d5-9467-382e-8f9b-9300a64ac3cd', + 0x82e946702d9e6d5L, 0xf9b, uuid.RFC_4122, 3), + ('12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678', + '{12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678}', + '12345678123456781234567812345678', + '\x12\x34\x56\x78'*4, + (0x12345678, 0x1234, 0x5678, 0x12, 0x34, 0x567812345678), + 0x12345678123456781234567812345678, + 'urn:uuid:12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678', + 0x678123412345678L, 0x1234, uuid.RESERVED_NCS, None), + ('6ba7b810-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8', + '{6ba7b810-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8}', + '6ba7b8109dad11d180b400c04fd430c8', + '\x6b\xa7\xb8\x10\x9d\xad\x11\xd1\x80\xb4\x00\xc0\x4f\xd4\x30\xc8', + (0x6ba7b810L, 0x9dad, 0x11d1, 0x80, 0xb4, 0x00c04fd430c8L), + 0x6ba7b8109dad11d180b400c04fd430c8L, + 'urn:uuid:6ba7b810-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8', + 0x1d19dad6ba7b810L, 0xb4, uuid.RFC_4122, 1), + ('6ba7b811-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8', + '{6ba7b811-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8}', + '6ba7b8119dad11d180b400c04fd430c8', + '\x6b\xa7\xb8\x11\x9d\xad\x11\xd1\x80\xb4\x00\xc0\x4f\xd4\x30\xc8', + (0x6ba7b811L, 0x9dad, 0x11d1, 0x80, 0xb4, 0x00c04fd430c8L), + 0x6ba7b8119dad11d180b400c04fd430c8L, + 'urn:uuid:6ba7b811-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8', + 0x1d19dad6ba7b811L, 0xb4, uuid.RFC_4122, 1), + ('6ba7b812-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8', + '{6ba7b812-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8}', + '6ba7b8129dad11d180b400c04fd430c8', + '\x6b\xa7\xb8\x12\x9d\xad\x11\xd1\x80\xb4\x00\xc0\x4f\xd4\x30\xc8', + (0x6ba7b812L, 0x9dad, 0x11d1, 0x80, 0xb4, 0x00c04fd430c8L), + 0x6ba7b8129dad11d180b400c04fd430c8L, + 'urn:uuid:6ba7b812-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8', + 0x1d19dad6ba7b812L, 0xb4, uuid.RFC_4122, 1), + ('6ba7b814-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8', + '{6ba7b814-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8}', + '6ba7b8149dad11d180b400c04fd430c8', + '\x6b\xa7\xb8\x14\x9d\xad\x11\xd1\x80\xb4\x00\xc0\x4f\xd4\x30\xc8', + (0x6ba7b814L, 0x9dad, 0x11d1, 0x80, 0xb4, 0x00c04fd430c8L), + 0x6ba7b8149dad11d180b400c04fd430c8L, + 'urn:uuid:6ba7b814-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8', + 0x1d19dad6ba7b814L, 0xb4, uuid.RFC_4122, 1), + ('7d444840-9dc0-11d1-b245-5ffdce74fad2', + '{7d444840-9dc0-11d1-b245-5ffdce74fad2}', + '7d4448409dc011d1b2455ffdce74fad2', + '\x7d\x44\x48\x40\x9d\xc0\x11\xd1\xb2\x45\x5f\xfd\xce\x74\xfa\xd2', + (0x7d444840L, 0x9dc0, 0x11d1, 0xb2, 0x45, 0x5ffdce74fad2L), + 0x7d4448409dc011d1b2455ffdce74fad2L, + 'urn:uuid:7d444840-9dc0-11d1-b245-5ffdce74fad2', + 0x1d19dc07d444840L, 0x3245, uuid.RFC_4122, 1), + ('e902893a-9d22-3c7e-a7b8-d6e313b71d9f', + '{e902893a-9d22-3c7e-a7b8-d6e313b71d9f}', + 'e902893a9d223c7ea7b8d6e313b71d9f', + '\xe9\x02\x89\x3a\x9d\x22\x3c\x7e\xa7\xb8\xd6\xe3\x13\xb7\x1d\x9f', + (0xe902893aL, 0x9d22, 0x3c7e, 0xa7, 0xb8, 0xd6e313b71d9fL), + 0xe902893a9d223c7ea7b8d6e313b71d9fL, + 'urn:uuid:e902893a-9d22-3c7e-a7b8-d6e313b71d9f', + 0xc7e9d22e902893aL, 0x27b8, uuid.RFC_4122, 3), + ('eb424026-6f54-4ef8-a4d0-bb658a1fc6cf', + '{eb424026-6f54-4ef8-a4d0-bb658a1fc6cf}', + 'eb4240266f544ef8a4d0bb658a1fc6cf', + '\xeb\x42\x40\x26\x6f\x54\x4e\xf8\xa4\xd0\xbb\x65\x8a\x1f\xc6\xcf', + (0xeb424026L, 0x6f54, 0x4ef8, 0xa4, 0xd0, 0xbb658a1fc6cfL), + 0xeb4240266f544ef8a4d0bb658a1fc6cfL, + 'urn:uuid:eb424026-6f54-4ef8-a4d0-bb658a1fc6cf', + 0xef86f54eb424026L, 0x24d0, uuid.RFC_4122, 4), + ('f81d4fae-7dec-11d0-a765-00a0c91e6bf6', + '{f81d4fae-7dec-11d0-a765-00a0c91e6bf6}', + 'f81d4fae7dec11d0a76500a0c91e6bf6', + '\xf8\x1d\x4f\xae\x7d\xec\x11\xd0\xa7\x65\x00\xa0\xc9\x1e\x6b\xf6', + (0xf81d4faeL, 0x7dec, 0x11d0, 0xa7, 0x65, 0x00a0c91e6bf6L), + 0xf81d4fae7dec11d0a76500a0c91e6bf6L, + 'urn:uuid:f81d4fae-7dec-11d0-a765-00a0c91e6bf6', + 0x1d07decf81d4faeL, 