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cpython/Lib/ssl.py

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# Wrapper module for _ssl, providing some additional facilities
# implemented in Python. Written by Bill Janssen.
"""This module provides some more Pythonic support for SSL.
Object types:
SSLSocket -- subtype of socket.socket which does SSL over the socket
Exceptions:
SSLError -- exception raised for I/O errors
Functions:
cert_time_to_seconds -- convert time string used for certificate
notBefore and notAfter functions to integer
seconds past the Epoch (the time values
returned from time.time())
fetch_server_certificate (HOST, PORT) -- fetch the certificate provided
by the server running on HOST at port PORT. No
validation of the certificate is performed.
Integer constants:
SSL_ERROR_ZERO_RETURN
SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ
SSL_ERROR_WANT_WRITE
SSL_ERROR_WANT_X509_LOOKUP
SSL_ERROR_SYSCALL
SSL_ERROR_SSL
SSL_ERROR_WANT_CONNECT
SSL_ERROR_EOF
SSL_ERROR_INVALID_ERROR_CODE
The following group define certificate requirements that one side is
allowing/requiring from the other side:
CERT_NONE - no certificates from the other side are required (or will
be looked at if provided)
CERT_OPTIONAL - certificates are not required, but if provided will be
validated, and if validation fails, the connection will
also fail
CERT_REQUIRED - certificates are required, and will be validated, and
if validation fails, the connection will also fail
The following constants identify various SSL protocol variants:
PROTOCOL_SSLv2
PROTOCOL_SSLv3
PROTOCOL_SSLv23
PROTOCOL_TLS
PROTOCOL_TLS_CLIENT
PROTOCOL_TLS_SERVER
PROTOCOL_TLSv1
PROTOCOL_TLSv1_1
PROTOCOL_TLSv1_2
The following constants identify various SSL alert message descriptions as per
http://www.iana.org/assignments/tls-parameters/tls-parameters.xml#tls-parameters-6
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_CLOSE_NOTIFY
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_UNEXPECTED_MESSAGE
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_BAD_RECORD_MAC
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_RECORD_OVERFLOW
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_DECOMPRESSION_FAILURE
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_HANDSHAKE_FAILURE
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_BAD_CERTIFICATE
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_UNSUPPORTED_CERTIFICATE
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_CERTIFICATE_REVOKED
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_CERTIFICATE_EXPIRED
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_CERTIFICATE_UNKNOWN
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_ILLEGAL_PARAMETER
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_UNKNOWN_CA
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_ACCESS_DENIED
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_DECODE_ERROR
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_DECRYPT_ERROR
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_PROTOCOL_VERSION
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_INSUFFICIENT_SECURITY
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_INTERNAL_ERROR
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_USER_CANCELLED
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_NO_RENEGOTIATION
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_UNSUPPORTED_EXTENSION
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_CERTIFICATE_UNOBTAINABLE
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_UNRECOGNIZED_NAME
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_BAD_CERTIFICATE_STATUS_RESPONSE
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_BAD_CERTIFICATE_HASH_VALUE
ALERT_DESCRIPTION_UNKNOWN_PSK_IDENTITY
"""
import ipaddress
import re
import sys
import os
from collections import namedtuple
from enum import Enum as _Enum, IntEnum as _IntEnum, IntFlag as _IntFlag
import _ssl # if we can't import it, let the error propagate
from _ssl import OPENSSL_VERSION_NUMBER, OPENSSL_VERSION_INFO, OPENSSL_VERSION
from _ssl import _SSLContext, MemoryBIO, SSLSession
from _ssl import (
SSLError, SSLZeroReturnError, SSLWantReadError, SSLWantWriteError,
SSLSyscallError, SSLEOFError, SSLCertVerificationError
)
from _ssl import txt2obj as _txt2obj, nid2obj as _nid2obj
from _ssl import RAND_status, RAND_add, RAND_bytes, RAND_pseudo_bytes
try:
from _ssl import RAND_egd
except ImportError:
# LibreSSL does not provide RAND_egd
pass
from _ssl import HAS_SNI, HAS_ECDH, HAS_NPN, HAS_ALPN, HAS_TLSv1_3
from _ssl import _OPENSSL_API_VERSION
_IntEnum._convert(
'_SSLMethod', __name__,
lambda name: name.startswith('PROTOCOL_') and name != 'PROTOCOL_SSLv23',
source=_ssl)
_IntFlag._convert(
'Options', __name__,
lambda name: name.startswith('OP_'),
