/* ArduPilot bootloader protocol based on bl.c from https://github.com/PX4/Bootloader. Ported to ChibiOS for ArduPilot by Andrew Tridgell */ /**************************************************************************** * * Copyright (c) 2012-2014 PX4 Development Team. All rights reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the * distribution. * 3. Neither the name PX4 nor the names of its contributors may be * used to endorse or promote products derived from this software * without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE * COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS * OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN * ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. * ****************************************************************************/ #include #include #include "ch.h" #include "hal.h" #include "hwdef.h" #include "bl_protocol.h" #include "support.h" #include "can.h" // #pragma GCC optimize("O0") // bootloader flash update protocol. // // Command format: // // [] // // Reply format: // // [] // // The and values come from the PROTO_ defines below, // the <*_data> fields is described only for opcodes that transfer data; // in all other cases the field is omitted. // // Expected workflow (protocol 3) is: // // GET_SYNC verify that the board is present // GET_DEVICE determine which board (select firmware to upload) // CHIP_ERASE erase the program area and reset address counter // loop: // PROG_MULTI program bytes // GET_CRC verify CRC of entire flashable area // RESET finalise flash programming, reset chip and starts application // #define BL_PROTOCOL_VERSION 5 // The revision of the bootloader protocol // protocol bytes #define PROTO_INSYNC 0x12 // 'in sync' byte sent before status #define PROTO_EOC 0x20 // end of command // Reply bytes #define PROTO_OK 0x10 // INSYNC/OK - 'ok' response #define PROTO_FAILED 0x11 // INSYNC/FAILED - 'fail' response #define PROTO_INVALID 0x13 // INSYNC/INVALID - 'invalid' response for bad commands #define PROTO_BAD_SILICON_REV 0x14 // On the F4 series there is an issue with < Rev 3 silicon // see https://pixhawk.org/help/errata // Command bytes #define PROTO_GET_SYNC 0x21 // NOP for re-establishing sync #define PROTO_GET_DEVICE 0x22 // get device ID bytes #define PROTO_CHIP_ERASE 0x23 // erase program area and reset program address #define PROTO_PROG_MULTI 0x27 // write bytes at program address and increment #define PROTO_READ_MULTI 0x28 // read bytes at address and increment #define PROTO_GET_CRC 0x29 // compute & return a CRC #define PROTO_GET_OTP 0x2a // read a byte from OTP at the given address #define PROTO_GET_SN 0x2b // read a word from UDID area ( Serial) at the given address #define PROTO_GET_CHIP 0x2c // read chip version (MCU IDCODE) #define PROTO_SET_DELAY 0x2d // set minimum boot delay #define PROTO_GET_CHIP_DES 0x2e // read chip version In ASCII #define PROTO_BOOT 0x30 // boot the application #define PROTO_DEBUG 0x31 // emit debug information - format not defined #define PROTO_SET_BAUD 0x33 // baud rate on uart #define PROTO_PROG_MULTI_MAX 64 // maximum PROG_MULTI size #define PROTO_READ_MULTI_MAX 255 // size of the size field /* argument values for PROTO_GET_DEVICE */ #define PROTO_DEVICE_BL_REV 1 // bootloader revision #define PROTO_DEVICE_BOARD_ID 2 // board ID #define PROTO_DEVICE_BOARD_REV 3 // board