0x2765, uuid.RFC_4122, 1), + ('fffefdfc-fffe-fffe-fffe-fffefdfcfbfa', + '{fffefdfc-fffe-fffe-fffe-fffefdfcfbfa}', + 'fffefdfcfffefffefffefffefdfcfbfa', + '\xff\xfe\xfd\xfc\xff\xfe\xff\xfe\xff\xfe\xff\xfe\xfd\xfc\xfb\xfa', + (0xfffefdfcL, 0xfffe, 0xfffe, 0xff, 0xfe, 0xfffefdfcfbfaL), + 0xfffefdfcfffefffefffefffefdfcfbfaL, + 'urn:uuid:fffefdfc-fffe-fffe-fffe-fffefdfcfbfa', + 0xffefffefffefdfcL, 0x3ffe, uuid.RESERVED_FUTURE, None), + ('ffffffff-ffff-ffff-ffff-ffffffffffff', + '{ffffffff-ffff-ffff-ffff-ffffffffffff}', + 'ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff', + '\xff'*16, + (0xffffffffL, 0xffffL, 0xffffL, 0xff, 0xff, 0xffffffffffffL), + 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffL, + 'urn:uuid:ffffffff-ffff-ffff-ffff-ffffffffffff', + 0xfffffffffffffffL, 0x3fff, uuid.RESERVED_FUTURE, None), + ]: + equivalents = [] + # Construct each UUID in several different ways. + for u in [uuid.UUID(string), uuid.UUID(curly), uuid.UUID(hex), + uuid.UUID(bytes=bytes), uuid.UUID(fields=fields), + uuid.UUID(int=integer), uuid.UUID(urn)]: + # Test all conversions and properties of the UUID object. + equal(str(u), string) + equal(int(u), integer) + equal(u.bytes, bytes) + equal(u.fields, fields) + equal(u.time_low, fields[0]) + equal(u.time_mid, fields[1]) + equal(u.time_hi_version, fields[2]) + equal(u.clock_seq_hi_variant, fields[3]) + equal(u.clock_seq_low, fields[4]) + equal(u.node, fields[5]) + equal(u.hex, hex) + equal(u.int, integer) + equal(u.urn, urn) + equal(u.time, time) + equal(u.clock_seq, clock_seq) + equal(u.variant, variant) + equal(u.version, version) + equivalents.append(u) + + # Different construction methods should give the same UUID. + for u in equivalents: + for v in equivalents: + equal(u, v) + ascending.append(u) + + # Test comparison of UUIDs. + for i in range(len(ascending)): + for j in range(len(ascending)): + equal(cmp(i, j), cmp(ascending[i], ascending[j])) + + # Test sorting of UUIDs (above list is in ascending order). + resorted = ascending[:] + resorted.reverse() + resorted.sort() + equal(ascending, resorted) + + def test_exceptions(self): + badvalue = lambda f: self.assertRaises(ValueError, f) + badtype = lambda f: self.assertRaises(TypeError, f) + + # Badly formed hex strings. + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID('')) + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID('abc')) + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID('1234567812345678123456781234567')) + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID('123456781234567812345678123456789')) + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID('123456781234567812345678z2345678')) + + # Badly formed bytes. + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID(bytes='abc')) + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID(bytes='\0'*15)) + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID(bytes='\0'*17)) + + # Badly formed fields. + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID(fields=(1,))) + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID(fields=(1, 2, 3, 4, 5))) + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID(fields=(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7))) + + # Field values out of range. + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID(fields=(-1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0))) + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID(fields=(0x100000000L, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0))) + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID(fields=(0, -1, 0, 0, 0, 0))) + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID(fields=(0, 0x10000L, 0, 0, 0, 0))) + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID(fields=(0, 0, -1, 0, 0, 0))) + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID(fields=(0, 0, 0x10000L, 0, 0, 0))) + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID(fields=(0, 0, 0, -1, 0, 