source=_ssl)
_IntEnum._convert(
'AlertDescription', __name__,
lambda name: name.startswith('ALERT_DESCRIPTION_'),
source=_ssl)
_IntEnum._convert(
'SSLErrorNumber', __name__,
lambda name: name.startswith('SSL_ERROR_'),
source=_ssl)
_IntFlag._convert(
'VerifyFlags', __name__,
lambda name: name.startswith('VERIFY_'),
source=_ssl)
_IntEnum._convert(
'VerifyMode', __name__,
lambda name: name.startswith('CERT_'),
source=_ssl)
PROTOCOL_SSLv23 = _SSLMethod.PROTOCOL_SSLv23 = _SSLMethod.PROTOCOL_TLS
_PROTOCOL_NAMES = {value: name for name, value in _SSLMethod.__members__.items()}
_SSLv2_IF_EXISTS = getattr(_SSLMethod, 'PROTOCOL_SSLv2', None)
if sys.platform == "win32":
from _ssl import enum_certificates, enum_crls
from socket import socket, AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, create_connection
from socket import SOL_SOCKET, SO_TYPE
import base64 # for DER-to-PEM translation
import errno
import warnings
socket_error = OSError # keep that public name in module namespace
if _ssl.HAS_TLS_UNIQUE:
CHANNEL_BINDING_TYPES = ['tls-unique']
else:
CHANNEL_BINDING_TYPES = []
# Disable weak or insecure ciphers by default
# (OpenSSL's default setting is 'DEFAULT:!aNULL:!eNULL')
# Enable a better set of ciphers by default
# This list has been explicitly chosen to:
# * TLS 1.3 ChaCha20 and AES-GCM cipher suites
# * Prefer cipher suites that offer perfect forward secrecy (DHE/ECDHE)
# * Prefer ECDHE over DHE for better performance
# * Prefer AEAD over CBC for better performance and security
# * Prefer AES-GCM over ChaCha20 because most platforms have AES-NI
# (ChaCha20 needs OpenSSL 1.1.0 or patched 1.0.2)
# * Prefer any AES-GCM and ChaCha20 over any AES-CBC for better
# performance and security
# * Then Use HIGH cipher suites as a fallback
# * Disable NULL authentication, NULL encryption, 3DES and MD5 MACs
# for security reasons
_DEFAULT_CIPHERS = (
'TLS13-AES-256-GCM-SHA384:TLS13-CHACHA20-POLY1305-SHA256:'
'TLS13-AES-128-GCM-SHA256:'
'ECDH+AESGCM:ECDH+CHACHA20:DH+AESGCM:DH+CHACHA20:ECDH+AES256:DH+AES256:'
'ECDH+AES128:DH+AES:ECDH+HIGH:DH+HIGH:RSA+AESGCM:RSA+AES:RSA+HIGH:'
'!aNULL:!eNULL:!MD5:!3DES'
)
# Restricted and more secure ciphers for the server side
# This list has been explicitly chosen to:
# * TLS 1.3 ChaCha20 and AES-GCM cipher suites
# * Prefer cipher suites that offer perfect forward secrecy (DHE/ECDHE)
# * Prefer ECDHE over DHE for better performance
# * Prefer AEAD over CBC for better performance and security
# * Prefer AES-GCM over ChaCha20 because most platforms have AES-NI
# * Prefer any AES-GCM and ChaCha20 over any AES-CBC for better
# performance and security
# * Then Use HIGH cipher suites as a fallback
# * Disable NULL authentication, NULL encryption, MD5 MACs, DSS, RC4, and
# 3DES for security reasons
_RESTRICTED_SERVER_CIPHERS = (
'TLS13-AES-256-GCM-SHA384:TLS13-CHACHA20-POLY1305-SHA256:'
'TLS13-AES-128-GCM-SHA256:'
'ECDH+AESGCM:ECDH+CHACHA20:DH+AESGCM:DH+CHACHA20:ECDH+AES256:DH+AES256:'
'ECDH+AES128:DH+AES:ECDH+HIGH:DH+HIGH:RSA+AESGCM:RSA+AES:RSA+HIGH:'
'!aNULL:!eNULL:!MD5:!DSS:!RC4:!3DES'
)
class CertificateError(ValueError):
pass
def _dnsname_match(dn, hostname, max_wildcards=1):
"""Matching according to RFC 6125, section 6.4.3
http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6125#section-6.4.3
"""
pats = []
if not dn:
return False
leftmost, *remainder = dn.split(r'.')
wildcards = leftmost.count('*')
if wildcards > max_wildcards:
# Issue #17980: avoid denials of service by refusing more
# than one wildcard per fragment. A survey of established
# policy among SSL implementations showed it to be a
# reasonable choice.
raise CertificateError(
"too many wildcards in certificate DNS name: " + repr(dn))
# speed up common case w/o wildcards
if not wildcards:
return dn.lower() == hostname.lower()
# RFC 6125, section 6.4.3, subitem 1.
# The client SHOULD NOT attempt to match a presented identifier in which
# the wildcard character comprises a label other than the left-most label.
if leftmost == '*':
# When '*' is a fragment by itself, it matches a non-empty dotless
# fragment.
pats.append('[^.]+')
elif leftmost.startswith('xn--') or hostname.startswith('xn--'):
# RFC 6125, section 6.4.3, subitem 3.
# The client SHOULD NOT attempt to match a presented identifier
# where the wildcard character is embedded within an A-label or
# U-label of an internationalized domain name.
pats.append(re.escape(leftmost))
else:
# Otherwise, '*' matches any dotless string, e.g. www*
pats.append(re.escape(leftmost).replace(r'\*', '[^.]*'))
# add the remaining fragments, ignore any wildcards
for frag in remainder:
pats.append(re.escape(frag))
pat = re.compile(r'\A' + r'\.'.join(pats) + r'\Z', re.IGNORECASE)
return pat.match(hostname)
def _ipaddress_match(ipname, host_ip):
"""Exact matching of IP addresses.
