diff --git a/Include/object.h b/Include/object.h
index c0371c82906..8b2afc2bc5b 100644
--- a/Include/object.h
+++ b/Include/object.h
@@ -729,8 +729,8 @@ you can count such references to the type object.)
  */
 #ifdef Py_REF_DEBUG
 PyAPI_DATA(Py_ssize_t) _Py_RefTotal;
-PyAPI_FUNC(void) _Py_NegativeRefcount(const char *fname,
-                                            int lineno, PyObject *op);
+PyAPI_FUNC(void) _Py_NegativeRefcount(const char *filename, int lineno,
+                                      PyObject *op);
 PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) _Py_GetRefTotal(void);
 #define _Py_INC_REFTOTAL        _Py_RefTotal++
 #define _Py_DEC_REFTOTAL        _Py_RefTotal--
diff --git a/Include/pydtrace.h b/Include/pydtrace.h
index 037961d429c..cfe192fc5d2 100644
--- a/Include/pydtrace.h
+++ b/Include/pydtrace.h
@@ -25,29 +25,29 @@ extern "C" {
 
 /* Without DTrace, compile to nothing. */
 
-static inline void PyDTrace_LINE(const char *arg0, const char *arg1, int arg2) {}
-static inline void PyDTrace_FUNCTION_ENTRY(const char *arg0, const char *arg1, int arg2)  {}
-static inline void PyDTrace_FUNCTION_RETURN(const char *arg0, const char *arg1, int arg2) {}
-static inline void PyDTrace_GC_START(int arg0) {}
-static inline void PyDTrace_GC_DONE(int arg0) {}
-static inline void PyDTrace_INSTANCE_NEW_START(int arg0) {}
-static inline void PyDTrace_INSTANCE_NEW_DONE(int arg0) {}
-static inline void PyDTrace_INSTANCE_DELETE_START(int arg0) {}
-static inline void PyDTrace_INSTANCE_DELETE_DONE(int arg0) {}
-static inline void PyDTrace_IMPORT_FIND_LOAD_START(const char *arg0) {}
-static inline void PyDTrace_IMPORT_FIND_LOAD_DONE(const char *arg0, int arg1) {}
+Py_STATIC_INLINE(void) PyDTrace_LINE(const char *arg0, const char *arg1, int arg2) {}
+Py_STATIC_INLINE(void) PyDTrace_FUNCTION_ENTRY(const char *arg0, const char *arg1, int arg2)  {}
+Py_STATIC_INLINE(void) PyDTrace_FUNCTION_RETURN(const char *arg0, const char *arg1, int arg2) {}
+Py_STATIC_INLINE(void) PyDTrace_GC_START(int arg0) {}
+Py_STATIC_INLINE(void) PyDTrace_GC_DONE(int arg0) {}
+Py_STATIC_INLINE(void) PyDTrace_INSTANCE_NEW_START(int arg0) {}
+Py_STATIC_INLINE(void) PyDTrace_INSTANCE_NEW_DONE(int arg0) {}
+Py_STATIC_INLINE(void) PyDTrace_INSTANCE_DELETE_START(int arg0) {}
+Py_STATIC_INLINE(void) PyDTrace_INSTANCE_DELETE_DONE(int arg0) {}
+Py_STATIC_INLINE(void) PyDTrace_IMPORT_FIND_LOAD_START(const char *arg0) {}
+Py_STATIC_INLINE(void) PyDTrace_IMPORT_FIND_LOAD_DONE(const char *arg0, int arg1) {}
 