0))) + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID(fields=(0, 0, 0, 0x100L, 0, 0))) + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID(fields=(0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 0))) + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID(fields=(0, 0, 0, 0, 0x100L, 0))) + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID(fields=(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, -1))) + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID(fields=(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0x1000000000000L))) + + # Version number out of range. + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID('00'*16, version=0)) + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID('00'*16, version=6)) + + # Integer value out of range. + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID(int=-1)) + badvalue(lambda: uuid.UUID(int=1<<128L)) + + # Must supply exactly one of hex, bytes, fields, int. + h, b, f, i = '00'*16, '\0'*16, (0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0), 0 + uuid.UUID(h) + uuid.UUID(hex=h) + uuid.UUID(bytes=b) + uuid.UUID(fields=f) + uuid.UUID(int=i) + + # Wrong number of arguments (positional). + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID()) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(h, b)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(h, b, f)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(h, b, f, i)) + + # Duplicate arguments (named). + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(hex=h, bytes=b)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(hex=h, fields=f)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(hex=h, int=i)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(bytes=b, fields=f)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(bytes=b, int=i)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(fields=f, int=i)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(hex=h, bytes=b, fields=f)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(hex=h, bytes=b, int=i)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(hex=h, fields=f, int=i)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(bytes=b, int=i, fields=f)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(hex=h, bytes=b, int=i, fields=f)) + + # Duplicate arguments (positional and named). + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(h, hex=h)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(h, bytes=b)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(h, fields=f)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(h, int=i)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(h, hex=h, bytes=b)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(h, hex=h, fields=f)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(h, hex=h, int=i)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(h, bytes=b, fields=f)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(h, bytes=b, int=i)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(h, fields=f, int=i)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(h, hex=h, bytes=b, fields=f)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(h, hex=h, bytes=b, int=i)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(h, hex=h, fields=f, int=i)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(h, bytes=b, int=i, fields=f)) + badtype(lambda: uuid.UUID(h, hex=h, bytes=b, int=i, fields=f)) + + # Immutability. + u = uuid.UUID(h) + badtype(lambda: setattr(u, 'hex', h)) + badtype(lambda: setattr(u, 'bytes', b)) + badtype(lambda: setattr(u, 'fields', f)) + badtype(lambda: setattr(u, 'int', i)) + + def check_node(self, node, source=''): + individual_group_bit = (node >> 40L) & 1 + universal_local_bit = (node >> 40L) & 2 + message = "%012x doesn't look like a real MAC address" % node + self.assertEqual(individual_group_bit, 0, message) + self.assertEqual(universal_local_bit, 0, message) + self.assertNotEqual(node, 