RFC 6125 explicitly doesn't define an algorithm for this
(section 1.7.2 - "Out of Scope").
"""
# OpenSSL may add a trailing newline to a subjectAltName's IP address
ip = ipaddress.ip_address(ipname.rstrip())
return ip == host_ip
def match_hostname(cert, hostname):
"""Verify that *cert* (in decoded format as returned by
SSLSocket.getpeercert()) matches the *hostname*. RFC 2818 and RFC 6125
rules are followed, but IP addresses are not accepted for *hostname*.
CertificateError is raised on failure. On success, the function
returns nothing.
"""
if not cert:
raise ValueError("empty or no certificate, match_hostname needs a "
"SSL socket or SSL context with either "
"CERT_OPTIONAL or CERT_REQUIRED")
try:
host_ip = ipaddress.ip_address(hostname)
except ValueError:
# Not an IP address (common case)
host_ip = None
dnsnames = []
san = cert.get('subjectAltName', ())
for key, value in san:
if key == 'DNS':
if host_ip is None and _dnsname_match(value, hostname):
return
dnsnames.append(value)
elif key == 'IP Address':
if host_ip is not None and _ipaddress_match(value, host_ip):
return
dnsnames.append(value)
if not dnsnames:
# The subject is only checked when there is no dNSName entry
# in subjectAltName
for sub in cert.get('subject', ()):
for key, value in sub:
# XXX according to RFC 2818, the most specific Common Name
# must be used.
if key == 'commonName':
if _dnsname_match(value, hostname):
return
dnsnames.append(value)
if len(dnsnames) > 1:
raise CertificateError("hostname %r "
"doesn't match either of %s"
% (hostname, ', '.join(map(repr, dnsnames))))
elif len(dnsnames) == 1:
raise CertificateError("hostname %r "
"doesn't match %r"
% (hostname, dnsnames[0]))
else:
raise CertificateError("no appropriate commonName or "
"subjectAltName fields were found")
DefaultVerifyPaths = namedtuple("DefaultVerifyPaths",
"cafile capath openssl_cafile_env openssl_cafile openssl_capath_env "
"openssl_capath")
def get_default_verify_paths():
"""Return paths to default cafile and capath.
"""
parts = _ssl.get_default_verify_paths()
# environment vars shadow paths
cafile = os.environ.get(parts[0], parts[1])
capath = os.environ.get(parts[2], parts[3])
return DefaultVerifyPaths(cafile if os.path.isfile(cafile) else None,
capath if os.path.isdir(capath) else None,
*parts)
class _ASN1Object(namedtuple("_ASN1Object", "nid shortname longname oid")):
"""ASN.1 object identifier lookup
"""
__slots__ = ()
def __new__(cls, oid):
return super().__new__(cls, *_txt2obj(oid, name=False))
@classmethod
def fromnid(cls, nid):
"""Create _ASN1Object from OpenSSL numeric ID
"""
return super().__new__(cls, *_nid2obj(nid))
@classmethod
def fromname(cls, name):
"""Create _ASN1Object from short name, long name or OID
"""
return super().__new__(cls, *_txt2obj(name, name=True))
class Purpose(_ASN1Object, _Enum):
"""SSLContext purpose flags with X509v3 Extended Key Usage objects
"""
SERVER_AUTH = '1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.1'
CLIENT_AUTH = '1.3.6.1.5.5.7.3.2'
class SSLContext(_SSLContext):
"""An SSLContext holds various SSL-related configuration options and
data, such as certificates and possibly a private key."""
_windows_cert_stores = ("CA", "ROOT")
sslsocket_class = None # SSLSocket is assigned later.
sslobject_class = None # SSLObject is assigned later.