-static inline int PyDTrace_LINE_ENABLED(void) { return 0; }
-static inline int PyDTrace_FUNCTION_ENTRY_ENABLED(void) { return 0; }
-static inline int PyDTrace_FUNCTION_RETURN_ENABLED(void) { return 0; }
-static inline int PyDTrace_GC_START_ENABLED(void) { return 0; }
-static inline int PyDTrace_GC_DONE_ENABLED(void) { return 0; }
-static inline int PyDTrace_INSTANCE_NEW_START_ENABLED(void) { return 0; }
-static inline int PyDTrace_INSTANCE_NEW_DONE_ENABLED(void) { return 0; }
-static inline int PyDTrace_INSTANCE_DELETE_START_ENABLED(void) { return 0; }
-static inline int PyDTrace_INSTANCE_DELETE_DONE_ENABLED(void) { return 0; }
-static inline int PyDTrace_IMPORT_FIND_LOAD_START_ENABLED(void) { return 0; }
-static inline int PyDTrace_IMPORT_FIND_LOAD_DONE_ENABLED(void) { return 0; }
+Py_STATIC_INLINE(int) PyDTrace_LINE_ENABLED(void) { return 0; }
+Py_STATIC_INLINE(int) PyDTrace_FUNCTION_ENTRY_ENABLED(void) { return 0; }
+Py_STATIC_INLINE(int) PyDTrace_FUNCTION_RETURN_ENABLED(void) { return 0; }
+Py_STATIC_INLINE(int) PyDTrace_GC_START_ENABLED(void) { return 0; }
+Py_STATIC_INLINE(int) PyDTrace_GC_DONE_ENABLED(void) { return 0; }
+Py_STATIC_INLINE(int) PyDTrace_INSTANCE_NEW_START_ENABLED(void) { return 0; }
+Py_STATIC_INLINE(int) PyDTrace_INSTANCE_NEW_DONE_ENABLED(void) { return 0; }
+Py_STATIC_INLINE(int) PyDTrace_INSTANCE_DELETE_START_ENABLED(void) { return 0; }
+Py_STATIC_INLINE(int) PyDTrace_INSTANCE_DELETE_DONE_ENABLED(void) { return 0; }
+Py_STATIC_INLINE(int) PyDTrace_IMPORT_FIND_LOAD_START_ENABLED(void) { return 0; }
+Py_STATIC_INLINE(int) PyDTrace_IMPORT_FIND_LOAD_DONE_ENABLED(void) { return 0; }
 
 #endif /* !WITH_DTRACE */
 
diff --git a/Include/pyport.h b/Include/pyport.h
index f4b547a50b8..2f87f53700a 100644
--- a/Include/pyport.h
+++ b/Include/pyport.h
@@ -164,20 +164,37 @@ typedef int Py_ssize_clean_t;
  */
 
 #if defined(_MSC_VER)
-#if defined(PY_LOCAL_AGGRESSIVE)
-/* enable more aggressive optimization for visual studio */
-#pragma optimize("agtw", on)
+#  if defined(PY_LOCAL_AGGRESSIVE)
+   /* enable more aggressive optimization for visual studio */
+#  pragma optimize("agtw", on)
 #endif
-/* ignore warnings if the compiler decides not to inline a function */
-#pragma warning(disable: 4710)
-/* fastest possible local call under MSVC */
-#define Py_LOCAL(type) static type __fastcall
-#define Py_LOCAL_INLINE(type) static __inline type __fastcall
+   /* ignore warnings if the compiler decides not to inline a function */
+#  pragma warning(disable: 4710)
+   /* fastest possible local call under MSVC */
+#  define Py_LOCAL(type) static type __fastcall
+#  define Py_LOCAL_INLINE(type) static __inline type __fastcall
 #else
-#define Py_LOCAL(type) static type
-#define Py_LOCAL_INLINE(type) static inline type
+#  define Py_LOCAL(type) static type
+#  define Py_LOCAL_INLINE(type) static inline type
 #endif
 
