diff --git a/Doc/howto/descriptor.rst b/Doc/howto/descriptor.rst index 1616f67e126..0b513f9c95f 100644 --- a/Doc/howto/descriptor.rst +++ b/Doc/howto/descriptor.rst @@ -36,9 +36,7 @@ continuing through the base classes of ``type(a)`` excluding metaclasses. If the looked-up value is an object defining one of the descriptor methods, then Python may override the default behavior and invoke the descriptor method instead. Where this occurs in the precedence chain depends on which descriptor methods -were defined. Note that descriptors are only invoked for new style objects or -classes (a class is new style if it inherits from :class:`object` or -:class:`type`). +were defined. Descriptors are a powerful, general purpose protocol. They are the mechanism behind properties, methods, static methods, class methods, and :func:`super()`. @@ -89,8 +87,6 @@ of ``obj``. If ``d`` defines the method :meth:`__get__`, then ``d.__get__(obj)` is invoked according to the precedence rules listed below. The details of invocation depend on whether ``obj`` is an object or a class. -Either way, descriptors only work for new style objects and classes. A class is -new style if it is a subclass of :class:`object`. For objects, the machinery is in :meth:`object.__getattribute__` which transforms ``b.x`` into ``type(b).__dict__['x'].__get__(b, type(b))``. The @@ -115,7 +111,6 @@ The important points to remember are: * descriptors are invoked by the :meth:`__getattribute__` method * overriding :meth:`__getattribute__` prevents automatic descriptor calls -* :meth:`__getattribute__` is only available with new style classes and objects * :meth:`object.__getattribute__` and :meth:`type.__getattribute__` make different calls to :meth:`__get__`. * data descriptors always override instance dictionaries. @@ -128,10 +123,7 @@ and then returns ``A.__dict__['m'].__get__(obj, A)``. If not a descriptor, ``m`` is returned unchanged. If not in the dictionary, ``m`` reverts to a search using :meth:`object.__getattribute__`. -Note, in Python 2.2, ``super(B, obj).m()`` would only invoke :meth:`__get__` if -``m`` was a data descriptor. In Python 2.3, non-data descriptors also get -invoked unless an old-style class is involved. The implementation details are -in :c:func:`super_getattro()` in +The implementation details are in :c:func:`super_getattro()` in `Objects/typeobject.c `_ and a pure Python equivalent can be found in `Guido's Tutorial`_. diff --git a/Lib/pickle.py b/Lib/pickle.py index a911ca0e1e8..ca36274cbe1 100644 --- a/Lib/pickle.py +++ b/Lib/pickle.py @@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ class _Pickler: # allowing protocol 0 and 1 to work normally. For this to # work, the function returned by __reduce__ should be # called __newobj__, and its first argument should be a - # new-style class. The implementation for __newobj__ + # class. The implementation for __newobj__ # should be as follows, although pickle has no way to # verify this: # diff --git a/Lib/pickletools.py b/Lib/pickletools.py index 515d3759313..90864165e65 100644 --- a/Lib/pickletools.py +++ b/Lib/pickletools.py @@ -1639,6 +1639,8 @@ opcodes = [ is pushed on the stack. NOTE: checks for __safe_for_unpickling__ went away in Python 2.3. + NOTE: the distinction between old-style and new-style classes does + not make sense in Python 3. """), I(name='OBJ', diff --git a/Modules/gc_weakref.txt b/Modules/gc_weakref.txt index d7be6c3ab42..2f18402c02a 100644 --- a/Modules/gc_weakref.txt +++ b/Modules/gc_weakref.txt @@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ have been called before resurrection). At best (and this has been an historically common bug), tp_clear empties an instance's __dict__, and "impossible" AttributeErrors result. At worst, tp_clear leaves behind an insane object at the C level, and segfaults result (historically, most -often by setting a new-style class's mro pointer to NULL, after which -attribute lookups performed by the class