def __new__(cls, protocol=PROTOCOL_TLS, *args, **kwargs):
self = _SSLContext.__new__(cls, protocol)
if protocol != _SSLv2_IF_EXISTS:
self.set_ciphers(_DEFAULT_CIPHERS)
return self
def __init__(self, protocol=PROTOCOL_TLS):
self.protocol = protocol
def wrap_socket(self, sock, server_side=False,
do_handshake_on_connect=True,
suppress_ragged_eofs=True,
server_hostname=None, session=None):
return self.sslsocket_class(
sock=sock,
server_side=server_side,
do_handshake_on_connect=do_handshake_on_connect,
suppress_ragged_eofs=suppress_ragged_eofs,
server_hostname=server_hostname,
_context=self,
_session=session
)
def wrap_bio(self, incoming, outgoing, server_side=False,
server_hostname=None, session=None):
sslobj = self._wrap_bio(incoming, outgoing, server_side=server_side,
server_hostname=server_hostname)
return self.sslobject_class(sslobj, session=session)
def set_npn_protocols(self, npn_protocols):
protos = bytearray()
for protocol in npn_protocols:
b = bytes(protocol, 'ascii')
if len(b) == 0 or len(b) > 255:
raise SSLError('NPN protocols must be 1 to 255 in length')
protos.append(len(b))
protos.extend(b)
self._set_npn_protocols(protos)
def set_alpn_protocols(self, alpn_protocols):
protos = bytearray()
for protocol in alpn_protocols:
b = bytes(protocol, 'ascii')
if len(b) == 0 or len(b) > 255:
raise SSLError('ALPN protocols must be 1 to 255 in length')
protos.append(len(b))
protos.extend(b)
self._set_alpn_protocols(protos)
def _load_windows_store_certs(self, storename, purpose):
certs = bytearray()
try:
for cert, encoding, trust in enum_certificates(storename):
# CA certs are never PKCS#7 encoded
if encoding == "x509_asn":
if trust is True or purpose.oid in trust:
certs.extend(cert)
except PermissionError:
warnings.warn("unable to enumerate Windows certificate store")
if certs:
self.load_verify_locations(cadata=certs)
return certs
def load_default_certs(self, purpose=Purpose.SERVER_AUTH):
if not isinstance(purpose, _ASN1Object):
raise TypeError(purpose)
if sys.platform == "win32":
for storename in self._windows_cert_stores:
self._load_windows_store_certs(storename, purpose)
self.set_default_verify_paths()
@property
def options(self):
return Options(super().options)
@options.setter
def options(self, value):
super(SSLContext, SSLContext).options.__set__(self, value)
@property
def verify_flags(self):
return VerifyFlags(super().verify_flags)
@verify_flags.setter
def verify_flags(self, value):
super(SSLContext, SSLContext).verify_flags.__set__(self, value)
@property
def verify_mode(self):
value = super().verify_mode
try:
return VerifyMode(value)
except ValueError:
return value
@verify_mode.setter
def verify_mode(self, value):
super(SSLContext, SSLContext).verify_mode.__set__(self, value)
def create_default_context(purpose=Purpose.SERVER_AUTH, *, cafile=None,
capath=None, cadata=None):
"""Create a SSLContext object with default settings.
NOTE: The protocol and settings may change anytime without prior
deprecation. The values represent a fair balance between maximum
compatibility and security.
"""
if not isinstance(purpose, _ASN1Object):
raise TypeError(purpose)
# SSLContext sets OP_NO_SSLv2, OP_NO_SSLv3, OP_NO_COMPRESSION,
# OP_CIPHER_SERVER_PREFERENCE, OP_SINGLE_DH_USE and OP_SINGLE_ECDH_USE
# by default.
context = SSLContext(PROTOCOL_TLS)
if purpose == Purpose.SERVER_AUTH:
# verify certs and host name in client mode
context.verify_mode = CERT_REQUIRED
context.check_hostname = True
elif purpose == Purpose.CLIENT_AUTH:
context.set_ciphers(_RESTRICTED_SERVER_CIPHERS)
if cafile or capath or cadata:
context.load_verify_locations(cafile, capath, cadata)
elif context.verify_mode != CERT_NONE:
# no explicit cafile, capath or cadata but the verify mode is
# CERT_OPTIONAL or CERT_REQUIRED. Let's try to load default system
# root CA certificates for the given purpose. This may fail silently.
context.load_default_certs(purpose)
return context
def _create_unverified_context(protocol=PROTOCOL_TLS, *, cert_reqs=CERT_NONE,
check_hostname=False, purpose=Purpose.SERVER_AUTH,
certfile=None, keyfile=None,
cafile=None, capath=None, cadata=None):
"""Create a SSLContext object for Python stdlib modules
All Python stdlib modules shall use this function to create SSLContext
objects in order to keep common settings in one place. The configuration
is less restrict than create_default_context()'s to increase backward
compatibility.
"""
if not isinstance(purpose, _ASN1Object):
raise TypeError(purpose)
# SSLContext sets OP_NO_SSLv2, OP_NO_SSLv3, OP_NO_COMPRESSION,
# OP_CIPHER_SERVER_PREFERENCE, OP_SINGLE_DH_USE and OP_SINGLE_ECDH_USE
# by default.
context = SSLContext(protocol)
if not check_hostname:
context.check_hostname = False
if cert_reqs is not None:
context.verify_mode = cert_reqs
if check_hostname:
context.check_hostname = True
if keyfile and not certfile:
raise ValueError("certfile must be specified")
if certfile or keyfile:
context.load_cert_chain(certfile, keyfile)
# load CA root certs
if cafile or capath or cadata:
context.load_verify_locations(cafile, capath, cadata)
elif context.verify_mode != CERT_NONE:
# no explicit cafile, capath or cadata but the verify mode is
# CERT_OPTIONAL or CERT_REQUIRED. Let's try to load default system
# root CA certificates for the given purpose. This may fail silently.
context.load_default_certs(purpose)
return context
# Used by http.client if no context is explicitly passed.
_create_default_https_context = create_default_context
# Backwards compatibility alias, even though it's not a public name.
_create_stdlib_context = _create_unverified_context
class SSLObject:
"""This class implements an interface on top of a low-level SSL object as
implemented by OpenSSL. This object captures the state of an SSL connection
but does not provide any network IO itself. IO needs to be performed
through separate "BIO" objects which are OpenSSL's IO abstraction layer.
