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- reorganize sections 

- correct section level error (module references are always \section)
- many markup revisions, including some minor rewordings
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Fred Drake 2003-09-06 17:51:16 +00:00
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Doc/lib/libtest.tex
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@ -2,26 +2,23 @@
Regression tests package for Python}
\declaremodule{standard}{test}
\sectionauthor{Brett Cannon}{brett@python.org}
\modulesynopsis{Regression tests package containing the testing suite
for Python.}
\modulesynopsis{Regression tests package containing the testing suite for
Python.}
The \module{test} package contains all regression tests for Python as well as
the modules \module{test_support} and \module{regrtest.py}.
\module{test_support} is used to enhance your tests while \module{regrtest.py}
drives the testing suite.
The \module{test} package contains all regression tests for Python as
well as the modules \module{test.test_support} and
\module{test.regrtest}. \module{test.test_support} is used to enhance
your tests while \module{test.regrtest} drives the testing suite.
Each module in the \module{test} package whose name starts with
\code{'test_'} is a testing suite for a specific module or feature.
All new tests should be written using the \module{unittest} module; using
\module{unittest} is not required but makes the tests more flexible and
maintenance of the tests easier.
Some older tests are written to use \module{doctest} and a ``traditional''
testing style; these styles of tests will not be covered.
\samp{test_} is a testing suite for a specific module or feature.
All new tests should be written using the \refmodule{unittest} module;
using \refmodule{unittest} is not required but makes the tests more
flexible and maintenance of the tests easier. Some older tests are
written to use \refmodule{doctest} and a ``traditional'' testing
style; these styles of tests will not be covered.
\begin{seealso}
\seemodule{unittest}{Writing PyUnit regression tests.}
@ -29,110 +26,18 @@ testing style; these styles of tests will not be covered.
\end{seealso}
\subsection{\module{test.test_support} --- Utility functions for tests}
\declaremodule[test.testsupport]{standard}{test.test_support}
The \module{test.test_support} module contains functions for assisting
with writing regression tests.
The \module{test.test_support} module defines the following exceptions:
\begin{excdesc}{TestFailed}
Exception to be raised when a test fails.
\end{excdesc}
\begin{excdesc}{TestSkipped}
Subclass of \exception{TestFailed}.
Raised when a test is skipped.
This occurs when a needed resource (such as a network connection) is not
available at the time of testing.
\end{excdesc}
\begin{excdesc}{ResourceDenied}
Subclass of \exception{TestSkipped}.
Raised when a resource (such as a network connection) is not available.
Raised by the \function{requires} function.
\end{excdesc}
The \module{test_support} module defines the following constants:
\begin{datadesc}{verbose}
\constant{True} when verbose output is enabled.
Should be checked when more detailed information is desired about a running
test.
\var{verbose} is set by \module{regrtest.py}.
\end{datadesc}
\begin{datadesc}{have_unicode}
\constant{True} when Unicode support is available.
\end{datadesc}
\begin{datadesc}{is_jython}
\constant{True} if the running interpreter is Jython.
\end{datadesc}
\begin{datadesc}{TESTFN}
Set to the path that a temporary file may be created at.
Any temporary that is created should be closed and unlinked (removed).
\end{datadesc}
The \module{test_support} module defines the following functions:
\begin{funcdesc}{forget}{module_name}
Removes the module named \var{module_name} from \module{sys.modules} and deletes
any byte-compiled files of the module.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{is_resource_enabled}{resource}
Returns \constant{True} if \var{resource} is enabled and available.
The list of available resources is only set when \module{regrtest.py} is
executing the tests.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{requires}{resource\optional{, msg}}
Raises \exception{ResourceDenied} if \var{resource} is not available.
\var{msg} is the argument to \exception{ResourceDenied} if it is raised.
Always returns true if called by a function whose \var{__name__} is
\code{"__main__"}.
