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@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ a uniform high level interface for managing threads and processes.
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The design for :mod:`concurrent.futures` was inspired by
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*java.util.concurrent.package*. In that model, a running call and its result
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are represented by a :class:`~concurrent.futures.Future` object which abstracts
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are represented by a :class:`~concurrent.futures.Future` object that abstracts
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features common to threads, processes, and remote procedure calls. That object
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supports status checks (running or done), timeouts, cancellations, adding
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callbacks, and access to results or exceptions.
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@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ points:
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For server implementers writing CGI-to-WSGI pathways or other CGI-style
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protocols, the users must to be able access the environment using native strings
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eventhough the underlying platform may have a different convention. To bridge
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even though the underlying platform may have a different convention. To bridge
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this gap, the :mod:`wsgiref` module has a new function,
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:func:`wsgiref.handlers.read_environ` for transcoding CGI variables from
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:attr:`os.environ` into native strings and returning a new dictionary.
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@ -597,13 +597,13 @@ For the first time, there is correct handling of inputs with mixed encodings.
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Throughout the standard library, there has been more careful attention to
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encodings and text versus bytes issues. In particular, interactions with the
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operating system are now better able to pass non-ASCII data using the Windows
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mcbs encoding, locale-aware encodings, or UTF-8.
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MCBS encoding, locale-aware encodings, or UTF-8.
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Another significant win is the addition of substantially better support for
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*SSL* connections and security certificates.
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In addition, more classes now implement a :term:`context manager` to support
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convenient and reliable resource clean-up using the :keyword:`with` statement.
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convenient and reliable resource clean-up using a :keyword:`with` statement.
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email
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-----
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@ -940,7 +940,7 @@ both roles.
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The basic idea is that both context managers and function decorators can be used
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for pre-action and post-action wrappers. Context managers wrap a group of
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statements using the :keyword:`with` statement, and function decorators wrap a
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statements using a :keyword:`with` statement, and function decorators wrap a
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group of statements enclosed in a function. So, occasionally there is a need to
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write a pre-action or post-action wrapper that can be used in either role.
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@ -973,7 +973,7 @@ Now, it can be used as a decorator as well::
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Trying to fulfill two roles at once places some limitations on the technique.
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Context managers normally have the flexibility to return an argument usable by
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the :keyword:`with` statement, but there is no parallel for function decorators.
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a :keyword:`with` statement, but there is no parallel for function decorators.
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In the above example, there is not a clean way for the *track_entry_and_exit*
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context manager to return a logging instance for use in the body of enclosed
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@ -1061,7 +1061,7 @@ popen
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-----
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The :func:`os.popen` and :func:`subprocess.Popen` functions now support
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the :keyword:`with` statement for auto-closing of the file descriptors.
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:keyword:`with` statements for auto-closing of the file descriptors.
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gzip and zipfile
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----------------
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@ -1105,8 +1105,8 @@ shutil
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The :func:`shutil.copytree` function has two new options:
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* *ignore_dangling_symlinks*: when ``symlinks=False`` so that the function
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copies the file pointed to by the symlink, not the symlink itself. This
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option will silence the error raised if the file doesn't exist.
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copies a file pointed to by a symlink, not the symlink itself. This option
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will silence the error raised if the file doesn't exist.
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* *copy_function*: is a callable that will be used to copy files.
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:func:`shutil.copy2` is used by default.
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@ -1228,7 +1228,7 @@ names.
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* The command-line call ``python -m unittest`` can now accept file paths
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instead of module names for running specific tests (:issue:`10620`). The new
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test discovery can find tests within packages, locating any test importable
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from the top level directory. The top level directory can be specified with
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from the top-level directory. The top-level directory can be specified with
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the `-t` option, a pattern for matching files with ``-p``, and a directory to
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start discovery with ``-s``::
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@ -1311,7 +1311,7 @@ random
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The integer methods in the :mod:`random` module now do a better job of producing
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uniform distributions. Previously, they computed selections with
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``int(n*random())`` which had a slight bias whenever *n* was not a power of two.
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Now, multiple selections are made from a range upto the next power of two and a
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Now, multiple selections are made from a range up to the next power of two and a
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selection is kept only when it falls within the range ``0 <= x < n``. The
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functions and methods affected are :func:`~random.randrange`,
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:func:`~random.randint`, :func:`~random.choice`, :func:`~random.shuffle` and
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@ -1367,7 +1367,7 @@ inspect
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pydoc
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-----
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The :mod:`pydoc` module now provides a much improved Web server interface,
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The :mod:`pydoc` module now provides a much-improved Web server interface,
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as well as a new command-line option to automatically open a browser
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window to display that server.
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@ -1575,7 +1575,7 @@ Multi-threading
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argument. (Contributed by Torsten Landschoff; :issue:`850728`.)
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* Regular and recursive lock acquisitions can now be interrupted by signals on
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platforms using pthreads. This means that Python programs that deadlock while
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platforms using Pthreads. This means that Python programs that deadlock while
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acquiring locks can be successfully killed by repeatedly sending SIGINT to the
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process (by pressing :kbd:`Ctrl+C` in most shells).
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(Contributed by Reid Kleckner; :issue:`8844`.)
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@ -1598,7 +1598,7 @@ A number of small performance enhancements have been added:
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if extension in {'xml', 'html', 'xhtml', 'css'}:
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handle(name)
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(Patch and additional tests by Dave Malcolm; :issue:`6690`).
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(Patch and additional tests contributed by Dave Malcolm; :issue:`6690`).
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* Serializing and unserializing data using the :mod:`pickle` module is now
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several times faster.
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@ -1611,9 +1611,8 @@ A number of small performance enhancements have been added:
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when called with a :term:`key function`. Previously, every element of
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a list was wrapped with a temporary object that remembered the key value
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associated with each element. Now, two arrays of keys and values are
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sorted in parallel. This save the memory consumed by the sort wrappers,
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and it saves time lost during comparisons which were delegated by the
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sort wrappers.
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sorted in parallel. This saves the memory consumed by the sort wrappers,
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and it saves time lost to delegating comparisons.
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(Patch by Daniel Stutzbach in :issue:`9915`.)
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