This class does not have a public constructor. Instances are returned by
``SSLContext.wrap_bio``. This class is typically used by framework authors
that want to implement asynchronous IO for SSL through memory buffers.
When compared to ``SSLSocket``, this object lacks the following features:
* Any form of network IO incluging methods such as ``recv`` and ``send``.
* The ``do_handshake_on_connect`` and ``suppress_ragged_eofs`` machinery.
"""
def __init__(self, sslobj, owner=None, session=None):
self._sslobj = sslobj
# Note: _sslobj takes a weak reference to owner
self._sslobj.owner = owner or self
if session is not None:
self._sslobj.session = session
@property
def context(self):
"""The SSLContext that is currently in use."""
return self._sslobj.context
@context.setter
def context(self, ctx):
self._sslobj.context = ctx
@property
def session(self):
"""The SSLSession for client socket."""
return self._sslobj.session
@session.setter
def session(self, session):
self._sslobj.session = session
@property
def session_reused(self):
"""Was the client session reused during handshake"""
return self._sslobj.session_reused
@property
def server_side(self):
"""Whether this is a server-side socket."""
return self._sslobj.server_side
@property
def server_hostname(self):
"""The currently set server hostname (for SNI), or ``None`` if no
server hostame is set."""
return self._sslobj.server_hostname
def read(self, len=1024, buffer=None):
"""Read up to 'len' bytes from the SSL object and return them.
If 'buffer' is provided, read into this buffer and return the number of
bytes read.
"""
if buffer is not None:
v = self._sslobj.read(len, buffer)
else:
v = self._sslobj.read(len)
return v
def write(self, data):
"""Write 'data' to the SSL object and return the number of bytes
written.
The 'data' argument must support the buffer interface.
"""
return self._sslobj.write(data)
def getpeercert(self, binary_form=False):
"""Returns a formatted version of the data in the certificate provided
by the other end of the SSL channel.
Return None if no certificate was provided, {} if a certificate was
provided, but not validated.
"""
return self._sslobj.peer_certificate(binary_form)
def selected_npn_protocol(self):
"""Return the currently selected NPN protocol as a string, or ``None``
if a next protocol was not negotiated or if NPN is not supported by one
of the peers."""
if _ssl.HAS_NPN:
return self._sslobj.selected_npn_protocol()
def selected_alpn_protocol(self):
"""Return the currently selected ALPN protocol as a string, or ``None``
if a next protocol was not negotiated or if ALPN is not supported by one
of the peers."""
if _ssl.HAS_ALPN:
return self._sslobj.selected_alpn_protocol()
def cipher(self):
"""Return the currently selected cipher as a 3-tuple ``(name,
ssl_version, secret_bits)``."""
return self._sslobj.cipher()
def shared_ciphers(self):
"""Return a list of ciphers shared by the client during the handshake or
None if this is not a valid server connection.
"""
return self._sslobj.shared_ciphers()
def compression(self):
"""Return the current compression algorithm in use, or ``None`` if
compression was not negotiated or not supported by one of the peers."""
return self._sslobj.compression()
def pending(self):
"""Return the number of bytes that can be read immediately."""
return self._sslobj.pending()
def do_handshake(self):
"""Start the SSL/TLS handshake."""
self._sslobj.do_handshake()
if self.context.check_hostname:
if not self.server_hostname:
raise ValueError("check_hostname needs server_hostname "
"argument")
match_hostname(self.getpeercert(), self.server_hostname)
def unwrap(self):
"""Start the SSL shutdown handshake."""
return self._sslobj.shutdown()
def get_channel_binding(self, cb_type="tls-unique"):
"""Get channel binding data for current connection. Raise ValueError
if the requested `cb_type` is not supported. Return bytes of the data
or None if the data is not available (e.g. before the handshake)."""
if cb_type not in CHANNEL_BINDING_TYPES:
raise ValueError("Unsupported channel binding type")
if cb_type != "tls-unique":
raise NotImplementedError(
"{0} channel binding type not implemented"
.format(cb_type))
return self._sslobj.tls_unique_cb()
def version(self):
"""Return a string identifying the protocol version used by the
current SSL channel. """
return self._sslobj.version()
class SSLSocket(socket):
"""This class implements a subtype of socket.socket that wraps
the underlying OS socket in an SSL context when necessary, and
provides read and write methods over that channel."""