0, message) + self.assertNotEqual(node, 0xffffffffffffL, message) + self.assert_(0 <= node, message) + self.assert_(node < 1<<48L, message) + + import sys + if source: + sys.stderr.write('(%s: %012x)' % (source, node)) + if TestUUID.last_node: + self.assertEqual(TestUUID.last_node, node, 'inconsistent node IDs') + else: + TestUUID.last_node = node + + def test_ifconfig_getnode(self): + import os + if os.name == 'posix': + self.check_node(uuid._ifconfig_getnode(), 'ifconfig') + + def test_ipconfig_getnode(self): + import os + if os.name == 'nt': + self.check_node(uuid._ipconfig_getnode(), 'ipconfig') + + def test_netbios_getnode(self): + if importable('win32wnet') and importable('netbios'): + self.check_node(uuid._netbios_getnode(), 'netbios') + + def test_random_getnode(self): + node = uuid._random_getnode() + self.assert_(0 <= node) + self.assert_(node < 1<<48L) + + def test_unixdll_getnode(self): + import os + if importable('ctypes') and os.name == 'posix': + self.check_node(uuid._unixdll_getnode(), 'unixdll') + + def test_windll_getnode(self): + import os + if importable('ctypes') and os.name == 'nt': + self.check_node(uuid._windll_getnode(), 'windll') + + def test_getnode(self): + self.check_node(uuid.getnode()) + + # Test it again to ensure consistency. + self.check_node(uuid.getnode()) + + def test_uuid1(self): + equal = self.assertEqual + + # Make sure uuid4() generates UUIDs that are actually version 1. + for u in [uuid.uuid1() for i in range(10)]: + equal(u.variant, uuid.RFC_4122) + equal(u.version, 1) + + # Make sure the supplied node ID appears in the UUID. + u = uuid.uuid1(0) + equal(u.node, 0) + u = uuid.uuid1(0x123456789abc) + equal(u.node, 0x123456789abc) + u = uuid.uuid1(0xffffffffffff) + equal(u.node, 0xffffffffffff) + + # Make sure the supplied clock sequence appears in the UUID. + u = uuid.uuid1(0x123456789abc, 0) + equal(u.node, 0x123456789abc) + equal(((u.clock_seq_hi_variant & 0x3f) << 8) | u.clock_seq_low, 0) + u = uuid.uuid1(0x123456789abc, 0x1234) + equal(u.node, 0x123456789abc) + equal(((u.clock_seq_hi_variant & 0x3f) << 8) | + u.clock_seq_low, 0x1234) + u = uuid.uuid1(0x123456789abc, 0x3fff) + equal(u.node, 0x123456789abc) + equal(((u.clock_seq_hi_variant & 0x3f) << 8) | + u.clock_seq_low, 0x3fff) + + def test_uuid3(self): + equal = self.assertEqual + + # Test some known version-3 UUIDs. + for u, v in [(uuid.uuid3(uuid.NAMESPACE_DNS, 'python.org'), + '6fa459ea-ee8a-3ca4-894e-db77e160355e'), + (uuid.uuid3(uuid.NAMESPACE_URL, 'http://python.org/'), + '9fe8e8c4-aaa8-32a9-a55c-4535a88b748d'), + (uuid.uuid3(uuid.NAMESPACE_OID, '1.3.6.1'), + 'dd1a1cef-13d5-368a-ad82-eca71acd4cd1'), + (uuid.uuid3(uuid.NAMESPACE_X500, 'c=ca'), + '658d3002-db6b-3040-a1d1-8ddd7d189a4d'), + ]: + equal(u.variant, uuid.RFC_4122) + equal(u.version, 3) + equal(u, uuid.UUID(v)) + equal(str(u), v) + + def test_uuid4(self): + equal = self.assertEqual + + # Make sure uuid4() generates UUIDs that are actually version 4. + for u in [uuid.uuid4() for i in range(10)]: + equal(u.variant, uuid.RFC_4122) + equal(u.version, 4) + + def test_uuid5(self): + equal = self.assertEqual + + # Test some known version-5 UUIDs. + for u, v in [(uuid.uuid5(uuid.NAMESPACE_DNS, 'python.org'), + '886313e1-3b8a-5372-9b90-0c9aee199e5d'), + (uuid.uuid5(uuid.NAMESPACE_URL, 'http://python.org/'), + '4c565f0d-3f5a-5890-b41b-20cf47701c5e'), + (uuid.uuid5(uuid.NAMESPACE_OID, '1.3.6.1'), + '1447fa61-5277-5fef-a9b3-fbc6e44f4af3'), + (uuid.uuid5(uuid.NAMESPACE_X500, 'c=ca'), + 'cc957dd1-a972-5349-98cd-874190002798'), + ]: + equal(u.variant, uuid.RFC_4122) + equal(u.version, 5) + equal(u, uuid.UUID(v)) + equal(str(u), v) + +if __name__ == '__main__': + main() diff --git a/Lib/uuid.py b/Lib/uuid.py new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..75d189ff7e3 --- /dev/null +++ b/Lib/uuid.py @@ -0,0 +1,477 @@ +r"""UUID objects (universally unique identifiers) according to RFC 4122. + +This module provides immutable