diff --git a/Lib/test/test_capi.py b/Lib/test/test_capi.py
index 8b398291c67..9eddc88ff9d 100644
--- a/Lib/test/test_capi.py
+++ b/Lib/test/test_capi.py
@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
-# Run the _test module tests (tests for the Python/C API):  by defn, these
-# are all functions _test exports whose name begins with 'test_'.
+# Run the _testcapi module tests (tests for the Python/C API):  by defn,
+# these are all functions _test exports whose name begins with 'test_'.
 
 import sys
 import test_support
-import _test
+import _testcapi
 
-for name in dir(_test):
+for name in dir(_testcapi):
     if name.startswith('test_'):
-        test = getattr(_test, name)
+        test = getattr(_testcapi, name)
         if test_support.verbose:
             print "internal", name
         try:
             test()
-        except _test.error:
+        except _testcapi.error:
             raise test_support.TestFailed, sys.exc_info()[1]
diff --git a/Misc/NEWS b/Misc/NEWS
index 4f1ba30055e..e17e6560f6b 100644
--- a/Misc/NEWS
+++ b/Misc/NEWS
@@ -1,3 +1,14 @@
+What's New in Python 2.1 alpha 507?
+===================================
+
+Core language, builtins, and interpreter
+
+Standard library
+
+Windows changes
+
+- Build:  Subproject _test (effectively) renamed to _testcapi.
+
 What's New in Python 2.1 alpha 2?
 =================================
 
diff --git a/Modules/_testmodule.c b/Modules/_testcapimodule.c
similarity index 92%
rename from Modules/_testmodule.c
rename to Modules/_testcapimodule.c
index e4c9c75b60e..1b3b596aed2 100644
--- a/Modules/_testmodule.c
+++ b/Modules/_testcapimodule.c
@@ -56,13 +56,13 @@ static PyMethodDef TestMethods[] = {
 };
 
 DL_EXPORT(void)
-init_test(void)
+init_testcapi(void)
 {
 	PyObject *m, *d;
 
-	m = Py_InitModule("_test", TestMethods);
+	m = Py_InitModule("_testcapi", TestMethods);
 
-	TestError = PyErr_NewException("_test.error", NULL, NULL);
+	TestError = PyErr_NewException("_testcapi.error", NULL, NULL);
 	d = PyModule_GetDict(m);
 	PyDict_SetItemString(d, "error", TestError);
 }
diff --git a/PCbuild/_test.dsp b/PCbuild/_testcapi.dsp
similarity index 79%
rename from PCbuild/_test.dsp
rename to PCbuild/_testcapi.dsp
index 6bf566655d1..6bde272f75f 100644
--- a/PCbuild/_test.dsp
+++ b/PCbuild/_testcapi.dsp
@@ -1,35 +1,35 @@
-# Microsoft Developer Studio Project File - Name="_test" - Package Owner=<4>
+# Microsoft Developer Studio Project File - Name="_testcapi" - Package Owner=<4>
 # Microsoft Developer Studio Generated Build File, Format Version 6.00
 # ** DO NOT EDIT **
 
 # TARGTYPE "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library" 0x0102
 
-CFG=_test - Win32 Debug
+CFG=_testcapi - Win32 Debug
 !MESSAGE This is not a valid makefile. To build this project using NMAKE,
 !MESSAGE use the Export Makefile command and run
 !MESSAGE 
-!MESSAGE NMAKE /f "_test.mak".
+!MESSAGE NMAKE /f "_testcapi.mak".
 !MESSAGE 
 !MESSAGE You can specify a configuration when running NMAKE
 !MESSAGE by defining the macro CFG on the command line. For example:
 !MESSAGE 
-!MESSAGE NMAKE /f "_test.mak" CFG="_test - Win32 Debug"
+!MESSAGE NMAKE /f "_testcapi.mak" CFG="_testcapi - Win32 Debug"
 !MESSAGE 
 !MESSAGE Possible choices for configuration are:
 !MESSAGE 
-!MESSAGE "_test - Win32 Release" (based on "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library")
-!MESSAGE "_test - Win32 Debug" (based on "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library")
+!MESSAGE "_testcapi - Win32 Release" (based on "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library")
+!MESSAGE "_testcapi - Win32 Debug" (based on "Win32 (x86) Dynamic-Link Library")
 !MESSAGE 
 
 # Begin Project
 # PROP AllowPerConfigDependencies 0
-# PROP Scc_ProjName "_test"
+# PROP Scc_ProjName "_testcapi"
 # PROP Scc_LocalPath ".."
 CPP=cl.exe
 MTL=midl.exe
 RSC=rc.exe
 
-!IF  "$(CFG)" == "_test - Win32 Release"
+!IF  "$(CFG)" == "_testcapi - Win32 Release"
 
 # PROP BASE Use_MFC 0
 # PROP BASE Use_Debug_Libraries 0
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ RSC=rc.exe
 # PROP Use_MFC 0
 # PROP Use_Debug_Libraries 0
 # PROP Output_Dir "."
-# PROP Intermediate_Dir "x86-temp-release\_test"
+# PROP Intermediate_Dir "x86-temp-release\_testcapi"
 # PROP Ignore_Export_Lib 0
 # PROP Target_Dir ""
 F90=df.exe
@@ -54,10 +54,10 @@ BSC32=bscmake.exe
 # ADD BSC32 /nologo
 LINK32=link.exe
 # ADD BASE LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /dll /machine:I386
-# ADD LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /base:"0x1e1F0000" /dll /machine:I386 /out:"./_test.pyd" /export:init_test
+# ADD LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /base:"0x1e1F0000" /dll /machine:I386 /out:"./_testcapi.pyd" /export:init_testcapi
 # SUBTRACT LINK32 /pdb:none
 