Used when tests are executed by \module{regrtest.py}.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{findfile}{filename}
Return the path to the file named \var{filename}.
If no match is found \var{filename} is returned.
This does not equal a failure since it could be the path to the file.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{run_unittest}{*classes}
Execute \class{unittest.TestCase} subclasses passed to the function.
The function scans the classes for methods starting with the name
\code{"test_"} and executes the tests individually.
This is the preferred way to execute tests.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{run_suite}{suite\optional{, testclass=None}}
Execute the \class{unittest.TestSuite} instance, \var{suite}.
The optional argument \var{testclass} accepts one of the test classes in the
suite so as to print out more detailed information on where the testing suite
originated from.
\end{funcdesc}
\subsection{Writing Unit Tests for the \module{test} package%
\label{writing-tests}}
It is preferred that tests for the \module{test} package use the
\refmodule{unittest} module and follow a few guidelines.
One is to have the name of all the test methods start with \code{"test_"} as
One is to have the name of all the test methods start with \samp{test_} as
well as the module's name.
This is needed so that the methods are recognized by the test driver as
test methods.
Also, no documentation string for the method should be included.
A comment (such as
\code{\# Tests function returns only True or False}) should be used to provide
\samp{\# Tests function returns only True or False}) should be used to provide
documentation for test methods.
This is done because documentation strings get printed out if they exist and
thus what test is being run is not stated.
@ -178,8 +83,8 @@ if __name__ == '__main__':
test_main()
\end{verbatim}
This boilerplate code allows the testing suite to be run by \module{regrtest.py}
as well as on its own as a script.
This boilerplate code allows the testing suite to be run by
\module{test.regrtest} as well as on its own as a script.
The goal for regression testing is to try to break code.
This leads to a few guidelines to be followed:
@ -208,8 +113,8 @@ This leads to a few guidelines to be followed:
This minimizes external dependencies of tests and also minimizes possible
anomalous behavior from side-effects of importing a module.
\item Try to maximize code reuse.
On occasion tests will vary by something as small as what type of input
they take.
On occasion, tests will vary by something as small as what type
of input is used.
Minimize code duplication by subclassing a basic test class with a class
that specifies the input:
\begin{verbatim}
@ -232,45 +137,138 @@ class AcceptTuples(TestFuncAcceptsSequences):
\end{itemize}
\begin{seealso}
\seetitle{Test Driven Development}{A book by Kent Beck on writing tests before
code}
\seetitle{Test Driven Development}
{A book by Kent Beck on writing tests before code.}
\end{seealso}
\subsection{Running tests Using \module{test.regrtest} \label{regrtest}}
\subsection{Running tests Using \module{regrtest.py} \label{regrtest}}
\module{regrtest.py} is the script used to drive Python's regression test
suite.
\module{test.regrtest} can be used as a script to drive Python's
regression test suite.
Running the script by itself automatically starts running all
regression tests in the \module{test} package.
It does this by finding all modules in the package whose name starts with
\code{test_}, importing them, and executing the function \function{test_main}
if present.
\samp{test_}, importing them, and executing the function
\function{test_main()} if present.
The names of tests to execute may also be passed to the script.
Specifying a single regression test (\code{python regrtest.py test_spam.py})
will minimize output and only print whether the test passed or failed and thus
minimize output.
Specifying a single regression test (\program{python regrtest.py}
\programopt{test_spam.py}) will minimize output and only print whether
the test passed or failed and thus minimize output.
Running \module{regrtest.py} directly allows what resources are
Running \module{test.regrtest} directly allows what resources are
available for tests to use to be set.
You do this by using the \code{-u} command-line option.
Run \code{python regrtest.py -uall} to turn on all resources;
specifying \code{all} as an option for \code{-u} enables all possible
resources.
You do this by using the \programopt{-u} command-line option.
Run \program{python regrtest.py} \programopt{-uall} to turn on all
resources; specifying \programopt{all} as an option for
\programopt{-u} enables all possible resources.