revision #define PROTO_DEVICE_FW_SIZE 4 // size of flashable area #define PROTO_DEVICE_VEC_AREA 5 // contents of reserved vectors 7-10 // interrupt vector table for STM32 #define SCB_VTOR 0xE000ED08 static virtual_timer_t systick_vt; /* millisecond timer array */ #define NTIMERS 2 #define TIMER_BL_WAIT 0 #define TIMER_LED 1 static enum led_state {LED_BLINK, LED_ON, LED_OFF} led_state; volatile unsigned timer[NTIMERS]; // keep back 32 bytes at the front of flash. This is long enough to allow for aligned // access on STM32H7 #define RESERVE_LEAD_WORDS 8 /* 1ms timer tick callback */ static void sys_tick_handler(void *ctx) { chSysLockFromISR(); chVTSetI(&systick_vt, chTimeMS2I(1), sys_tick_handler, nullptr); chSysUnlockFromISR(); uint8_t i; for (i = 0; i < NTIMERS; i++) if (timer[i] > 0) { timer[i]--; } if ((led_state == LED_BLINK) && (timer[TIMER_LED] == 0)) { led_toggle(LED_BOOTLOADER); timer[TIMER_LED] = 50; } } static void delay(unsigned msec) { chThdSleep(chTimeMS2I(msec)); } static void led_set(enum led_state state) { led_state = state; switch (state) { case LED_OFF: led_off(LED_BOOTLOADER); break; case LED_ON: led_on(LED_BOOTLOADER); break; case LED_BLINK: /* restart the blink state machine ASAP */ timer[TIMER_LED] = 0; break; } } static void do_jump(uint32_t stacktop, uint32_t entrypoint) { #if defined(STM32F7) || defined(STM32H7) // disable caches on F7 before starting program __DSB(); __ISB(); SCB_DisableDCache(); SCB_DisableICache(); #endif chSysLock(); // we set sp as well as msp to avoid an issue with loading NuttX asm volatile( "mov sp, %0 \n" "msr msp, %0 \n" "bx %1 \n" : : "r"(stacktop), "r"(entrypoint) :); } #define APP_START_ADDRESS (FLASH_LOAD_ADDRESS + FLASH_BOOTLOADER_LOAD_KB*1024U) void jump_to_app() { const uint32_t *app_base = (const uint32_t *)(APP_START_ADDRESS); /* * We hold back the programming of the lead words until the upload * is marked complete by the host. So if they are not 0xffffffff, * we should try booting it. */ for (uint8_t i=0; i= (APP_START_ADDRESS + board_info.fw_size)) { return; } flash_set_keep_unlocked(false); led_set(LED_OFF); // resetting the clocks is needed for loading NuttX #if defined(STM32H7) rccDisableAPB1L(~0); rccDisableAPB1H(~0); #else rccDisableAPB1(~0); #endif rccDisableAPB2(~0); #if HAL_USE_SERIAL_USB == TRUE rccResetOTG_FS(); rccResetOTG_HS(); #endif // disable all interrupt sources port_disable(); /* switch exception handlers to the application */ *(volatile uint32_t *)SCB_VTOR = APP_START_ADDRESS; /* extract the stack and entrypoint from the app vector table and go */ do_jump(app_base[0], app_base[1]); } static void sync_response(void) { uint8_t data[] = { PROTO_INSYNC, // "in sync" PROTO_OK // "OK" }; cout(data, sizeof(data)); } static void invalid_response(void) { uint8_t data[] = { PROTO_INSYNC, // "in sync" PROTO_INVALID // "invalid command" }; cout(data, sizeof(data)); } static void failure_response(void) { uint8_t data[] = { PROTO_INSYNC, // "in sync" PROTO_FAILED // "command failed" }; cout(data, sizeof(data)); } /** * Function to wait for EOC * * @param timeout length of time in ms to wait for the EOC to be received * @return true if the EOC is returned within the timeout perio, else false */ inline static bool wait_for_eoc(unsigned timeout) { return cin(timeout) == PROTO_EOC; } static void cout_word(uint32_t val) { cout((uint8_t *)&val, 4); } static