def __init__(self, sock=None, keyfile=None, certfile=None,
server_side=False, cert_reqs=CERT_NONE,
ssl_version=PROTOCOL_TLS, ca_certs=None,
do_handshake_on_connect=True,
family=AF_INET, type=SOCK_STREAM, proto=0, fileno=None,
suppress_ragged_eofs=True, npn_protocols=None, ciphers=None,
server_hostname=None,
_context=None, _session=None):
if _context:
self._context = _context
else:
if server_side and not certfile:
raise ValueError("certfile must be specified for server-side "
"operations")
if keyfile and not certfile:
raise ValueError("certfile must be specified")
if certfile and not keyfile:
keyfile = certfile
self._context = SSLContext(ssl_version)
self._context.verify_mode = cert_reqs
if ca_certs:
self._context.load_verify_locations(ca_certs)
if certfile:
self._context.load_cert_chain(certfile, keyfile)
if npn_protocols:
self._context.set_npn_protocols(npn_protocols)
if ciphers:
self._context.set_ciphers(ciphers)
self.keyfile = keyfile
self.certfile = certfile
self.cert_reqs = cert_reqs
self.ssl_version = ssl_version
self.ca_certs = ca_certs
self.ciphers = ciphers
# Can't use sock.type as other flags (such as SOCK_NONBLOCK) get
# mixed in.
if sock.getsockopt(SOL_SOCKET, SO_TYPE) != SOCK_STREAM:
raise NotImplementedError("only stream sockets are supported")
if server_side:
if server_hostname:
raise ValueError("server_hostname can only be specified "
"in client mode")
if _session is not None:
raise ValueError("session can only be specified in "
"client mode")
if self._context.check_hostname and not server_hostname:
raise ValueError("check_hostname requires server_hostname")
self._session = _session
self.server_side = server_side
self.server_hostname = server_hostname
self.do_handshake_on_connect = do_handshake_on_connect
self.suppress_ragged_eofs = suppress_ragged_eofs
if sock is not None:
socket.__init__(self,
family=sock.family,
type=sock.type,
proto=sock.proto,
fileno=sock.fileno())
self.settimeout(sock.gettimeout())
sock.detach()
elif fileno is not None:
socket.__init__(self, fileno=fileno)
else:
socket.__init__(self, family=family, type=type, proto=proto)
# See if we are connected
try:
self.getpeername()
except OSError as e:
if e.errno != errno.ENOTCONN:
raise
connected = False
else:
connected = True
self._closed = False
self._sslobj = None
self._connected = connected
if connected:
# create the SSL object
try:
sslobj = self._context._wrap_socket(self, server_side,
server_hostname)
self._sslobj = SSLObject(sslobj, owner=self,
session=self._session)
if do_handshake_on_connect:
timeout = self.gettimeout()
if timeout == 0.0:
# non-blocking
raise ValueError("do_handshake_on_connect should not be specified for non-blocking sockets")
self.do_handshake()
except (OSError, ValueError):
self.close()
raise
@property
def context(self):
return self._context
@context.setter
def context(self, ctx):
self._context = ctx
self._sslobj.context = ctx
@property
def session(self):
"""The SSLSession for client socket."""
if self._sslobj is not None:
return self._sslobj.session
@session.setter
def session(self, session):
self._session = session
if self._sslobj is not None:
self._sslobj.session = session
@property
def session_reused(self):
"""Was the client session reused during handshake"""
if self._sslobj is not None:
return self._sslobj.session_reused
def dup(self):
raise NotImplemented("Can't dup() %s instances" %
self.__class__.__name__)
def _checkClosed(self, msg=None):
# raise an exception here if you wish to check for spurious closes
pass
def _check_connected(self):
if not self._connected:
# getpeername() will raise ENOTCONN if the socket is really
# not connected; note that we can be connected even without
# _connected being set, e.g. if connect() first returned
# EAGAIN.
self.getpeername()
def read(self, len=1024, buffer=None):
"""Read up to LEN bytes and return them.
Return zero-length string on EOF."""
self._checkClosed()
if not self._sslobj:
raise ValueError("Read on closed or unwrapped SSL socket.")
try:
return self._sslobj.read(len, buffer)
except SSLError as x:
if x.args[0] == SSL_ERROR_EOF and self.suppress_ragged_eofs:
if buffer is not None:
return 0
else:
return b''
else:
raise
def write(self, data):
"""Write DATA to the underlying SSL channel. Returns
number of bytes of DATA actually transmitted."""
self._checkClosed()
if not self._sslobj:
raise ValueError("Write on closed or unwrapped SSL socket.")
return self._sslobj.write(data)
def getpeercert(self, binary_form=False):
"""Returns a formatted version of the data in the
certificate provided by the other end of the SSL channel.