+/* Declare a "static inline" function. Typical usage:
+
+     Py_STATIC_INLINE(int) add(int a, int b) { return a + b; }
+
+   If the compiler supports it, try to always inline the function even if no
+   optimization level was specified. */
+#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
+#  define Py_STATIC_INLINE(TYPE) \
+       __attribute__((always_inline)) static inline TYPE
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+#  define Py_STATIC_INLINE(TYPE) \
+       static __forceinline TYPE
+#else
+#  define Py_STATIC_INLINE(TYPE) static inline TYPE
+#endif
+
+
 /* Py_MEMCPY is kept for backwards compatibility,
  * see https://bugs.python.org/issue28126 */
 #define Py_MEMCPY memcpy
diff --git a/Lib/test/test_capi.py b/Lib/test/test_capi.py
index 49297f461da..a732f4f82f3 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_capi.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_capi.py
@@ -315,6 +315,23 @@ class CAPITest(unittest.TestCase):
         self.assertRaises(TypeError, _testcapi.get_mapping_values, bad_mapping)
         self.assertRaises(TypeError, _testcapi.get_mapping_items, bad_mapping)
 
+    @unittest.skipUnless(hasattr(_testcapi, 'negative_refcount'),
+                         'need _testcapi.negative_refcount')
+    def test_negative_refcount(self):
+        # bpo-35059: Check that Py_DECREF() reports the correct filename
+        # when calling _Py_NegativeRefcount() to abort Python.
+        code = textwrap.dedent("""
+            import _testcapi
+            from test import support
+
+            with support.SuppressCrashReport():
+                _testcapi.negative_refcount()
+        """)
+        rc, out, err = assert_python_failure('-c', code)
+        self.assertRegex(err,
+                         br'_testcapimodule\.c:[0-9]+ object at .* '
+                         br'has negative ref count', err)
+
 
 class TestPendingCalls(unittest.TestCase):
 
diff --git a/Modules/_testcapimodule.c b/Modules/_testcapimodule.c
index 4381e93ca91..b2cda514230 100644
--- a/Modules/_testcapimodule.c
+++ b/Modules/_testcapimodule.c
@@ -4818,6 +4818,25 @@ fail:
 }
 
 
+#ifdef Py_REF_DEBUG
+static PyObject *
+negative_refcount(PyObject *self, PyObject *Py_UNUSED(args))
+{
+    PyObject *obj = PyUnicode_FromString("negative_refcount");
+    if (obj == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    assert(Py_REFCNT(obj) == 1);
+
+    Py_REFCNT(obj) = 0;
+    /* Py_DECREF() must call _Py_NegativeRefcount() and abort Python */
+    Py_DECREF(obj);
+
+    Py_RETURN_NONE;
+}
+#endif
+
+
 static PyMethodDef TestMethods[] = {
     {"raise_exception",         raise_exception,                 METH_VARARGS},
     {"raise_memoryerror",       raise_memoryerror,               METH_NOARGS},
@@ -5043,6 +5062,9 @@ static PyMethodDef TestMethods[] = {
     {"EncodeLocaleEx", encode_locale_ex, METH_VARARGS},
     {"DecodeLocaleEx", decode_locale_ex, METH_VARARGS},
     {"get_coreconfig", get_coreconfig, METH_NOARGS},
+#ifdef Py_REF_DEBUG
+    {"negative_refcount", negative_refcount, METH_NOARGS},
+#endif
     {NULL, NULL} /* sentinel */
 };
 
diff --git a/Objects/object.c b/Objects/object.c
index 4597b1266ae..82560710452 100644
--- a/Objects/object.c
+++ b/Objects/object.c
@@ -200,14 +200,14 @@ void dec_count(PyTypeObject *tp)
 #ifdef Py_REF_DEBUG
 /* Log a fatal error; doesn't return. */
 void
-_Py_NegativeRefcount(const char *fname, int lineno, PyObject *op)
+_Py_NegativeRefcount(const char *filename, int lineno, PyObject *op)
 {
     char buf[300];
 
     PyOS_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
                   "%s:%i object at %p has negative ref count "
                   "%" PY_FORMAT_SIZE_T "d",
-                  fname, lineno, op, op->ob_refcnt);
+                  filename, lineno, op, op->ob_refcnt);
     Py_FatalError(buf);
 }