uint32_t crc32(const uint8_t *src, unsigned len, unsigned state) { static uint32_t crctab[256]; /* check whether we have generated the CRC table yet */ /* this is much smaller than a static table */ if (crctab[1] == 0) { for (unsigned i = 0; i < 256; i++) { uint32_t c = i; for (unsigned j = 0; j < 8; j++) { if (c & 1) { c = 0xedb88320U ^ (c >> 1); } else { c = c >> 1; } } crctab[i] = c; } } for (unsigned i = 0; i < len; i++) { state = crctab[(state ^ src[i]) & 0xff] ^ (state >> 8); } return state; } /* we use a write buffer for flashing, both for efficiency and to ensure that we only ever do 32 byte aligned writes on STM32H7. If you attempt to do writes on a H7 of less than 32 bytes or not aligned then the flash can end up in a CRC error state, which can generate a hardware fault (a double ECC error) on flash read, even after a power cycle */ static struct { uint32_t buffer[8]; uint32_t address; uint8_t n; } fbuf; /* flush the write buffer */ static bool flash_write_flush(void) { if (fbuf.n == 0) { return true; } fbuf.n = 0; return flash_func_write_words(fbuf.address, fbuf.buffer, ARRAY_SIZE(fbuf.buffer)); } /* write to flash with buffering to 32 bytes alignment */ static bool flash_write_buffer(uint32_t address, const uint32_t *v, uint8_t nwords) { if (fbuf.n > 0 && address != fbuf.address + fbuf.n*4) { if (!flash_write_flush()) { return false; } } while (nwords > 0) { if (fbuf.n == 0) { fbuf.address = address; memset(fbuf.buffer, 0xff, sizeof(fbuf.buffer)); } uint8_t n = MIN(ARRAY_SIZE(fbuf.buffer)-fbuf.n, nwords); memcpy(&fbuf.buffer[fbuf.n], v, n*4); address += n*4; v += n; nwords -= n; fbuf.n += n; if (fbuf.n == ARRAY_SIZE(fbuf.buffer)) { if (!flash_write_flush()) { return false; } } } return true; } #define TEST_FLASH 0 #if TEST_FLASH static void test_flash() { uint32_t loop = 1; bool init_done = false; while (true) { uint32_t addr = 0; uint32_t page = 0; while (true) { uint32_t v[8]; for (uint8_t i=0; i<8; i++) { v[i] = (page<<16) + loop; } if (flash_func_sector_size(page) == 0) { continue; } uint32_t num_writes = flash_func_sector_size(page) / sizeof(v); uprintf("page %u size %u addr=0x%08x v=0x%08x\n", page, flash_func_sector_size(page), addr, v[0]); delay(10); if (init_done) { for (uint32_t j=0; j/EOC // BL_REV reply: /INSYNC/EOC // BOARD_ID reply: /INSYNC/EOC // BOARD_REV reply: /INSYNC/EOC // FW_SIZE reply: /INSYNC/EOC // VEC_AREA reply /INSYNC/EOC // bad arg reply: INSYNC/INVALID // case PROTO_GET_DEVICE: /* expect arg then EOC */ arg = cin(1000); if (arg < 0) { goto cmd_bad; } if (!wait_for_eoc(2)) { goto cmd_bad; } // reset read pointer read_address = 0; switch (arg) { case PROTO_DEVICE_BL_REV: { uint32_t bl_proto_rev = BL_PROTOCOL_VERSION; cout((uint8_t *)&bl_proto_rev, sizeof(bl_proto_rev)); break; } case PROTO_DEVICE_BOARD_ID: cout((uint8_t *)&board_info.board_type, sizeof(board_info.board_type)); break; case PROTO_DEVICE_BOARD_REV: cout((uint8_t *)&board_info.board_rev, sizeof(board_info.board_rev)); break; case PROTO_DEVICE_FW_SIZE: cout((uint8_t *)&board_info.fw_size, sizeof(board_info.fw_size)); break; case PROTO_DEVICE_VEC_AREA: for (unsigned p = 7; p <= 10; p++) { uint32_t bytes = flash_func_read_word(p * 4); cout((uint8_t *)&bytes, sizeof(bytes)); } break; default: goto cmd_bad; } done_get_device = true; break; // erase and prepare for programming // // command: ERASE/EOC // success