Return None if no certificate was provided, {} if a
certificate was provided, but not validated."""
self._checkClosed()
self._check_connected()
return self._sslobj.getpeercert(binary_form)
def selected_npn_protocol(self):
self._checkClosed()
if not self._sslobj or not _ssl.HAS_NPN:
return None
else:
return self._sslobj.selected_npn_protocol()
def selected_alpn_protocol(self):
self._checkClosed()
if not self._sslobj or not _ssl.HAS_ALPN:
return None
else:
return self._sslobj.selected_alpn_protocol()
def cipher(self):
self._checkClosed()
if not self._sslobj:
return None
else:
return self._sslobj.cipher()
def shared_ciphers(self):
self._checkClosed()
if not self._sslobj:
return None
return self._sslobj.shared_ciphers()
def compression(self):
self._checkClosed()
if not self._sslobj:
return None
else:
return self._sslobj.compression()
def send(self, data, flags=0):
self._checkClosed()
if self._sslobj:
if flags != 0:
raise ValueError(
"non-zero flags not allowed in calls to send() on %s" %
self.__class__)
return self._sslobj.write(data)
else:
return socket.send(self, data, flags)
def sendto(self, data, flags_or_addr, addr=None):
self._checkClosed()
if self._sslobj:
raise ValueError("sendto not allowed on instances of %s" %
self.__class__)
elif addr is None:
return socket.sendto(self, data, flags_or_addr)
else:
return socket.sendto(self, data, flags_or_addr, addr)
def sendmsg(self, *args, **kwargs):
# Ensure programs don't send data unencrypted if they try to
# use this method.
raise NotImplementedError("sendmsg not allowed on instances of %s" %
self.__class__)
def sendall(self, data, flags=0):
self._checkClosed()
if self._sslobj:
if flags != 0:
raise ValueError(
"non-zero flags not allowed in calls to sendall() on %s" %
self.__class__)
count = 0
with memoryview(data) as view, view.cast("B") as byte_view:
amount = len(byte_view)
while count < amount:
v = self.send(byte_view[count:])
count += v
else:
return socket.sendall(self, data, flags)
def sendfile(self, file, offset=0, count=None):
"""Send a file, possibly by using os.sendfile() if this is a
clear-text socket. Return the total number of bytes sent.
"""
if self._sslobj is None:
# os.sendfile() works with plain sockets only
return super().sendfile(file, offset, count)
else:
return self._sendfile_use_send(file, offset, count)
def recv(self, buflen=1024, flags=0):
self._checkClosed()
if self._sslobj:
if flags != 0:
raise ValueError(
"non-zero flags not allowed in calls to recv() on %s" %
self.__class__)
return self.read(buflen)
else:
return socket.recv(self, buflen, flags)
def recv_into(self, buffer, nbytes=None, flags=0):
self._checkClosed()
if buffer and (nbytes is None):
nbytes = len(buffer)
elif nbytes is None:
nbytes = 1024
if self._sslobj:
if flags != 0:
raise ValueError(
"non-zero flags not allowed in calls to recv_into() on %s" %
self.__class__)
return self.read(nbytes, buffer)
else:
return socket.recv_into(self, buffer, nbytes, flags)
def recvfrom(self, buflen=1024, flags=0):
self._checkClosed()
if self._sslobj:
raise ValueError("recvfrom not allowed on instances of %s" %
self.__class__)
else:
return socket.recvfrom(self, buflen, flags)
def recvfrom_into(self, buffer, nbytes=None, flags=0):
self._checkClosed()
if self._sslobj:
raise ValueError("recvfrom_into not allowed on instances of %s" %
self.__class__)
else:
return socket.recvfrom_into(self, buffer, nbytes, flags)
def recvmsg(self, *args, **kwargs):
raise NotImplementedError("recvmsg not allowed on instances of %s" %
self.__class__)
def recvmsg_into(self, *args, **kwargs):
raise NotImplementedError("recvmsg_into not allowed on instances of "
"%s" % self.__class__)
def pending(self):
self._checkClosed()
if self._sslobj:
return self._sslobj.pending()
else:
return 0
def shutdown(self, how):
self._checkClosed()
self._sslobj = None
socket.shutdown(self, how)
def unwrap(self):
if self._sslobj:
s = self._sslobj.unwrap()
self._sslobj = None
return s
else:
raise ValueError("No SSL wrapper around " + str(self))
def _real_close(self):
self._sslobj = None
socket._real_close(self)
def do_handshake(self, block=False):
"""Perform a TLS/SSL handshake."""
self._check_connected()
timeout = self.gettimeout()
try:
if timeout == 0.0 and block:
self.settimeout(None)
self._sslobj.do_handshake()
finally:
self.settimeout(timeout)
def _real_connect(self, addr, connect_ex):
if self.server_side:
raise ValueError("can't connect in server-side mode")
# Here we assume that the socket is client-side, and not
# connected at the time of the call. We connect it, then wrap it.
if self._connected:
raise ValueError("attempt to connect already-connected SSLSocket!")
sslobj = self.context._wrap_socket(self, False, self.server_hostname)
self._sslobj = SSLObject(sslobj, owner=self,
session=self._session)
try:
if connect_ex:
rc = socket.connect_ex(self, addr)
else:
rc = None
socket.connect(self, addr)
if not rc:
self._connected = True
if self.do_handshake_on_connect:
self.do_handshake()
return rc
except (OSError, ValueError):
self._sslobj = None
raise
def connect(self, addr):
"""Connects to remote ADDR, and then wraps the connection in
an SSL channel."""
