mirror of https://github.com/python/cpython
Made several grammatical corrections based on comments from Daniel
Barcla <danielb@digitalfocus.com>. Also added example of what happens when a parameter is set both positionally and by a keyword (one of Daniels suggestions related to that paragraph).
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@ -1266,9 +1266,20 @@ parrot(actor='John Cleese') # unknown keyword
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In general, an argument list must have any positional arguments
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followed by any keyword arguments, where the keywords must be chosen
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from the formal parameter names. It's not important whether a formal
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parameter has a default value or not. No argument must receive a
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parameter has a default value or not. No argument may receive a
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value more than once --- formal parameter names corresponding to
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positional arguments cannot be used as keywords in the same calls.
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Here's an example that fails due to this restriction:
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\begin{verbatim}
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>>> def function(a):
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... pass
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...
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>>> function(0, a=0)
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Traceback (innermost last):
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File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
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TypeError: keyword parameter redefined
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\end{verbatim}
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When a final formal parameter of the form \code{**\var{name}} is
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present, it receives a dictionary containing all keyword arguments
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@ -1393,7 +1404,8 @@ the front of the list, and \code{a.insert(len(a), x)} is equivalent to
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\code{a.append(x)}.
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\item[\code{append(x)}]
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Equivalent to \code{a.insert(len(a), x)}.
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Append an item to the list;
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equivalent to \code{a.insert(len(a), x)}.
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\item[\code{index(x)}]
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Return the index in the list of the first item whose value is \code{x}.
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@ -1605,7 +1617,7 @@ is also possible, e.g.:
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\end{verbatim}
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This is called, appropriately enough, \emph{tuple unpacking}. Tuple
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unpacking requires that the list of variables on the left has the same
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unpacking requires that the list of variables on the left have the same
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number of elements as the length of the tuple. Note that multiple
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assignment is really just a combination of tuple packing and tuple
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unpacking!
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@ -1629,7 +1641,7 @@ Another useful data type built into Python is the \emph{dictionary}.
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Dictionaries are sometimes found in other languages as ``associative
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memories'' or ``associative arrays''. Unlike sequences, which are
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indexed by a range of numbers, dictionaries are indexed by \emph{keys},
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which can be any non-mutable type; strings and numbers can always be
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which can be any immutable type; strings and numbers can always be
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keys. Tuples can be used as keys if they contain only strings,
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numbers, or tuples. You can't use lists as keys, since lists can be
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modified in place using their \code{append()} method.
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@ -1687,8 +1699,8 @@ only matters for mutable objects like lists. All comparison operators
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have the same priority, which is lower than that of all numerical
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operators.
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Comparisons can be chained: e.g., \code{a < b == c} tests whether \code{a}
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is less than \code{b} and moreover \code{b} equals \code{c}.
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Comparisons can be chained: e.g., \code{a < b == c} tests whether
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\code{a} is less than \code{b} and moreover \code{b} equals \code{c}.
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Comparisons may be combined by the Boolean operators \code{and} and
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\code{or}, and the outcome of a comparison (or of any other Boolean
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@ -1806,11 +1818,9 @@ following command:
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>>> import fibo
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\end{verbatim}
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This does not enter the names of the functions defined in
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\code{fibo}
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This does not enter the names of the functions defined in \code{fibo}
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directly in the current symbol table; it only enters the module name
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\code{fibo}
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there.
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\code{fibo} there.
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Using the module name you can access the functions:
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\begin{verbatim}
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