reply: INSYNC/OK // erase failure: INSYNC/FAILURE // case PROTO_CHIP_ERASE: if (!done_sync || !done_get_device) { // lower chance of random data on a uart triggering erase goto cmd_bad; } /* expect EOC */ if (!wait_for_eoc(2)) { goto cmd_bad; } // once erase is done there is no going back, set timeout // to zero done_erase = true; timeout = 0; flash_set_keep_unlocked(true); // clear the bootloader LED while erasing - it stops blinking at random // and that's confusing led_set(LED_OFF); // erase all sectors for (uint8_t i = 0; flash_func_sector_size(i) != 0; i++) { if (!flash_func_erase_sector(i)) { goto cmd_fail; } } // enable the LED while verifying the erase led_set(LED_ON); // verify the erase for (address = 0; address < board_info.fw_size; address += 4) { if (flash_func_read_word(address) != 0xffffffff) { goto cmd_fail; } } address = 0; // resume blinking led_set(LED_BLINK); break; // program bytes at current address // // command: PROG_MULTI///EOC // success reply: INSYNC/OK // invalid reply: INSYNC/INVALID // readback failure: INSYNC/FAILURE // case PROTO_PROG_MULTI: // program bytes if (!done_sync || !done_get_device) { // lower chance of random data on a uart triggering erase goto cmd_bad; } // expect count led_set(LED_OFF); arg = cin(50); if (arg < 0) { goto cmd_bad; } // sanity-check arguments if (arg % 4) { goto cmd_bad; } if ((address + arg) > board_info.fw_size) { goto cmd_bad; } if (arg > sizeof(flash_buffer.c)) { goto cmd_bad; } for (int i = 0; i < arg; i++) { c = cin(1000); if (c < 0) { goto cmd_bad; } flash_buffer.c[i] = c; } if (!wait_for_eoc(200)) { goto cmd_bad; } // save the first words and don't program it until everything else is done if (address < sizeof(first_words)) { uint8_t n = MIN(sizeof(first_words)-address, arg); memcpy(&first_words[address/4], &flash_buffer.w[0], n); // replace first words with 1 bits we can overwrite later memset(&flash_buffer.w[0], 0xFF, n); } arg /= 4; // program the words if (!flash_write_buffer(address, flash_buffer.w, arg)) { goto cmd_fail; } address += arg * 4; break; // fetch CRC of the entire flash area // // command: GET_CRC/EOC // reply: /INSYNC/OK // case PROTO_GET_CRC: { // expect EOC if (!wait_for_eoc(2)) { goto cmd_bad; } if (!flash_write_flush()) { goto cmd_bad; } // compute CRC of the programmed area uint32_t sum = 0; for (unsigned p = 0; p < board_info.fw_size; p += 4) { uint32_t bytes; if (p < sizeof(first_words) && first_words[0] != 0xFFFFFFFF) { bytes = first_words[p/4]; } else { bytes = flash_func_read_word(p); } sum = crc32((uint8_t *)&bytes, sizeof(bytes), sum); } cout_word(sum); break; } // read a word from the OTP // // command: GET_OTP//EOC // reply: /INSYNC/OK case PROTO_GET_OTP: // expect argument { uint32_t index = 0; if (cin_word(&index, 100)) { goto cmd_bad; } // expect EOC if (!wait_for_eoc(2)) { goto cmd_bad; } cout_word(flash_func_read_otp(index)); } break; // read the SN from the UDID // // command: GET_SN//EOC // reply: /INSYNC/OK case PROTO_GET_SN: // expect argument { uint32_t index = 0; if (cin_word(&index, 100)) { goto cmd_bad; } // expect EOC if (!wait_for_eoc(2)) { goto cmd_bad; } cout_word(flash_func_read_sn(index)); } break; // read the chip ID code // // command: GET_CHIP/EOC // reply: /INSYNC/OK case PROTO_GET_CHIP: { // expect EOC if (!wait_for_eoc(2)) { goto cmd_bad; } cout_word(get_mcu_id()); } break; // read