UUID objects (class UUID) and the functions +uuid1(), uuid3(), uuid4(), uuid5() for generating version 1, 3, 4, and 5 +UUIDs as specified in RFC 4122. + +If all you want is a unique ID, you should probably call uuid1() or uuid4(). +Note that uuid1() may compromise privacy since it creates a UUID containing +the computer's network address. uuid4() creates a random UUID. + +Typical usage: + + >>> import uuid + + # make a UUID based on the host ID and current time + >>> uuid.uuid1() + UUID('a8098c1a-f86e-11da-bd1a-00112444be1e') + + # make a UUID using an MD5 hash of a namespace UUID and a name + >>> uuid.uuid3(uuid.NAMESPACE_DNS, 'python.org') + UUID('6fa459ea-ee8a-3ca4-894e-db77e160355e') + + # make a random UUID + >>> uuid.uuid4() + UUID('16fd2706-8baf-433b-82eb-8c7fada847da') + + # make a UUID using a SHA-1 hash of a namespace UUID and a name + >>> uuid.uuid5(uuid.NAMESPACE_DNS, 'python.org') + UUID('886313e1-3b8a-5372-9b90-0c9aee199e5d') + + # make a UUID from a string of hex digits (braces and hyphens ignored) + >>> x = uuid.UUID('{00010203-0405-0607-0809-0a0b0c0d0e0f}') + + # convert a UUID to a string of hex digits in standard form + >>> str(x) + '00010203-0405-0607-0809-0a0b0c0d0e0f' + + # get the raw 16 bytes of the UUID + >>> x.bytes + '\x00\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05\x06\x07\x08\t\n\x0b\x0c\r\x0e\x0f' + + # make a UUID from a 16-byte string + >>> uuid.UUID(bytes=x.bytes) + UUID('00010203-0405-0607-0809-0a0b0c0d0e0f') + +This module works with Python 2.3 or higher.""" + +__author__ = 'Ka-Ping Yee ' +__date__ = '$Date: 2006/06/12 23:15:40 $'.split()[1].replace('/', '-') +__version__ = '$Revision: 1.30 $'.split()[1] + +RESERVED_NCS, RFC_4122, RESERVED_MICROSOFT, RESERVED_FUTURE = [ + 'reserved for NCS compatibility', 'specified in RFC 4122', + 'reserved for Microsoft compatibility', 'reserved for future definition'] + +class UUID(object): + """Instances of the UUID class represent UUIDs as specified in RFC 4122. + UUID objects are immutable, hashable, and usable as dictionary keys. + Converting a UUID to a string with str() yields something in the form + '12345678-1234-1234-1234-123456789abc'. The UUID constructor accepts + four possible forms: a similar string of hexadecimal digits, or a + string of 16 raw bytes as an argument named 'bytes', or a tuple of + six integer fields (with 32-bit, 16-bit, 16-bit, 8-bit, 8-bit, and + 48-bit values respectively) as an argument named 'fields', or a single + 128-bit integer as an argument named 'int'. + + UUIDs have these read-only attributes: + + bytes the UUID as a 16-byte string + + fields a tuple of the six integer fields of the UUID, + which are also available as six individual attributes + and two derived attributes: + + time_low the first 32 bits of the UUID + time_mid the next 16 bits of the UUID + time_hi_version the next 16 bits of the UUID + clock_seq_hi_variant the next 8 bits of the UUID + clock_seq_low the next 8 bits of the UUID + node the last 48 bits of the UUID + + time the 60-bit timestamp + clock_seq the 14-bit sequence number + + hex the UUID as a 32-character hexadecimal string + + int the UUID as a 128-bit integer + + urn the UUID as a URN as specified in RFC 4122 + + variant the UUID variant (one of the constants RESERVED_NCS, + RFC_4122, RESERVED_MICROSOFT, or RESERVED_FUTURE) + + version the UUID version number (1 through 5, meaningful only + when the variant is RFC_4122) + """ + + def __init__(self, hex=None, bytes=None, fields=None, int=None, + version=None): + r"""Create a UUID from either a string of 32 hexadecimal digits, + a string of 16 bytes as the 'bytes' argument, a tuple of six + integers (32-bit time_low, 16-bit time_mid, 16-bit time_hi_version, + 8-bit clock_seq_hi_variant, 8-bit clock_seq_low, 48-bit node) as + the 'fields' argument, or a single 128-bit integer as the 'int' + argument. When a string of hex digits is given, curly braces, + hyphens, and a URN prefix are