-!ELSEIF  "$(CFG)" == "_test - Win32 Debug"
+!ELSEIF  "$(CFG)" == "_testcapi - Win32 Debug"
 
 # PROP BASE Use_MFC 0
 # PROP BASE Use_Debug_Libraries 1
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ LINK32=link.exe
 # PROP Use_MFC 0
 # PROP Use_Debug_Libraries 1
 # PROP Output_Dir "."
-# PROP Intermediate_Dir "x86-temp-debug\_test"
+# PROP Intermediate_Dir "x86-temp-debug\_testcapi"
 # PROP Ignore_Export_Lib 0
 # PROP Target_Dir ""
 F90=df.exe
@@ -82,18 +82,18 @@ BSC32=bscmake.exe
 # ADD BSC32 /nologo
 LINK32=link.exe
 # ADD BASE LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /dll /debug /machine:I386 /pdbtype:sept
-# ADD LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /base:"0x1e1F0000" /dll /debug /machine:I386 /out:"./_test_d.pyd" /pdbtype:sept /export:init_test
+# ADD LINK32 kernel32.lib user32.lib gdi32.lib winspool.lib comdlg32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib ole32.lib oleaut32.lib uuid.lib odbc32.lib odbccp32.lib /nologo /base:"0x1e1F0000" /dll /debug /machine:I386 /out:"./_testcapi_d.pyd" /pdbtype:sept /export:init_testcapi
 # SUBTRACT LINK32 /pdb:none
 
 !ENDIF 
 
 # Begin Target
 
-# Name "_test - Win32 Release"
-# Name "_test - Win32 Debug"
+# Name "_testcapi - Win32 Release"
+# Name "_testcapi - Win32 Debug"
 # Begin Source File
 
-SOURCE=..\Modules\_testmodule.c
+SOURCE=..\Modules\_testcapimodule.c
 # End Source File
 # End Target
 # End Project
diff --git a/PCbuild/pcbuild.dsw b/PCbuild/pcbuild.dsw
index fb8931886bd..e09a2530cd0 100644
--- a/PCbuild/pcbuild.dsw
+++ b/PCbuild/pcbuild.dsw
@@ -41,11 +41,14 @@ Package=<5>
 
 Package=<4>
 {{{
+    Begin Project Dependency
+    Project_Dep_Name pythoncore
+    End Project Dependency
 }}}
 
 ###############################################################################
 
-Project: "_test"=.\_test.dsp - Package Owner=<4>
+Project: "_testcapi"=.\_testcapi.dsp - Package Owner=<4>
 
 Package=<5>
 {{{
@@ -53,6 +56,9 @@ Package=<5>
 
 Package=<4>
 {{{
+    Begin Project Dependency
+    Project_Dep_Name pythoncore
+    End Project Dependency
 }}}
 
 ###############################################################################
diff --git a/PCbuild/python20.wse b/PCbuild/python20.wse
index c38da5516d4..1568c14764c 100644
--- a/PCbuild/python20.wse
+++ b/PCbuild/python20.wse
@@ -697,8 +697,8 @@ item: Install File
   Flags=0000000000000010
 end
 item: Install File
-  Source=%_SRC_%\PCbuild\_test.pyd
-  Destination=%MAINDIR%\DLLs\_test.pyd
+  Source=%_SRC_%\PCbuild\_testcapi.pyd
+  Destination=%MAINDIR%\DLLs\_testcapi.pyd
   Flags=0000000000000010
 end
 item: Install File
@@ -771,8 +771,8 @@ item: Install File
   Flags=0000000000000010
 end
 item: Install File
-  Source=%_SRC_%\PCbuild\_test.lib
-  Destination=%MAINDIR%\libs\_test.lib
+  Source=%_SRC_%\PCbuild\_testcapi.lib
+  Destination=%MAINDIR%\libs\_testcapi.lib
   Flags=0000000000000010
 end
 item: Install File
diff --git a/PCbuild/readme.txt b/PCbuild/readme.txt
index 1415ba53d4b..c6033f1c701 100644
--- a/PCbuild/readme.txt
+++ b/PCbuild/readme.txt
@@ -45,9 +45,9 @@ _sre
     Unicode-aware regular expression engine
 _symtable
     the _symtable module, symtablemodule.c
-_test
+_testcapi
     tests of the Python C API, run via Lib/test/test_capi.py, and
-    implemented by module Modules/_testmodule.c
+    implemented by module Modules/_testcapimodule.c
 mmap
     mmapmodule.c
 parser
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index bd74ab4c3bd..4c42a6550b7 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ class PyBuildExt(build_ext):
         # access to the builtin codecs and codec registry
         exts.append( Extension('_codecs', ['_codecsmodule.c']) )
         # Python C API test module
-        exts.append( Extension('_test', ['_testmodule.c']) )
+        exts.append( Extension('_testcapi', ['_testcapimodule.c']) )
         # static Unicode character database
         exts.append( Extension('unicodedata', ['unicodedata.c']) )
         # access to ISO C locale support