the chip description // // command: GET_CHIP_DES/EOC // reply: /INSYNC/OK case PROTO_GET_CHIP_DES: { uint8_t buffer[MAX_DES_LENGTH]; unsigned len = MAX_DES_LENGTH; // expect EOC if (!wait_for_eoc(2)) { goto cmd_bad; } len = get_mcu_desc(len, buffer); cout_word(len); cout(buffer, len); } break; #ifdef BOOT_DELAY_ADDRESS case PROTO_SET_DELAY: { /* Allow for the bootloader to setup a boot delay signature which tells the board to delay for at least a specified number of seconds on boot. */ int v = cin(100); if (v < 0) { goto cmd_bad; } uint8_t boot_delay = v & 0xFF; if (boot_delay > BOOT_DELAY_MAX) { goto cmd_bad; } // expect EOC if (!wait_for_eoc(2)) { goto cmd_bad; } uint32_t sig1 = flash_func_read_word(BOOT_DELAY_ADDRESS); uint32_t sig2 = flash_func_read_word(BOOT_DELAY_ADDRESS + 4); if (sig1 != BOOT_DELAY_SIGNATURE1 || sig2 != BOOT_DELAY_SIGNATURE2) { goto cmd_bad; } uint32_t value = (BOOT_DELAY_SIGNATURE1 & 0xFFFFFF00) | boot_delay; flash_func_write_word(BOOT_DELAY_ADDRESS, value); if (flash_func_read_word(BOOT_DELAY_ADDRESS) != value) { goto cmd_fail; } } break; #endif case PROTO_READ_MULTI: { arg = cin(50); if (arg < 0) { goto cmd_bad; } if (arg % 4) { goto cmd_bad; } if ((read_address + arg) > board_info.fw_size) { goto cmd_bad; } // expect EOC if (!wait_for_eoc(2)) { goto cmd_bad; } arg /= 4; while (arg-- > 0) { cout_word(flash_func_read_word(read_address)); read_address += 4; } break; } // finalise programming and boot the system // // command: BOOT/EOC // reply: INSYNC/OK // case PROTO_BOOT: // expect EOC if (!wait_for_eoc(1000)) { goto cmd_bad; } if (!flash_write_flush()) { goto cmd_fail; } // program the deferred first word if (first_words[0] != 0xffffffff) { if (!flash_write_buffer(0, first_words, RESERVE_LEAD_WORDS)) { goto cmd_fail; } // revert in case the flash was bad... memset(first_words, 0xff, sizeof(first_words)); } // send a sync and wait for it to be collected sync_response(); delay(100); // quiesce and jump to the app return; case PROTO_DEBUG: // XXX reserved for ad-hoc debugging as required break; case PROTO_SET_BAUD: { if (!done_sync || !done_get_device) { // prevent timeout going to zero on noise goto cmd_bad; } /* expect arg then EOC */ uint32_t baud = 0; if (cin_word(&baud, 100)) { goto cmd_bad; } if (!wait_for_eoc(2)) { goto cmd_bad; } // send the sync response for this command sync_response(); delay(5); // set the baudrate port_setbaud(baud); lock_bl_port(); timeout = 0; // this is different to what every other case in this // switch does! Most go through sync_response down the // bottom, but we need to undertake an action after // returning the response... continue; } default: continue; } // we got a good command on this port, lock to the port lock_bl_port(); // once we get both a valid sync and valid get_device then kill // the timeout if (done_sync && done_get_device) { timeout = 0; } // send the sync response for this command sync_response(); continue; cmd_bad: // if we get a bad command it could be line noise on a // uart. Set timeout back to original timeout so we don't get // stuck in the bootloader if (!done_erase) { timeout = original_timeout; } // send an 'invalid' response but don't kill the timeout - could be garbage invalid_response(); continue; cmd_fail: // send a 'command failed' response but don't kill the timeout - could be garbage failure_response(); continue; } }