can segfault). +often by setting a class's mro pointer to NULL, after which attribute +lookups performed by the class can segfault). OTOH, it's OK to run Python-level code that can't access unreachable objects, and sometimes that's necessary. The chief example is the callback @@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ isn't easy to stumble into by accident while Python is running, and, indeed, it took quite a while to dream up failing test cases. Zope3 saw segfaults during shutdown, during the second call of gc in Py_Finalize, after most modules had been torn down. That creates many trash cycles (esp. those -involving new-style classes), making the problem much more likely. Once you +involving classes), making the problem much more likely. Once you know what's required to provoke the problem, though, it's easy to create tests that segfault before shutdown. diff --git a/Objects/typeobject.c b/Objects/typeobject.c index 010120a4e80..5383eee8898 100644 --- a/Objects/typeobject.c +++ b/Objects/typeobject.c @@ -100,15 +100,13 @@ PyType_Modified(PyTypeObject *type) static void type_mro_modified(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *bases) { /* - Check that all base classes or elements of the mro of type are + Check that all base classes or elements of the MRO of type are able to be cached. This function is called after the base classes or mro of the type are altered. Unset HAVE_VERSION_TAG and VALID_VERSION_TAG if the type - inherits from an old-style class, either directly or if it - appears in the MRO of a new-style class. No support either for - custom MROs that include types that are not officially super - types. + has a custom MRO that includes a type which is not officially + super type. Called from mro_internal, which will subsequently be called on each subclass when their mro is recursively updated. @@ -124,11 +122,7 @@ type_mro_modified(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *bases) { PyObject *b = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(bases, i); PyTypeObject *cls; - if (!PyType_Check(b) ) { - clear = 1; - break; - } - + assert(PyType_Check(b)); cls = (PyTypeObject *)b; if (!PyType_HasFeature(cls, Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_VERSION_TAG) || @@ -488,7 +482,7 @@ type_set_bases(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *value, void *context) if (!PyType_Check(ob)) { PyErr_Format( PyExc_TypeError, - "%s.__bases__ must be tuple of old- or new-style classes, not '%s'", + "%s.__bases__ must be tuple of classes, not '%s'", type->tp_name, Py_TYPE(ob)->tp_name); return -1; } @@ -1619,7 +1613,7 @@ mro_internal(PyTypeObject *type) type->tp_mro = tuple; type_mro_modified(type, type->tp_mro); - /* corner case: the old-style super class might have been hidden + /* corner case: the super class might have been hidden from the custom MRO */ type_mro_modified(type, type->tp_bases); @@ -1676,9 +1670,8 @@ best_base(PyObject *bases) return NULL; } } - if (base == NULL) - PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, - "a new-style class can't have only classic bases"); + assert (base != NULL); + return base; } @@ -3196,7 +3189,7 @@ object_set_class(PyObject *self, PyObject *value, void *closure) } if (!PyType_Check(value)) { PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, - "__class__ must be set to new-style class, not '%s' object", + "__class__ must be set to a class, not '%s' object", Py_TYPE(value)->tp_name); return -1; } @@ -3811,8 +3804,8 @@ inherit_special(PyTypeObject *type, PyTypeObject *base) that the extension type's own factory function ensures). Heap types, of course, are under our control, so they do inherit tp_new; static extension types that specify some - other built-in type as the default are considered - new-style-aware so they also inherit object.__new__. */ + other built-in type as the default also + inherit object.