If all but one resource is desired (a more common case), a
comma-separated list of resources that are not desired may be listed after
\code{all}.
The command \code{python regrtest.py -uall,-audio,-largefile} will run
\module{regrtest.py} with all resources except the audio and largefile
resources.
\programopt{all}.
The command \program{python regrtest.py}
\programopt{-uall,-audio,-largefile} will run \module{test.regrtest}
with all resources except the \programopt{audio} and
\programopt{largefile} resources.
For a list of all resources and more command-line options, run
\code{python regrtest.py -h}.
\program{python regrtest.py} \programopt{-h}.
Some other ways to execute the regression tests depend on what platform the
tests are being executed on.
On \UNIX{}, you can run \code{make test} at the top-level directory
where Python was built.
On Windows, executing \code{rt.bat} from your PCBuild directory will run all
On \UNIX{}, you can run \program{make} \programopt{test} at the
top-level directory where Python was built.
On Windows, executing \program{rt.bat} from your \file{PCBuild}
directory will run all regression tests.
\section{\module{test.test_support} ---
Utility functions for tests}
\declaremodule[test.testsupport]{standard}{test.test_support}
\modulesynopsis{Support for Python regression tests.}
The \module{test.test_support} module provides support for Python's
regression tests.
This module defines the following exceptions:
\begin{excdesc}{TestFailed}
Exception to be raised when a test fails.
\end{excdesc}
\begin{excdesc}{TestSkipped}
Subclass of \exception{TestFailed}.
Raised when a test is skipped.
This occurs when a needed resource (such as a network connection) is not
available at the time of testing.
\end{excdesc}
\begin{excdesc}{ResourceDenied}
Subclass of \exception{TestSkipped}.
Raised when a resource (such as a network connection) is not available.
Raised by the \function{requires()} function.
\end{excdesc}
The \module{test.test_support} module defines the following constants:
\begin{datadesc}{verbose}
\constant{True} when verbose output is enabled.
Should be checked when more detailed information is desired about a running
test.
\var{verbose} is set by \module{test.regrtest}.
\end{datadesc}
\begin{datadesc}{have_unicode}
\constant{True} when Unicode support is available.
\end{datadesc}
\begin{datadesc}{is_jython}
\constant{True} if the running interpreter is Jython.
\end{datadesc}
\begin{datadesc}{TESTFN}
Set to the path that a temporary file may be created at.
Any temporary that is created should be closed and unlinked (removed).
\end{datadesc}
The \module{test.test_support} module defines the following functions:
\begin{funcdesc}{forget}{module_name}
Removes the module named \var{module_name} from \code{sys.modules} and deletes
any byte-compiled files of the module.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{is_resource_enabled}{resource}
Returns \constant{True} if \var{resource} is enabled and available.
The list of available resources is only set when \module{test.regrtest}
is executing the tests.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{requires}{resource\optional{, msg}}
Raises \exception{ResourceDenied} if \var{resource} is not available.
\var{msg} is the argument to \exception{ResourceDenied} if it is raised.
Always returns true if called by a function whose \code{__name__} is
\code{'__main__'}.
Used when tests are executed by \module{test.regrtest}.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{findfile}{filename}
Return the path to the file named \var{filename}.
If no match is found \var{filename} is returned.
This does not equal a failure since it could be the path to the file.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{run_unittest}{*classes}
Execute \class{unittest.TestCase} subclasses passed to the function.
The function scans the classes for methods starting with the prefix
\samp{test_} and executes the tests individually.
This is the preferred way to execute tests.
\end{funcdesc}
\begin{funcdesc}{run_suite}{suite\optional{, testclass}}
Execute the \class{unittest.TestSuite} instance \var{suite}.
The optional argument \var{testclass} accepts one of the test classes in the
suite so as to print out more detailed information on where the testing suite
originated from.
\end{funcdesc}