self._real_connect(addr, False)
def connect_ex(self, addr):
"""Connects to remote ADDR, and then wraps the connection in
an SSL channel."""
return self._real_connect(addr, True)
def accept(self):
"""Accepts a new connection from a remote client, and returns
a tuple containing that new connection wrapped with a server-side
SSL channel, and the address of the remote client."""
newsock, addr = socket.accept(self)
newsock = self.context.wrap_socket(newsock,
do_handshake_on_connect=self.do_handshake_on_connect,
suppress_ragged_eofs=self.suppress_ragged_eofs,
server_side=True)
return newsock, addr
def get_channel_binding(self, cb_type="tls-unique"):
"""Get channel binding data for current connection. Raise ValueError
if the requested `cb_type` is not supported. Return bytes of the data
or None if the data is not available (e.g. before the handshake).
"""
if self._sslobj is None:
return None
return self._sslobj.get_channel_binding(cb_type)
def version(self):
"""
Return a string identifying the protocol version used by the
current SSL channel, or None if there is no established channel.
"""
if self._sslobj is None:
return None
return self._sslobj.version()
# Python does not support forward declaration of types.
SSLContext.sslsocket_class = SSLSocket
SSLContext.sslobject_class = SSLObject
def wrap_socket(sock, keyfile=None, certfile=None,
server_side=False, cert_reqs=CERT_NONE,
ssl_version=PROTOCOL_TLS, ca_certs=None,
do_handshake_on_connect=True,
suppress_ragged_eofs=True,
ciphers=None):
return SSLSocket(sock=sock, keyfile=keyfile, certfile=certfile,
server_side=server_side, cert_reqs=cert_reqs,
ssl_version=ssl_version, ca_certs=ca_certs,
do_handshake_on_connect=do_handshake_on_connect,
suppress_ragged_eofs=suppress_ragged_eofs,
ciphers=ciphers)
# some utility functions
def cert_time_to_seconds(cert_time):
"""Return the time in seconds since the Epoch, given the timestring
representing the "notBefore" or "notAfter" date from a certificate
in ``"%b %d %H:%M:%S %Y %Z"`` strptime format (C locale).
"notBefore" or "notAfter" dates must use UTC (RFC 5280).
Month is one of: Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
UTC should be specified as GMT (see ASN1_TIME_print())
"""
from time import strptime
from calendar import timegm
months = (
"Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun",
"Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"
)
time_format = ' %d %H:%M:%S %Y GMT' # NOTE: no month, fixed GMT
try:
month_number = months.index(cert_time[:3].title()) + 1
except ValueError:
raise ValueError('time data %r does not match '
'format "%%b%s"' % (cert_time, time_format))
else:
# found valid month
tt = strptime(cert_time[3:], time_format)
# return an integer, the previous mktime()-based implementation
# returned a float (fractional seconds are always zero here).
return timegm((tt[0], month_number) + tt[2:6])
PEM_HEADER = "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----"
PEM_FOOTER = "-----END CERTIFICATE-----"
def DER_cert_to_PEM_cert(der_cert_bytes):
"""Takes a certificate in binary DER format and returns the
PEM version of it as a string."""
f = str(base64.standard_b64encode(der_cert_bytes), 'ASCII', 'strict')
ss = [PEM_HEADER]
ss += [f[i:i+64] for i in range(0, len(f), 64)]
ss.append(PEM_FOOTER + '\n')
return '\n'.join(ss)
def PEM_cert_to_DER_cert(pem_cert_string):
"""Takes a certificate in ASCII PEM format and returns the
DER-encoded version of it as a byte sequence"""
if not pem_cert_string.startswith(PEM_HEADER):
raise ValueError("Invalid PEM encoding; must start with %s"
% PEM_HEADER)
if not pem_cert_string.strip().endswith(PEM_FOOTER):
raise ValueError("Invalid PEM encoding; must end with %s"
% PEM_FOOTER)
d = pem_cert_string.strip()[len(PEM_HEADER):-len(PEM_FOOTER)]
return base64.decodebytes(d.encode('ASCII', 'strict'))
def get_server_certificate(addr, ssl_version=PROTOCOL_TLS, ca_certs=None):
"""Retrieve the certificate from the server at the specified address,
and return it as a PEM-encoded string.
If 'ca_certs' is specified, validate the server cert against it.
If 'ssl_version' is specified, use it in the connection attempt."""
host, port = addr
if ca_certs is not None:
cert_reqs = CERT_REQUIRED
else:
cert_reqs = CERT_NONE
context = _create_stdlib_context(ssl_version,
cert_reqs=cert_reqs,
cafile=ca_certs)
with create_connection(addr) as sock:
with context.wrap_socket(sock) as sslsock:
dercert = sslsock.getpeercert(True)
return DER_cert_to_PEM_cert(dercert)
def get_protocol_name(protocol_code):
return _PROTOCOL_NAMES.get(protocol_code, '<unknown>')
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