all optional. For example, these + expressions all yield the same UUID: + + UUID('{12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678}') + UUID('12345678123456781234567812345678') + UUID('urn:uuid:12345678-1234-5678-1234-567812345678') + UUID(bytes='\x12\x34\x56\x78'*4) + UUID(fields=(0x12345678, 0x1234, 0x5678, 0x12, 0x34, 0x567812345678)) + UUID(int=0x12345678123456781234567812345678) + + Exactly one of 'hex', 'bytes', 'fields', or 'int' must be given. + The 'version' argument is optional; if given, the resulting UUID + will have its variant and version number set according to RFC 4122, + overriding bits in the given 'hex', 'bytes', 'fields', or 'int'. + """ + + if [hex, bytes, fields, int].count(None) != 3: + raise TypeError('need just one of hex, bytes, fields, or int') + if hex is not None: + hex = hex.replace('urn:', '').replace('uuid:', '') + hex = hex.strip('{}').replace('-', '') + if len(hex) != 32: + raise ValueError('badly formed hexadecimal UUID string') + int = long(hex, 16) + if bytes is not None: + if len(bytes) != 16: + raise ValueError('bytes is not a 16-char string') + int = long(('%02x'*16) % tuple(map(ord, bytes)), 16) + if fields is not None: + if len(fields) != 6: + raise ValueError('fields is not a 6-tuple') + (time_low, time_mid, time_hi_version, + clock_seq_hi_variant, clock_seq_low, node) = fields + if not 0 <= time_low < 1<<32L: + raise ValueError('field 1 out of range (need a 32-bit value)') + if not 0 <= time_mid < 1<<16L: + raise ValueError('field 2 out of range (need a 16-bit value)') + if not 0 <= time_hi_version < 1<<16L: + raise ValueError('field 3 out of range (need a 16-bit value)') + if not 0 <= clock_seq_hi_variant < 1<<8L: + raise ValueError('field 4 out of range (need an 8-bit value)') + if not 0 <= clock_seq_low < 1<<8L: + raise ValueError('field 5 out of range (need an 8-bit value)') + if not 0 <= node < 1<<48L: + raise ValueError('field 6 out of range (need a 48-bit value)') + clock_seq = (clock_seq_hi_variant << 8L) | clock_seq_low + int = ((time_low << 96L) | (time_mid << 80L) | + (time_hi_version << 64L) | (clock_seq << 48L) | node) + if int is not None: + if not 0 <= int < 1<<128L: + raise ValueError('int is out of range (need a 128-bit value)') + if version is not None: + if not 1 <= version <= 5: + raise ValueError('illegal version number') + # Set the variant to RFC 4122. + int &= ~(0xc000 << 48L) + int |= 0x8000 << 48L + # Set the version number. + int &= ~(0xf000 << 64L) + int |= version << 76L + self.__dict__['int'] = int + + def __cmp__(self, other): + if isinstance(other, UUID): + return cmp(self.int, other.int) + return NotImplemented + + def __hash__(self): + return hash(self.int) + + def __int__(self): + return self.int + + def __repr__(self): + return 'UUID(%r)' % str(self) + + def __setattr__(self, name, value): + raise TypeError('UUID objects are immutable') + + def __str__(self): + hex = '%032x' % self.int + return '%s-%s-%s-%s-%s' % ( + hex[:8], hex[8:12], hex[12:16], hex[16:20], hex[20:]) + + def get_bytes(self): + bytes = '' + for shift in range(0, 128, 8): + bytes = chr((self.int >> shift) & 0xff) + bytes + return bytes + + bytes = property(get_bytes) + + def get_fields(self): + return (self.time_low, self.time_mid, self.time_hi_version, + self.clock_seq_hi_variant, self.clock_seq_low, self.node) + + fields = property(get_fields) + + def get_time_low(self): + return self.int >> 96L + + time_low = property(get_time_low) + + def get_time_mid(self): + return (self.int >> 80L) & 0xffff + + time_mid = property(get_time_mid) + + def get_time_hi_version(self): + return (self.int >> 64L) & 0xffff + + time_hi_version = property(get_time_hi_version) + + def get_clock_seq_hi_variant(self): + return (self.int >> 56L) & 0xff + + clock_seq_hi_variant = property(get_clock_seq_hi_variant) + + def get_clock_seq_low(self): + return (self.int >> 48L) & 0xff + + clock_seq_low = property(get_clock_seq_low) + + def get_time(self): + return (((self.time_hi_version & 0x0fffL) << 48L) | + (self.time_mid << 32L) | self.time_low) + + time = property(get_time) + + def get_clock_seq(self): + return (((self.clock_seq_hi_variant & 0x3fL) << 8L) | + self.clock_seq_low) + + clock_seq = property(get_clock_seq) + + def get_node(self): + return self.int & 0xffffffffffff + + node = property(get_node) + + def get_hex(self): + return '%032x' % self.int + + hex = property(get_hex) + + def get_urn(self): + return 'urn:uuid:' + str(self) + + urn = property(get_urn) + + def get_variant(self): + if not self.int & (0x8000 << 48L): + return RESERVED_NCS + elif not self.int & (0x4000 << 48L): + return RFC_4122 + elif not self.int & (0x2000 << 48L): + return RESERVED_MICROSOFT + else: + return RESERVED_FUTURE + + variant = property(get_variant) + + def get_version(self): + # The version bits are only meaningful for RFC 4122 UUIDs. + if self.variant == RFC_4122: + return int((self.int >> 76L) & 0xf) + + version = property(get_version) + +def _ifconfig_getnode(): + """Get the hardware address on Unix by running ifconfig.""" + import os + for dir in ['', '/sbin/', '/usr/sbin']: + try: + pipe = os.popen(os.path.join(dir, 'ifconfig')) + except IOError: + continue + for line in pipe: + words = line.lower().split() + for i in range(len(words)): + if words[i] in ['hwaddr', 'ether']: + return int(words[i + 1].replace(':', ''), 16) + +def _ipconfig_getnode(): + """Get the hardware address on Windows by running ipconfig.exe.""" + import os, re + dirs = ['', r'c:\windows\system32', r'c:\winnt\system32'] + try: + import ctypes + buffer = ctypes.create_string_buffer(300) + ctypes.windll.kernel32.GetSystemDirectoryA(buffer, 300) + dirs.insert(0, buffer.value.decode('mbcs')) + except: + pass + for dir in dirs: + try: + pipe = os.popen(os.path.join(dir, 'ipconfig') + ' /all') + except IOError: + continue + for line in pipe: + value = line.split(':')[-1].strip().lower() + if re.match('([0-9a-f][0-9a-f]-){5}[0-9a-f][0-9a-f]', value): + return int(value.replace('-', ''), 16) + +def _netbios_getnode(): + """Get the hardware address on Windows using NetBIOS calls. + See http://support.microsoft.com/kb/118623 for details.""" + import win32wnet, netbios + ncb = netbios.NCB() + ncb.Command = netbios.NCBENUM + ncb.Buffer = adapters = netbios.LANA_ENUM() + adapters._pack() + if win32wnet.Netbios(ncb) != 0: + return + adapters._unpack() + for i in range(adapters.length): + ncb.Reset() + ncb.Command = netbios.NCBRESET + ncb.Lana_num = ord(adapters.lana[i]) + if win32wnet.Netbios(ncb) != 0: + continue + ncb.Reset() + ncb.Command = netbios.NCBASTAT + ncb.Lana_num = ord(adapters.lana[i]) + ncb.Callname = '*'.ljust(16) + ncb.Buffer = status = netbios.ADAPTER_STATUS() + if win32wnet.Netbios(ncb) != 0: + continue + status._unpack() + bytes = map(ord, status.adapter_address) + return ((bytes[0]<<40L) + (bytes[1]<<32L) + (bytes[2]<<24L) + + (bytes[3]<<16L) + (bytes[4]<<8L) + bytes[5]) + +# Thanks to Thomas Heller for ctypes and for his help with its use here. + +# If ctypes is available, use it to find system routines for UUID generation. +_uuid_generate_random = _uuid_generate_time = _UuidCreate = None +try: + import ctypes, ctypes.util + _buffer = ctypes.create_string_buffer(16) + + # The uuid_generate_* routines are provided by libuuid on at least + # Linux and FreeBSD, and provided by libc on Mac OS X. + for libname in ['uuid', 'c']: + try: + lib = ctypes.CDLL(ctypes.util.find_library(libname)) + except: + continue + if hasattr(lib, 'uuid_generate_random'): + _uuid_generate_random = lib.uuid_generate_random + if hasattr(lib, 'uuid_generate_time'): + _uuid_generate_time = lib.uuid_generate_time + + # On Windows prior to 2000, UuidCreate gives a UUID containing the + # hardware address. On Windows 2000 and later, UuidCreate makes a + # random UUID and UuidCreateSequential gives a UUID containing the + # hardware address. These routines are provided by the RPC runtime. + try: + lib = ctypes.windll.rpcrt4 + except: + lib = None + _UuidCreate = getattr(lib, 'UuidCreateSequential', + getattr(lib, 'UuidCreate', None)) +except: + pass + +def _unixdll_getnode(): + """Get the hardware address on Unix using ctypes.""" + _uuid_generate_time(_buffer) + return UUID(bytes=_buffer.raw).node + +def _windll_getnode(): + """Get the hardware address on Windows using ctypes.""" + if _UuidCreate(_buffer) == 0: + return UUID(bytes=_buffer.raw).node + +def _random_getnode(): + """Get a random node ID, with eighth bit set as suggested by RFC 4122.""" + import random + return random.randrange(0, 1<<48L) | 0x010000000000L + +_node = None + +def getnode(): + """Get the hardware address as a 48-bit integer. The first time this + runs, it may launch a separate program, which could be quite slow. If + all attempts to obtain the hardware address fail, we choose a random + 48-bit number with its eighth bit set to 1 as recommended in RFC 4122.""" + + global _node + if _node is not None: + return _node + + import sys + if sys.platform == 'win32': + getters = [_windll_getnode, _netbios_getnode, _ipconfig_getnode] + else: + getters = [_unixdll_getnode, _ifconfig_getnode] + + for getter in getters + [_random_getnode]: + try: + _node = getter() + except: + continue + if _node is not None: + return _node + +def uuid1(node=None, clock_seq=None): + """Generate a UUID from a host ID, sequence number, and the current time. + If 'node' is not given, getnode() is used to obtain the hardware + address. If 'clock_seq' is given, it is used as the sequence number; + otherwise a random 14-bit sequence number is chosen.""" + + # When the system provides a version-1 UUID generator, use it (but don't + # use UuidCreate here because its UUIDs don't conform to RFC 4122). + if _uuid_generate_time and node is clock_seq is None: + _uuid_generate_time(_buffer) + return UUID(bytes=_buffer.raw) + + import time + nanoseconds = int(time.time() * 1e9) + # 0x01b21dd213814000 is the number of 100-ns intervals between the + # UUID epoch 1582-10-15 00:00:00 and the Unix epoch 1970-01-01 00:00:00. + timestamp = int(nanoseconds/100) + 0x01b21dd213814000L + if clock_seq is None: + import random + clock_seq = random.randrange(1<<14L) # instead of stable storage + time_low = timestamp & 0xffffffffL + time_mid = (timestamp >> 32L) & 0xffffL + time_hi_version = (timestamp >> 48L) & 0x0fffL + clock_seq_low = clock_seq & 0xffL + clock_seq_hi_variant = (clock_seq >> 8L) & 0x3fL + if node is None: + node = getnode() + return UUID(fields=(time_low, time_mid, time_hi_version, + clock_seq_hi_variant, clock_seq_low, node), version=1) + +def uuid3(namespace, name): + """Generate a UUID from the MD5 hash of a namespace UUID and a name.""" + import md5 + hash = md5.md5(namespace.bytes + name).digest() + return UUID(bytes=hash[:16], version=3) + +def uuid4(): + """Generate a random UUID.""" + + # When the system provides a version-4 UUID generator, use it. + if _uuid_generate_random: + _uuid_generate_random(_buffer) + return UUID(bytes=_buffer.raw) + + # Otherwise, get randomness from urandom or the 'random' module. + try: + import os + return UUID(bytes=os.urandom(16), version=4) + except: + import random + bytes = [chr(random.randrange(256)) for i in range(16)] + return UUID(bytes=bytes, version=4) + +def uuid5(namespace, name): + """Generate a UUID from the SHA-1 hash of a namespace UUID and a name.""" + import sha + hash = sha.sha(namespace.bytes + name).digest() + return UUID(bytes=hash[:16], version=5) + +# The following standard UUIDs are for use with uuid3() or uuid5(). + +NAMESPACE_DNS = UUID('6ba7b810-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8') +NAMESPACE_URL = UUID('6ba7b811-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8') +NAMESPACE_OID = UUID('6ba7b812-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8') +NAMESPACE_X500 = UUID('6ba7b814-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8')