__new__. */ if (base != &PyBaseObject_Type || (type->tp_flags & Py_TPFLAGS_HEAPTYPE)) { if (type->tp_new == NULL) @@ -6352,7 +6345,7 @@ supercheck(PyTypeObject *type, PyObject *obj) { /* Check that a super() call makes sense. Return a type object. - obj can be a new-style class, or an instance of one: + obj can be a class, or an instance of one: - If it is a class, it must be a subclass of 'type'. This case is used for class methods; the return value is obj. diff --git a/Python/errors.c b/Python/errors.c index cd0f68dff45..36b8c545ac3 100644 --- a/Python/errors.c +++ b/Python/errors.c @@ -665,7 +665,7 @@ PyErr_NewException(const char *name, PyObject *base, PyObject *dict) if (bases == NULL) goto failure; } - /* Create a real new-style class. */ + /* Create a real class. */ result = PyObject_CallFunction((PyObject *)&PyType_Type, "sOO", dot+1, bases, dict); failure: diff --git a/Python/pythonrun.c b/Python/pythonrun.c index abc9ffc994c..c8d1e900748 100644 --- a/Python/pythonrun.c +++ b/Python/pythonrun.c @@ -474,7 +474,7 @@ Py_Finalize(void) flush_std_files(); /* Collect final garbage. This disposes of cycles created by - * new-style class definitions, for example. + * class definitions, for example. * XXX This is disabled because it caused too many problems. If * XXX a __del__ or weakref callback triggers here, Python code has * XXX a hard time running, because even the sys module has been @@ -1348,11 +1348,6 @@ parse_syntax_error(PyObject *err, PyObject **message, const char **filename, _Py_IDENTIFIER(offset); _Py_IDENTIFIER(text); - /* old style errors */ - if (PyTuple_Check(err)) - return PyArg_ParseTuple(err, "O(ziiz)", message, filename, - lineno, offset, text); - /* new style errors. `err' is an instance */ if (! (v = _PyObject_GetAttrId(err, &PyId_msg))) diff --git a/Tools/gdb/libpython.py b/Tools/gdb/libpython.py index 6972b9b1d6a..0eef228c4f5 100644 --- a/Tools/gdb/libpython.py +++ b/Tools/gdb/libpython.py @@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ class ProxyAlreadyVisited(object): def _write_instance_repr(out, visited, name, pyop_attrdict, address): - '''Shared code for use by old-style and new-style classes: + '''Shared code for use by all classes: write a representation to file-like object "out"''' out.write('<') out.write(name) @@ -481,7 +481,7 @@ class HeapTypeObjectPtr(PyObjectPtr): def proxyval(self, visited): ''' - Support for new-style classes. + Support for classes. Currently we just locate the dictionary using a transliteration to python of _PyObject_GetDictPtr, ignoring descriptors @@ -498,7 +498,7 @@ class HeapTypeObjectPtr(PyObjectPtr): attr_dict = {} tp_name = self.safe_tp_name() - # New-style class: + # Class: return InstanceProxy(tp_name, attr_dict, long(self._gdbval)) def write_repr(self, out, visited): @@ -670,44 +670,6 @@ class PyDictObjectPtr(PyObjectPtr): pyop_value.write_repr(out, visited) out.write('}') -class PyInstanceObjectPtr(PyObjectPtr): - _typename = 'PyInstanceObject' - - def proxyval(self, visited): - # Guard against infinite loops: - if self.as_address() in visited: - return ProxyAlreadyVisited('<...>') - visited.add(self.as_address()) - - # Get name of class: - in_class = self.pyop_field('in_class') - cl_name = in_class.pyop_field('cl_name').proxyval(visited) - - # Get dictionary of instance attributes: - in_dict = self.pyop_field('in_dict').proxyval(visited) - - # Old-style class: - return InstanceProxy(cl_name, in_dict, long(self._gdbval)) - - def write_repr(self, out, visited): - # Guard against infinite loops: - if self.as_address() in visited: - out.write('<...>') - return - visited.add(self.as_address()) - - # Old-style class: - - # Get name of class: - in_class = self.pyop_field('in_class') - cl_name = in_class.pyop_field('cl_name').proxyval(visited) - - # Get dictionary of instance attributes: - pyop_in_dict = self.pyop_field('in_dict') - - _write_instance_repr(out, visited, - cl_name, pyop_in_dict, self.as_address()) - class PyListObjectPtr(PyObjectPtr): _typename = 'PyListObject'